JPH1181219A - Water-permeable weed-proof structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an excellent water-permeable water-proof structure which has both the function of restraining the roots of weeds even if the roots are initially present in soil and the function of allowing the permeation of the water required for the growth of the targetted flowers and trees while shutting off the water required for the growth of the seeds and spores of the weeds. SOLUTION: A water-permeable weed-proof structure comprises a laminated structure of a water-permeable, water-repellent granular substance having substance having a coefficient of permeability of 1×10<-3> cm/sec or more when laminated to a thickness of 5 cm and a fiber structure having a penetration resistance of 1 kg or more. The water-permeable weed-proof structure is a four-layered structure consisting of a layer 2 of the water-permeable, water- repellent granular substance having a coefficient of permeability of 1×10<-3> cm/sec or more when laminated to a thickness of 5 cm, a layer 2 of a water- impermeable, water-repellent granular substance having a coefficient of permeability of less than 1×10<-3> cm/sec, the fiber structure 1 having a penetration resistance of 1 kg or more, and bedrock soil 3.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a water-permeable and herbicidal structure that is extremely strict on weeds and has good breeding characteristics, and has an extremely excellent function of inhibiting weed reproduction and water permeation. More specifically, the present invention relates to, for example, grounds, golf courses, parks, sidewalks, sidewalks, median strips, parking lots, under floors, shores, lake shores, river shores, and other places where weeds are repelled. Provided is a water-permeable and herbicidal structure that achieves an outstanding effect of exhibiting a function of promoting the growth of a target plant by constructing and laying in a plant cultivation site (paddy field, field) or potted plant, etc. Things.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a soil improving material has been proposed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-206755. However, if the soil improvement material is not laminated in a large amount by itself, not only the weed prevention effect cannot be surely achieved, but also the soil improvement material is scattered and removed from the base surface by wind and rain or by external force (for example, a person tramples on). Such a situation has severely impaired the weed prevention effect. Furthermore, those coated with such a coating film may die because the water repellent function is too large to supply water necessary for growing target plants such as flowers and trees. Was.

On the other hand, weed prevention sheets are also disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. Hei 4-5272.
No. 7 has been usefully used as a material for inhibiting the propagation of weeds. However, this grass sheet is a fibrous structure, and therefore has extremely weak weather resistance, cannot retain its strength and function for many years, and is only a material that will eventually be worn out. However, it has a disadvantage that it easily absorbs water and is easily wetted, and in some cases, seeds and spores are easily attached thereto, and it may grow and propagate there.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above technical background, the present invention has a function of suppressing the roots of weeds that had originally been established, even if they exist in the soil, as well as the growth of weed seeds and spores. The purpose of the present invention is to provide an excellent water-permeable and herbicidal structure having a function of permitting water permeation necessary for the growth and cultivation of the target flowers and trees.

[0005]

The present invention employs the following means in order to solve the above problems. That is, the water-permeable weed-proof structure of the present invention has a water-permeable water-repellent granular material having a water-permeability of 1 × 10 ⁻³ cm / sec or more when laminated with a thickness of 5 cm, and a fiber having a penetration resistance of 1 kg or more. Characterized in that it is a laminated structure with the structure, and has a water permeability of 1 × 10 ⁻³ cm /
layer of water-permeable and water-repellent granules having a water permeability of at least 1 × 10 ⁻³ cm / sec, and a fibrous structure having a penetration resistance of at least 1 kg. And a four-layer laminated structure with a base soil.

[0006]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention has a function of suppressing the roots of weeds that had originally rooted in the soil and cutting the water necessary for growing weed seeds and spores. After careful investigation to provide a water-permeable and herbicidal structure having the function of providing sufficient moisture and nutrients required for the growth of plants and trees and cultivation as a target, as a result of intensive studies, it was found that specific water-repellent granular materials It has been found that such a problem can be solved all at once by using a specific combination, that is, a laminated combination structure with a fiber structure having a penetration resistance of 1 kg or more.

That is, the specific fiber structure of the present invention is:
Although it has a herbicidal function by itself, its durability is limited in terms of weather resistance. In addition, the specific water-repellent granular material of the present invention also has a weed control function by itself, but when the root of the weed originally rooted is present in the soil, there is no function of suppressing this, It was not enough to eradicate weed breeding.

According to the present invention, by combining materials having the above-mentioned respective disadvantages, each of them covers each other conversely, thereby synergistically achieving an excellent function which has not been achieved in the past, that is, the above-described roots are originally established. Even if the roots of the weeds existed in the soil, they had a function to suppress them, a function to cut the water necessary for growing weed seeds and spores, and a function to grow the target plants and flowers. The present invention has succeeded in providing an excellent water-permeable and herbicidal structure having a combination of three functions of providing water and nutrients.

The present invention is a laminated structure of a fibrous structure having a penetration resistance of 1 kg or more and a water-permeable and water-repellent granular material. That is, the mineral base material is laminated on at least one selected from above and below the fibrous structure. Among these laminated structures, those having a structure in which the water-permeable and water-repellent granules are laminated on the fibrous structure are preferable as the water-permeable and herbicidal structure because of their excellent herbicidal function.

The fibrous structure has a penetration resistance of 1 kg or more, preferably 3 to 200 kg, more preferably 7 to 4 kg.
What is 0 kg is good. Such penetration resistance means a function capable of resisting the penetration force of the emergence (shoot) of weeds. Generally, the emergence penetration force of weeds is a force of less than about 1 kg, and thus has a weed prevention function. It is sufficient that the fibrous structure has a resistance that satisfies this.However, if a worker steps on the fiber structure and damages the fibrous structure during construction, it is not possible to resist at that portion. In consideration of such a case, one satisfying the above preferable conditions is preferable. A method for measuring such a penetration resistance will be described below.

First, a sample piece is placed on a washer having a through hole having a diameter of 7 mm, and the sample piece is pierced at a speed of 10 mm / min by using a punching blade having a diameter of 6 mm that faces the through hole. Read the resistance value. The shape of the punching blade is the same as that of the punch of the stationery, but the recess at the tip is 4.5 mm and the cutting edge angle is 4
Using five degrees, randomly measure 20 places and represent the average value.

As such a fibrous structure, for example, at least one sheet material selected from a nonwoven fabric, a woven or knitted material, and a mesh material, or a sheet composed of a combination thereof can be used. The woven or knitted fabric here is
It mainly refers to a woven structure, and a combination of a woven structure and a knitted structure, for example, a woven structure, is preferably used. However, a combined structure of these structures and a nonwoven fabric is more concealed than a woven or knitted fabric alone. It is preferably used in view of the ratio and the light blocking ratio. This point is the same for mesh-like objects (including net-like objects). The mesh-like material means any coarse sheet having a knotted tissue or a nodulated tissue. For example, a sheet-like material made of a woven or knitted fabric or a mesh-like material as a reinforcing material, which is composed of a nonwoven fabric, a combination of a woven fabric and a non-woven fabric, a combination of a non-woven fabric and a mesh-like material, or the like, is preferably used.

The fibers constituting such a fibrous structure may be either short fibers or long fibers, but those made of long fibers are preferred from the viewpoint of the penetration resistance. The fineness is not particularly limited as long as it satisfies the above-described penetration resistance. However, it is preferable to use fibers having an average fineness of 1 denier or more, and more preferably an average fineness of about 1 to 15 denier. In this case, in the present invention, at least two kinds of fibers selected from fibers of different fineness and fibers of different strength are mixed, compounded, and all shapes in combination can also be used in the present invention. This includes cases. It is also preferable to use fibers with a modified cross section in order to increase the light blocking ratio.

The fiber structure of the present invention preferably has a basis weight of 100 to 1000 g / m ² , and more preferably 20 g / m ² .
A sheet in the range of 0 to 800 g / m ² can provide a very practical sheet which is a light sheet and has excellent performances in both herbicidal function, ornamental property and safety. In addition, 0.2 g / cm
Those having a fiber density of ³ or more and further composed of synthetic fibers bonded by pressure welding are preferably used from the viewpoint of penetration resistance and sheet strength. Such a fibrous structure is preferably used as a colored sheet, which is also colored in a deep color, because it enhances the light shielding ratio and the concealing property.

In the case of using a laminated type in which two types of sheet materials are laminated as the above-mentioned fibrous structure, it is necessary to take care not to impair the air permeability and water permeability of the entire fibrous structure. is there. That is, in the case of laminating by a method other than sewing, such as bonding with an adhesive, heat fusion, or thermocompression bonding, it is necessary to ensure fiber voids. For example, it is preferable to join by means such as partial adhesion, partial heat fusion, and partial thermocompression bonding. In order to impart a high light-shielding rate to the above-described nonwoven fabric, it is preferable to perform pressure bonding with a calender roll, and
In this case, it is preferable to use 10 to 30% embolol as the press contact area in order to make the fiber density of the nonwoven fabric at least 0.2 g / cm ³ .

[0016] Such a fiber structure includes a herbicide, a fungicide,
It preferably contains at least one of an insect repellent and a fragrance. That is, such a fiber structure is often laid for a long period of time, and therefore, various kinds of dust such as dust and sand in the air are accumulated in the fiber void portion, where weeds may grow and propagate. This is preferable from the viewpoint of preventing this.

The fiber structure of the present invention preferably has a high light-shielding rate by itself, and is preferably 80% or more.
More preferably, those having a light-shielding rate of 90% or more can suppress the emergence of weeds. Such a light-shielding ratio is obtained by placing a light-receiving unit on the bottom of a closed test box having a hole having a diameter of 10 cm, and transmitting light from a light source mounted directly above the sample.
The received light is received by the light receiving unit, the amount of received light is measured by an illuminometer, and the ratio of the amount of received light before and after mounting the sample is calculated by the following equation. The sample used for the test is cut into a size of 20 cm × 20 cm. Shading ratio (%) = (1−T ′ / T) × 100 where T: illuminance when the sample is not mounted (lux) T ′: illuminance when the sample is mounted (lux)

Further, in the present invention, when a structure in which the fibrous structure is laminated on the outermost layer of the water-permeable weed-proofing structure is employed, the surface of the fibrous structure conforms to JIS L-1096. It is preferable to use a fiber composed of a specific fiber structure having a glossiness (light diffuse reflectance) of 30% or less, preferably 20% or less, more preferably 10% or less in a 30-degree direction by a glossiness test. . The lower the gloss, the better. The gloss is measured by setting the incident angle of light to 3
The evaluation is based on the amount of light when the reflected light is taken at an angle of 30 degrees from the reflecting surface in the direction of an angle of 0 degrees.

The fibrous structure does not need to be particularly limited as long as it functions to scatter light. For example, the surface of the fibrous structure may have a projection-like structure, a loop-like structure, or a hair-like structure. By having at least one kind of surface structure selected from the structures, there is an advantage that it is possible to provide a water-permeable herbicidal structure that is not dazzling even by light reflection.

In the case where the fibrous structure is a water-permeable and grass-repellent structure on which the water-repellent and water-repellent particles are laminated, the fiber structure has excellent stability against scattering and outflow of the water-repellent particles. It has the function of having fixability.

As such a protruding structure, for example, a structure obtained by subjecting at least the surface of the fibrous structure to an embossing process or a wrinkling process is used.

As the loop structure, for example,
Loop piles (long fibers, short fibers) are randomly gathered, and a sheet-like material in which each loop is joined is joined to the nonwoven fabric, or a sheet-like material obtained by pressing the loop aggregate is joined to the nonwoven fabric. And those obtained by depositing and fusing a melt-extruded linear polymer on the nonwoven fabric, and further forming a loop pile by directly tufting fibers onto the nonwoven fabric.

Examples of the hairy structure include: a non-woven fabric obtained by raising the surface of the non-woven fabric; a non-woven fabric obtained by tufting the cut non-woven fabric to form raised hair; It refers to a product obtained by laminating another brushed product, a flocked product, a raised fabric, particularly a carpet-like material, artificial turf, and a felt-like material on the nonwoven fabric.

Among these surface structures, those in which a pile for artificial turf is planted, and those in which the artificial turf is laminated on the fibrous structure, are preferred. In the case of such a laminate, a water-permeable artificial turf is preferably used as the artificial turf in terms of air permeability and water permeability.

In order to maintain the light-shielding rate of the fibrous structure, for example, in the case of tufting, a hole is formed, and it is necessary to close the hole with a backing agent.
However, at the time of such backing, the backing process must be performed while taking into consideration the water permeability and air permeability that are reduced by the backing. That is, as the backing agent, a dark or dark colorant, particularly a black colorant, is contained so that the backing process is partially performed, for example, only the ridge of the tufting portion is processed while maintaining the light blocking ratio. Is preferred.

Among the fiber structures described above, JIS A-
Permeability measured according to 1218 is 1 × 10 ^-3 cm / sec
Those satisfying the above requirements are preferable from the viewpoint of plant cultivation function. Further, in addition to such water permeability, it is preferable that the air permeability and the light shielding property are also excellent. In particular, as a whole fiber structure (including a single sheet and a laminate), the light shielding rate is 80% or more, and Those which satisfy the requirement that the air permeability measured by JIS L-1096 (Method A) is 10 to 50 cc / cm ² / sec are preferred. Since the sheet having such water permeability and air permeability, light shielding properties, weed propagation is prevented,
The target plants, such as ornamental trees and flowers, can be provided with the necessary air and moisture.

The length or bulk of the projections, loops and hairs of such a fibrous structure is preferably at most 50 mm, more preferably 1 to 30 mm, particularly preferably 5 to 20 mm. In particular, when artificial grass is used, it depends on how thick the soil and the water-repellent mineral base material are laminated on the fibrous structure. Of course, the hiding effect is related to the glossiness described above, and is ultimately evaluated by the glossiness.

That is, the fiber structure of the present invention is JIS L-
A glossiness (light diffuse reflectance) in a 30-degree direction measured by a glossiness test according to 1096 is 30% or less, preferably 20% or less.
% Or less, more preferably 10% or less, but by controlling the gloss to such a low level, it is possible to control the reflected light that enters the eyes of the sun or light, Since the amount of reflected light is extremely low with respect to the amount of surrounding reflected light, for example, in the case of a water-permeable weed-proof structure in which the fibrous structure is laid on the surface of a median strip of a highway, the traveling line is clear. This provides a remarkable sense of security in driving safely on roadways, especially on highways. Further, such a fiber structure of the present invention,
Since it is possible to use a dye dyed in a hue suitable for the environment, there is also an advantage that a sheet full of natural feeling can be provided. In particular, if a fiber structure made of a green dyed (colored) material is used, the synergistic effect of the glossiness and the green color provides a very high level of comfort to the eyes, and brings about an effect of significantly reducing eye fatigue. . Such effects are:
In particular, when a structure such as artificial turf is used, the number is further increased.

Further, such a fiber structure having a low gloss exhibits a function of remarkably controlling scattering and outflow when the water-repellent mineral base material is sprayed and laminated thereon, and has excellent stable fixability. Have. For example, as the fibrous structure, when the water-repellent mineral base material is sprayed and laminated on an artificial turf containing sand, the glossiness is further reduced and a natural feeling is significantly improved. it can.

Further, a water-repellent substance,
It is also preferable to include at least one of agents such as herbicides, fungicides, insect repellents, and fragrances. The water-repellent substance is
What is mentioned later can be used, and as a herbicide, a fungicide, an insect repellent, an aromatic agent, etc., those which are generally commercially available can be used.

These agents can be incorporated as fibers constituting the fibrous structure by kneading or resin processing. For example, a fiber obtained by directly kneading a fiber-forming resin and using a spun fiber may be used, but a resin containing such an agent is attached to the fiber surface, or the resin is processed and attached to the fiber structure surface. May be used.

In the case where the fiber structure of the present invention is disposed on the surface of soil, it is necessary to take measures against littering of tobacco. This can be solved by using fibers or fibers that have undergone flame-retardant processing.

As the fiber structure of the present invention, a fiber structure provided with an opening mechanism for growing trees as necessary is preferably used. As such an opening mechanism, one having a structure such as a hole or a key type, a cross type or a combination thereof is preferably adopted. Since these mechanisms are used when necessary, a closed one is usually used.

The fiber structure of the present invention preferably has a high light-shielding rate of 80% or more, but preferably has a ventilation rate of 10 to 10.
50 cc / cm ² / sec, more preferably 15 to 30 cc / cm
² / sec, and preferably has a water permeability of 1 × 10
^-3 cm / sec or more, more preferably 1 × 10 ^{-2 to} 7 × 10
^{A value of -2} cm / sec is good. From the viewpoint of the weed control function, it is particularly preferable that the light shielding ratio is 90 to 95%, and that the light shielding ratio is
cm ² / sec ventilation rate and 1 × 10 ^{-2 to} 5 × 10 ^-2 cm /
Those with a permeability of sec are used.

Next, the water-permeable and water-impermeable granules of the present invention will be described. The term "granular material" as used herein means a granular material, and any material such as metal, glass, wood, and synthetic resin may be used. A porous substrate is preferably used. The mineral base material is preferably at least one selected from sand, soil, incineration ash of household dust and sludge.
Seeds can be used. That is, any substance that constitutes soil, that is, an inorganic substance, can be preferably used as a base material. Sludge (including sludge) is used after being dried, but incineration ash or the like may be used as it is, or may be solidified to an appropriate size before use. Such a water-repellent material is suitably used for a water-permeable grass-proof structure.

The present invention is characterized in that the water-permeable and water-repellent particles having a water-repellent substance fixed to the surface of such a particle (for example, a mineral base material) are used in combination with the above-mentioned fiber structure. Things.

That is, a feature of the present invention is that a water-permeable and water-repellent granular material having a water-permeability of 1 × 10 ⁻³ cm / sec or more, preferably 1 × 10 ⁻² cm / sec when laminated with a thickness of 5 cm is used. It is important to use. The water permeability is measured according to JIS A-1218. At this time, the thickness of the layer of the water-repellent granular material is specified as 5 cm, and the water permeability is measured. When the layer of the water-repellent granular material having such a water permeability, is excellent in the function of preventing weed propagation, but is gentle to the plant of the cultivation target,
It is possible to construct a water-permeable and herbicidal structure excellent in the function of providing moisture and nutrition.

The larger the particle size of the particles constituting the water-permeable and water-repellent granular material layer is, the more excellent the water permeability can be obtained. However, if the particle size is too large, the function of straining weed seed spores is lost. Eventually, the result of allowing the propagation of weeds is caused, and the permeability and the seeds are determined by the balance between the straining function of the spores.In any case, the water-permeable and water-repellent granular material layer of the present invention is It is important to have the above-mentioned water permeability. For example, even if a mixture of large particles and small particles is used, as long as it has a water permeability of 1 × 10 ⁻³ cm / sec or more, Although not particularly limited to the particle size, for example, the average particle size is preferably 1 to 5
A thickness of 0 mm, more preferably 2 to 20 mm, may be easy to use from the viewpoint of water permeability. Such a water-permeability function cannot be achieved by a water-repellent granular material formed by a conventional water-repellent substance by an impregnation method. The water-repellent granular material obtained by such an impregnation method has a property that a water-repellent substance penetrates to the core of the granular material and is strongly integrated, and it is difficult to pulverize, and the particle size cannot be adjusted. On the other hand, the water-permeable and water-repellent granules of the present invention can be freely pulverized and have the pulverizing properties of raw materials before processing. This has the advantage that it can be adjusted to

In the present invention, the water permeability is 1 × 10
^The water-impermeable, water-repellent particulate layer having a speed of less than ^-3 cm / sec, preferably 1 × 10 ^-4 cm / sec or less has a function of retaining moisture and nutrients sucked into the base soil. ,
Therefore, it is preferable that such a water-impermeable and water-repellent granular material layer is laid at a position at an appropriate depth in the base soil, for example, at a position where the root of a target plant to be cultivated breeds.
For the holding function, the water-impermeable and water-repellent granules are laid in an appropriate thickness, that is, a thickness that can be used as a water-blocking layer, preferably 5 cm or more, more preferably 7 cm or more.

The granular material constituting such a water-impermeable and water-repellent granular material has a smaller particle size than that of the above-described water-permeable and water-repellent granular material. Those which are not easily obtainable, preferably those having 5 mm or less, more preferably less than 1 mm, may have excellent performance. The non-water-permeable and water-repellent granular material includes, in addition to the above-mentioned particle size, a granular material, for example, a material obtained by applying a water-repellent substance to a mineral base material and coating and fixing the same, for example, JP-A-6-206755. The soil improving material proposed in the gazette is preferable because it easily provides a material having high water repellency and no water permeability. In addition, the water-impermeable and water-repellent granular material layer of the present invention need not be water-permeable in short, and therefore,
Fine particles having a small particle size such as clay may be used, or a mixture of those having a small particle size, that is, a mixture of large particles and small particles may be used. That is, it is not limited to such a particle size, and as a result, 1 × 10 ⁻³ cm / sec.
What is necessary is just a thing with a small permeability coefficient of less than.

The water-permeable and water-repellent granular material (mineral base material) of the present invention has a function of cutting water necessary for growing weed seeds and spores, and a function of cutting water necessary for growing a target flower or tree. Has a function of allowing water permeation, and such a function is preferably exerted by dispersing, distributing and fixing the fine water-repellent substance on the surface of the granular material (mineral base material). Such a water-repellent granular material has a small adhesion area of the water-repellent substance, and has an appropriately controlled water-repellency.
Since the water-repellent substance is hardly peeled off and is excellent in durability because it is fixed mainly to the concave portion of the uneven portion on the surface of the base material, the durable water-permeable and grass-proof structure is also provided. Can be provided.

In addition to the particle size, the water-repellent granular material having excellent water permeability is preferably adhered to the surface of the granular material at a rate of at least 10 particles / cm ² . That is, the water-repellent material is dispersed, distributed, and adhered. One area punctate of water-repellent material at this time is smaller, preferably from the top of the balance between water permeability and water repellency, and peeling durability, 1 cm ² per the granules surface, preferably It is good to have at least 50. More preferably in the following water-repellent substances maximum diameter 1 mm, more preferably it may be from those having a surface area of 0.001~0.5mm ^2. Looking at this in terms of the area ratio of the water-repellent substance to the total surface area of the particulate matter, it is preferably 0.1 to 10
%, More preferably in the range of 0.5 to 5%. Further, in this area ratio, 90% or more of the dot-like objects having a small area of 1 mm or less in maximum diameter occupy 90% or more, so that the balance between water permeability and water repellency and the weed control in the water-permeable weed-proof structure can be improved. What is balanced with gender can be provided. In order to further improve this, the water-repellent substance having an area of 1 to 0.5 mm ² or less is preferably distributed at least 100, more preferably 200 or more per cm ² of the substrate. Good.

The water-repellent substance used in the present invention is at least one selected from a fluorine compound and a silicon compound, and the latter is preferably used from the viewpoint of controlled water permeability and durability. .

Examples of the fluorine-based compound include polytetrafluoroethylene-based compounds, and poly (meth) acrylate-based polymer compounds having a fluorocarbon group such as perfluoroalkyl or perfluoroalkenyl allyl ether in the side chain. For example, a fluorinated polymer or copolymer having a chain represented by the following general formula can be used.

[0045]

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[0046]

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[0047]

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Examples of the silicon compound include polydimethylsiloxanes having a terminal silanol group, polymethylphenylsiloxanes, polymethylvinylsiloxanes, and other non-alkyl, polyalkenyl, or polyarylsiloxanes, methylhydrogenpolysiloxanes, and copolymers thereof. A polymer or the like can be used.

The fluorine-based compound and the silicon-based compound may be cured by further blending a curing agent or a crosslinking agent. Durability can be further improved by such curing. As such a curing agent and a crosslinking agent, for example, a silicone resin curing agent, a silane coupling agent, various metal alcoholates, various metal chelate compounds,
Isocyanate compounds, melamine resins, polyfunctional acrylic resins, urea resins and the like can be used. Of course, a polyfunctional silicon compound or a polyfunctional fluorine compound can be used in combination.

As described above, the water-permeable and water-repellent granular material of the present invention can be produced by using a dispersion of the water-repellent substance and spraying the dispersion onto the granular material. At this time, there is a technical point in the dispersion of the water-repellent substance. That is, by making the dispersion of the water-repellent substance sufficiently fine, it is possible to achieve finer point-like adhesion when sprayed.
Of course, the smaller the size of one drop of spray, the better,
If possible, it is better to spray in a mist.

By combining such a water-permeable and water-repellent particulate with a fibrous structure and laying it in a layer on at least the surface of the target place, the water-permeable and herbicidal structure of the present invention can be formed. The water-permeable and water-repellent granules are preferably laid so that weed seeds and spores can be stopped, preferably at least 5 cm, more preferably at least 7 cm. Therefore, in a very thin layer, the effect of the fiber structure is greatly reflected, and the seeds and spores of the weeds adhere to the fiber structure that is difficult to evaporate water directly, and the weeds grow and propagate there, so it is as thick as possible. Lamination is preferred. That is,
Seeds and spores of weeds of weeds are layers of the water-repellent granular material, and even if stopped, since this layer has water permeability, it will permeate or evaporate, so that seeds and spores grow. Water does not exist for a long time.

Granules used in such a water-permeable and herbicidal structure are, as described above, sand, soil, incinerated ash and sludge of household exhaust dust, and the like. It has a shape having. By the way, as a method of attaching the water-repellent substance to the granular material in a dot-like manner, specifically, after filling an appropriate amount of the granular material in a tumbler-type cylindrical housing, the housing is rotated to cool the granular material to a ceiling. A water-repellent substance in the form of a mist is applied by spraying the emulsion-like dispersion of the water-repellent substance into a mist, and in this case, the granular material is dropped. Until it is lifted to the rear ceiling, it is rotating while rolling on the housing wall.
Therefore, if the point-like water-repellent substance attached at the time of falling is attached to the convex part, it is very likely that the substance will peel off and fall off while rolling, whereas the one attached to the concave part is Less susceptible to rolling and collision. Therefore, the water-repellent material obtained by this method has a feature that the point-like water-repellent substance mainly adheres to the concave portion on the surface of the granular material, and the durability is improved accordingly.

Next, the water-permeable weed control structure of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The example of FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a water-permeable weed-proof structure of the present invention. First, a fibrous structure 1 is laid on a base 3, and a water-permeable and water-repellent granular material 2 is sprayed thereon. It has a layered shape. As shown in this figure, tree 4
Is present in the weed control area, the water permeable weed control structure is laid in a part of the tree 4 excluding the root part, that is, a hole is provided in the fiber structure 1 of the tree 4 part. I just need. In any case, the basic structure of the water-permeable weed control structure of the present invention is the structure shown in FIG. Such a water-permeable and grass-proof structure may be further modified, for example, another soil structure, for example, a water-permeable and water-repellent granular material layer may be provided between the base 3 and the fibrous structure 1. A normal soil layer 5 may be further laid on the aqueous granular material layer 2, and a water-permeable and water-repellent granular material layer may be provided thereon, or the normal soil layer 5 may be further provided on the fibrous structure 1. It may be laid, and a water-permeable and water-repellent granular material layer may be laid thereon. In short, the structure in which the water-permeable and water-repellent granular material layer is located on the outermost surface layer is excellent in the weed control effect.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the water-permeable and water-repellent structure of the present invention. First, a water-permeable and water-repellent granular material layer 2 is formed on a base 3, and fibers are formed thereon. It has a structure in which the structure 1 is laid. The structure shown in FIG. 1 is reversed.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing an example of the water-permeable and water-repellent granular material of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which the masa soil manufactured in Example 1 is used as the granular material 6 and the water-repellent substance 7 adheres to the surface thereof. This figure exemplifies a state in which the water-repellent substance 7 is attached to mainly concave portions (including wrinkles and cracks) on the surface of the granular material 6. In the figure, both circles and dots mean the water-repellent substance 7.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the water-permeable and grass-proof structure of the present invention. In this example, an artificial grass is laid as the fibrous structure 1, and the water-permeable and water-repellent structure is placed thereon. The water-based granular material 2 is sprayed and laminated to give a sand-like artificial turf-like structure. This water-permeable grass-repellent structure has excellent durability without movement and scattering of the water-permeable water-repellent granular material 2 due to external force.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the water-permeable and herbicidal structure of the present invention. In this example, the fibrous structure 1 is placed on a normal soil base 3, and The target plant cultivation type in which the water-permeable and water-repellent granules 2 are sprayed and laminated thereon, and the fibrous structure 1 and the non-water-permeable and water-repellent granules 8 are further spread and laminated thereon as the lower layer of the base soil 3 It has a structure. This water-permeable weed-proof structure eliminates weeds, but has water-permeability that is dropped on the cultivation of the target plant, and has a non-water-permeable water-repellent granular material on the fiber structure below the base soil 3. This is an excellent soil structure having a function of retaining moisture absorbed by the soil by the material layer 8. In addition, this water-impermeable and water-repellent granular material layer 8 may be a layer formed alone without using the fibrous structure.

[0058]

The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to examples. Example 1 Masa soil was sieved to a particle size of about 5 mm,
It is dried at 80 ° C. to give a dry soil with a water content reduced to 4% by weight.

Next, 3 cc of dimethylpolysiloxane is added to 1 liter of water and stirred with a mixer to form a microdispersion. The dry soil is dropped from above, and the micro-dispersion sprayed in the form of mist is applied to the falling dry soil. The same dry soil is repeatedly dropped at least five times to apply the dispersion. The application of this dispersion to the dry soil is carried out in a closed housing, during which the temperature is first raised to 80 ° C. and the application is continued while drying, followed by firing at 250 ° C. in the latter half of the application. Raise the temperature to the condition. After firing at 250 ° C. for 5 minutes, the treated water-repellent soil is removed.

This water-repellent soil was treated with an electron microscope (50 ×, 2
(× 50), the particles of dimethylpolysiloxane distributed per 1 cm ² are shown below. 0.175 mm diameter: 0.0240 mm ² : 5 pieces 0.105 mm diameter: 0.0087 mm ² : 14 pieces 0.055 mm diameter: 0.0024 mm ² : 210 pieces Total area occupied by dimethylpolysiloxane = 0.746 mm
² = 0.75% This water-permeable and water-repellent soil has a density of 8 × 10 ⁻³ cm /
It had a hydraulic conductivity of sec.

Next, a polyethylene terephthalate containing 0.4% of carbon black is melt-spun at 290 ° C. onto a net conveyor of a wire mesh to collect a black nonwoven long-fiber nonwoven web, and a melting point of the non-woven web constituting the web is determined. About 30 ° C
A low-melting fiber was mixed and pressed and bonded with an embossing roll at 230 ° C. at a linear pressure of 20 kg / cm.
A base fabric composed of a black long-fiber nonwoven fabric sheet having an m ² and a thickness of 0.5 mm was obtained.

Next, three monofilaments having a flat cross section of 600 denier of the original polypropylene containing a green pigment were aligned and twisted at a rate of 100 turns / m.
To set pile yarn.

The pile yarn was tufted on the above-mentioned base cloth under conditions rougher than a usual method, and cut into piles to prepare artificial grass. The tufting conditions at this time were a pile gauge (planting interval) of 5/8 inch, a stitch (number of pieces to be planted) 4 / inch, and a pile length after flocking of 25 mm. Next, SBR latex is used to deposit 120
0 g / m ² and comprising as the back side of the stitch muscle only subjected to backing processed into a stripe shape on a rotary screen, 1
The fiber structure was dried in a heating furnace at 30 ° C. This fiber structure had a penetration resistance of 13 kg, a light blocking ratio of 100%, and a water permeability of 2 × 10 ⁻² cm / sec.

Next, a 2 mx 2 m sheet of the fibrous structure was laid on a vacant lot which had been previously weeded and leveled, and 28 kg / m ² of water-repellent and water-repellent granules were sprayed thereon. The artificial turf was filled so that a leaf tip of 2 mm remained.

The resulting water-permeable and herbicidal structure had a surface layer composed of green leaves and water-permeable and water-repellent granules, and had a low glossiness (light diffuse reflectance) of 15%. When the strength of the base fabric of the fibrous structure was measured one year after the laying, no decrease in strength was observed.

Comparative Example 1 The black long-fiber nonwoven fabric (conventional grass-proof sheet) obtained in Example 1 had a penetration resistance of 13 kg, a light blocking ratio of 100%, and a water permeability of 2
× 10 ⁻² cm / sec, the same as Example 1, but the glossiness (light diffuse reflectance) was as high as 35%. Also, one year after the installation, the strength of the base fabric of the fiber structure was 20% of the initial strength.
Only survived and easily torn by hand.

When the weed control performance was observed one year later, Comparative Example 1 showed tearing due to aging, and several weeds grew in that part. No single grass grew in the area of the water-permeable weed control structure.

Examples 2 and 3 Masa soil was sieved to a particle size of 5 to 10 mm and dried at 180 ° C. to obtain a dried soil having a water content reduced to 4% by weight.

Next, 3 cc of dimethylpolysiloxane is added to 1 liter of water, and the mixture is stirred with a mixer to form a dispersion. The dispersion is continuously stirred until it becomes a microdispersion (Example 2).

In Example 1, 3 parts of a silane coupling agent was added to 97 parts of the dispersion, and the mixture was stirred (Example 3).

These two dispersions are separately treated in the following manner in a batch system. That is, the same dry soil is repeatedly dropped at least 5 times to apply the dispersion by dropping the dry soil from above and applying the emulsion dispersion sprayed in the form of a mist to the falling dry soil. I do. The application of this dispersion to the dry soil is carried out in a closed housing, during which the temperature is first raised to 80 ° C. and the application is continued while drying, followed by firing at 250 ° C. in the latter half of the application. Raise the temperature to the condition. After baking at 250 ° C. for 5 minutes, the treated water repellent soil is taken out.

The water repellent soil of Example 2 was treated with an electron microscope (50
2x, 250x)^TwoDistribution around
The dimethylpolysiloxane particles thus obtained are shown below. 0.188mm diameter: 0.0277mm^Two: 3 pieces 0.125mm diameter: 0.0123mm^Two: 13 pieces 0.063mm diameter: 0.0031mm^Two: 200 pieces Total area occupied by dimethylpolysiloxane = 0.863 mm
^Two= 0.86% The permeability of these water-repellent soils was measured.
However, in Examples 2 and 3, 2 × 10 ^-2Met.

The surface of the water-permeable weed-proof structure comprising the combination of the water-permeable water-repellent soil and the artificial turf of Example 1 was removed in the middle of a 4 m ² area in the middle of the target area where weeds well bred. The grass sheet of Example 1 is laid under each half, and two types of water-permeable and water-repellent soils are respectively scattered and filled in the same manner as in Example 1 to a thickness of 5 cm. It was laid to form a water-permeable weed-proof structure. Drill a hole in the center of the water-permeable weed-proof structure, and place 1 cedar seedling there.
This tree was planted. For comparison, the weeds were left to the same size next to them.

As a result, three months later, when the target land was observed, it was found that the weeds were densely grown in the comparison target land, but one grass was found in any of the areas of the water-permeable weed control structures. And the cedar was growing well.

Example 4 In Example 1, 5 parts by weight of a polytetrafluoroethylene resin and 95 parts by weight of water were used as water-repellent substances until a dispersant (alkylallyl polyether alcohol) was dispersed in a microdispersion state until the dispersion became possible. ) Was performed in the same manner as in Example 2 except that) was added. Observation of the water repellency and durability of the water-repellent masa soil revealed that it was excellent as in Example 1.

The water repellent soil of Example 4 was treated with an electron microscope (50
(250 times), the dimethylpolysiloxane particles distributed per 1 cm ² are shown below. 0.190 mm diameter: 4 pieces 0.127 mm diameter: 15 pieces 0.070 mm diameter: 250 pieces The water repellency of this water-repellent soil was measured to be 5 × 10 ^−3.
Met.

By combining the water-repellent soil with the base cloth of Example 1, the water-permeable weed-proof structure is weeded in the area of 4 m ² in the middle of the target area where weeds have bred well, and the base cloth is laid first. Then, a water-permeable and water-repellent soil was sprayed and filled on the surface in the same manner as in Example 1, spread to a thickness of 5 cm to form a water-permeable and herbicidal structure, and a cedar seedling was planted in the middle.

As a result, three months later, when the target land was observed, weeds grew densely in the comparison target land, whereas one grass grew in the region of the water-permeable weed-proof structure. I didn't. The cedar was growing fine.

Examples 5 to 7 Using the base fabric prepared in Example 1, the following three kinds of green pigment-laminated fiber structures were point-adhered and laminated. The nonwoven fabric coverage of all the grass sheets was 100%. A: It is made of an elastomer fibrous material having a diameter of 1 mm and has a thickness of 7
mm three-dimensional entangled sheet (gloss = 23: Example 5). B: Raised product of a 2 mm thick melt blown nonwoven fabric made of polyethylene terephthalate fiber having an average fineness of 2d (average raised length = 7 mm, gloss = 20: Example 6). C: Tricot brushed product made of nylon 66 fiber having a single yarn fineness of 3d (brush length = 3 mm, gloss = 24: Example 7).

As a result, the lower the gloss, the lower the light reflection, and the gloss showed a tendency that the finer and the shorter the nap, the lower the light reflectance as the rough and long nap. Further, in the three-dimensional entangled fiber structure, the glossiness was not so small despite the fact that the plane was formed by the fibers or the voids were large, but any of the fiber structures was the same as in Examples 1 to 3. Although inferior to artificial turf, when the water-repellent and water-repellent granules of Example 2 were sprayed on them, respectively, as compared with Comparative Example 1, all showed excellent water permeability and herbicidal properties.

Example 8 A loop pile having a pile length of 20 mm was planted on the base fabric of Example 1, and a carpet-like sheet was formed by backing in the same manner as in Example 2. Although the glossiness of this sheet was 18 which was slightly inferior to that of the artificial turf-like one, when the water-permeable and water-repellent granules of Example 2 were sprayed thereon,
Compared to Comparative Example 1, it showed excellent water permeability and herbicidal properties.

Example 9 In Example 1, an artificial turf in which an insect repellent (piperonyl butoxide) and a fungicide (pyrithione-based fungicide) were mixed with the base cloth and the backing material was used.
Even when left in an atmosphere of 5 ° C. and 90% RH for 3 days, there was no generation of mold and no discoloration. When the water-permeable and water-repellent granular material of Example 2 was sprayed on this artificial turf,
As in Example 8, excellent water permeability and herbicidal properties were exhibited.

Example 10 In Example 1, a pile, a base fabric and a backing material each containing a flame retardant were used. An experiment was conducted by littering the cigarette which had been smoked to a half on the grass sheet. As a result, the turf near the lit cigarette was deformed by heat, but was extinguished after a while. When the water-repellent water-repellent granular material of Example 2 was sprayed on this artificial turf, it showed excellent water-permeability and grass-proofing properties as in Example 8.

Example 11 The same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out except that the particle size was reduced to 5 to 7 mm by a sieve.
Two kinds of water-permeable and water-repellent granules were produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that two kinds of masa earth of 0 to 30 mm were used.

When the water permeability of the water-repellent granular material was measured, the former was 1 × 10 ⁻² and the latter was 9 × 10 ⁻² cm / cm ^2.
It had a hydraulic conductivity of sec.

Using these water-permeable and water-repellent granules, a water-permeable and grass-proof structure having the structure shown in FIG. 5 was produced. First of all, the base of the vacant land was dug up to a depth of 1 m, and a non-woven fabric made of polyester fiber having a penetration resistance of 13 kg, a light shielding rate of 100%, and a water permeability of 5 × 10 ^-2 cm / sec was laid on the bottom, and 1 liter was placed thereon. Immersed in a bath prepared by dissolving 30 cc of dimethylpolysiloxane in a solvent of dimethylpolysiloxane and applying a masa earth having a particle size of less than 1 mm to form a coating-type non-water-permeable granular layer, and then dug it over it The same nonwoven fabric as the one laid on the bottom was laid again after the base soil was put on the ground, and a layer of water-repellent water-repellent granular material having a small particle size was formed as a first layer on the lower side, and a second layer was further formed thereon. Layers of water-permeable and water-repellent granular material having a large particle size
It was formed to a thickness of cm. A hole was made in the center of this water-permeable weed-proof structure, and cherry blossom seedlings were planted there and observed one year later. The cherry blossoms grew vigorously, but there was also a single weed around it. However, weeds were densely located in places other than the water-permeable weed-proof structure. In addition, it was confirmed that the base soil was dug again and contained water more than twice as much as the soil in places other than the water-permeable and herbicidal structure.

[0087]

According to the present invention, since it has both a water permeability function and a weed breeding prevention function, it is excellent in water permeability due to rainfall and water sprinkling, and is used for trees and trees in parks and gardens and trees in golf courses. It can sufficiently support breeding and growth, and can provide a permeable and herbicidal structure that is friendly to target plants and trees, while eliminating weeds.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a water-permeable weed-proof structure of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the water-permeable weed-proof structure of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing an example of the water-repellent granular material of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing another example of the water-permeable weed-proof structure of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the water-permeable weed-proof structure of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1: Fiber structure (weedproof sheet) 2: Water-permeable and water-repellent granular material layer 3: Base 4: Tree 5: Normal soil 6: Granular material 7: Water-repellent material 8: Non-water-permeable water-repellent granular material layer

Claims (25)

[Claims] 1. A water permeability coefficient of 1 × 1 when laminated with a thickness of 5 cm.
0 ^-3 cm / and sec or more in a permeability repellent granules, water-permeable weed structure characterized by penetration resistance is laminated structure of the fiber structure is not less than 1Kg. 2. A water permeability coefficient of 1 × 1 when laminated with a thickness of 5 cm.
0 ^-3 and a layer of cm / sec or more in a permeability water-repellent granular material, a layer of translucent water coefficient 1 × 10 ^-3 is less than cm / sec water impermeable water repellent granular materials, penetration resistance is higher 1Kg And a four-layer laminated structure of a fibrous structure and a base soil. 3. The water-permeable and grass-repellent structure according to claim 1, wherein the water-permeable and water-repellent granular material has at least 10 water-repellent substances per 1 cm ² fixed on its surface. 4. The water-permeable and water-repellent granular material is obtained by spraying the water-repellent substance onto a surface of the granular material and dispersing and fixing the same.
Or a water-permeable weed-proof structure according to 2 above. 5. The water-permeable and herbicidal structure according to claim 2, wherein said water-impermeable and water-repellent granular material has a surface coated with a water-repellent substance. 6. The water-permeable and grass-repellent structure according to claim 1, wherein the laminated structure is a structure in which the water-permeable and water-repellent granular material is laminated on at least one selected from above and below the fibrous structure. 7. The water-permeable and herbicidal structure according to claim 1, wherein the fiber structure has a water permeability of 1 × 10 ⁻³ cm / sec or more. 8. The fibrous structure having a light blocking ratio of 80% or more,
3. The water-permeable and herbicidal structure according to claim 1, wherein the air permeability is 10 to 50 cc / cm ² / sec. 9. The water-permeable and herbicidal structure according to claim 1, wherein the fibrous structure is at least one sheet-like material selected from a nonwoven fabric, a woven or knitted fabric, and a mesh-like material. 10. The water-permeable and herbicidal structure according to claim 9, wherein the fibrous structure is a nonwoven fabric or a sheet-like material comprising the same and a mesh-like material. 11. The water-permeable weed-proof structure according to claim 9, wherein the nonwoven fabric is made of fused or bonded synthetic fibers. 12. The water-permeable and herbicidal structure according to claim 1, wherein the fiber structure is made of fibers having an average fineness of 1 to 15 denier. 13. The fiber structure has a basis weight of 100 to 500 g.
The water-permeable weed preventive structure according to claim 1 or 2, which is in the range of / m ² . 14. The water-permeable weed-proof structure according to claim 9, wherein the nonwoven fabric has a fiber density of 0.2 g / cm ³ or more. 15. The water-permeable and herbicidal structure according to claim 1, wherein the fibrous structure has a penetration resistance in the range of 3 to 200 kg. 16. The water-permeable herbicidal structure according to claim 1, wherein the fibrous structure contains at least one of a coloring agent, a herbicide, a fungicide, an insect repellent, and a fragrance. 17. The water-permeable and herbicidal structure according to claim 1, wherein the fibrous structure has at least one kind of surface structure selected from a protrusion-like structure, a loop-like structure, and a hair-like structure. . 18. The water-permeable and herbicidal structure according to claim 1, wherein the fibrous structure is a laminate with artificial turf. 19. The water-permeable and water-repellent granules and the non-water-permeable and water-repellent granules are at least one mineral base material selected from sand, soil, incineration ash of household exhaust dust and sludge. 2. The water-permeable weed preventive structure according to 1. 20. Particles constituting the layer of the water-permeable and water-repellent granular material have a particle diameter larger than the particle diameter of the particle constituting the layer of the water-impermeable and water-repellent granular material. The water-permeable weed-proof structure according to claim 2. 21. The water-permeable and herbicidal structure according to claim 3, wherein the water-repellent substance is at least one selected from a fluorine compound and a silicon compound. 22. The water-permeable weed-proof structure according to claim 21, wherein the water-repellent substance is cross-linked or cured. 23. The water-permeable and herbicidal structure according to claim 21, wherein the silicon compound is dimethylpolysiloxane. 24. The water-permeable and water-repellent granular material has at least 5 particles.
The water-permeable weed-proof structure according to claim 1 or 2, which is laminated to a thickness of cm. 25. The water-permeable and grass-repellent structure, wherein the fibrous structure is laid under the water-permeable and water-repellent granular material layer, a base soil layer is disposed under the fibrous structure, and 3. The water-permeable weed-proof structure according to claim 2, further comprising a water-impervious layer made of non-water-permeable water-repellent granules.