JPH1183221A - Gas compression/expansion unit - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To lessen a space occupied by a gas compression/expansion unit and also to enhance the efficiency of radiation of compressed working gas. SOLUTION: An insertion hole 59a through which a displacer rod 35 is inserted is provided in a compression cylinder 52, in juxtaposition with a compression piston rod 58. Thereby a compression part 50 and a displacer part 30 are disposed in the same direction and thereby reduction of a space occupied by the equipment is enabled. In order to radiate the heat of compressed working gas outward efficiently, radiating fins 54 are so provided as to cover the compression cylinder 52. A gap formed between the radiating fins 54 and the compression cylinder 52 is so designed as to be a gas passage G1. Thereby the area of thermal contact of the working gas flowing through the gas passage G1 with the radiating fins 54 is increased and thus the efficiency of radiation outward is enhanced.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention aims at reducing the size of an apparatus by setting the installation direction of a gas compression section and a gas expansion section in the same direction, and efficiently reducing the heat of a compressed working gas to the outside. To a gas compression / expansion machine capable of dissipating heat.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, gas compressors / expanders have been used in Stirling refrigerators, Stirling engines, reciprocating compressors and the like.

FIG. 5 shows a schematic configuration of such a gas compression / expansion machine. The gas compression / expansion machine 100 includes a compression unit 15 which is a piston type compressor having a compression piston 151.
0, displacer unit 1 including displacer 131
The compression unit 150 and the displacer unit 130 are communicated with each other by a gas flow path 160.

[0004] The compression section 150 includes a compression piston 15.
Compression cylinder 152,
The radiation fins 154 provided on the outer surface of the compression space 153 provided on the head side (the left side in FIG. 5) of the compression cylinder 152 and radiating the heat of the working gas generated by the compression to the outside. A buffer space 156 and a partition wall 1 formed by the partition 155 and the compression piston 151 and the compression cylinder 152 disposed on the drive unit 120 side.
The compression piston 151 has a compression piston rod 158 that transmits driving force to the compression piston 151.

The displacer section 130 includes an expansion cylinder 132 for accommodating the displacer 131, an expansion space 134 provided on the head side (upper side in FIG. 5) of the expansion cylinder 132, and a displacer rod 135 for transmitting a driving force to the displacer 131. , Displacer 131
The load 112 is attached to the head of the expansion cylinder 132 with the cold storage material 133 and the like provided therein.

The driving unit 120 is connected to a storage tank 122 for storing oil for lubricating the crank mechanism 121 and the like, a connecting rod 123 connected to the crank mechanism 121 and the compression piston rod 158, a crank mechanism 121 and a displacer rod 135. Connecting rod 124 and the like.

In such a configuration, when the crank mechanism 121 rotates, the rotating power is reduced by the connecting rod 1.
It is transmitted to the compression piston 151 and the displacer 131 via 23, 124 and the like.

At this time, the two connecting rods 1
23 and 124 receive the driving force from the crank mechanism 121 at the same point of action, so that the compression piston 151 reciprocates with a phase shift of about 90 degrees from the displacer 131.

When the compression piston 151 moves from the right end dead center to the left end dead center, the working gas in the compression space 153 is isothermally compressed.

During this time, the displacer 131 moves down,
After reaching the bottom dead center, it moves upward. The working gas compressed along with the upward movement of the displacer 131 is sent to the displacer section 130 side via the gas passage 160, and when the displacer 131 moves downward, the working gas is transferred to the cold storage material 13.
3 and exchanges heat with the cold storage material 133 to expand the expansion space 13.
4

As the displacer 131 reaches the bottom dead center, the compression piston 151 moves from the left end dead center to the right end dead center, and the working gas expands and cools down. Since the expansion process at this time is an isothermal expansion process, external heat is absorbed as much as the temperature is reduced by the expansion. That is, heat is taken from the load.

As the compression piston 151 approaches the rightmost dead center, the displacer 131 starts moving upward, the working gas passes through the displacer 131, absorbs heat from the cold storage material 133, and one cycle ends.

[0013]

However, in the above configuration, the compression section 150, the displacer section 130, and the drive section 120 are respectively disposed at the vertices of the triangle, and
The triangle is a substantially right triangle so that the phase between the compression piston 151 and the displacer 131 is shifted by approximately 90 degrees. For this reason, there is a problem that the space occupied by the gas compressor / expander expands even if the angle compression unit 150 and the like are downsized.

The radiating fins 154 for radiating the heat of the compressed working gas to the outside cannot be efficiently radiated because they are not provided in the gas passage 160 or the like. Piping was required.

Therefore, the present invention can efficiently radiate heat,
It is another object of the present invention to provide a gas compressor / expander having a reduced space occupied by the device.

[0016]

According to the present invention, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, according to the first aspect of the present invention, a driving unit and a compression piston receiving driving force from the driving unit via a compression piston rod are provided. A compression unit, which is reciprocally disposed within the compression cylinder and compresses the working gas in a compression space formed in the compression cylinder, and a displacer which receives a driving force from a driving unit via a displacer rod includes: In a gas compressor / expander having a displacer portion which is reciprocally accommodated in a gas cylinder and which expands a working gas, an insertion hole through which the displacer rod is inserted into the compression cylinder is formed in parallel with the compression piston rod. Thus, the compression section and the displacer section are arranged in the same direction, thereby reducing the space occupied by the apparatus.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, an annular gas flow path that connects the compression section and the displacer section is formed so that the insertion hole is located inside, and the working gas flowing through the gas flow path is formed. It is characterized by increasing the thermal contact area.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, a radiating fin is provided so as to cover the compression cylinder in order to efficiently radiate the heat of the working gas flowing from the compression section to the displacer section to the outside. The gap formed between the radiating fin and the compression cylinder serves as a gas flow path, and the heat contact area of the working gas flowing through the gas flow path with the radiating fin is increased to radiate heat to the outside. It is characterized by increased efficiency.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a radiation fin is integrally formed on the outer surface of the compression cylinder. Thereby, the thermal contact area of the working gas flowing from the compression section to the displacer section via the gas flow path with the compression cylinder is increased. The radiation fins formed on the compression cylinder enhance the radiation efficiency to the outside.

[0020]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows the gas compression /
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the expander, and FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the expander.

The gas compression / expansion device includes cranks 22a, 2
The drive unit 20 includes a crank mechanism 22 made of 2b, a displacer unit 30 including a displacer 31, a compression unit 50 including a compression piston 51, and the like.

The drive unit 20 includes a rotor 21 for applying a rotational driving force to the crank mechanism 22, an oil tank 23 for storing oil for lubricating the crank mechanism 22, and a crank 22.
a, connecting rod 24a connected to 22b,
24b, and cross guides 25a and 25b connected to the connecting rods 24a and 24b.

The cranks 22a and 22b are eccentrically connected to the shaft 22c, and the mounting angles of the cranks 22a and 22b are set so that the phase of the compression piston 51 is delayed by about 90 degrees with respect to the phase of the displacer 31. Is set.

The displacer section 30 includes an expansion cylinder 32 for accommodating the displacer 31 and the expansion cylinder 32.
Expansion space 3 provided on the head side (upper side in FIG. 1)
4, a displacer rod 35 for transmitting a driving force to the displacer 31, a cold storage material 33 provided in the displacer 31, and the like.
2 are installed.

The compression section 50 covers a compression cylinder 52 for accommodating a compression piston 51, a compression space 53 provided on the head side (upper side in FIG. 1) of the compression cylinder 52, and an outer surface of the compression cylinder 52. Radiating fins 5 provided to radiate the heat of the working gas generated by the compression to the outside
4, a partition 55 provided on the drive section 20 side of the compression cylinder 52, and a compression piston rod 58 for transmitting a driving force to the compression piston 51 through an insertion hole 59b formed in the partition 55. .

An insertion hole 59a is formed in the compression cylinder 52 and the partition wall 55 in parallel with the insertion hole 59b, and the displacer rod 35 is inserted through the insertion hole 59a.

Thus, the compression unit 50 and the displacer unit 30 can be arranged in the same direction,
The space occupied by the expander can be reduced.

Seal members 71 and 72 are inserted into both ends of an insertion hole 59b through which the compression piston rod 58 is inserted, and seal members 73 and 74 are inserted into both ends of the insertion hole 59a through which the rod 73 is inserted. Is inserted so that oil does not enter the compression section 50 or the displacer section 30.

Further, the radiation fin 54 is disposed so as to cover the compression cylinder 52 as described above, and a gas flow path G1 is formed between the radiation fin 54 and the compression cylinder 52.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the compression section 50 as seen from the direction of arrows AA in FIG. The gas flow path G1 communicates with the compression space 53 via the groove M1, and is inserted through the displacer section 30 via the groove M2. As a result, the working gas is supplied to the compression space 53 of the compression section 50, the groove M1, and the gas flow path G.
1, the groove M2, and back and forth between the displacer section 30.

Next, the operation of the gas compressor / expander based on the above configuration will be described. When the crank mechanism 22 rotates, the rotational power is transmitted to the compression piston 51 and the displacer 31 via the connecting rods 24a, 24b, etc. Get to exercise.

When the compression piston 51 moves from the bottom dead center to the top dead center, the working gas in the compression space 53 is compressed. During this time, the displacer 31 moves upward and reaches the top dead center, and then moves downward.

The working gas compressed along with the upward movement of the compression piston 51 flows through the gas flow path G 1, radiates heat by the radiation fins 54, and is sent to the displacer section 30 side. When the displacer 31 moves down, the working gas passes through the cold storage material 33, exchanges heat with the cold storage material 33, and is sent to the expansion space 34.

As the displacer 31 reaches the bottom dead center, the compression piston 51 moves from the top dead center to the bottom dead center, and the working gas expands and cools down. Since the expansion process at this time is an isothermal expansion process, external heat is absorbed as much as the temperature is reduced by the expansion. That is, heat can be taken from the load 12.

As the compression piston 51 approaches the bottom dead center, the displacer 31 starts moving upward, the working gas passes through the displacer 31, absorbs heat from the cold storage material 33, returns to the compression space 53, and one cycle is completed.

In order to increase the coefficient of performance in such a cycle, it is necessary to quickly and efficiently radiate the heat of the working gas compressed by the compression section 50 to the outside. Therefore, in the present invention, a gap is formed between the radiation fin 54 and the compression cylinder 52, and the gap serves as the gas flow path G1.

As described above, by forming the gas flow path G1 along the outer periphery of the compression cylinder 52, the heat contact area of the working gas can be increased most effectively, and the radiation fin 5
4 allows efficient heat release to the outside. Therefore, in the case of a refrigerator, the coefficient of performance can be increased.

Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the gas compression / expansion machine according to the present embodiment. Since the driving section and the displacer section according to the present embodiment have the same configuration as the first embodiment, the same reference numerals are given and the description will be omitted as appropriate.

The compression section 60 is provided on a compression cylinder 62 for accommodating a compression piston 61, a compression space 63 provided on the bottom side (lower side in FIG. 4) of the compression cylinder 62, and an outer surface of the compression cylinder 62. A radiation fin 64 formed integrally with the compression cylinder 62 to radiate the heat of the working gas generated by the compression to the outside, a partition wall 65 provided on the drive unit 20 side of the compression cylinder 62, and an insertion formed in the partition wall 65. It has a rod 68 or the like that transmits a driving force to the compression piston 61 through the hole 69b.

An insertion hole 69a is formed in the compression cylinder 62 and the partition wall 65 in parallel with the insertion hole 69b, and the displacer rod 35 is inserted through the insertion hole 69a.

Thus, the compression section 60 and the displacer section 30 can be arranged in the same direction, and the
The space occupied by the expander can be reduced.

The insertion hole 69b through which the rod 68 is inserted
Seal members 71 and 72 are inserted into both end portions of the housing, and seal members 73 and 74 are inserted into both end portions of an insertion hole 69a through which the displacer rod 35 is inserted. 30 does not enter.

A groove M3 is formed in the compression space 63 at the boundary between the compression cylinder 62 and the partition wall 65.
Further, an annular gas flow path G2 is formed such that the insertion hole 69a is located inside. Thus, the compression space 63 of the compression section 60 and the displacer section 30 communicate with each other via the groove M3 and the gas flow path G2.

According to the above configuration, the gas compression / expansion machine is the first type.
The same operation as that of the embodiment is performed. That is, when the crank mechanism 22 rotates, the rotational power is transmitted to the compression piston 61 and the displacer 31 via the connecting rods 24a, 24b and the like, and the phase of the compression piston 61 advances by approximately 90 degrees with respect to the displacer 31. Make a reciprocating motion.

When the compression piston 61 moves from the top dead center to the bottom dead center, the working gas in the compression space 63 is compressed. During this time, the displacer 31 moves upward and reaches the top dead center, and then moves downward.

The working gas compressed by the downward movement of the compression piston 61 flows through the gas flow path G2 and passes through the compression cylinder 62.
And the heat is radiated to the outside by the radiation fins 64. The working gas that has lost heat in this way is sent to the displacer unit 30 side.

When the displacer 31 moves down, the working gas passes through the cold storage material 33, exchanges heat with the cold storage material 33, and is sent to the expansion space 34.

As the displacer 31 reaches the bottom dead center, the compression piston 61 moves from the bottom dead center to the top dead center, and the working gas expands and cools down. Since the expansion process at this time is an isothermal expansion process, external heat is absorbed as much as the temperature is reduced by the expansion. That is, heat can be taken from the load 12.

As the compression piston 61 approaches the top dead center, the displacer 31 starts moving upward, the working gas passes through the displacer 31, absorbs heat from the cold storage material 33, returns to the compression space, and one cycle ends.

In order to increase the coefficient of performance in such a cycle, it is necessary to quickly and efficiently exchange the heat of the working gas with the outside. Therefore,
In the present invention, the gas flow path G2 is formed around the insertion hole 69a to increase the thermal contact area of the working gas, and the radiation fins 64 are integrally formed on the outer surface of the compression cylinder 62 to increase the radiation efficiency. ing.

Thus, the heat of the working gas can be efficiently radiated, and for example, the coefficient of performance of the refrigerator can be increased.

[0052]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, since the insertion hole through which the displacer rod is inserted into the compression cylinder is formed in parallel with the compression piston rod, the compression section and the displacer section are separated. The devices can be arranged in the same direction, and the space occupied by the device can be reduced.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the annular gas flow path connecting the compression section and the displacer section is formed such that the insertion hole is located inside, the working gas flowing through the gas flow path is formed. It is possible to increase the thermal contact area.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, a radiating fin is provided so as to cover the compression cylinder, and the gap is formed as a gas flow path. The heat radiation area to the outside can be increased by increasing the thermal contact area with the outside.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the radiation fins are integrally formed on the outer surface of the compression cylinder, thermal contact of the working gas flowing from the compression section to the displacer section via the gas flow path with the compression cylinder is achieved. The area can be increased, and thereby the radiation efficiency to the outside can be increased by the radiation fins formed in the compression cylinder.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a gas compression / expansion machine applied to the description of a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a sectional perspective view of the gas compression / expansion machine of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a gas compression / expansion machine applied to the description of the second embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a gas compression / expansion machine applied to the description of the related art.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 20 drive unit 30 displacer unit 31 displacer 35 displacer rod 50,60 compression unit 51,61 compression piston 52,62 compression cylinder 53,63 compression space 54,64 radiation fin 55,65 partition wall 58,68 compression piston rod M1, M2 M3 groove G1, G2 gas flow path

Claims (4)

[Claims] A driving unit and a compression piston receiving driving force from the driving unit via a compression piston rod are reciprocally disposed in the compression cylinder, and a compression space formed in the compression cylinder is provided. A gas compression / compression unit having a compression unit for compressing a working gas and a displacer for receiving a driving force from the driving unit via a displacer rod is reciprocally housed in an expansion cylinder to expand the working gas. In the expander, a gas insertion hole for inserting the displacer rod into the compression cylinder is formed in parallel with the compression piston rod, and the compression section and the displacer section are arranged in the same direction. Compression / expansion machine. 2. The gas compressor / gas compressor according to claim 1, wherein an annular gas flow path communicating the compression section and the displacer section is formed such that the insertion hole is located inside.
Expander. 3. A radiator fin is provided so as to cover the compression cylinder so as to radiate heat of the compressed working gas to the outside, and a gap formed between the radiator fin and the compression cylinder. 3. The gas compression / expansion machine according to claim 2, wherein said gas flow path is formed. 4. A radiator fin is integrally formed on an outer surface portion of the compression cylinder, and heat of the working gas compressed through the gas flow path is conducted to the compression cylinder to radiate heat by the radiator fin. 3. The gas compression / expansion machine according to claim 2, wherein: