JPH1173181A - Automatic playing device and automatic playing method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an automatic playing device capable of automatically playing musics with the musical characteristics intrinsic to each piece of musics in spite of having a small amount of playing data, and an automatic playing method therefor. SOLUTION: This automatic playing device has a playing data memory 17, which stores plural pieces of first playing data comprising the data corresponding to a part (key number, step time and gate time) of the note data used for generating one tone and second playing data comprising the data corresponding to the other part (velocity) of the note data, an input port 23 for assigning one among plural pieces of the second playing data stored in the second memory means and a playing tone generating means which generates the playing tones based on the first playing data stored in the playing data memory 17 and the second playing data assigned by this input port 23.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic performance apparatus and an automatic performance method for automatically performing a performance, and more particularly to a technique for reducing the amount of performance data used for an automatic performance.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Recent electronic keyboards, electronic organs,
Electronic musical instruments such as electronic pianos have an automatic performance function. The automatic performance function includes, for example, demonstration performance, automatic accompaniment, and the like. Here, the demonstration performance means that, for example, the automatic performance data stored in the automatic performance data memory is sequentially read out, and the predetermined music is automatically performed by generating a musical tone based on the read out automatic performance data. That means. Also,
Automatic accompaniment means, for example, sequentially reading out automatic accompaniment data stored in an automatic accompaniment data memory and automatically generating an accompaniment sound based on the read out automatic accompaniment data and information from a keyboard device. .

By the way, automatic performance data is composed of performance data for one song, while automatic accompaniment data is composed of performance data for several measures. However,
The automatic performance data and the automatic accompaniment data are the same in that they are created by a plurality of note data of the same format, and these two data are processed in substantially the same manner. Therefore, in the following, performance data used for automatic performance and automatic accompaniment is simply referred to as “performance data”.

[0004] Performance data is composed of a plurality of note data and one end data (END data) as shown in FIG. Each note data is composed of, for example, 4 bytes, and each byte includes a “key number”,
“Step time”, “gate time”, and “velocity” are assigned. The key number is used to indicate the pitch. The step time is used to specify a sound generation time. The gate time is used to specify the length of the sound. Velocity is used to specify the strength of pronunciation. The end data is composed of, for example, 2 bytes, and each byte has an “end mark”.
And "step time" are assigned. The end mark is composed of a special code, and is used to indicate the end of performance data of one music piece.

Such a conventional automatic performance device includes a performance data memory constituted by, for example, a read-only memory (hereinafter referred to as "ROM"). The performance data memory stores performance data for each song or each rhythm type. Then, when the user selects a song or rhythm and starts automatic performance or automatic accompaniment, the control unit of the automatic performance device reads performance data corresponding to the selected song or rhythm from the performance data memory and supplies it to the sound source. I do. The sound source generates a tone signal based on the received performance data. This tone signal is supplied to, for example, a speaker, and is converted into an acoustic signal by the speaker.

[0006]

The sound sources of electronic musical instruments have their own electrical characteristics.
Therefore, the musical characteristics of the sound generated based on one piece of performance data often differ for each sound source. For example, when an automatic performance is performed by supplying predetermined performance data to a certain sound source, a musical tone is generated with a preferable volume balance. However, the automatic performance is performed by supplying the performance data to another sound source. In such a case, a situation in which the volume balance is deteriorated often occurs.

[0007] On the other hand, a performance data provider (for example, a maker) has a demand that one tune can be generated by a plurality of sound sources. In order to meet such a demand, the conventional automatic performance device has a plurality of performance data suitable for various sound sources. For example, in order to obtain a suitable volume balance for each sound source, a plurality of pieces of performance data differing only in velocity data in each piece of note data are created, and are provided, for example, stored in one performance data memory. Therefore, there is a problem that the capacity of the performance data memory required for storing the performance data increases.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an automatic performance apparatus and an automatic performance method capable of performing an automatic performance with the original musical characteristics of each music piece despite the small performance data amount.

[0009]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an automatic performance apparatus which corresponds to a part of note data used to generate one sound in order to achieve the above object. First storage means for storing first performance data composed of data, second storage means for storing a plurality of second performance data composed of data corresponding to another part of the note data, Designation means for designating one of a plurality of second performance data stored in the second storage means, and first performance data stored in the first storage means and designation by the designation means Performance sound generating means for generating a performance sound based on the generated second performance data.

In the automatic performance device according to the first aspect of the present invention, the data corresponding to a part of the note data includes a pitch (note number), a note length (gate time), and a sounding time (step time). The musical note data may include data for determining, and the data corresponding to another part of the note data may include data for determining a loudness (velocity) of the note. In this case, for example, a plurality of second performance data having velocity data suitable for each sound source is created, and when performing the automatic performance, if the preferable second performance data is selected by the designation means, the sound volume is balanced. Automatic performance can be performed. By intentionally selecting the second performance data that does not match the sound source by the designating means, it is possible to intentionally perform an automatic performance with an imbalanced sound volume, and the variation of the automatic performance is expanded.

As a part of the note data constituting the first performance data, for example, data representing a key number, a gate time and a velocity are used, and as another part of the note data constituting the second performance data, Step time data can be used. In this case, if a plurality of pieces of second performance data whose step times are slightly shifted are created, it is possible to perform an automatic performance of the same music with different so-called glues.

The automatic performance device according to the second aspect of the present invention stores first performance data constituted by note data used to generate one sound for the same purpose as described above. First storage means, second storage means for storing second performance data constituted by data corresponding to a part of the note data, and second performance data stored in the second storage means A designating means for designating whether or not to use, if there is no designation by the designating means, a performance sound is generated based on the first performance data stored in the first storage means; If there is a part of each note data included in the first performance data stored in the first storage means, a part of each note data included in the second performance data stored in the second storage means Replace with data Performance sound generating means for generating a performance sound based on the first performance data, and a city.

An automatic performance device according to a third aspect of the present invention stores first performance data constituted by note data used to generate one sound for the same purpose as described above. First storage means, second storage means for storing second performance data constituted by data corresponding to a part of the note data, and second performance data stored in the second storage means A designating means for designating whether or not to use, if there is no designation by the designating means, a performance sound is generated based on the first performance data stored in the first storage means; If there is, a part of each note data included in the first performance data stored in the first storage means is replaced by a part of each note data included in the second performance data stored in the second storage means. Data is calculated respectively Performance sound generating means for generating a performance sound based on the first performance data, and a city.

In the automatic performance devices according to the second and third aspects, the note data includes data for determining a pitch, a duration, a sounding time and a loudness, and part of the note data. The corresponding data can be configured to include data for determining the loudness.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in order to attain the above object, the automatic performance method according to the fourth aspect comprises a data structure corresponding to a part of note data used for generating one sound. 1 stores performance data, and is composed of data corresponding to another part of the note data.
A plurality of performance data are stored, one of the stored plurality of second performance data is selected, and a performance is performed based on the selected second performance data and the stored first performance data. It is configured to generate sound.

In this case, the data corresponding to a part of the note data includes data for determining a pitch, a tone length and a sounding time, and the data corresponding to another part of the note data is a sound volume. Can be configured to include data for determining

Further, in the automatic performance method according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, for the same purpose as described above, the first performance data composed of note data used for generating one sound is stored. Storing second performance data constituted by data corresponding to a part of the note data, and specifying whether to use the stored second performance data;
When the designation is not made, a performance sound is generated based on the first performance data. When the designation is made, a part of each note data included in the first performance data is added to the second performance data. A performance sound is generated based on the first performance data replaced with each of the included data.

Further, in the automatic performance method according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, for the same purpose as described above, the first performance data composed of note data used to generate one sound is stored. Storing second performance data constituted by data corresponding to a part of the note data;
If the performance data is used or not, if not specified, a performance sound is generated based on the first performance data,
When the designation is made, a performance sound is generated based on the first performance data in which each data included in the second performance data is calculated for a part of each note data included in the first performance data. It is configured as follows.

In the automatic playing methods according to the fifth and sixth aspects, the note data includes data for determining a pitch, a note length, a sounding time, and a sound volume, and part of the note data. The corresponding data can be configured to include data for determining the loudness.

[0020]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments of an automatic performance apparatus and an automatic performance method according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The automatic performance device according to the present invention can be configured as an independent automatic performance device. However, in the embodiments described below, an automatic performance device incorporated in an electronic musical instrument will be described. Also, the automatic performance device according to the present invention can be applied to a so-called automatic accompaniment device that performs a rhythm performance while developing chords.
Hereinafter, an example in which a predetermined music is simply played will be described.

(Embodiment 1) The automatic performance device according to the first embodiment is composed of one type of first performance data commonly used by the A type and the B type, and separately used by the A type and the B type. And two types of second performance data. The first performance data is composed of a part of note data (key number, step time and gate time), and the second performance data is composed of another part of note data (velocity).

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an electronic musical instrument to which an automatic performance device according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied. In this electronic musical instrument, a CPU 10, a program memory 11, a work memory 12, a panel interface circuit 13, a keyboard interface circuit 15, a performance data memory 17, a waveform memory 18, a sound source 19, and an input port 23 are mutually connected via a system bus 30. It is connected. The system bus 30 includes, for example, an address bus, a data bus, a control signal bus, and the like, and is used for transmitting and receiving data between the above-described elements.

The CPU 10 operates according to a control program stored in the program memory 11. This C
The PU 10 performs various functions of the electronic musical instrument and performs processing for realizing the automatic performance function. This CPU 10
Will be described in detail later with reference to a flowchart.

The program memory 11 is constituted by, for example, a ROM. The program memory 11 stores various fixed data, tone parameters, and the like used by the CPU 10 in addition to the control program described above. The timbre parameter is data used to generate a musical tone (instrument sound) of a predetermined timbre. A plurality of timbre parameters are provided, for example, for each timbre and key range, and each timbre parameter includes, for example, a waveform address, frequency data,
It is composed of envelope data, filter coefficients, and the like. Note that the program memory 11 may be constituted by a random access memory (hereinafter, referred to as “RAM”). In this case, for example, when the power is turned on, a control program, tone parameters, and the like stored in, for example, a floppy disk, an IC card, a CD-ROM, or the like may be loaded into the RAM.

The work memory 12 temporarily stores various data used when the CPU 10 performs various processes. For example, registers, counters, flags, and the like are assigned to the work memory 12. Work memory 1
The assignment content of No. 2 will be described later in detail.

An operation panel 14 is connected to the panel interface circuit 13. The operation panel 14 includes:
For example, as shown in FIG. 2, an automatic performance switch 140, an indicator 141, a music selection switch 142, and a display device 143 are provided. In addition, electronic musical instruments
Usually, in addition to the above, a tone selection switch, a tempo setting switch, a sound effect selection switch, a volume switch, a rhythm selection switch, various indicators and the like are provided,
It is omitted in FIG.

The automatic performance switch 140 is composed of, for example, a push button switch, and is used by the user to control start and stop of the automatic performance. This automatic performance switch 140
Each time is pressed, the electronic musical instrument alternately enters the automatic performance mode and the normal performance mode. The current mode is stored by an automatic performance flag described later, and is displayed on the indicator 141. Indicator 1
41 turns on when the electronic musical instrument is in the automatic performance mode, and turns off when the electronic musical instrument is in the normal performance mode.

The music selection switch 142 includes an up switch 142a and a down switch 142b. Up switch 142a and down switch 142
b is constituted by, for example, a push button switch. The up switch 142a is used to increment the song number, and the down switch 142b is used to decrement the song number. The music number selected by the music selection switch 142 is stored in a music number register described later.

The display device 143 includes an LCD, an LE,
D, CRT or other display device. Various messages are displayed on the display device 143. For example, the above-mentioned song number is displayed on the display device 143, and the displayed content (song number) is the song selection switch 1.
It changes each time 42 is operated.

The panel interface circuit 13 controls transmission and reception of data between the operation panel 14 and the CPU 10. That is, the panel interface circuit 13 includes the CPU 1
Each switch on the operation panel 14 is scanned according to a command from 0. Then, based on a signal indicating the open / closed state of each switch obtained by this scan, panel data is created in which each switch corresponds to one bit. Each bit of the panel data indicates, for example, "1" for switch-on and "0" for switch-off. This panel data is sent to the CPU 10 via the system bus 30. The CPU 10 determines whether an ON event or an OFF event of each switch on the operation panel 14 has occurred based on the panel data.

Further, the panel interface circuit 13 includes:
Display data for displaying characters, numbers, symbols, and the like sent from the CPU 10 is sent to the display device 143, and indicator data is sent to the indicator 141. Thus, a message according to the display data sent from the CPU 10 is displayed on the display device 143, and the indicator 141 is turned on or off.

A keyboard device 16 is connected to the keyboard interface circuit 15. The keyboard device 16 has a plurality of keys for instructing a pitch. The keyboard device 16 uses, for example, a two-contact key. That is, each key of the keyboard device 16 opens and closes in response to key depression or key release.
Key switches. A key switch signal indicating ON / OFF of each key switch is supplied to the keyboard interface circuit 15.

The keyboard interface 15 detects the on / off state of each key and the strength of key touch in response to key press or key release. That is, the keyboard interface 15 is
Key data indicating the on / off state of each key is generated based on the key switch signal. Further, touch data indicating the strength of key touch is generated based on the time difference between ON and OFF of the two key switches. These key data and touch data are sent to the CPU 10. Based on the key data and the touch data, the CPU 10 performs sound generation or mute processing according to key press or key release.

The performance data memory 17 corresponds to the first storage means and the second storage means of the present invention, and is constituted by, for example, a ROM. The performance data memory 17 stores performance data used for automatic performance. For details of the performance data stored in the performance data memory 17,
Details will be described later.

The performance sound generating means of the present invention comprises a waveform memory 1
8, a sound source 19, a D / A converter 20, an amplifier 21, a speaker 22, and the CPU 10 described above.

The waveform memory 18 is composed of, for example, a ROM and stores waveform data. This waveform memory 18 has
A plurality of waveform data corresponding to each of the plurality of timbre parameters is stored. The waveform data is obtained, for example, by converting a sound signal into an electric signal and performing pulse code modulation (PC
M). This waveform memory 18
Are accessed by the sound source 19 via the system bus 30.

The sound source 19 has a plurality of sound channels. The tone generator 19 generates a tone signal according to a tone color parameter using a tone generation channel designated by the CPU 10. That is, upon receiving the designation of the tone generation channel and the tone color parameter from the CPU 10, the designated tone generation channel reads out the waveform data from the waveform memory 18 and adds an envelope thereto to generate a digital tone signal. This digital tone signal is D / A
It is supplied to the converter 20.

The D / A converter 20 converts the digital tone signal from the sound source 19 into an analog tone signal, and
Send to The amplifier 21 amplifies the received analog musical tone signal and sends it to the speaker 22. The speaker 22 converts the analog tone signal from the amplifier 21 into an audio signal. Thereby, a musical sound is generated from the speaker 22.

The input port 23 corresponds to the designation means of the present invention. One end of the input port 23 is connected to the system bus 30 as described above, and the other end is configured to be grounded or pulled up (connected to the power supply Vcc via the resistor R) by the jumper line JP. Have been. This input port 23 is used to select one from a plurality of second performance data. That is, when the data read from the input port 23 is at a low level (L level), the CPU 10 outputs the second performance data for model A, and when the data is at a high level (H level), the second performance data for model B is used. Are used to perform automatic accompaniment.

Next, the configuration of performance data stored in the performance data memory 17 will be described in detail with reference to FIG. The performance data memory 17 stores first performance data,
Second performance data for model A and second performance data for model B are stored. In the first embodiment, for the sake of simplicity, two types of second performance data for model A and type B are used, but three or more types of second performance data are used. You can also.

Each of the first performance data, the second performance data for model A, and the second performance data for model B includes performance data of a plurality of songs. The performance data for each song is
As shown in FIG. 3, it is designated by a music number.

The first performance data is composed of a plurality of partial note data (refer to a part of the note data) and one END data for each music piece. Each partial note data is composed of 3 bytes, and each byte is assigned a key number, a step time, and a gate time. Here, the key number is data for instructing the pitch.
The step time is data for specifying a sound generation time. The gate time is data for specifying the length of the sound. The END data is composed of 2 bytes, and each byte is assigned an end mark and a step time. The end mark is composed of a special code and is data for indicating the end of one music piece.

Each of the second performance data for model A and the second performance data for model B is composed of data of the number of bytes corresponding to the number of partial note data for each music piece. Each byte is assigned a velocity. This velocity is data for designating the strength of pronunciation. The velocity value included in the second performance data for model A and the velocity included in the second performance data for model B are different. The first performance data includes control data for controlling, for example, tone color change and volume change, in addition to partial note data and END data, but is not shown in FIG. Whether the data is partial note data or other data is distinguished by the most significant bit of the first byte (key number).

Next, registers, counters, flags, and the like defined in the work memory 12 will be described with reference to FIG.

The automatic performance flag stores whether the electronic musical instrument is in the automatic performance mode or the normal performance mode.
This automatic performance flag is set to "1" in the automatic performance mode and "0" in the normal performance mode.
The song number register stores the number of the song selected by the song selection switch 142. The contents of the music number register are used to select a portion (performance data) corresponding to one music from the first performance data and the second performance data.

The note data pointer is used in automatic performance processing (described later) to indicate one piece of note data currently being processed. The velocity data pointer is used in automatic performance processing (described later) to indicate velocity data currently being processed.

The old panel data register stores panel data obtained in the previous panel processing (described later).
The new panel data register stores the panel data obtained by the current panel processing. Based on the contents of the old panel data register and the new panel data register, it is determined whether or not a switch event on the operation panel 14 has occurred.

The timing counter is used to control the progress of the automatic performance. The contents of the timing counter are cleared when the electronic musical instrument enters the automatic performance mode, and thereafter, are counted up at a speed corresponding to the tempo set at that time.

The base address register is located at the input port 23
The head address of the second performance data for the model A or the head address of the second performance data for the model B is stored in accordance with the data from.

The music number-storage position conversion table stores the music number in the first performance data, the second performance data for the A model, and the B performance data.
It is used to convert to the head address of the part (performance data) corresponding to the music number in the second performance data for the model.

Next, the operation of the electronic musical instrument to which the automatic musical instrument according to the first embodiment of the present invention configured as described above is applied will be described with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS.

(1-1) Main Processing FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the main processing of the electronic musical instrument. This main processing routine is started when the power is turned on. When the main processing routine is started, first, an initialization processing is performed (step S10).
In this initialization process, the inside of the CPU 10 is reset, and buffers, registers, counters, flags, and the like defined in the work memory 12 are set to an initial state. For example, in this initialization processing, data is read from the input port 23. If the read data is at the L level, the start address of the second performance data for model A (equal to the start address of the performance data of the music number 1) is set in the base address register. on the other hand,
If the read data is at H level, the second
The head address of the performance data (equal to the head address of the performance data of the music number 1) is set in the base address register. In the following processing, the contents of the second performance data head address register are used as the base address of the festival for calculating the second performance data.

When the initialization process is completed, a panel process is performed (step S11). In the panel processing, processing corresponding to the operation of a switch on the operation panel 14, processing for turning on or off the display 141, processing for displaying data on the display device 143, and the like are performed. Details of this panel processing will be described later.

Next, keyboard processing is performed (step S).
12). In this keyboard processing, sound generation processing, mute processing, and the like are performed. The outline of this keyboard processing is as follows. That is, first, a key scan process is performed. In this process,
Key data (hereinafter referred to as “new key data”) is read from the keyboard device 16 via the keyboard interface circuit 15 and stored in a new key data register (not shown). The key data (hereinafter referred to as “old key data”) read from the keyboard device 16 in the previous keyboard processing and stored in the old key data register (not shown) of the work memory 12 and the new key data Exclusive OR operation is performed. This calculation result is stored in a key event map area (not shown) of the work memory 12 as a key event map. Thereafter, the new key data is stored in the old key data register of the work memory 12 as old key data.

Next, it is checked whether there is a key press event. This is performed by checking whether or not a bit in the new key data corresponding to an on bit in the key event map has an on bit. Here, if it is determined that there is a key press event, then the note number assigned to the ON bit in the new key data corresponding to the ON bit in the key event map is changed. Is calculated.

Next, a tone generation process is performed. In this sound generation process, the note number calculated as described above,
One tone color parameter is read from the program memory 11 based on the touch data read from the keyboard interface circuit 15 and the tone color selected at that time. Next, one sounding channel in the sound source 19 is assigned for sounding the sound. Then, the read timbre parameters are sent to the assigned tone generation channel. As a result, a tone signal based on the tone color parameter is generated in the sounding channel, and the tone signal is sequentially transmitted to the D / A converter 20, the amplifier 21, and the speaker 22 to generate a sound based on a key operation.

On the other hand, if it is determined that there is no key press event, then it is checked whether there is a key release event. This is performed by checking whether or not there is an off bit among the bits in the new key data corresponding to the on bit in the key event map. Here, if it is determined that there is a key release event, in the same manner as described above, the new key data is assigned to the OFF bit in the new key data corresponding to the ON bit in the key event map. Note number is calculated. Next, silencing processing of a sound corresponding to the calculated note number is performed. In this silencing process,
The predetermined data is sent to a sound channel assigned for sounding the note number. As a result, the sound being generated in the sound channel is muted. Through the above processing, sound generation and mute according to the operation of the keyboard device 16 are performed.

When the above keyboard processing is completed, an automatic performance processing is performed (step S13). In this automatic performance process, performance data is read from the performance data memory 17, and a performance sound is generated based on the read performance data. For details on this automatic performance process,
It will be described later.

Next, "other processing" is performed (step S14). In this “other processing”, for example, processing for transmitting / receiving MIDI data to / from an external device via a MIDI interface circuit (not shown) is performed. Thereafter, the process returns to step S11, and the same processing is repeated thereafter.

As described above, when the operation panel 14 or the keyboard device 16 is operated during the repetitive execution of the steps S11 to S14 of the main processing routine, the processing corresponding to the operation is performed, and the electronic musical instrument and the automatic performance are executed. Various functions as a device are realized.

(1-2) Panel Processing Next, details of the panel processing will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. This panel processing routine is called at regular intervals from the main processing routine.

In the panel processing, first, the presence or absence of a switch event is checked (step S20). This is performed in the following procedure. First, the CPU 10 operates the operation panel 14.
To panel data (hereinafter referred to as “new panel data”)
Is read and stored in the new panel data register. Next, an exclusive OR of the new panel data and the panel data read in the previous panel processing and already stored in the old panel data register (hereinafter, referred to as “old panel data”) is calculated to obtain a panel event map. Create
If all the bits of this panel event map are zero, it is determined that no switch event has occurred, otherwise it is determined that a switch event has occurred.

If it is determined in step S20 that there is no switch event, the sequence returns from the panel processing routine to the main processing routine. On the other hand, if it is determined that there is a switch event, then it is checked whether there is an ON event of the automatic performance switch 140 (step S21). This is performed by checking whether the bit corresponding to the automatic performance switch 140 in the panel event map is “1” and the bit corresponding to the automatic performance switch 140 in the new panel data is “1”. Will be Here, if it is determined that there is no ON event of the automatic performance switch 140, the sequence branches to step S26.

On the other hand, if it is determined that there is an ON event of the automatic performance switch 140, then it is checked whether or not the automatic performance mode is set (step S22). This is performed by checking the automatic performance flag. The determination as to whether the mode is the automatic performance mode is made in the same manner in the following.

If it is determined that the mode is the automatic performance mode, the automatic performance flag is cleared to "0" (step S23), and then the sequence proceeds to step S26. On the other hand, if it is determined that the mode is not the automatic performance mode, the automatic performance flag is set to "1" (step S2).
4) Then, automatic performance start processing is performed (step S25).

In this automatic performance start processing, first, initial values are set in the note data pointer and the velocity data pointer. That is, in the first performance data, the head address of the portion (performance data) corresponding to the currently selected song (stored as the song number in the song number register) is the song number-storage position conversion table. Read from
Set to the note data pointer.

Similarly, the start address of the portion (performance data) corresponding to the currently selected song in the second performance data is read from the song number-storage position conversion table, and furthermore, the base address register Are added and set in the velocity data pointer. This allows
The second performance data for either Model A or Model B is selected according to the data from the input port 23, and the head address of the portion corresponding to the music number of the selected second performance data is a velocity data pointer. Will be set to

In the automatic performance start process, the contents of the timing counter are cleared to zero and the count is enabled. Accordingly, the timing counter starts counting up at intervals corresponding to the tempo set at that time. Thereafter, the sequence branches to step S26.

Through the processing of steps S22 to S24, each time the automatic performance switch 140 is pressed, the automatic performance mode and the normal performance mode are alternately reversed. Further, by the processing in step S25, the address at which the partial note data and velocity data in the performance data memory 17 are actually read is determined.

In step S26, the music selection switch 14
It is checked whether there is a second ON event. This corresponds to the up switch 142a in the panel event map.
Alternatively, this is performed by sequentially checking whether the bit corresponding to any of the down switches 142b is “1” and the bits corresponding to these switches in the new panel data are “1”. Here, when it is determined that any one of the music selection switches 142 has an ON event, the music number is changed corresponding to the switch having the ON event (step S27). That is,
If the up switch 142a is an on event, the content of the song number register is incremented. If the down switch 142b is an on event, the content of the song number register is decremented. The music number obtained as a result of the increment or decrement is displayed on the display device 143. If it is determined in step S26 that there is no event of the music selection switch 142, step S27 is skipped.

Next, "other switch processing" is performed (step S28). The “other switch processing” includes, for example, a tone change processing according to an event of a tone selection switch, a tempo setting processing according to an event of a tempo setting switch, a sound effect giving processing according to an event of a sound effect selection switch, and a volume switch. The volume change processing and the like according to the event are performed. Finally, the new panel data is moved to the old panel data register (not shown), and the panel processing is completed.

(1-3) Automatic Performance Process Next, details of the automatic performance process will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. This automatic performance processing routine is called at regular intervals from the main processing routine.

In the automatic performance processing, first, it is checked whether or not the electronic musical instrument is in the automatic performance mode (step S3).
0). If it is determined that the mode is not in the automatic performance mode, that is, in the normal performance mode, the sequence returns to the main processing routine. Thereby, a function of stopping the automatic performance is realized.

On the other hand, if it is determined that the mode is the automatic performance mode, it is checked whether or not the content of the timing counter matches the step time data (step S3).
1). That is, 3 from the position pointed by the note data pointer
The byte data is read and stored in a predetermined area of the work memory 12. The step time data (partial note data, END data, other control data,
Step time data is stored in the byte.)
And the contents of the timing counter are compared. here,
When it is determined that the content of the timing counter does not match the step time data, the partial note data is
It is recognized that the sounding timing has not yet been reached, and the sequence returns to the main processing routine.

On the other hand, if it is determined in step S31 that the content of the timing counter matches the step time data, then the data stored in the predetermined area of the work memory 12 is partial note data. It is checked whether it is (step S32). This is done by examining the most significant bit of the first byte of the data.

If it is determined in step S32 that the data is partial note data, then velocity data is read (step S33). That is, 1-byte velocity data is read from the position specified by the velocity data pointer. As a result, the key number, gate time, and velocity data necessary to generate one sound are prepared. Next, a sound generation process is performed (step S34).

In the sound generation process, a sound is assigned to a predetermined sound generation channel of the sound source 19. Then, tone color parameters are read from the program memory 11 based on the key number and velocity in the note data, the tone color selected at that time, and the like, and are sent to the tone generation channel assigned to the tone generator 19. As a result, a digital tone signal based on the tone color parameter is generated in the tone generation channel, and the digital tone signal is sequentially sent to the D / A converter 20, the amplifier 21, and the speaker 22, and the performance tone is emitted. The mute is performed by searching for a sound channel in the sound source 19 whose gate time has become zero by a silence processing routine (not shown) and sending predetermined data to this sound channel.

Next, the velocity data pointer is updated (step S35). That is, the content of the velocity data pointer is incremented (+1). Next, the note data pointer is updated (step S36). That is, the content of the note data pointer is incremented (+3). Thereafter, the sequence returns to step S31, and the same processing is repeated thereafter. By this repetition processing, sound generation processing is performed until partial note data having step time data different from the content of the current timing counter appears.

On the other hand, if it is determined in step S32 that the data is not partial note data, other processing is performed (step S37). The "other processing" includes E
Automatic performance end processing when the data is ND data, and various control processing when the data is control data are included. For example, in the automatic performance end processing, the automatic performance flag is cleared to “0”. As a result, even if the automatic performance processing routine is called from the main processing routine, the routine immediately returns to the main processing route according to the determination in step S30.
No automatic performance is performed. In addition, for example, in the control processing for changing the tone color, the contents of a register (not shown) that stores the current tone color is changed. As a result, in the subsequent tone generation process (step S34), the selected timbre parameter is changed to the one corresponding to the timbre, so that the timbre of the automatic performance is changed. Thereafter, the sequence branches to step S36, and the same processing is repeated thereafter.
When the "other processing" is performed, the content of the velocity data pointer is not changed, so that the correspondence between partial note data and velocity data is not destroyed.

In the first embodiment, the input port 23
Is configured to select one piece of performance data from a plurality of pieces of second performance data on the basis of the data obtained from the above. However, a switch for selecting the second performance data is provided on the operation panel 14, and the setting of this switch is performed. You may be comprised so that one 2nd performance data may be selected according to a state. Further, in an electronic musical instrument having a system value setting mode for setting various parameters in the electronic musical instrument, by setting a predetermined value in this system setting value mode, one of the plurality of second performance data is set. You may be comprised so that performance data may be selected.

Further, in the first embodiment, each velocity data constituting the second performance data corresponds to one of the partial note data constituting the first performance data in a one-to-one correspondence. The two performance data can be composed of velocity data corresponding to each key number. In this case, in step S33 of the automatic performance processing, the velocity data corresponding to the key number included in the partial note data may be read from the second performance data.

(Embodiment 2) The automatic performance apparatus according to Embodiment 2 has one type of first performance data and one type of second performance data. As shown in FIG. 8, the first performance data is composed of note data (key number, step time, gate time and velocity),
Performance data is composed of a part (velocity) of note data. In the model A, each note data included in the first performance data is used as it is. In the B model, note data formed by replacing the velocity of each note data included in the first performance data with each velocity data included in the second performance data is used.

The configuration of the electronic musical instrument to which the automatic performance device according to the second embodiment is applied is the same as the configuration of the electronic musical instrument of the first embodiment (block diagram in FIG. 1).

The base address register provided in the work memory 12 is set to “0” when the electronic musical instrument operates as model A, and is set to “1” when the electronic musical instrument operates as model B. The song number-storage position conversion table is used to convert a song number into a first address of a portion (performance data) corresponding to the song number in the first performance data and the second performance data. .

Next, the operation of the electronic musical instrument to which the automatic musical instrument according to the second embodiment of the present invention configured as described above is applied will be described with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS. 5, 6 and 9. I do. The same or corresponding portions as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted or simplified, and different portions will be mainly described.

(2-1) Main Processing The main processing of the electronic musical instrument is an initialization processing (step S
Except for the content of the process 10), it is the same as the main process of the first embodiment (see the flowchart shown in FIG. 5).

In the initialization process according to the second embodiment, if the data read from the input port 23 is at the L level, it is recognized that the A type should be operated, and "0" is set.
Is set in the base address register. On the other hand, if the read data is at the H level, it is recognized that the operation is to be performed as the B model, and “1” is set in the base address register. In the following processing, performance data to be used is selected according to the contents of the base address register.

(2-2) Panel Processing The panel processing of this electronic musical instrument is the same as the panel processing of the first embodiment (see the flowchart shown in FIG. 6) except for the processing content of the automatic performance start processing (step S25). is there.

In the automatic performance start processing, first, initial values are set in the note data pointer and the velocity data pointer. That is, in the first performance data, the head address of the portion (performance data) corresponding to the currently selected song (stored as the song number in the song number register) is the song number-storage position conversion table. Read from
Set to the note data pointer.

Similarly, the start address of the portion (performance data) corresponding to the currently selected song in the second performance data is read out from the song number-storage position conversion table, and stored in the velocity data pointer. Set. The content of the velocity data pointer is referred to only when the electronic musical instrument operates as model B.

(2-3) Automatic Performance Processing Next, details of the automatic performance processing will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. This automatic performance processing routine is called at regular intervals from the main processing routine.

The processing in step S30 is the same as the processing in the first embodiment (see the flowchart in FIG. 7). If it is determined in step S30 that the automatic performance mode is set, it is checked whether or not the content of the timing counter matches the step time data (step S31). At this time, the point that 4-byte data is read from the position pointed to by the note data pointer is different from the first embodiment in which 3-byte data is read.

If it is determined in step S31 that the content of the timing counter matches the step time data, then it is determined whether the data stored in the predetermined area of the work memory 12 is note data. Is performed (step S32). This is the first of the data
This is done by examining the most significant bit of the byte.

If it is determined in step S32 that the data is note data, then it is checked whether or not the second performance data is to be used (step S40). this is,
This is done by examining the contents of the base register. If it is determined that the second performance data is not used (the content of the base register is “0”), the process of step S33 is skipped. In this case, note data (key number, step time, gate time, and velocity) read out and stored in a predetermined area of the work memory 12 is used for sound generation.

On the other hand, if it is determined that the second performance data is to be used (the content of the base register is "1"), velocity data is read (step S3).
3). That is, 1-byte velocity data is read from the position specified by the velocity data pointer. Then, the velocity portion of the note data stored in the predetermined area of the work memory 12 is replaced by the velocity data. In this case, note data in which the velocity data has been replaced is used for sound generation.

Next, a sound generation process is performed (step S).
34). Next, the velocity data pointer is updated (step S35). That is, the content of the velocity data pointer is incremented (+1). In addition,
The process of step S35 is meaningless when the second performance data is not used, and may be omitted in that case.

Next, the note data pointer is updated (step S36). At this time, the point that the note data pointer is set to “+4” is different from that of the first embodiment in which the note data pointer is set to “+3”. Thereafter, the sequence returns to step S31, and the same processing is repeated thereafter.

On the other hand, if it is determined in step S32 that the data is not partial note data, other processing is performed (step S37). The “other processing” is the same as that of the first embodiment.

In the second embodiment, each velocity data constituting the second performance data corresponds to one of the note data constituting the first performance data on a one-to-one basis. The performance data can be composed of velocity data corresponding to each key number. In this case, in step S33 of the automatic performance processing, the velocity data corresponding to the key number included in the note data is stored in the second
What is necessary is just to comprise so that it may read from performance data.

(Embodiment 3) The automatic performance apparatus according to Embodiment 3 has one type of first performance data and one type of second performance data. As shown in FIG. 10, the first performance data is composed of note data (key number, step time, gate time and velocity), and
The performance data is composed of displacement data for the velocity contained in the note data. Here, the displacement data is represented in, for example, a two's complement format. Therefore, the displacement data can take positive, zero and negative values.
In the model A, each note data included in the first performance data is used as it is. In the model B, note data formed by adding displacement data included in the second performance data to velocity of each note data included in the first performance data is stored.

The configuration of the electronic musical instrument to which the automatic performance device according to the third embodiment is applied is the same as the configuration of the electronic musical instrument according to the first embodiment (block diagram in FIG. 1).

The base address register provided in the work memory 12 is set to “0” when the electronic musical instrument operates as model A, and is set to “1” when the electronic musical instrument operates as model B. The song number-storage position conversion table is used to convert a song number into a first address of a portion (performance data) corresponding to the song number in the first performance data and the second performance data. .

Next, the operation of the electronic musical instrument to which the automatic musical instrument according to the third embodiment of the present invention configured as described above is applied will be described with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS. 5, 6 and 11. I do. The same or corresponding portions as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted or simplified, and different portions will be mainly described.

(3-1) Main Processing The main processing of this electronic musical instrument is an initialization processing (step S
Except for the content of the process 10), it is the same as the main process of the first embodiment (see the flowchart shown in FIG. 5).

In the initialization process according to the third embodiment, if the data read from the input port 23 is at the L level, it is recognized that the operation is to be performed as the A model, and "0" is set.
Is set in the base address register. On the other hand, if the read data is at the H level, it is recognized that the operation is to be performed as the B model, and “1” is set in the base address register. In the following processing, performance data to be used is selected according to the contents of the base address register.

(3-2) Panel Processing The panel processing of this electronic musical instrument is the same as the panel processing of the first embodiment (see the flowchart shown in FIG. 6) except for the processing content of the automatic performance start processing (step S25). is there.

In the automatic performance start processing, first, initial values are set in the note data pointer and the velocity data pointer. That is, in the first performance data, the head address of the portion (performance data) corresponding to the currently selected song (stored as the song number in the song number register) is the song number-storage position conversion table. Read from
Set to the note data pointer.

Similarly, the start address of the portion (performance data) corresponding to the currently selected song in the second performance data is read out from the song number-storage position conversion table and stored in the velocity data pointer. Set. The content of the velocity data pointer is referred to only when the electronic musical instrument operates as model B.

(3-3) Automatic Performance Process Next, details of the automatic performance process will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. This automatic performance processing routine is called at regular intervals from the main processing routine.

The processing in step S30 is the same as the processing in the first embodiment (see the flowchart in FIG. 7). If it is determined in step S30 that the automatic performance mode is set, it is checked whether or not the content of the timing counter matches the step time data (step S31). At this time, the point that 4-byte data is read from the position pointed to by the note data pointer is different from the first embodiment in which 3-byte data is read.

If it is determined in step S31 that the content of the timing counter matches the step time data, then it is determined whether the data stored in the predetermined area of the work memory 12 is note data. Is performed (step S32). This is the first of the data
This is done by examining the most significant bit of the byte.

If it is determined in step S32 that the data is note data, then it is determined whether or not the second performance data is to be used (step S50). this is,
This is done by examining the contents of the base register. Here, when it is determined that the second performance data is not used (the contents of the base register are “0”), the processing of steps S51 and S52 is skipped. In this case, note data (key number, step time, gate time, and velocity) read out and stored in a predetermined area of the work memory 12 is used for sound generation.

On the other hand, when it is determined that the second performance data is to be used (the content of the base register is "1"), displacement data is read (step S51). That is, 1 from the position specified by the velocity data pointer
Byte displacement data is read. Next, velocity calculation is performed (step S52). That is, the displacement data read in step S51 is added to the velocity portion of the note data stored in the predetermined area of the work memory 12. The note data whose velocity has been changed by this addition is used for sound generation.

Next, a tone generation process is performed (step S).
34). Next, the velocity data pointer is updated (step S35). That is, the content of the velocity data pointer is incremented (+1). In addition,
The process of step S35 is meaningless when the second performance data is not used, and may be omitted in that case.

Next, the note data pointer is updated (step S36). At this time, the point that the note data pointer is set to “+4” is different from that of the first embodiment in which the note data pointer is set to “+3”. Thereafter, the sequence returns to step S31, and the same processing is repeated thereafter.

On the other hand, if it is determined in step S32 that the data is not partial note data, other processing is performed (step S37). The “other processing” is the same as that of the first embodiment.

In the third embodiment, each displacement data forming the second performance data corresponds to one of the note data forming the first performance data in a one-to-one correspondence. The performance data can be composed of displacement data corresponding to each key number. In this case, in step S55 of the automatic performance process, the displacement data corresponding to the key number included in the note data may be read from the second performance data.

In the second and third embodiments, whether or not to use the second performance data is determined based on the data obtained from the input port 23. A switch for selecting the second performance data may be provided on the panel 14, and whether to use the second performance data may be determined according to the setting state of this switch. Further, in an electronic musical instrument having a system value setting mode for setting various parameters in the electronic musical instrument, it is determined whether or not to use the second performance data by setting a predetermined value in this system setting value mode. May be configured.

In the first to third embodiments, the storage area for the second performance data is formed in a rewritable storage medium such as a RAM or a flash memory, and is transmitted via, for example, a MIDI interface. The second performance data may be stored in the storage area. In this case, since only the second performance data required for the electronic musical instrument needs to be stored in the storage area, the efficiency of use of the memory can be improved.

Further, the second performance data stored in the storage area may be obtained from a keyboard device. In this case, the velocity value at the time of keying can be used as it is as the second performance data, or the velocity value may be subjected to a predetermined change to generate the second performance data.

[0121]

As described in detail above, according to the present invention,
It is possible to provide an automatic performance device and an automatic performance method that can automatically perform each music piece with its original musical characteristics despite the small amount of performance data.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an electronic musical instrument to which an automatic performance device according to Embodiments 1 to 3 of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of an operation panel applied to the electronic musical instrument shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a format of performance data used in an electronic musical instrument to which the automatic performance device according to the first embodiment of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of assignment of a work memory 12 of an electronic musical instrument to which the automatic performance device according to the first to third embodiments of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a main process of the electronic musical instrument to which the automatic performance device according to the first to third embodiments of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing panel processing of an electronic musical instrument to which the automatic performance device according to the first to third embodiments of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing an automatic performance process of the electronic musical instrument to which the automatic performance device according to the first embodiment of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a format of performance data used in an electronic musical instrument to which the automatic performance device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing an automatic performance process of an electronic musical instrument to which the automatic performance device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a format of performance data used in an electronic musical instrument to which the automatic performance device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing an automatic performance process of an electronic musical instrument to which the automatic performance device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a format of performance data used in a conventional automatic performance device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 10 CPU 11 program memory 12 work memory 13 panel interface circuit 14 operation panel 15 keyboard interface circuit 16 keyboard device 17 performance data memory 18 waveform memory 19 sound source 20 D / A converter 21 amplifier 22 speaker 23 input port 30 system bus

Claims (10)

[Claims] A first note constituted by data corresponding to a part of note data used to generate one note;
First storage means for storing performance data; second storage means for storing a plurality of second performance data constituted by data corresponding to another part of the note data; and second storage means. Specifying means for specifying one of a plurality of stored second performance data; first performance data stored in the first storage means; and second performance data specified by the specifying means. A performance sound generating means for generating a performance sound based on the performance. 2. The data corresponding to a part of the note data includes data for determining a pitch, a tone length and a sounding time, and the data corresponding to another part of the note data is a sound volume. 2. The automatic performance apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising data for determining the following. 3. A first storage means for storing first performance data composed of note data used to generate one sound, and data corresponding to a part of the note data. A second storage unit for storing the second performance data; a specification unit for specifying whether to use the second performance data stored in the second storage unit; A performance sound is generated based on the first performance data stored in the first storage means.
A part of each note data included in the first performance data stored in the storage means is replaced with each data included in the second performance data stored in the second storage means. A performance sound generating means for generating a performance sound based on performance data. 4. A first storage means for storing first performance data composed of note data used for generating one note, and data corresponding to a part of the note data. A second storage unit for storing the second performance data; a specification unit for specifying whether to use the second performance data stored in the second storage unit; A performance sound is generated based on the first performance data stored in the first storage means.
A part of each note data included in the first performance data stored in the storage means is replaced with a first data obtained by calculating each data included in the second performance data stored in the second storage means. A performance sound generating means for generating a performance sound based on performance data. 5. The note data includes data for determining a pitch, a duration, a sounding time and a loudness, and data corresponding to a part of the note data is data for determining a loudness. The automatic performance device according to claim 3 or 4, further comprising: 6. A first note constituted by data corresponding to a part of note data used to generate one note.
Storing performance data; storing a plurality of second performance data constituted by data corresponding to another part of the note data; selecting one of the stored plurality of second performance data; The selected second performance data and the stored first performance data.
An automatic performance method that generates performance sounds based on performance data. 7. The data corresponding to a part of the note data includes data for determining a pitch, a tone length and a sounding time, and the data corresponding to another part of the note data is a sound volume. 7. The automatic performance method according to claim 6, further comprising data for determining the performance. 8. A method for storing first performance data constituted by note data used to generate one sound, and storing second performance data constituted by data corresponding to a part of the note data. Then, it is specified whether or not the stored second performance data is to be used. If the second performance data is not specified, a performance sound is generated based on the first performance data. An automatic performance method, wherein a performance sound is generated based on first performance data in which part of each note data included in performance data is replaced with each data included in the second performance data. 9. A method for storing first performance data composed of note data used to generate one sound, and storing second performance data composed of data corresponding to a part of the note data. And specifying whether or not to use the second performance data. If the second performance data is not specified, a performance sound is generated based on the first performance data. An automatic performance method for generating a performance sound based on first performance data in which each data included in the second performance data is calculated for a part of each note data to be performed. 10. The note data includes data for determining a pitch, a pitch, a sounding time and a loudness, and data corresponding to a part of the note data is data for determining a loudness. The automatic performance device according to claim 8 or 9, further comprising: