JPH1193919A - Fixing structure and fixture - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the slippage of a fastening member by a shearing force by providing a bolt consisting of a tapered shaft part diameter-contracted toward the top end, a major diameter-side head part and a minor diameter-side screw shaft in a fixing structure of a plurality of members having fastening holes differed in diameter, and engagingly locking the circumference of the tapered shaft part to the respective fastening holes. SOLUTION: A bolt 1 is formed of a tapered shaft part 12 diameter-contracted toward the top end, a major diameter-side head part 11 and a minor diameter-side screw shaft 13, and the outer diameter of the screw shaft 13 is substantially equal to the minor diameter-side outer diameter of the shaft part 12. A nut 2 is formed of a nut body 21 and a leg part 22 protruded on the circumferential edge part of one surface thereof. A member 3 having an insert hole 31 is superposed on a member 4 having an insert hole 41 smaller than the insert hole 31, the bolt 1 is inserted to the insert holes 31, 41 from the member 3 side, and the leg part 22 of the nut 2 is screwed to the screw shaft 13 toward the member 4 side to mutually fasten the members 3, 4. Since the circumference of the shaft part 12 is engagingly locked by the fastening holes 31, 41 of the members 3, 4, the fastening holes 31, 41 are mutually centered, so that the slippage can be prevented when a shearing force acts on the members 3, 4.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fixing structure for fastening with bolts and nuts, and a fixing device comprising bolts and nuts.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a plurality of members are joined by welding or by fastening with a fixture consisting of high-strength bolts and nuts, and a displacement caused by shearing between the members is shifted by a frictional force acting on a joining surface. I try not to. However, welding requires the introduction of familiar skilled workers and equipment, and quality control of high-strength bolts and nuts such as torque control at the time of fastening is difficult. In addition, in the joining of the fixing device consisting of a bolt and a nut, the bolt hole diameter is made substantially coincident with the bolt shaft diameter,
Although the displacement can be reduced, the shearing force cannot be transmitted until the displacement occurs, and a construction site using a large number of bolts and nuts requires a high precision of the bolt hole diameter.

In view of this, there is known a fixture comprising a tapered bolt (connecting pin) and a cylindrical nut as described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 40-10881 (see FIG. 5). As shown in the drawing, the tapered bolt 1A
Is composed of a tapered portion 12A and a screw shaft 13A, and the nut 2A is composed of a nut body 21A and a cylindrical portion 22A. When the cylindrical portion 22A of the nut 2A is fitted into the pin hole of the member 4A and the nut 2A is turned, the bolt 1A is drawn, and the tapered portion 12A causes the members 3A, 4A.
4A, 4A
It is possible to prevent displacement when a shear force acts between them.

[0004]

However, the conventional fixing tool 1A described in the above-mentioned publication has a cylindrical portion 22 of the nut 2A.
In order to fit A into the pin hole of the member 4A, there is a problem that the member 4A requires pre-processing of the fitting hole, and it cannot be fastened unless the accuracy of the hole position is secured.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to prevent a displacement caused when a shear force acts on a member to be fastened. An object of the present invention is to provide a fixing structure and a fixing tool which can be formed and do not require the pre-processing of the fitting hole and the strict hole position accuracy in the prior art.

[0006]

According to the first aspect of the present invention,
A fixing structure for fastening a plurality of members having fastening holes of different diameters with bolts and nuts, wherein the bolts are provided on a tapered shaft portion having a smaller diameter toward the tip and a larger diameter side of the shaft portion. A head and a screw shaft provided on the small diameter side, the outer diameter of the screw shaft is made substantially the same as the small diameter outer diameter of the tapered shaft portion, and the taper inserted into the fastening hole of the member The outer periphery of the attached shaft portion is locked in each fastening hole.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the fixing structure according to the first aspect, the nut includes a nut main body and a leg protruding from an outer peripheral edge of one side surface thereof.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fixing structure for fastening a plurality of members having fastening holes with bolts and nuts, wherein the bolt has a tapered shaft portion with a diameter decreasing toward the tip, and a diameter of the shaft portion. It consists of a head provided on the large side and a screw shaft provided on the small diameter side, and a nut is provided coaxially with the nut body on one side of the nut body, and the diameter decreases toward the tip. The outer diameter of the tapered shaft portion of the bolt is locked in a fastening hole of a member on one side, and is formed of a tapered cylinder made to be able to insert the screw shaft of the bolt. The outer periphery of the tapered cylinder is inserted and locked in the fastening hole of the other member.

The invention according to claim 4 is the invention according to claim 2 or 3.
It is a fixture consisting of the bolt and nut described.

(Operation) In the fixing structure according to the first aspect, the bolt has a tapered shaft portion with a diameter decreasing toward the tip, a head provided on the large diameter side of the shaft portion, and a bolt provided on the small diameter side. The outer diameter of the tapered shaft portion is made substantially the same as the outer diameter of the tapered shaft portion on the smaller diameter side, and the outer circumference of the tapered shaft portion inserted into the fastening hole of the member is respectively Since the nut is screwed into the screw shaft of this bolt and tightened, the fastening holes of the members are aligned with each other, and shearing force is applied to the members to be fastened. It is possible to prevent the displacement that occurs when the work is performed, and it is not necessary to perform the pre-processing of the fitting hole and the strict hole position accuracy in the related art.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the fixing structure of the first aspect, the nut includes a nut main body and a leg protruding from an outer peripheral edge of one side surface of the nut main body. Even if the tapered shaft portion of the bolt protrudes from the member on the nut side, the bolt can be used for fastening.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the outer periphery of the tapered shaft portion of the bolt is locked in a fastening hole of one member, and the outer periphery of the tapered cylinder of the nut is fastened to the other member. Since the nut is inserted and locked in the hole, when the nut is screwed into the screw shaft of this bolt and tightened, the fastening holes of the members are aligned and the shearing force acts on the member to be fastened. In addition, it is possible to prevent the displacement that occurs when the fitting is performed, and it is not necessary to perform the pre-processing of the fitting hole and the strict hole position accuracy in the related art.

Since the fixing device according to the fourth aspect comprises the bolt and the nut according to the second or third aspect, it has the same operation as the fixing structure according to the first to third aspects.

[0014]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 and FIG.
FIG. 1 (a) is a front view of a bolt, FIG. 1 (b) is a sectional view of a nut, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a use state of the bolt and nut of FIG. .

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a bolt, and 2 denotes a nut. In this embodiment, a fixing tool composed of the bolt 1 and the nut 2 is used to fix two members 3 having fastening holes 31 and 41 having different diameters. , 4 are fixed structures.

The bolt 1 has a tapered shaft portion 12 having a smaller diameter toward the tip, a head portion 11 provided on the larger diameter side of the shaft portion 12, and a screw shaft 13 provided on the smaller diameter side. It is composed of The outer diameter of the screw shaft 13 is substantially the same as the outer diameter of the tapered shaft portion 12 on the smaller diameter side, and the outer periphery of the tapered shaft portion is formed by fastening holes 31, 4 of different diameters of the members 3, 4.
1 and can be locked in the respective fastening holes 31 and 41.

The nut 2 comprises a nut body 21 and a leg 22 protruding from an outer peripheral edge of one side surface thereof.

A description will be given of a method of using the fixing device of the present embodiment comprising the bolt 1 and the nut 2. The member 3 and the member 4 having an insertion hole 41 slightly smaller than the insertion hole 31 of the member 3 are overlapped, and the bolt 1 is inserted into the insertion holes 31 and 41 from the member 3 side, and the screw shaft of the bolt 1 is inserted. 13
The members 3 and 4 are fastened by screwing the leg portion 22 of the nut 2 toward the member 4 and tightening the nut.

According to the fixing structure of the present embodiment mounted as described above, the tapered shaft portion 12 of the bolt 1
The outer circumference of each of the members 3 and 4 has a different diameter fastening hole 31,
41, the fastening holes 3 between the members 3, 4
As a result, it is possible to prevent the displacement caused when a shear force is applied to the members 3 and 4 to be fastened, and it is not necessary to perform the pre-processing of the fitting hole and the strict hole positioning accuracy in the prior art. Become.

Further, since the nut 2 is composed of the nut body 21 and the leg 22 projecting from the outer peripheral edge of one side surface, the tapered shaft portion 12 of the bolt 1 is located on the nut 2 side. Even if it protrudes from the member 4, the fastening can be performed by the legs 22.

Further, since it is not necessary to bring the head 11 of the bolt 1 into close contact with the member 3, the fastening holes 31, 41 of the members 3, 4 are provided.
Even if is slightly misaligned, it can be handled.

3 and 4 show another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3A is a front view of a bolt, FIG. 3B is a sectional view of a nut, and FIG. 3) is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a use state of the bolts and nuts of FIG. 3, and (b) is a cross-sectional view showing another example of a use state. In the following examples,
The same components as those of the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.
Only different parts will be described with different reference numerals.

In the figure, 1a is a bolt and 2a is a nut. In the fixing structure of the present embodiment, a plurality of members having fastening holes are fastened by bolts 1a and nuts 2a.

As shown in FIG. 3, the bolt 1a has a tapered shaft portion 12a having a smaller diameter toward the tip and a hexagonal head 11a provided on the larger diameter side of the shaft portion 12a.
And a screw shaft 13a provided on the small diameter side. Although a male screw is engraved on the outer periphery of the screw shaft 13a, the male screw may be either the entire length of the screw shaft or only the tip side.

The nut 2a has a hexagonal nut main body 21a, and is provided on one side thereof coaxially with the nut main body 21a. And a tapered cylinder 22a which can be inserted. The inner peripheral surface of the tapered cylinder 22a is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the screw shaft so that the screw shaft 13a can be inserted. The screws may be continuous.

As shown in FIG. 4, the outer periphery of the tapered shaft portion 12a of the bolt 1a constructed as described above can be locked in the fastening hole 31 of the member 3 on one side.
The outer periphery of the tapered cylinder 22a is inserted and locked in the fastening hole 41 of the member 4 on the other side.

Next, a method of using the fixing tool including the bolt 1a and the nut 2a will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 4 (a) is an example of this, and shows two members 3, 4
The bolts 1a are inserted into the fastening holes 31, 41, the nut 2a is screwed into the projecting screw shaft 13a, and the two members 3, 4 are fastened. .

As described above, the bolt 1a and the nut 2
a, the outer periphery of the tapered shaft portion 12a of the bolt 1a is fixed to the fastening hole 31 of the member 3 on one side.
On the other hand, on the other hand, the tapered cylinder 22a of the nut 2a
Is locked in the fastening hole 41 of the member 4 on the other side, and when the nut 2a is screwed into the screw shaft 13a of the bolt 1a and tightened, the fastening holes 31, 41 of the members 3, 4 are aligned. It will be in the state that was done. As a result, the fastened members 3, 4
In the meantime, it is possible to prevent a displacement occurring when a shearing force is applied, and it is not necessary to perform the pre-processing of the fitting hole and the strict hole position accuracy in the related art.

FIG. 4 (b) shows another example of the method of using the fixing device. A spacer member 5 is sandwiched between two members 3 and 4, and the members 3 and 4 are bolted with nuts 2a. It can also be fastened.

[0030]

In the fixing structure according to the first aspect, when the nut is screwed into the screw shaft of the bolt and tightened, the fastening holes of the members are aligned by the tapered shaft portion. Misalignment that occurs when a shear force acts on the member. In addition, the pre-processing of the fitting hole and the strict hole position accuracy in the prior art are not required.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the fixing structure of the first aspect, the nut includes a nut main body and a leg protruding from an outer peripheral edge of one side surface. Even if the tapered shaft portion of the bolt protrudes from the member on the nut side, the bolt can be used for fastening.

In the fixing structure according to the third aspect, when the nut is screwed into the screw shaft of the bolt and tightened, the fastening hole between the members is centered by the tapered shaft portion of the bolt and the tapered cylinder of the nut. In this state, it is possible to prevent a displacement caused when a shearing force acts on the member to be fastened. In addition, the pre-processing of the fitting hole and the strict hole position accuracy in the prior art are not required. Since the fixing tool according to claim 4 includes the bolt and the nut according to claim 2 or 3,
The same effect as the fixing structure according to the first to third aspects is obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an embodiment of the present invention, in which (a) is a front view of a bolt and (b) is a sectional view of a nut.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a use state of a bolt and a nut of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is another embodiment of the present invention, in which (a) is a front view of a bolt and (b) is a sectional view of a nut.

4A is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a use state of the bolt and the nut of FIG. 3, and FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view showing another example of a use state.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a use state of a conventional bolt and nut.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1, 1a Bolt 11, 11a Head 12, 12a Tapered shaft 13, 13a Screw shaft 2, 2a Nut 21, 21a Nut body 22 Leg 22a Tapered cylinder 3, 4, Member 31, 41 Fastening hole

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A fixture for fastening a plurality of members having fastening holes of different diameters with bolts and nuts, wherein the bolt has a tapered shaft portion with a smaller diameter toward the tip and a larger diameter of the shaft portion. And a screw shaft provided on the small diameter side, the outer diameter of the screw shaft is made substantially the same as the small diameter outer diameter of the tapered shaft portion, and a fastening hole for the member is provided. A fixed structure characterized in that the outer periphery of the tapered shaft portion inserted into the shaft is locked in each of the fastening holes. 2. The fixing structure according to claim 1, wherein the nut comprises a nut main body and a leg protruding from an outer peripheral edge of one side surface of the nut main body. 3. A fixing structure for fastening a plurality of members having a fastening hole with bolts and nuts, wherein the bolt has a tapered shaft portion having a diameter decreasing toward a tip end;
The head is provided with a head provided on the large diameter side of the shaft portion and a screw shaft provided on the small diameter side, and a nut is provided coaxially with the nut body on one side of the nut body. The outer diameter is made smaller toward
It consists of a tapered cylinder into which the screw shaft of the bolt can be inserted, the outer periphery of the tapered shaft portion of the bolt is locked in a fastening hole of one member, and the outer periphery of the tapered cylinder of the nut is A fixing structure inserted and locked in a fastening hole of the other member. 4. A fixture comprising the bolt and the nut according to claim 2.