JPH116536A - Damper - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a damper with which attenuation force is easily adjusted. SOLUTION: An inner cylinder 12 is fixed to a base 24, while a shaft 22 is vibrated in an axial direction of a rod 20. An outer cylinder 14 is thus vibrated vertically to cause friction in respect to a projection 16 of the inner cylinder 12 to attenuate. Vibration of the shaft 22. The outer cylinder 14, being guided by the inner cylinder 12, can direct attenuation of the shaft 22. The attenuation force can be adjusted by varying a frictional coefficient, material, surface treatment and surface processing of an outer peripheral wall of the projection 16 or the inner cylinder 12.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[0001] The present invention relates to a damper.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, the basic structure of a damper is hydraulic,
As shown in FIG. 41, the member utilizes a viscous force or an aerodynamic force, and includes three members: a cylinder 360, a piston 362 disposed in the cylinder 360, and a rod 364 transmitting energy to the piston 362.

[0003] The braking force of the damper 366 increases and decreases by changing the passage resistance of a fluid such as oil.
It cannot be easily adjusted on site. Further, the conventional damper can exert the damping force only in the axial direction of the rod, and there is not much idea that the damper follows various movements of the damping target and damps.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In consideration of the above facts, the present invention makes it easy to adjust the damping force, can respond to various movements of the damping target, and can prevent the structure from collapsing. It is an object to provide a damper that cannot be reached.

[0005]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are slidably engaged. And
When energy is input in the axial direction of the outer cylinder by the rod attached to the outer cylinder, a frictional force is generated between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder. The input energy is attenuated by this frictional force. In addition, since the outer cylinder is guided by the inner cylinder, it is inevitably possible to provide the shaft with straightness in the damping direction of the shaft.

[0006] The frictional force can be increased or decreased by changing the material of the inner cylinder or the outer cylinder, or by adjusting the degree of caulking of the outer cylinder. That is, the damping force of the damper can be easily adjusted.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the moving body is inserted into the frame so as to be movable. The moving body is in contact with a friction member disposed in the frame, and generates a frictional force when moving. The damping object connected to the moving body is attenuated by the frictional force.

This frictional force can be easily adjusted by changing the pressing force of the friction member against the moving body, or by changing the contact area or material between the moving body and the friction member.

The invention according to claim 3 is used for a vibration damping device for suppressing vibration of a structure. The first component has the first
One end of the arm is rotatably mounted, and one end of the second arm is rotatably mounted on the second component. Then, the free ends of the first arm and the second arm are rotatably connected by the connecting member, thereby forming a toggle mechanism.

As described above, by configuring the toggle mechanism, even if the first member and the second member are relatively slightly deformed in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction due to an earthquake or the like, the connecting member has
Amplified by large deformation. Therefore, a relationship of small deformation × large force = large deformation × small force is established.

Here, the connecting member is connected to the first friction member. Therefore, the first friction member moves in a circular arc, slides in the groove of the wall provided between the first member and the second member, and generates a frictional force. Since the groove is formed along the movement trajectory of the connecting member, the groove does not hinder the circular motion of the connecting member.

As described above, the present invention has a damper structure that can follow a special movement to be attenuated.

[0013] According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the pipe is disposed between the first and second components. This tube is curved along the movement trajectory of the connecting member, and has a slit formed along its longitudinal direction. A second friction member is provided in the tube, and is connected to the connection member through a slit.

Therefore, when the first and second members are relatively deformed horizontally or vertically due to an earthquake or the like,
The connecting member makes a large circular motion and generates a frictional force between the second friction member and the inner peripheral wall of the pipe. With this frictional force,
The vibration of the structure is damped.

As described above, by using the pipe, the second friction member always slides on the inner peripheral wall surface of the pipe and does not come off, so that the reliability as a damper is improved. Note that a cylindrical body that slides on the outer peripheral surface of the pipe instead of the inner peripheral surface of the pipe can be extrapolated as a friction member.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, a wall is provided between the first and second members, and the wall includes
An inner plate material curved along the movement trajectory of the connecting member is fixed. A connecting member is connected to the outer plate having a larger curvature than the inner plate. Further, a curved surface of a fan-shaped damping plate is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the inner plate member and the inner peripheral surface of the outer plate member, and is in contact with the wall.

When the connecting member moves in an arc, the outer plate moves relative to the inner plate, and the damping plate is twisted in the plane. By this torsional deformation, the swing of the structure is suppressed. As described above, in this damper, the in-plane direction of the damping plate is the stroke direction of the damper, so that the damper can be installed in a narrow place.

Further, the wall body is in contact with the damping plate, so that the damping plate is restricted from being deformed out of plane. by this,
Directivity can be given in the damping direction, and the damping plate does not swing in the thickness direction, so that the damping performance does not fluctuate and the performance (characteristic) can be maintained.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the outer plate is disposed facing the outer plate, and the intermediate plate is disposed between the outer plates.
A damping plate is fixed to the upright surface of the middle plate and the inner surface of the outer plate, and the outer plate and the middle plate are connected. Further, the intermediate plate is rotatably supported by the outer plate by a shaft supporting means, and when the outer plate and the intermediate plate rotate relative to each other, the damping plate is torsionally deformed in the plane.

Therefore, when rotational energy centering on the pivot means is applied to the outer plate or the intermediate plate, and the outer plate and the intermediate plate rotate relative to each other around the pivot means, the damping plate rotates in the plane and twists. Deforms and exhibits damping performance. As described above, by rotating the entire surface of the damping plate, a large shear area can be obtained, so that a large damping force can be obtained.

The damping force of the damper can be adjusted by increasing the thickness and outer diameter of the damping plate.

The invention described in claim 7 is used for a hinge portion that rotatably connects one member to another member.

A shaft hole is formed in one member, and is rotatably connected to a connection hole formed in another member by a connection pin.
An attenuator is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the connecting pin and the inner peripheral surface of the shaft hole, and connects the connecting pin and the shaft hole.

A notch is formed in the damping body, and a bearing protruding from the inner peripheral wall of the shaft hole is exposed from the notch and supports the connecting pin.

That is, since the bearing supports the connecting pin, the own weight of one member and / or another member is not transmitted to the damping body through the connecting pin. For this reason, even if the damper is used for a long period of time, the own weight of one member and another member does not apply to the damping body, so that the damping body does not undergo creep deformation, and the damping performance can be maintained for a long time.

According to the invention described in claim 8, the shaft is disposed in the cylinder, and the attenuator is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the shaft and the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder. Further, the inner cylinder is embedded in the attenuator on a concentric circle centering on the shaft. As a result, the damping body has a multilayer shape, the thickness of the damping body sandwiched between the inner cylinders is reduced, and creep deformation is hardly caused.

When another arm is connected to a bracket standing upright from the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body, one arm is connected to a shaft, and one arm and the other arm are relatively rotated.
The multilayered damping body causes torsional shear deformation,
Attenuates the rotational vibration of one arm and the other.

According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, the spherical body is disposed at the core of the hollow spherical frame, and the inner peripheral surface of the spherical frame and the outer peripheral surface of the spherical body are connected by an attenuator. A mortar-shaped opening is formed in the ball frame and the attenuator, and the arm is connected to the sphere through this opening.

When the rotational vibration of the arm is transmitted to the sphere, the sphere rotates to cause the attenuating body to undergo shear deformation, and the rotational vibration of the arm is attenuated by the distortion. Further, since the opening has a mortar shape, the arm is allowed to fall down, and the function as a pivot joint is exhibited. Further, the damping body is also subjected to shear deformation and damped with respect to the axial vibration of the arm.

According to the tenth aspect, the inner ring is disposed inside the outer ring, and the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring and the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring are connected by a viscoelastic body. A rod is disposed inside the inner ring, and the rod and the inner ring are connected by an elastoplastic body.

When the rotational vibration is transmitted to the rod, the rotational vibration is transmitted to the inner ring via the elasto-plastic body, and shear-deforms the viscoelastic body, and the rotational vibration of the rod is attenuated by the distortion. Also, when a large rotational vibration is transmitted to the rod, the yield point of the elasto-plastic body is smaller than the breaking strength of the viscoelastic body,
The elasto-plastic body yields and does not transmit force to the viscoelastic body.

As described above, by making the elasto-plastic body function as a safety valve, it is possible to prevent the collapse of the structure caused by the breakage of the viscoelastic body. Conversely, the outer ring and the inner ring may be connected by an elastic-plastic body, and the inner ring and the rod may be connected by a viscoelastic body.

[0033] In the eleventh aspect, the rotating body is disposed inside the frame. Further, a friction member is fixed to the outer peripheral surface or the inner peripheral surface of the viscoelastic body, and the viscoelastic body is press-fitted between the frame and the rotating body. At this time, when the friction member is on the outer peripheral surface of the viscoelastic body, the viscoelastic body and the rotating body are fixed, and when the friction member is on the inner peripheral surface of the viscoelastic body, the viscoelastic body and the frame are fixed. Is done.

Here, when rotational vibration is transmitted to the rotating body, the viscoelastic body undergoes rotational shear deformation, and the rotational vibration of the rotating body is attenuated by this distortion. Further, when the rotational force of the rotating body increases, the friction member slides, functions as a safety valve for preventing the viscoelastic body from breaking, and further functions as a friction damper.

[0035]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS As shown in FIGS.
The damper 10 according to the embodiment includes an inner cylinder 12 and an outer cylinder 14. An outer cylinder 14 is slidably engaged with the inner cylinder 12, and the outer cylinder 14 is guided by the inner cylinder 12 and linearly moves in the axial direction. A ring-shaped projection 16 is provided on the inner peripheral wall of the outer cylinder 14 so as to project therefrom, and is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder 12.

Further, the frame 1 is provided above the outer cylinder 14.
8 is bridged in a cross shape, and a rod 20 is attached to the intersection of the frame 18 coaxially with the axis of the outer cylinder 14. A shaft 22 for inputting vibration energy is connected to an upper end of the rod 20.

Next, the operation of the damper 10 according to this embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the inner cylinder 12 is fixed to the base 24, and the shaft 22 is vibrated in the axial direction of the rod 20. As a result, the outer cylinder 14 moves up and down, and a frictional force is generated between the protrusions 16 of the inner cylinder 12 to attenuate the vibration of the shaft 22. Here, since the outer cylinder 14 is guided by the inner cylinder 12, it is possible to give directionality to the attenuation direction of the shaft 22.

The adjustment of the damping force can be realized by changing the magnitude of the friction force. For example, the coefficient of friction of the projection 16 or the outer peripheral wall of the inner cylinder 12 is adjusted by changing the material, surface treatment, and surface processing, and a jig such as a tightening ring is attached around the outer cylinder 14 to attach the friction surface. The applied pressure may be adjusted. Therefore, maintenance can be easily performed. Further, the inner cylinder 12 and the outer cylinder 14 may be rectangular or cross-shaped cylinders, and their cross-sectional shapes are not specified.

In the present embodiment, a frictional force is generated between the projection 16 and the inner cylinder 12. However, the frictional force is generated by sliding the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder 12 and the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder 14. May be generated.

Next, a damper according to a second embodiment will be described. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the second embodiment includes a rectangular plate 28 as a moving body, and a frame 30 into which the plate 28 is movably inserted.

The frame body 30 has a rectangular shape in which a short side of the frame is rounded in a cross-sectional view, and a guide groove 32 which is concavely formed in a semicircular shape is formed at both ends in the longitudinal direction. It extends across. Both ends of the R-processed plate 28 are slidably engaged with the guide grooves 32.

A disc spring 34 is fitted between the plate 28 and the inner wall of the frame 30. This disc spring 3
Numeral 4 has a circular shape with a raised central portion, as if the outer peripheral surface of a hollow sphere was cut out. For this reason, the disc spring 3
When the outer peripheral edge of the plate 4 is locked in the concave portion 36 of the frame 30, the center of the disc spring 34 is crushed, and the plate 28 is supported in a state where the contact surface with the upright surface 28 </ b> A of the plate 28 is circular. I do.

Next, the operation of the damper 26 according to this embodiment will be described. The frame 30 is fixed to the base, and the plate 28 is connected to the object to be attenuated. When the plate 28 reciprocates in the longitudinal direction, a frictional force is generated between the upright surface 28A of the plate 28 and the disc spring 34 to exert a damping force.

In this embodiment, the adjustment of the frictional force is as follows.
The curvature of the disc spring 34 is changed, or the disc spring 34
However, the holding plate 40 may be disposed on both surfaces of the upright surface 28A of the plate 28, and the holding plate 40 may be pressed by the bolt 42, as in a damper 38 shown in FIG. By changing the tightening amount of the bolt 42, the magnitude of the generated frictional force can be easily adjusted.

Also, as in a damper 48 shown in FIG.
The holding plate 44 may be arranged on both sides of the upright surface 28 </ b> A of the plate 28, the ring spring 46 may be fitted between the frame 30 and the holding plate 44, and the plate 28 may be sandwiched by the holding plate 44. In this configuration, the friction force can be increased or decreased by adjusting the number of ring springs 46.

Next, a damper according to a third embodiment will be described. As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the damper 50 according to the third embodiment includes an annular body 52 obtained by cutting a cylindrical body into a ring as a frame body. At the center of the annular body 52, a rod 54 as a moving body is arranged. Then, a disk-shaped rubber 56 (a viscoelastic body having damping properties) having the same thickness as the annular body 52 is vulcanized and adhered so as to be fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the annular body 52 and the outer peripheral surface of the rod 54. Have been.

The annular body 52 is fixed to the opening 60 of the cylindrical inner cylinder 12 described in the first embodiment. Further, a male screw 62 is erected from the upper end of the rod 54 and is screwed with a female screw 64 threaded on the lower end surface of the rod 20.

Thus, the damping direction of the rubber 56 due to the shearing deformation or the like is straightened by the rod 20 directional by the inner cylinder 12 and the outer cylinder 14, and the frictional force and the damping force of the rubber cause the shaft to be depressed by the shaft. The attenuation target connected to 22 can be attenuated.

Next, a damper according to a fourth embodiment will be described. As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the damper 68 according to the fourth embodiment is used in a toggle type vibration damping device 70.
The toggle type vibration damping device 70 is disposed in a frame 76 composed of columns 72 and beams 74, and a first arm 80 is rotatably connected to a rotation bearing 78 attached to an upper floor beam 74A. ing.

Further, the rigid wall 82 extends from the lower story beam 74B.
(Or may be a pillar), and a rotation bearing 84 is attached to the rigid wall 82. A second arm 86 is rotatably connected to the rotation bearing 84. Free ends of the first arm 80 and the second arm 86 are rotatably connected by a connecting member 88.

On the other hand, a wall 90 constituting the damper 68 is provided between the upper floor beam 74A and the lower floor beam 74B. An arc-shaped groove 92 is formed on the vertical surface of the wall 90 along the movement locus of the connecting member 88. This groove 9
A cylinder 94 as a friction member is slidably mounted on 2 and is connected to a connecting member 88.

Next, the operation of the damper 68 according to this embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 11, it is assumed that the frame 76 is horizontally deformed δ1 leftward by an earthquake or the like.
It is assumed that the upper story beam 74A is also horizontally deformed by δ1 ignoring the expansion and contraction of the upper story beam. At this time, in the frame 76, since the second arm 86 constituting the toggle mechanism performs an arc motion around the rotary bearing 84, the connecting member 88, in other words, is obtained from the horizontal displacement δ1 of the rotary bearing 78 of the upper story beam 74A. Then, the cylindrical body 94
Is amplified and increased.

As described above, the small displacement of the upper story beam 74A is amplified by the large rotational displacement of the columnar body 94, and the relationship of small displacement × large force = large displacement × small force is established. Then, the vibration of the frame 76 is attenuated by the frictional force generated between the cylindrical body 94 and the groove 92, and the small vibration of the building due to a small or medium-sized earthquake or wind is effectively damped.

As shown in FIG. 12, if the frame 76 is horizontally deformed δ3 to the right, at this time, the second arm 86 moves circularly downward around the rotary bearing 84, and the upper floor beam 74A The displacement δ4 of the cylindrical body 94 is amplified and increased from the horizontal displacement δ3 of the rotary bearing 78, and exerts a vibration damping force.

As described above, the damper 68 according to the present embodiment exerts a damping effect in response to various movements to be damped, based on the behavior of the connecting member 88 of the toggle-type vibration damping device 70 performing the circular motion. It has become.

As shown in FIG. 13, as a damper for damping using a frictional force in the toggle-type damping device 70, there is a damping device provided with a pipe 96 curved along the movement locus of the connecting member 88, as shown in FIG. .

In this damper 102, the lower end of the pipe 96 is supported by a block 98, and the center is a stay 100.
It is supported by. A slit 104 is formed in the outer peripheral portion of the pipe 96 along the longitudinal direction. A curved cylindrical body 106 is provided in the pipe 96, and is connected to the connecting member 88 by a plate 108 passing through the slit 104.

With such a configuration, when the upper story beam 74A and the lower story beam 74B are relatively deformed by an earthquake or the like, the connecting member 8
8 makes a large circular motion and generates a frictional force between the cylindrical body 106 and the inner peripheral wall of the pipe 96. The vibration of the frame 76 is suppressed by the frictional force.

As described above, by using the pipe 96, the cylindrical body 106 slides on the inner peripheral wall of the pipe 96 with a wide contact area and does not come off, so that the reliability of the damper 102 is improved.

A cylindrical body (not shown) is extrapolated to the outer peripheral surface of the pipe 96, and the cylindrical body and the plate 108 are connected to generate friction between the outer peripheral surface of the pipe 96 and the cylindrical body. Good.

Next, a damper according to a fifth embodiment will be described. As shown in FIGS. 14 to 16, the damper 110 according to the fifth embodiment is used in a toggle type vibration damping device 112. The toggle-type vibration damping device 112 is provided in a frame 76 composed of columns 72 and beams 74, and is provided with an upper floor beam 74A.
The first arm 116 is rotatably connected to a rotation bearing 114 attached to the lower floor beam 74B, and the second arm 120 is rotatably connected to a rotation bearing 118 attached to the lower story beam 74B. Free ends of the first arm 116 and the second arm 120 are rotatably connected by a connecting pin 122.

The toggle type vibration damping device 112 thus configured is symmetrically disposed before and after the wall column 124 constructed in the center of the frame 76, and even if the building shakes in any direction,
Care is taken to ensure that the damping effect is constant.

On the other hand, the damper 110 has a rotary bearing 118
The inner plate member 124 curved in an arc shape so that the tip of the second arm 120 is positioned on the circumference of the circle drawn with the center point as the center point.
It has. The inner plate member 124 is fixed to a wall column 125 provided between the upper floor beam 74A and the lower floor beam 74B. It is necessary to arrange the wall pillar 125 so as to follow the deformation of the frame 76 or not to affect the deformation.

The outside of the inner plate member 124 has a larger curvature than the inner plate member 124 so as to be located on the circumference of a circle drawn by the tip of the second arm 120 with the rotation bearing 118 as a center point. A plate 126 is provided, and a connecting pin 122 is connected to the outer plate 126. Further, a fan-shaped rubber plate 128 is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the inner plate member 124 and the inner peripheral surface of the outer plate member 126.

Next, the operation of the damper 110 according to this embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 17, the toggle type vibration damping device 1
As a feature of 12, when the frame 76 is deformed δ5 to the left,
The connecting pin 122 moves downward by δ6 on the circumference centered on the rotary bearing 118, and although not shown, when the frame 76 is deformed to the right, the connecting pin 122 is moved to the right.
Move upward on the circumference with the center point as the center point.
The toggle-type vibration damping device 112 behind 25 performs the opposite operation). Then, the vibration of the frame 76 is attenuated by amplifying a small deformation of the frame 76 into a large rotational displacement of the connecting pin 122.

At this time, the damper 110 functions to attenuate the circular motion of the connecting pin 122. That is,
The connecting pin 122 moves the outer plate member 126 in the circumferential direction, and twists and deforms the rubber plate 128 in the plane. Due to the torsional deformation of the rubber plate 128, the circular motion of the connecting pin 122 is attenuated.

As described above, by taking the stroke of the damper 110 in the plane of the rubber plate 128 which is sheared and deformed in the circumferential direction, unlike a direct-acting damper, there is no need to separately configure a rotating mechanism, and a narrow space is required. Can be installed in When the stroke of the damper 110 is increased, the difference in curvature between the inner plate member 124 and the outer plate member 126 is increased, so that the amount of torsional deformation of the rubber plate 128 is increased even if the amount of movement of the outer plate member 126 is the same. .

Further, in this embodiment, the wall column 1
25, the inner plate member 124 of the damper 110 is fixed, but the inner plate member 124 may be fixed to the lower story beam 74B. In addition, the wall column 125 is in contact with the side surface of the rubber plate 128 to regulate the rubber plate 128 so as not to be out of plane. As a result, the rubber plate 128 does not swing in the thickness direction, so that the damping performance does not fluctuate and the performance can be maintained.

Next, a damper 130 according to a sixth embodiment will be described. As shown in FIGS. 18 and 19, the damper 130 according to the present embodiment includes a circular middle plate 132. A shaft 134 protrudes from both sides of the center of the intermediate plate 132. A disk-shaped rubber plate 136 is fixed to both surfaces of the middle plate 132, and the shaft 134 is cut off by a circular hole 152 penetrating to the center.

On the other hand, the shaft 134 is connected to the outer plate 140 erected on the base plate 138 at a predetermined interval.
Is rotatably inserted into a shaft hole 142 formed in the hole.
Female threads 146 are formed at both ends of the shaft 134. The female screw portion 146 protrudes from the outer plate 140, and a nut 150 for retaining is provided between the seat plate 148.
Is screwed. As a result, the middle plate 132 becomes the outer plate 138.
Can be rotated.

The inner surface of the outer plate 140 has a middle plate 132
The outer surface of the rubber plate 136 is fixed. Middle plate 1
A bracket 144 protrudes from an outer peripheral portion of the 32 in a radial direction, and is connected to an object to be attenuated.

Next, the operation of the damper 130 according to this embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 20, the base plate 138 of the damper 130 is fixed to the lower story beam 154B with bolts or the like. The free ends of the first arm 156 and the second arm 158 constituting the toggle type vibration damping device are connected to the connecting pin 16.
The connection pin 160 and the bracket 144 are rotatably connected by the auxiliary arm 162.

Here, as shown in FIG.
Is deformed in the horizontal left direction, the displacement of the connecting pin 160 is amplified, and the connecting pin 160 moves downward in an arc. For this reason, the auxiliary arm 1
The intermediate plate 132 rotates around the shaft 134 via the bracket 62 and the bracket 144, and the rubber plate 136 rotates and deforms torsion in the plane to exhibit a damping force. By twisting the entire surface of the rubber plate 136 in this manner, a large shear area can be obtained, so that a large damping force can be obtained.

The damping force and the stroke of the damper 130 can be easily adjusted by increasing the thickness and the outer diameter of the rubber plate 136. Furthermore, since the damper of the present embodiment is unitized as compared with the dampers of the fourth and fifth embodiments, it can be easily installed. In addition, the damper 130 is used for the lower floor beam 15.
Since it is fixed to the base 4B via the base plate 138, it also plays a role of preventing the Dorg mechanism from swinging out of the frame surface.

The rubber plate 136 is considered to be a general-purpose rubber (such as isoprene, SBR, NR, IR, and BR), but a special rubber such as an acrylic rubber or a silicone rubber may be used. it can.

Next, a damper according to a seventh embodiment will be described. As shown in FIGS. 22 and 23, the damper 166 according to the seventh embodiment has basically the same structure as the damper 130 according to the sixth embodiment, but differs in the shape of the bracket 170 protruding from the middle plate 132. I have.

That is, in the toggle type vibration damping device 168 used in this embodiment, the K-shaped brace 172 (which may be a rigid wall) is hung from the upper floor beam 74A. The first arm 176 is rotatably connected via 174. Further, a seismic table 178 is provided on the lower story beam 74B, and the second arm 182 is connected to the seismic table 178 via the rotary bearing 180.
Are rotatably connected.

Then, the first arm 176 and the second arm 1
Each free end is rotatably connected by a connecting pin 184 such that the axis with the axis 82 intersects at an acute angle. Thus, by making the intersection angle of the arms acute,
The amplification factor at the connection pin 184 can be increased. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 23, a U-shaped shaft groove 186 is formed in the bracket 170 of the damper 166 so that the connection pin 184 can be rotatably held. In the set state, a clearance is formed between the bottom surface 186A of the shaft groove 186 and the connection pin 184.

As described above, by providing the clearance, no force for pressing the bracket 170 is generated.
Therefore, only the rotational force acts on the middle plate 132,
The rubber plate 136 surely undergoes torsional deformation in the plane. As a result, directivity is generated in the twisting direction, so that the rubber plate 136 is formed.
Durability is improved.

Next, a damper according to an eighth embodiment will be described. As shown in FIGS. 24 and 25, the damper according to the eighth embodiment is the same as the toggle type vibration damping device 112 described in the fifth embodiment.
Is provided at the connecting portion. That is, the upper floor beam 74
A rotary bearing 114 attached to the lower arm 74A, a rotary bearing 118 attached to the lower story beam 74B, and a connecting pin 122 connecting the free ends of the first arm 116 and the second arm 120.

Here, a description will be given of a damper formed on the connecting pin 122 as an example. A forked bracket 190 is attached to a free end of the first arm 116 connected to the rotary bearing 114 of the upper story beam 74A. The bracket 190 has a circular hole 194 into which the connecting pin 122 is inserted and fixed.

The bracket 190 has the block 1
96 is rotatably mounted. This block 196
It is attached to the free end of the second arm 120 connected to the rotation bearing 118 of the lower story beam 74B.

The block 196 includes a bearing 19 on the inner periphery.
8, a circular shaft hole 200 penetrates. A cylindrical rubber 202 is mounted in the shaft hole 200, and a cutout 204 is formed in the cylindrical rubber 202 so as to be located on both sides of the bearing 198. And
The inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical rubber 202 is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the connecting pin 122, and the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical rubber 202 is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the shaft hole 200.

The position at which the bearing 198 is formed (the position corresponding to the notch 204 of the cylindrical rubber 202) differs depending on the direction in which the load applied to the connecting pin 122 is applied.
As shown in FIG. 4, in the rotation bearing 118, the notch 204 of the cylindrical rubber 202 faces downward because the projection is provided from below the inner peripheral surface of the shaft hole 200. Because it protrudes from above the inner peripheral surface of 200,
The cutout 204 of the cylindrical rubber 202 faces upward.

In other words, the toggle type vibration damping device 112
Is set at a position where the connection pin 122 that receives the weight of the arm can be supported when the arm is set.

The size of the cutout portion 204 of the cylindrical rubber 202 is set such that a gap is formed between the cutout portion 204 and the side surface 198A of the bearing 198. Further, the tip of the bearing 198 is concavely formed in an arc shape so as to be in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the connecting pin 122 (see FIG. 26).

Further, in this embodiment, the bearing 198 is provided so as to protrude from the inner peripheral wall of the shaft hole 200. However, the shaft hole 200 may be formed in a circular shape and fixed to the cutout portion 204 of the cylindrical rubber 202. This facilitates the processing of the shaft hole 200.

Next, the operation of the damper according to this embodiment will be described. As described in the fifth embodiment, when the frame 76 is deformed in the horizontal direction due to an earthquake or the like, the first arm 116 and the second arm 120 rotate and amplify the rotational displacement of the connecting pin 122 to amplify the frame 76. Damping vibration. That is, when the connecting pin 122 of the rotary bearing 114 rotates, the cylindrical rubber 202 is twisted and sheared (see FIG. 26), and the movement of the first arm 116 is attenuated. By the rotation, the cylindrical rubber 202 undergoes shear deformation to attenuate the movement of the second arm 120, and further, the first arm 116 and the second arm 1
When the connecting pin 122 connecting the free ends of the first and second arms 20 rotates, the cylindrical rubber 202 is sheared and deformed, and the movement of the first arm 116 and the second arm 120 is attenuated.

As described above, the toggle type vibration damping device 112
In this case, a damping force is exerted at each of the three locations by arranging the dampers at the three rotating locations, so that a great damping effect can be expected. Further, since the damping force is exerted by a simple mechanism using the cylindrical rubber 202, the installation space is not required and the first arm 116 and the second arm 12
It doesn't get in the way of 0.

On the other hand, in normal times, the weight of the first arm 116 or the second arm 120 is transmitted to the bearing 198 via the connecting pin 122. Here, temporarily, bearing 1
Assuming that the cylindrical rubber 202 supports the connecting pin 122 without the connecting pin 122, the connecting pin 1
The portion of the cylindrical rubber 202 that supports the base 22 is creep-deformed, and the damping performance is reduced.

However, in this embodiment, since the load acting on the connecting pin 122 is received by the bearing 198 and is not transmitted to the cylindrical rubber 202, the cylindrical rubber 202 does not undergo creep deformation, and is not used for a long time. Thus, the damping performance can be maintained.

Next, a damper according to a ninth embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 27, the damper 21 according to the ninth embodiment
0 is provided with a cylindrical tubular body 212,
A shaft 214 as a rotating body is disposed at the center of the shaft 2. Then, the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 212 and the shaft 2
A cylindrical rubber body 216 (including a viscoelastic body) is adhered to the outer peripheral surface of 14.

In the rubber body 216, an inner cylinder 218 is embedded concentrically around the shaft 214. As a result, the rubber body 216 becomes a multilayer, and the shaft 2
The thickness of the rubber body 216 surrounded by the inner cylinder 218 and the inner cylinder 218 and the inner cylinder 218 and the cylinder 212 is reduced.

On the other hand, a bracket 220 protrudes from the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 212, and an arm 222 is connected to the bracket 220. Also, shaft 2
A pair of arms 224 is connected to both ends of the fourteen.

Next, the damper 210 according to this embodiment will be described. Through the damper 210, the arms 222, 2
By rotatably connecting the rubber members 24, the rubber body 216 undergoes torsional shear deformation, and the vibrations of the arms 222 and 224 can be simultaneously attenuated. Further, by embedding the inner cylinder 218 in the rubber body 216, the thickness of the rubber body 216 is reduced, and creep deformation is less likely to occur. The more layers the rubber body has, the stronger it is against creep.

In this embodiment, only one inner cylinder 218 is embedded in the rubber body 216. However, as shown in a damper 226 shown in FIG. The upper part may be partitioned into three layers, the central part of the cylindrical body 212 may be cut open, a bracket 232 may be protruded from the inner cylinder 230, and a new arm 234 may be connected. Thereby, the three arms 222, 224, 23
4 can be simultaneously attenuated.

Next, a damper according to a tenth embodiment will be described. As shown in FIGS. 29 and 30, in the damper 236 according to the present embodiment, a spherical rubber body 242 is filled in a hollow spherical frame 240 to which an arm 238 is connected on the outer peripheral surface. A spherical body 244 is buried and fixed to the core portion.

Further, a pot-like opening 246 toward the core is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the spherical frame 240, and the spherical body 244 and the arm 250 are connected through the opening 246. In the rubber body 242, 248 is embedded on a concentric sphere centering on the spherical body 244, and the rubber body 242 has a multilayer shape.

The operation of the damper according to this embodiment will be described.
In this damper 236, the arm 250 can rotate 360 ° around its axis.
The arm 250 functions as a pivot joint in which the arm 250 tilts in all directions at an angle θ within a range where the collision does not occur. When the spherical body 244 rotates, the rubber body 242 undergoes shear deformation to exhibit a damping force. Further, by embedding the shell 248 and forming the rubber body 242 into a multilayer structure, creep deformation of the rubber body 242 is less likely to occur.

Further, energy can be absorbed even by a compressive force acting in the axial direction of the arm 250. Even if a tensile force acts in the axial direction of the arm 250, the diameter of the sphere 244 cannot be reduced. Since it is set larger than the hole diameter at the bottom of the portion 246, it does not fall out of the rubber body 242.

As a method of manufacturing the damper 236, as shown in the sectional view of FIG.
0, the shell 248, and the rubber body 242 are respectively manufactured and fixed by overlapping or as shown in FIG.
The opening diameter L1 of the shell 25 is larger than the outer diameter L2 of the shell 254.
4 is larger than the outer diameter L4 of the shell 256, and the opening diameter L5 of the shell 256 is larger than the outer diameter L6 of the shell 258, so that the rubber body 260 can be sequentially filled and assembled. .

The opening diameter L7 of the shell 258 is
Since the outer diameter of the shell 258 is larger than that of the shell 258, it is preferable to fix the lid 264 and partially cover the opening of the shell 258 to prevent the shell 258 from coming off. As a fixing method, screwing or the like is used. If the damper 266 is used in a place where the pulling force does not act on the arm 266, the lid 264 is unnecessary.

Further, even if the rubber body is not formed into a multilayer shape with a shell,
The damper can be constituted only by a sphere, a ball frame, and a rubber body.

Next, a damper according to an eleventh embodiment will be described. As shown in FIGS. 32 and 33, the damper 270 according to this embodiment includes an outer ring 272 attached to a base or the like. The center of the outer ring 272 is the inner ring 2
The disk-shaped rubber plate 276 is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 272 and the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 274. Further, an intermediate ring 278 is embedded in the rubber plate 276 on a concentric circle with the inner ring 274, and partitions the rubber plate 276 into two layers. Thus, the rubber plate 27
By using a multilayer of 6, the amount of shear deformation due to the rotational vibration of the inner ring 274 can be adjusted.

Note that the inside and outside of the intermediate ring 278
By using different types of viscoelastic bodies, the damping force of the damper 270 can be adjusted.

On the other hand, a rod 280 to which rotational vibration is transmitted is disposed in the inner ring 274. The rod 280 is supported by spokes 282 extending radially from the inner peripheral surface of the inner ring 274 to the center. In the present embodiment, the spokes 282 are vertically arranged in three stages, and support the rod 280 in a stable state.

The spokes 282 are formed of an elastic-plastic material having toughness (for example, iron, extremely low yield point steel, lead, engineering plastic, etc.), and before the rubber plate 276 as a viscoelastic material breaks and deforms. , Spokes 282 are designed to yield.

Next, the operation of the damper according to this embodiment will be described. When rotational vibration is transmitted to the rod 280 from the shaft 284 connected to the rod 280, the spoke 282
The inner ring 274 is rotated relative to the outer ring 272 via. Along with this, the rubber plate 276 undergoes rotational deformation (torsion), and the distortion at this time causes the shaft 284
Is attenuated.

Here, when the rotational force of the rod 280 increases, the spoke 282 yields as shown in FIG. 34 before the rubber plate 276 breaks and deforms, and functions as a safety valve for the rubber plate 276. Spoke 28 as this elasto-plastic body
In the case of No. 2, since there is a considerable margin before destruction, there is no possibility that the structure will collapse.

Although not shown, the inner ring 274 is not shown.
A stopper mechanism may be provided between the inner ring 274 and the outer ring 272 so that the inner ring 274 is locked to the base via the outer ring 272 when the rotational force of the rod 280 increases.

As a result, the rubber plate 276 is not broken, and when the spoke 282 yields down and the rotational force of the rod 280 increases, an elastic-plastic hysteresis loop is drawn and the rotational vibration of the shaft 284 is absorbed by the spoke 282. . Thus, rather than using spoke 282 as a safety valve,
It can also function as two vibration energy absorbing means.

In this embodiment, the spokes 282 of the radiation type are described as an example of the shape of the elasto-plastic body. However, as shown in FIG. 35 and FIG. Alternatively, the supporting plate 288 may be a thinned-out circular plate so as to have a petal shape in a plan view. That is, the shape, the number of steps, and the like of the elasto-plastic body are designed from the relationship of the breaking strength of the rubber plate.

Next, a damper according to a twelfth embodiment will be described. As shown in FIGS. 37 and 38, in the damper 300 according to the present embodiment, a thin friction ring 304 is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the rubber plate 302. This friction ring 304
Uses the elastic force of the rubber plate 302 to
, And is prevented from slipping with a rotational moment less than a predetermined value. A rod 308 is fixed to the center of the rubber plate 302.

Next, the operation of the damper according to this embodiment will be described. When rotational vibration is transmitted from the shaft 310 connected to the rod 308 to the rod 308, the rod 308 rotates relative to the outer ring 306. Along with this, the rubber plate 302 is rotationally deformed (twisted), and the rotational vibration of the shaft 310 is attenuated by the distortion at this time.

Here, when the rotational force of the rod 308 increases, the rotational force becomes larger than the frictional force generated between the friction ring 304 and the outer ring 306, and the rubber plate 302 receives the rod 308 while receiving a certain resistance. Rotate with.
Thus, by setting the magnitude of the rotational force at which the friction ring 304 starts to slide to be smaller than the breaking force due to the torsion of the rubber plate 302, the friction ring 304 functions as a safety valve and obtains a damping force as a friction damper. Can also.

In this embodiment, the rubber plate 302 is directly fixed to the rod 308, but the inner ring 314 is connected to the rubber plate 302 like a damper 312 shown in FIGS.
And the rod 308 may be fixed to the inner ring 314.

Further, the friction ring 30 is provided on the outer ring 306 side.
4, but the rod 308 side or the inner ring 314
It may be provided on the side.

[0118]

According to the present invention, the damping force can be easily adjusted and can respond to various movements of the damping object. Further, since the damper does not break down, the collapse of the structure can be prevented.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a damper according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the damper according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a damper according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a plan sectional view of a damper according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a plan sectional view showing a modified example of the damper according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a plan sectional view showing a modification of the damper according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a damper according to a third embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing the movement of a damper according to a third embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a damper according to a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a front view of a damper according to a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view showing the movement of a damper according to a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a movement of a damper according to a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a modification of the damper according to the fourth embodiment.

FIG. 14 is a front view of a damper according to a fifth embodiment.

FIG. 15 is a sectional view of a damper according to a fifth embodiment.

FIG. 16 is a perspective view showing a main part of a damper according to a fifth embodiment.

FIG. 17 is a front view showing the movement of the damper according to the fifth embodiment.

FIG. 18 is an exploded perspective view of a damper according to a sixth embodiment.

FIG. 19 is a sectional view of a damper according to a sixth embodiment.

FIG. 20 is a front view showing an installed state of a damper according to a sixth embodiment.

FIG. 21 is a front view showing a movement of a damper according to a sixth embodiment.

FIG. 22 is a front view showing an installed state of a damper according to a seventh embodiment.

FIG. 23 is a schematic view illustrating the movement of a damper according to a seventh embodiment.

FIG. 24 is an explanatory diagram of a damper according to an eighth embodiment.

FIG. 25 is an exploded perspective view of a damper according to an eighth embodiment.

FIG. 26 is a sectional view showing the movement of the damper according to the eighth embodiment.

FIG. 27 is a perspective view of a damper according to a ninth embodiment.

FIG. 28 is a perspective view showing a modification of the damper according to the ninth embodiment.

FIG. 29 is a perspective view of a damper according to a tenth embodiment.

FIG. 30 is a sectional view of a damper according to a tenth embodiment.

FIG. 31 is a sectional view showing a modification of the damper according to the tenth embodiment.

FIG. 32 is a plan view of a damper according to an eleventh embodiment.

FIG. 33 is a sectional view of a damper according to an eleventh embodiment.

FIG. 34 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a yielded state of a damper according to an eleventh embodiment.

FIG. 35 is a plan view showing a modification of the damper according to the eleventh embodiment.

FIG. 36 is a sectional view showing a modification of the damper according to the eleventh embodiment.

FIG. 37 is a plan view of a damper according to a twelfth embodiment.

FIG. 38 is a sectional view of a damper according to a twelfth embodiment.

FIG. 39 is a plan view showing a modification of the damper according to the twelfth embodiment.

FIG. 40 is a sectional view showing a modification of the damper according to the twelfth embodiment.

FIG. 41 is a sectional view showing a conventional damper.

[Explanation of symbols]

 12 inner cylinder 14 outer cylinder 20 rod 28 plate (moving body) 30 frame 34 disc spring (friction member) 90 wall 92 groove 94 cylinder (first friction member) 96 pipe (tube) 104 slit 106 cylinder (first) 2 friction member) 122 connecting pin 124 inner plate 125 wall pillar (wall) 126 outer plate 128 rubber plate (damping plate) 132 middle plate 134 shaft (shaft support means) 136 rubber plate (damping plate) 140 outer plate 194 circular hole (Connection hole) 198 Bearing 200 Shaft hole 202 Cylindrical rubber (attenuating body) 212 Cylindrical body 214 Shaft 216 Rubber body (Attenuating body) 218 Inner cylinder 220 Bracket 240 Ball frame 242 Rubber body (Attenuating body) 244 Sphere 246 Opening 250 Arm 272 Outer ring 274 Inner ring 276 Rubber plate (viscoelastic body) 280 Rod 282 Spoke (elastic-plastic body) ) 302 Rubber plate (viscoelastic body) 304 Friction ring (friction member) 306 Outer ring (frame) 308 Rod (rotating body)

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code FI F16F 15/02 F16F 15/02 E (72) Inventor Takahiro Shintani 5-8-16 Maeharahigashi, Funabashi City, Chiba Prefecture (72) Invention Person Masaharu Kubota 2 Tobanjima Construction Co., Ltd., Sanbancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. An outer cylinder slidably engaged so as to generate a frictional force between an inner cylinder and an outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder, and an outer cylinder attached to the outer cylinder in an axial direction of the outer cylinder. A rod for transmitting energy. 2. A moving body, comprising: a frame in which the moving body is movably inserted; and a friction member disposed in the frame and in contact with the moving body to generate friction. And damper. 3. A first arm attached to a first member and a second member which are relatively deformed by an external force acting on a structure, and a first arm having one end rotatably attached to the first member,
The first arm is used for a vibration damping device having: a second arm having one end rotatably attached to a structural member; and a connecting member rotatably connecting the first arm and a free end of the second arm. A wall disposed between the structural member and the second structural member, a groove formed on the wall along a movement trajectory of the connecting member, and the connecting member is connected to slide in the groove. A moving first friction member. 4. A first arm attached to a first member and a second member which are relatively deformed by an external force acting on a structure, and a first arm having one end rotatably attached to the first member, and
The first arm is used for a vibration damping device having: a second arm having one end rotatably attached to a structural member; and a connecting member rotatably connecting the first arm and a free end of the second arm. A pipe disposed between a structural member and the second structural member and curved along a movement trajectory of the connecting member, a slit formed along a longitudinal direction of the pipe, and the connecting member through the slit; And a second friction member that slides in the pipe and is connected to the damper. 5. A first arm attached to a first member and a second member which are relatively deformed by an external force acting on a structure, and a first arm having one end rotatably attached to the first member,
The first arm is used for a vibration damping device having: a second arm having one end rotatably attached to a structural member; and a connecting member rotatably connecting the first arm and a free end of the second arm. A wall disposed between the structural member and the second structural member, an inner plate fixed to the wall and curved along a movement trajectory of the connecting member, and the connection having a larger curvature than the inner plate. A damper comprising: an outer plate member to which members are connected; and a fan-shaped damping plate having a curved surface fixed to an outer peripheral surface of the inner plate member and an inner peripheral surface of the outer plate member and in contact with the wall. . 6. An attenuation plate which is fixed so as to connect an outer plate arranged face-to-face, an intermediate plate arranged between the outer plates, and an inner surface of the outer plate and an upright surface of the intermediate plate, and which can be deformed in-plane. And a bearing for rotatably supporting the middle plate with respect to the outer plate. 7. A damper used for a hinge portion rotatably connecting one member to another member, wherein the shaft hole is formed in one member, the connection hole is formed in another member, and the shaft hole and A connection pin inserted into the connection hole,
An attenuator fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the connecting pin and the inner peripheral surface of the shaft hole and connecting the connecting pin and the shaft hole; a notch formed in the attenuator; And a bearing for supporting the connecting pin so that the own weight of one member and / or the other member is not transmitted to the damping body. 8. A cylinder, a shaft disposed in the cylinder, an attenuator fixed to an outer peripheral surface of the shaft and an inner peripheral surface of the cylinder, and connecting the cylinder and the shaft; An inner cylinder buried concentrically around the shaft, and another arm connected to the one arm connected to the shaft and erected from the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder so as to be able to rotate relative to one arm connected to the shaft. A damper comprising: 9. A hollow spherical frame, a spherical body disposed on a core of the spherical frame, an attenuator fixed to an inner peripheral surface of the spherical frame and an outer peripheral surface of the spherical body and connecting the spherical frame and the spherical body. An arm connected to the sphere and extending to the outside of the sphere, and a mortar-shaped opening formed by cutting the sphere and the attenuator to allow the arm to pivot around the sphere. And a damper. 10. An outer ring, an inner ring disposed inside the outer ring, and a viscoelastic body fixed to an inner peripheral surface of the outer ring and an outer peripheral surface of the inner ring and connecting the outer ring and the inner ring. And a rod disposed inside the inner ring, and an elasto-plastic body connecting the rod and the inner ring to support the rod and having a yield point smaller than the breaking strength of the viscoelastic body. A damper characterized by the following. 11. A frame, a rotating body disposed inside the frame, a viscoelastic body press-fitted between the frame and the rotating body, and fixed to one of the frame and the rotating body. A friction member fixed to an outer peripheral surface or an inner peripheral surface of the viscoelastic body and generating a rotational frictional force between the frame body and the rotating body.