JPH1156325A - Device for preparing onion - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To need no vertical inversion of an onion, shorten the longitudinal length of a device and cut the foliage and roots of the onion in the optimal posture and in a stable posture not inclined. SOLUTION: This device for preparing onions has an onion-receiving and carrying mechanism A for receiving and carrying the bulb portion 4a of an onion 4 in a posture in which the foliage of the onion is downward inverted, a nipping and carrying mechanism B for carrying and nipping the bulb portion 4a carried with the receiving and carrying mechanism A from both the lateral sides, a stranding mechanism F for stranding on the onion carried with the nipping and carrying mechanism B to downward press the bulb portion 4a, a foliage-cutting mechanism D for cutting the foliage 4b below the carriage route of the nipping and carrying mechanism B, and a root-cutting mechanism E for cutting the roots 4c at the approximately same position in the carrying direction as that of the foliage-cutting mechanism D disposed below the stranding mechanism F.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an onion adjusting apparatus for cutting onion stems, leaves and roots.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional onion adjusting device is disclosed in
There is a technique disclosed in JP-A-135949. In this technique, while the onion is received and transported on a first transporting means, the posture is changed with a rotating brush thereon, and the foliage is turned downward, and the onion is held by a second transporting means below the first transporting means. And
During the cooperative operation of the first and second conveying means, the foliage is cut by the foliage cutting cutter on the lower side of the conveying path, and after cutting the foliage, the onion is turned upside down with a rotating brush, and turned to the lower side. The root is held by the third transport means, and the root is cut by the root cutting cutter below the transport path during the transport of the first and third transport means in cooperation.

[0003]

In the above-mentioned prior art, in order to perform foliage cutting and root cutting, onions must be turned upside down on a first conveying means, and the foliage becomes longer and longer. It is difficult to perform normal cutting because the posture changes due to cutting resistance at the time of cutting the root, it is difficult to achieve the optimum posture for cutting the root even if the onion is turned upside down.When cutting the foliage, cut only the foliage, the root is cut Sometimes, only the root is clamped, and the ball is not clamped at all. Therefore, there is a problem that it is difficult to stably cut due to tilting due to cutting resistance.

According to the present invention, the onion is placed in a stem and leaf downward position, and the ball portion is conveyed while being clamped from the left and right by a clamping and conveying mechanism, and the stem and leaves and the root are cut almost simultaneously while pressing the ball portion from above. It is another object of the present invention to provide an onion adjusting device which does not require the onion to be turned upside down, shortens the front-back length of the device, and can cut the foliage and roots in an optimum posture and in a stable state without tilting.

[0005]

A first concrete means for solving the problem according to the present invention is a holding / transporting mechanism A for transporting an onion 4 in a fall-down position with foliage while receiving and holding a ball portion 4a. And the ball 4 conveyed by the receiving and conveying mechanism A
a transport mechanism B for transporting while a.
A climbing mechanism F that climbs on the onion 4 being conveyed by the nipping and conveying mechanism B and presses the ball portion 4a downward; a foliage cutting mechanism D that cuts the foliage 4b below the conveying path of the nipping and conveying mechanism B; It has a root cutting mechanism E that is provided in the climbing mechanism F and cuts the root 4c at substantially the same position in the transport direction as the foliage cutting mechanism D.

As a result, the ball transporting mechanism B
The onion 4 is transported while being held down by the climbing mechanism F, and the foliage downward direction of the onion 4 is highly stabilized, and the foliage 4 is held at substantially the same position in the transport direction.
b and the root 4c are cut accurately. A second specific means for solving the problem in the present invention is that, in addition to the first specific means, the climbing mechanism F includes an abutting member F1 which abuts on the root portion 4c of the onion 4 and rides thereon. And a parallel link means F2 for supporting the contact member F1 in a vertically movable manner.

As a result, the posture of the contact member F1 is always kept constant, so that the onion 4 can be stably pressed regardless of its size. A third specific means for solving the problem in the present invention is that, in addition to the first specific means, the contact member F1 of the climbing mechanism F includes a contact substrate F1a connected to the parallel link means F2. And a contact adjustment plate F1b which is attached to the contact substrate F1a so as to be adjustable in height and which comes into contact with the ball portion 4a.

By adjusting the height of the contact adjusting plate F1b with respect to the contact substrate F1a, the height of the root cutting mechanism E is changed, and the remaining length of the root 4c after cutting can be adjusted. . A fourth concrete means for solving the problem in the present invention is a lock means for stopping the climbing mechanism F at that position when the contact member F1 rises, in addition to the second or third concrete means. F3.

As a result, when the contact member F1 rises, it is locked at that position by the locking means F3, and the root cutting mechanism E cuts the root 4c in a state where the height direction position is fixed. A fifth specific means for solving the problem in the present invention is that, in addition to any one of the first to fourth specific means, the cutting position of the foliage cutting mechanism D is slightly before the cutting position of the root cutting mechanism E. It is shifted.

As a result, the roots 4c are harder than the foliage 4b.
When cutting the onion 4, even if the onion 4 may tilt due to the resistance, the foliage 4 b is cut in advance, so that the normal cutting of the foliage 4 b is ensured.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 3, in FIG.
Are roughly divided into an onion adjusting device 2 for cutting the stem 4b and the root 4c of the onion 4, and an onion supply device 3 for intermittently supplying the onion 4 to the onion adjusting device 2 while lifting the onion 4 one by one from below. .

In the following description, the directionality in each drawing is based on the direction in which the onion 4 is conveyed, and the other directions are the same as the rear part, and the front part is the same as the rear part, and the front part is the same as the front part. The onion adjusting device 2 includes a receiving / transporting mechanism A, a nipping / conveying mechanism B, a foliage transporting mechanism C, a foliage cutting mechanism D, a root cutting mechanism E, a climbing-up mechanism F, a posture changing mechanism G, an excluding mechanism H,
It has a root hair lifting mechanism K, a small grain separation mechanism L, and the like, and is supported by the apparatus frame 6. The onion supply apparatus 3 has an onion lifting mechanism M, an input transport mechanism P, an associated removal mechanism Q, and the like. ing.

The holding and transporting mechanism A and the sandwiching and transporting mechanism B are arranged above and below the apparatus frame 6 in the onion transporting direction and on the left and right sides in FIG. The holding and transporting mechanism A transports the ball portion 4a of the onion 4 supplied from the onion supply device 3 while receiving the ball portion 4a. 4a is received and transported while being pinched from the left and right.

The foliage transport mechanism C is disposed below the transport path of the receiving and transporting mechanism A, and turns over the onion 4 so that the foliage 4b faces downward, and assists the transport of the onion 4 by the receiving and transporting mechanism A. Further, the attitude changing mechanism G is disposed above the transport path of the holding and transporting mechanism A, and the holding and transporting mechanism A is arranged so that the onion 4 is turned over and the foliage 4b is sandwiched by the foliage and transporting mechanism C. Change the attitude of onion 4 above.

The exclusion mechanism H, which is arranged at substantially the same position as the attitude changing mechanism G, has an onion 4 which is hard to be pinched by the foliage transport mechanism C even when the attitude is changed by the attitude changing mechanism G, that is, has no or extremely short foliage 4b. When the stalk-free onion stays in front of the posture changing mechanism G, the onion is removed and the transportation of the normal onion 4 is ensured. The climbing mechanism F is disposed above the transport path of the nipping transport mechanism B, climbs on the onion 4 being transported, presses it down, and controls the height of the root cutting mechanism E and the like. The height of the ball portion 4a is set by the downward holding, and the foliage 4b is set by the foliage cutting mechanism D on the lower side of the conveying path.
Is cut to an appropriate length, and the root 4c is cut to a required length by a root cutting mechanism E whose height is controlled.

The root hair raising mechanism K is disposed on the climbing mechanism F in the same manner as the root cutting mechanism E. Prior to the root cutting mechanism E, the root hair raising mechanism K is scraped upward so as to easily cut the root 4c. The small grain separation mechanism L detects whether or not the onion 4 is larger than normal when passing on the lower side of the climbing mechanism F, and discharges the small onion 4 of less than normal from the nipping and transporting mechanism B. Sometimes it is separated from normal onions 4.

Next, each mechanism of the onion adjusting device 2 will be described in more detail. 4 to 9, the holding / transporting mechanism A moves a pair of left and right chains A3 from a rear portion of the apparatus frame 6 (left side in FIG. 1) via a plurality of shafts A1 and sprockets A2 supported by the apparatus frame 6. A plurality of receiving plates A4 are provided on each of the left and right chains A3, and the left and right receiving plates A4 are opposed to each other with an interval for foliage insertion.

Each of the left and right receiving plates A4 is formed by attaching a rubber plate to a metal plate, or is formed of plastic or the like, and has a downwardly curved inclination toward the center gap side.
It is formed in a shape that fits well in the vicinity, and stably holds the ball portion 4a of the onion 4 at the central portion of a total of four (or two left and right) receiving plates A4. The left and right receiving plates A4
Is the transport path.

A rail A5 for supporting and guiding the outer ends of the left and right receiving plates A4 is provided on the left and right sides of the upper portion of the apparatus frame 6, and regulates the vertical and horizontal swing of the receiving plate A4. Therefore, even if the onion 4 is received, the vehicle can travel straight. A hopper 8 is provided on the apparatus frame 6 above the starting end side of the holding and transporting mechanism A, and a rolling prevention rubber plate 9 is vertically suspended in the hopper 8 in a swingable manner. The onion 4 supplied from the onion lifting mechanism M enters the hopper 8 and hits the anti-rolling rubber plate 9 to prevent rolling. Further, the onion 4 is prevented from being scattered by the side wall of the hopper 8 and the like. You will be guided normally.

The anti-rolling rubber plate 9 is supported by a support bracket G5 erected on the apparatus frame 6, which will be described later, so that the onion 4 repelled by the attitude changing mechanism G can be prevented from rolling. 4, 5, and 7, the foliage transport mechanism C includes a pair of left and right pulling-down rollers C1,
It has expansion / contraction support means C4 for supporting the left / right pulling roller C1 so as to be able to expand / contract in the left / right direction, and a torn foliage discharge plate C9.

The left and right lowering roller C1 is formed by coating a metal roll body with an elastic body such as sponge, rubber or the like, and forms a lowering conveying section C5 and a correcting screw section C2 in the axial direction. The pull-down transport section C5 is a pull-down roller C
1, a spiral groove is formed in the elastic body, and a round bar made of metal, rubber, plastic, or the like is spirally formed in the spiral groove or on the outer peripheral surface of the elastic body. To form a transport spiral C6. The transport speed of the onion by the transport spiral C6 is set to be substantially the same as the transport speed of the receiving transport mechanism A.

[0022] A scratching protrusion C made of rubber or plastic is provided on the transport start end side of the left and right metal rolls.
3 project radially from the roll body. A large number of the scratching projections C3 are protruded from the left and right rolls so as to be arranged in the axial direction and the circumferential direction.
Are positioned so as not to collide with each other. The straightening screw section C2 is located from the middle of the conveyance of the pull-down roller C1 to the end side, and almost overlaps with the large-pitch fast-forward section C2a whose conveyance speed is faster than the holding conveyance mechanism A, and the start end of the sandwiching conveyance mechanism B. And a stable feed portion C2b having a normal pitch whose transport speed is substantially equal to that of the nipping transport mechanism B.

In the straightening screw portion C2, a thin plate screw C7 formed of a sheet metal or plastic is attached to one of the right and left rolls, and the thin screw C7 is fitted to the elastic body of the other roll. Screw groove C8, and screw C7 and spiral groove C8 are formed.
8 has a large pitch in the first half and serves as a fast-forward portion C2a, and a second half has a small pitch substantially the same as the transport spiral C6 and serves as a stable feed portion C2b.

The expansion / contraction support means C4 is provided with an arm C11 for rotatably supporting both shaft ends of the right and left pulling rollers C1.
Is pivotally supported by the apparatus frame 6, and the left and right arms C11 are urged toward the center by a spring C12.
The center adjusting plate C14 fixed to the apparatus frame 6 abuts on the center adjusting screw C13, and the right and left pulling-down rollers C1 are separated by the minimum gap set by the distance adjusting screw C13 (the scratching protrusion C3 of the one pulling-down roller C1). Can be resiliently expanded from a state in which the leaves 4b are not in contact with the other pulling-down roller C1) to a state in which the foliage 4b is sandwiched between the left and right pulling-down rollers C1.

The right and left pulling rollers C1 are driven so as to face downward (in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 7) at the opposing portions, and mainly scratch the foliage 4b hanging down from the onion 4 on the holding and transporting mechanism A above. It is pulled downward while being scratched by C3, and the foliage 4b in contact with the elastic body of the roll body is also pulled downward. This retracted foliage 4
By engaging with the transport spiral C6, b is transported in synchronization with the receiving transport mechanism A while being pulled in, and is delivered to the fast-forward section C2a of the correction screw section C2.

After the onion 4 is received by the receiving and transporting mechanism A, the foliage 4b is sandwiched by the pull-down roller C1 and there is a time lag until the onion 4 is engaged with the transport spiral C6.
b is located on the rear side of the ball portion 4a and is not in a vertical overturning posture, but by entering the fast-forward portion C2a and engaging with the screw C7, the transport speed of the foliage 4b becomes higher than that of the ball portion 4a. The falling posture is corrected and becomes substantially vertical.

The onion 4 which has become substantially vertical is a stable feed portion C2b.
Is supplied to the nipping and transporting mechanism B which is substantially overlapped while maintaining the proper falling posture. As shown in FIG. 7, the torn foliage discharge plate C9 is formed of a plate material that is inclined downward from the back side to the front side, and the left and right pulling roller C1 is formed.
4b, which is attached to the apparatus frame 6 below the lower side and is torn off by the right and left pulling-down rollers C1 and falls.
Is protected from the outside of the apparatus, and the soil falling from the onion 4 being transported is protected from being applied to the power transmission system devices below the onion 4.

4 to 8, the attitude changing mechanism G
Has a base of an arm G2 pivotally supported on a support bracket G5 erected on the apparatus frame 6 via a horizontal axis G1, and a pair of rotary brushes G3 is provided on the arm G2 via a pair of front and rear rotary shafts G4. , A rotating brush G provided on the rotating shaft G4a
3a and the rotating brush G3b provided on the rotating shaft G4b are displaced in the left-right direction.

The arm G2 is swingable up and down around the horizontal axis G1. The support bracket G is positioned so that the pair of rotary brushes G3 stops at a position substantially close to the upper surface of the holding and transporting mechanism A.
The lower position is set by a stopper G6 provided in the fifth position. The pair of rotary brushes G3 is driven to rotate in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 6 by the power transmitted by the power transmission means via the horizontal axis G1, and the onion 4 loaded on the receiving and transporting mechanism A is defined as the transport direction. It can be rolled back in the opposite direction, and because the rotating brush G3 is displaced back and forth and left and right, especially because the rotating brush G3a is only half of the transport path of the receiving and transporting mechanism A, the receiving plate A4 The onion 4 is not only rotated in the front-rear direction but also in the left-right direction.

As a result, the onion 4 is rotated in various directions and its posture is changed, so that the chance of falling into the foliage 4b between the left and right pulling rollers C1 of the foliage transport mechanism C is increased, and the probability of foliage pinching is effectively increased. ing. In FIGS. 4 and 6 to 8, among the onions 4, those having no foliage 4 b or those extremely short and hard to be brought into a normal falling posture (unfoliated onion) are the foliage 4 b
Is not pinched by the foliage transport mechanism C, so that it cannot be transported by overcoming the resistance of the attitude changing mechanism G, and the elimination mechanism H is provided to eliminate such non-stalked onions.

The elimination mechanism H includes a stay detecting means H1 for detecting stalk-free onions staying in front of the rotating brush G3 of the attitude changing mechanism G, and receives and conveys the rotating brush G3 by the operation of the stay detecting means H1. Evacuation means H2 for retreating upward from the mechanism A, and extruding means H3 for retreating the rotary brush G3 and crossing the transport path of the receiving and transporting mechanism A to remove the shootless onions laterally (front side of the apparatus). Having.

The pushing means H3 of the removing mechanism H is configured to push the pushing plate H4 pivotally supported by the apparatus frame 6 via a shaft H6 and the pushing plate H4 in conjunction with the upward swing of the arm G2 by the operation of the retracting means H2. It has an interlocking connection member H5 that swings in a direction crossing the transport path of the holding and transporting mechanism A, and a reject chute H15 that protrudes outward from the side of the apparatus frame 6.

The extruded plate H4 is located at a position substantially overlapping the front-rear rotating brush G3 on the side of the conveyance path, and is formed by a plate material arranged in a vertical wall shape and a rubber plate attached to the side of the conveyance path of the plate material. A bent bar H7 is fixed to the extruded plate H4, a rear portion of the bar H7 is fixed to the horizontal shaft H6 in the front-rear direction, and the shaft H6 is supported by a support arm H8 protruding from the support bracket G5. An engagement piece H10 that is rotatably supported and engages with an engagement rod H9 provided on the arm H2 on the shaft H6.
And a return spring H11 is provided between the support arm H8 and the bar H7.

The interlocking connection member H5 is constituted by the shaft H6, the bar H7, the support arm H8, the engagement bar H9, the engagement piece H10, the return spring H11, and the like. Evacuation means H2
Attaches the motor H12 to the support bracket G5 side,
The rotating body H13 provided on the output shaft of the motor H12 and the arm G2 are connected by a link H14, and the arm G2 swings up and down by the rotation of the rotating body H12, and the pair of rotating brushes G3 of the holding and transporting mechanism A It is configured to be able to retreat upward from the transport path.

The stay detecting means H1 is formed by an optical sensor, and a light emitting device and a light receiving device are mounted on the left and right side walls of the hopper 8, and the light emitting holes H1 are formed on the side wall of the hopper 8 and the extruding plate H4.
7 are formed. The light projection position is the rotating brush G3 on the transport path.
The onion 4 staying in front of the rotating brush G3b, which is on the front side in the transport direction of a, is also detected when the onion 4 is repelled. The onion 4 supplied onto the holding and transporting mechanism A shields the light emitted from the stagnation detecting means H1 on the front side of the rotating brush G3 of the attitude changing mechanism G. However, if the onion is normal, the foliage 4b becomes the foliage transporting mechanism C
So that it is transported overcoming the resistance of the rotating brush G3, and if it is a non-stem-leaved onion, it loses the resistance of the rotating brush G3 and cannot be transported. This is detected by the stay detecting means H1, and the motor H12 of the retracting means H2 is operated for one rotation.

In the first half of the operation of the motor H12, the arm G2
Rises to retract the pair of rotating brushes G3 upward from the transport path of the receiving and transporting mechanism A (moving from the solid line position to the two-dot chain line position in FIG. 6), and at the same time, the engaging rod H9 rises and interlocks. Engaging with the engagement piece H10 of the connecting member H5, the extruding plate H4 swings around the horizontal front-rear axis via the shaft H6 and the bar H7 to move in a direction crossing the transport path of the holding transport mechanism A.

Although the onionless stem onion is conveyed by the holding and conveying mechanism A by retreating the rotary brush G3 upward, it is discharged from the conveying path to the lateral discharge chute H15 by the swinging extruding plate H4. When the arm G2 moves down in the latter half of the operation of the motor H12, the push-out plate H4 returns to the original position by the action of the return spring H11, and the rotary brush G3 returns to the position overlapping the transport path of the receiving and transporting mechanism A.

The exclusion chute H15 is provided with a sensing plate H16 for detecting exclusion of the stemless onion and an exclusion sensor S5. When the stemless onion is discharged, the sensing plate H1 is provided.
6 oscillates, whereby the exclusion sensor S5 operates to detect the elimination of the stalkless onion.
Is operated to supply new onion 4 to the receiving and conveying mechanism A.

9 to 12, the nipping and conveying mechanism B includes:
The nipping and conveying conveyor B1 for nipping and transporting the ball portion 4a of the normal onion 4 from the left and right while the foliage 4b is nipped and conveyed by the foliage transporting mechanism C, and slides the ball portion 4a in place of the holding and transporting mechanism A. And a left and right pair of plate-made ball receiving members B2 movably received. The nipping and conveying conveyor B1 is
A pair of conveyor belts B3 are disposed on the left and right sides of the conveyance path so as to face each other. The conveyor belt B3 is formed by continuously attaching a sponge block to the outer peripheral surface of the belt or attaching a sponge band material. A pair holds the ball portion 4a.

Each of the left and right conveyor belts B3 has a driving pulley B
4. The driven pulley B5 is wound around the two idler pulleys B6, the shaft of the left and right driving pulley B4 is supported by the device frame 6, and the shaft of the left and right driven pulley B5 is fixed to the device frame 6. Telescopic telescopic support B1
While being supported by the movable side biased in the direction of extension of 0,
Each idler pulley B6 is connected to each other by a connecting rod B11.
Is supported by an arm B7 supported by each shaft of a driving pulley B4 and a driven pulley B5, and a guide connecting rod B12.
, The pair of left and right arms B7, which are driven and driven, are urged toward the conveyance path by a spring B8, and are connected by an interlocking rod B9 so as to interlock in the opposite direction.

Onion 4 conveyed from the receiving and conveying mechanism A
The ball 4a is received in a state in which the foliage 4b is delivered from the foliage transport mechanism C and enters between the left and right ball receiving members B2, and the ball 4a is sandwiched between the left and right conveyor belts B3 and is transported. It is transported at substantially the same speed as mechanism A. When the ball portion 4a is sandwiched between the left and right conveyor belts B3, the conveyor belt B3
Is elastically held by the elastic deformation of the pulley B6. However, the gap between the left and right idler pulleys B6 is enlarged and elastically urged in the inward contraction direction to perform elastic holding.
a is not deviated left and right.

The right and left idler pulleys B6 are connected to an interlocking rod B9.
As a result, the center of the conveyance path is expanded and contracted symmetrically, and at this time, the distance between the driven pulley B4 and the driven pulley B5 also elastically expands and contracts. A carry-in sensor S3 is arranged at the start end of the conveying path of the nipping and conveying mechanism B, and a release sensor S2 is arranged at the end side. The carry-in sensor S3 moves from the receiving and conveying mechanism A to the nipping and conveying mechanism B. Is detected, the onion lifting mechanism M is supplied with the onion 4 in the same manner as the rejection sensor S5, and the release sensor S2 releases the onion 4 from the nipping and transporting mechanism B, that is, one onion. The completion of the adjustment work of the onion 4 is detected, and the offset of various sensors is performed.

When the carry-in sensor S3 and the exclusion sensor S5 do not detect the onion 4 for a certain period of time, the onion lifting mechanism M supplies the onion 4. 9 to 11, the foliage cutting mechanism D is configured such that a foliage cutter D1 is attached to an upper end of a pair of left and right rotation shafts D2 supported by the apparatus frame 6, and foliage discharging means D3 is arranged below the cutter C1.

The left and right foliage cutters D1 are ball receiving members B2.
And a left and right ball receiving member B2
The foliage 4b hanging from the gap between them is cut from the ball portion 4a at a position of a required size. The foliage discharge means D3 is formed by a belt conveyor, and discharges the residual foliage 4b cut by the foliage cutter D1 to the outside of the apparatus. The foliage discharging means D3 may be formed of a plate-made chute.

9 to 11 and 13, the climbing mechanism F is capable of moving up and down in parallel with a contact member F1 which comes in contact with the root 4c of the onion 4 being conveyed by the nipping and conveying mechanism B and rides thereon. And a lock means F3 for locking the parallel link means F2 so as to stop at the position when the contact member F1 rises.

The parallel link means F2 pivotally supports the base of the parallel link F6 on a support frame F5 erected on the apparatus frame 6,
An attachment body F7 is connected to the tip of the parallel link F6, and a contact member F1 is provided below the attachment body F7. The contact member F1 includes a contact board F1a fixed to the attachment body F7, A contact adjustment plate F1b provided on the lower surface side of the contact substrate F1a, and ascending and descending in parallel while maintaining the posture of FIG.

The contact member F1 has a sled shape in which the front part in the transport direction is substantially horizontal and substantially half of the front is raised, and the contact adjustment plate F1b is a plate which substantially contacts the onion 4 and the contact substrate. Attached to a rail provided on the lower surface of the front raised portion of F1a, it can move back and forth along the raised portion, and by moving back and forth, the vertical dimension from the contact substrate F1a to the substantially horizontal contact portion F1c. Can be adjusted, and the height of the root cutter E1 of the root cutting mechanism E can be adjusted. F
Reference numeral 9 denotes a contact adjustment plate F1b provided on the contact substrate F1a.
This is an adjustment tool for moving back and forth.

The auxiliary suspending means F8 pivotally supports the bell crank F11 on the supporting frame F5 and the gate-shaped supporting frame F10 erected at the front end of the apparatus frame 6, respectively, and connects one end of each of the front and rear bell cranks F11 to the contact board. Connect the front and rear ends of F1a with rod F
12 and the tension spring F is connected to the other end of each of the front and rear bell cranks F11 and the support frame F5 and the gate-shaped support frame F10.
The tension spring F13 elastically supports much of the weight applied to the contact member F1.
The onion 4 is abutted with relatively light force and is hung up and down smoothly. Therefore, the onion 4 is pressed from above onto the holding member B2 side by the contact member F1 riding on it, but does not hinder the conveyance by the nipping and conveying mechanism B.

The locking means F3 is provided on the contact member F1 and is a height sensor S1 for contacting and detecting the upper surface of the ball portion 4a on the side of the root, and swinging at the front of the contact member F1. A locking member F4 provided freely, a locking member F14 provided on the gate-shaped support frame F10 to engage with the rocking locking member F4, and a locking member F4 provided by a signal from the height sensor S1. And a release sensor S2 for detecting passage of the onion 4 in front of the root cutting position and degaussing the solenoid F15.

The height sensor S1 is attached to the contact substrate F1a at a position shifted left and right from the center in the transport width direction.
The onion 4 is brought into contact with the ball portion 4a at a position shifted left and right from the root portion 4c of the onion 4 being transported, and detects that the onion 4 has been normally carried to the cutting position. This height sensor S1 may be arranged at the center in the conveyance width direction in contact with the root 4c of the onion 4 being conveyed. However, the height sensor S1 is in contact with the ball 4a without being affected by the long root 4c. Carry-in can be detected accurately.

The lock member F4 has a vertical plate shape, and
The lower part is pivotally supported at the front side of one side via a pin in the front-rear direction, a horizontal plate is fixed to the middle part to form a lock piece F4a, a long groove F4b is formed vertically and a spring F
16 is urged toward the conveyance path. Gate type support frame F
A solenoid F15 is provided on the outer surface of the side wall of the fuel cell 10, and
The iron core F15a is engaged with the long groove F4b of the lock member F4, and maintains the engagement while allowing the lock member F4 to move up and down.

The locking member F14 is provided on the inner surface of the side wall of the gate-shaped support frame F10 so as to substantially face the lock member F4.
4a is formed of one or two plate members having a meshable saw blade portion. The lock member F4 swings toward the plate-shaped locking member F14 by the ON operation of the solenoid F15,
By engaging the lock piece F4a with the saw blade portion of the locking body F14, the contact member F1 is locked in the vertical direction with respect to the portal frame F10, and the solenoid F15 is turned off by the detection operation of the release sensor S2. Then, it is returned by the spring F16.

9 to 11, the root cutting mechanism E is arranged on the front side of the contact member F1, and the contact substrate F1a is provided.
A pair of left and right bearing members E2 supports a left and right cutter shaft E3 having a root cutter E1 and a power transmission shaft E4 for transmitting power to the left and right cutter shafts E3 via bevel gears.
And the power transmission between the lateral transmission shaft E4 and the transmission shaft E5 supported by the support frame F5 is enabled by the chain transmission means E6.

The left and right root cutters E1 are foliage cutters D1.
Although it is located at approximately the same position in the transport direction, to be exact, it is located about 1 cm forward, and cuts the root 4c immediately after cutting the foliage 4b. This is because the root 4c has more foliage 4
b) is relatively harder, and the onion 4 may tilt due to the resistance at the time of root cutting.
Cut accurately. However, it is also possible to improve the sharpness of the cutter and arrange the root cutter E1 and the foliage cutter D1 at the same position in the transport direction.

The root cutter E1 adjusts the position of the contact adjustment plate F1b with respect to the contact substrate F1a,
The relative height with respect to the ball part 4a can be changed, and the cutting position (root remaining length) of the root part 4c can be adjusted. The root raising mechanism K is disposed in the vicinity of the root cutting mechanism E and supports a pair of left and right rotating brushes K1 on a mounting body F7. The rotating raising brush K1 is connected to a horizontal transmission shaft E4 via belt transmission means K2. It is configured to be driven by power from the vehicle.

The height of the brush N1 is set to be equal to or lower than that of the root cutter E1, and the root hair of the onion 4 that has passed under the contact adjusting plate F1b is lowered at the opposing portion. The root 4c can be sent to the root cutter E1 in a posture in which the root 4c is lifted up by a brush that rotates upward. As shown in FIG. 9, the rotating shaft of the rotating brush K1 is inclined forward and upward, and the height of the brush can be changed by adjusting the front and rear positions. May be arranged.

In FIGS. 9, 10 and 12, a small-grain separating mechanism L is located in front of the root cutting mechanism E in the conveying direction to separate small-sized onions smaller than a certain size from normal onions. And a small-grain detecting means L2 for detecting that the onion 4 is small and operating the separation member L1. At the front upper end of the device frame 6, the foliage 4b and the root 4c are cut,
Is provided with a chute 10 for guiding the onion 4 discharged from the conveying path of the above to a container or the like.
A separation member L1 is swingably supported at 0 through a shaft, and this separation member L1 is swingable from a solid line position in FIG. 12 to a two-dot chain line position via a solenoid L3 and a return spring. For example, if the released onion 4 is of a normal size, the position is changed to a solid line position, and if it is small, the position is changed to a two-dot chain line position, and the chute 10 is guided to the container at two positions.

The small particle detecting means L2 is provided with
Sensor S3 for detecting that the onion 4 is carried into the conveyance path, a small particle sensor S4 for detecting that the climbing height of the climbing mechanism F is equal to or less than a certain value, and release of the onion 4 from the sandwiching and conveying mechanism B. And the discharge sensor S2 is provided at the front of the contact member F1, the small particle sensor S4 is provided at the side of the contact member F1, and the discharge sensor S2 is provided at the front of the contact member F1. The small particle sensor S4 is in contact with the upper surface of the device frame 6.

Then, the onion 4 is placed in the transport path of the nipping transport mechanism B.
After the carry-in sensor S3 detects that the vehicle has been carried in, if the contact member F1 of the climbing mechanism F does not rise or rises only slightly, and if the climbing height is below a certain level, the small particle sensor S4 does not operate. As a result, the separation member L1 is swung to the position indicated by the two-dot chain line via the solenoid L3, and the small onion 4 is discharged to a dedicated container. At the time of this release, the release sensor S2 detects the onion 4, and after a set time, the solenoid L3 is demagnetized and the small particle separation mechanism L is reset.

Since the operating height of the small particle sensor S4 can be adjusted, the lower limit height of the contact member F1 of the riding mechanism F can be set to a height at which it contacts normal onions, or slightly lower. It is preferable that the setting is made slightly lower so that even in the case of the small onion 4, the climbing mechanism F is operated to normally cut the foliage 4b and the root 4c.

The amount by which the tactile portion of the height sensor S1 protrudes from the contact adjustment plate F1b is made small so that the height sensor S1 does not detect passage of small onions. Alternatively, the small particle sensor S4 may be used instead. In this case, if the height sensor S1 is shifted left and right from the center of the transport path, the height of the ball portion 4a can be accurately detected without being obstructed by the root portion 4c.

The power transmission system R of the onion adjusting device 2 is shown in FIGS. 1 and 4 and the like. The power generated by an engine (or electric motor) R1 mounted on the lower part of the device frame 6 is a belt. The power is transmitted to the transmission case R2 via the transmission means and the tension clutch, and is transmitted from the output shaft R3 of the transmission case R2 to the central drive shaft R4.

The central drive shaft R4 serves as a central shaft for transmitting power to each unit via a chain transmission means or the like. The central drive shaft R4 of the receiving and conveying mechanism A via an input shaft R6 of the first gear case R5. Drives one axis A1 and another axis A
1 to the attitude changing mechanism G via the first
The foliage transport mechanism C is driven from the gear case R5 via the second gear case R7, and further, power is transmitted to the third gear case R8, and the foliage cutting mechanism D is transmitted from the third gear case R8.
The power for driving the foliage cutter D1 and the foliage discharge means D3 is taken out, and the nipping / conveying mechanism B is driven via the foliage cutter D1.
Power is transmitted to the root cutting mechanism E and the root hair pulling mechanism K via 5, and each mechanism is driven synchronously.

FIG. 14 shows a modification of the holding and transporting mechanism A, in which a shaft A1 and a sprocket A2 are arranged above and below the front and rear ends of the apparatus frame 6, and a pair of left and right chains A3 to which a receiving plate A4 is attached. Is extended to the front end of the nipping and conveying conveyor B1 of the nipping and conveying mechanism B, and the holding member B2
The role of. In the holding transport mechanism A of this modification,
The ball portion 4a is received in the entire transport process for adjusting the onion 4, and the posture is changed while the leaf portion 4a is received by the receiving plate A4, foliage transport,
Work such as jaw pinching, foliage cutting and root cutting are performed.

Next, each mechanism of the onion supply device 3 will be described in detail. The onion supply device 3 is provided with an onion lifting mechanism M and a loading / conveying mechanism P adjacent to each other, and has an associated removal mechanism Q provided in the onion lifting mechanism M, and is assembled independently of the onion adjustment device 2. 1, or are foldably connected via a connecting mechanism W as shown in FIGS.

In FIGS. 1 to 3, 15 to 20, the loading and conveying mechanism P of the onion supply device 3 is disposed substantially horizontally, and the conveyor means P 4 is disposed within the supply device frame 11. A foldable container table P5 is provided at the lower rear. The conveyor means P
Reference numeral 4 denotes a pair of left and right endless chains P2 provided with a plurality of circumferentially extending receiving plates P3, which drives the motor P9 with electric power generated by the engine R1 or electric power from a power supply.

In the upper rear part of the supply device frame 11, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 0, an engagement portion P provided with a guide plate P7 and engaged with an upper edge of a container P6 placed on a container table P5.
8 is formed, and the container P6 is lifted while rotating from the state where the upper edge of the container P6 is engaged with the engaging portion P8, so that the onion 4 in the container P6 is kept in a state where the container P6 is deposited. Conveyor means P4 via P7
Can be put on top.

The onion lifting mechanism M supports a pair of left and right wound bodies (chains) M1 via a rotating shaft and sprockets on a mechanism frame 7 connected to the supply apparatus frame 11 so as to freely rotate. A plurality of buckets M2 are provided on the rotating body M1 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and the motor M7 is driven by electric power generated by the engine R1 and the like, similarly to the above-described charging and conveying mechanism P.

A lower holding section M3 for holding the onion 4 supplied from the conveyor means P4 is formed in a lower portion of the mechanism frame 7 (or a front portion of the supply device frame 11). In the lower holding portion M3, a pressure receiving plate M5 that contacts the holding onion 4, a spring M6 that elastically supports the pressure receiving plate M5, and a pressure receiving plate M that opposes the spring M6.
A holding amount limiting means M4 having a pressure receiving sensor S6 for detecting the swinging movement of the holding member 5 is provided.

The holding amount limiting means M4 is provided with a lower holding unit M
When the reserved onion exceeds a certain level in 3, the pressure receiving plate M5 swings,
The pressure receiving sensor S6 detects this, and temporarily stops the feeding conveyance mechanism P to limit the increase in the reserved amount. The bucket M2 is formed in a human shape having four fingers by bending or welding a bar material, and runs up the lower holding section M3 from below to scoop up the reserved onions one by one. It's easier.

The upper part of the mechanism frame 7 is shown in FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 6, a supply sensor S7 for detecting passage of the bucket M2 is provided. When the motor M7 is driven by the onion supply signal from the rejection sensor S5 or the carry-in sensor S3, the bucket M2 moves by one pitch and one onion 4 is supplied from one bucket M2 to the onion adjustment device 2, and the supply is performed. The sensor S7 detects this and stops the motor M7 once.

Since the onions 4 have long stems and leaves 4b, when the onions 4b are scooped up, extra onions 4 may be lifted by being caught on the buckets M2 or the onions 4 to be scooped up. Is provided with an accompanying removal mechanism Q for removing the slag.

The accompanying removal mechanism Q is supported by the mechanism frame 7 and lifts the onion after passing through the bucket M2, advances to the transport path side, and scrapes off the accompanying onion 4 hanging from the bucket M2; It has a wiping member Q4 that traverses the onion lifting transport path before passing through the bucket M2, and wipes off the associated onion 4 riding on the regular lifting onion 4.

The scraping member Q1 is formed by bending or welding a bar material, and has a substantially bent arm-shaped pushing portion Q3 and two pushing members Q3 fixed to the pushing portion Q3. And a finger-shaped scraping portion Q2. The pushing portion Q3 is disposed on the left and right sides of the onion lifting transport path and is urged toward the onion lifting transport path side by a spring Q7. The pushing section Q3 comes into contact with the bucket M2 and pushes the scraping section Q2 away from the onion lifting transport path. The scraper Q2 is moved and opened, and when the contact with the bucket M2 is released, the scraping section Q2 is lifted onion, advances to the transport path, and is closed.

When the upper end of the pushing portion Q3 is disengaged from the bucket M2 and urged by the spring Q7 to lift the onion, the scraping portion Q2 is moved to the bucket M2.
It is closed so as to grab the accompanying onion hanging from it, and is scraped off from the regular onion 4 in the rising bucket M2 to be separated. The wiping member Q4 is provided with a bar-shaped arm portion Q6 bent at two places, a palm-shaped wiping portion Q5 made of an arc-shaped cross section on the arm portion Q6, and an arm portion provided at a base side of the arm portion Q6. It has a timing plate Q8 made of a triangular plate for setting the advance timing of the payout section Q5 together with Q6.

The arm portion Q6 is disposed on one of the left and right sides of the onion lifting transport path, is urged toward the onion lifting transport path side by a spring Q9, and is provided with a bucket M2 having accompanying onions (upstream onion) to be removed. When the tip of the bucket M2 moves away from the preceding bucket M2, the onion can be lifted and swung toward the conveying path.
Abuts on a bucket M2 having an accompanying onion so that the rocking is prevented.

When the bucket M2 holding the onion goes up and the timing plate Q8 comes off, the arm portion Q6 swings to the side of the conveying path for lifting the onion and advances the removing section Q5 to the conveying path for lifting the onion. Abut and slap off like a slap. The bucket M2 detached from the timing plate Q8 then contacts the arm Q6 and swings it in a direction of lifting the onion and detaching it from the transport path, and maintains detachment until the subsequent bucket M2 reaches a predetermined position.

The removing member Q4 is connected to the arm Q6.
Can be configured to extend the leading end side upward and set the advance timing of the wiping-off section Q5 by itself, in which case the timing plate Q8 can be omitted. The scraping member Q1 is a scraping member Q
Like the case of No. 4, only the left and right sides may be provided, and the onion hanging from the bucket M2 may be hooked and scraped off by the scraping section Q2.

A guide chute 12 is provided at the upper end of the mechanism frame 7 so that the transported onion 4 can be reliably supplied to the onion adjusting device 2 when the rising bucket M2 is inverted. 2 and 3, the connecting mechanism W includes a folding connecting means W1 and a three-point link connecting means W2. The folding connection means W1 is provided with a hinge portion W3 at the rear of the device frame 6 to pivotally connect one end of the connection arm W4, and attaches the hinge portion W5 to the tip of the support member W10 protruding from the mechanism frame 7 or the supply device frame 11. The connecting arm W4 is pivotally connected to the other end of the connecting arm W4, and connecting portions W6 and W7 for pin connection are provided at a front portion of the device frame 6 and a rear portion of the feeding device frame 11.

The three-point link connecting means W2 has a top link connecting portion W8 at the upper center and a lower left and right link connecting portion W9 at the lower left and right sides provided on the front of the apparatus frame 6. When the onion adjusting machine 1 is used, the onion adjusting device 2, the onion supplying device 3 and the connecting arm W4 are arranged in a substantially straight line as shown by a solid line in FIG. Be able to supply.

When the onion adjuster 1 is mounted on a tractor and transported to a field or stored in a warehouse, the onion adjuster 1 is bent at the hinge portions W3 and W5 as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. The tractor is folded in the shape of a letter, and the connecting portions W6 and W7 are joined together and connected with pins to form an integrated state, and the three-point link mechanism of the tractor is connected to the top link connecting portion W8 and the left and right lower link connecting portions W9. Lift and transport with.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, but can be variously modified. For example,
The onion adjustment device 2 and the onion supply device 3 are provided with wheels so that they can be moved separately, or the onion 4 is directly put into the holding and transporting mechanism A of the onion adjustment device 2 by the container P6, or the foliage downward turning posture. Or it may be supplied.

[0083]

According to the present invention described in detail above, the onion 4 is transported while holding the ball portion 4a from the left and right without being turned upside down during the transportation, and while pressing the ball portion 4a from above.
The foliage 4b and the root 4c can be cut substantially simultaneously with the onion 4 in an optimal posture and in a stable state in which the onion 4 does not tilt, and the front and rear length of the device can be shortened.

The contact member F1 can be moved up and down while keeping the posture constant, and can be stably pressed down regardless of the size of the onion 4. The contact member F1 of the riding mechanism F can change the height of the root cutting mechanism E by adjusting the height of the contact adjustment plate F1b with respect to the contact substrate F1a.
The remaining length of c after cutting can be adjusted.

When the contact member F1 is raised, it can be locked at that position by the locking means F3, and the root cutting mechanism E can cut the root 4c more accurately with the position in the height direction fixed. When cutting the hard root portion 4c from the foliage 4b, even if the onion 4 may tilt due to the resistance, the foliage 4b is cut in advance to cut the foliage 4b.
Normal disconnection

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory front view showing the entire onion adjusting machine.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory plan view showing the entire onion adjusting machine.

FIG. 3 is a front view showing the onion adjusting machine.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory front view showing the entire onion adjusting device.

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a holding and transporting mechanism and a foliage transporting mechanism.

FIG. 6 is a rear view showing a posture changing mechanism and a removing mechanism.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line XX of FIG. 4;

FIG. 8 is a plan view showing a posture changing mechanism and a removing mechanism.

FIG. 9 shows a nipping transport mechanism, a foliage cutting mechanism, a root cutting mechanism,
It is sectional front view which shows a riding-up mechanism, a root hair raising mechanism, etc.

FIG. 10 is a sectional plan view showing a root cutting mechanism, a climbing mechanism, a root hair raising mechanism, and the like.

FIG. 11 is a right side view showing the onion adjusting device.

FIG. 12 is a plan view showing a nipping transport mechanism and a small particle separating mechanism.

FIG. 13 is a right side view showing locking means of the riding mechanism.

FIG. 14 is an explanatory front view showing a modified example of the holding and conveying mechanism.

FIG. 15 is a sectional front view showing a main part of the onion supply device.

FIG. 16 is a plan view showing the entire onion supply device.

FIG. 17 is a perspective view showing an accompanying removal mechanism.

FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram showing a scraping operation of a scraping member.

FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram showing a sweeping operation of a sweeping member.

FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional front view showing a loading and conveying mechanism.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Onion adjustment machine 2 Onion adjustment device 3 Onion supply device 4 Onion 4a Jade part 4b Foliage 4c Root 6 Device frame 7 Mechanism frame A Receiving conveyance mechanism B Nipping conveyance mechanism C Foliage conveyance mechanism D Foliage cutting mechanism E Root cutting mechanism F Mechanism H Elimination mechanism K Root hair lifting mechanism L Small grain separation mechanism M Onion lifting mechanism P Injection transport mechanism Q Accompanying removal mechanism R Power transmission system W Connection mechanism

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A receiving and transporting mechanism (A) for transporting an onion (4) while holding the ball portion (4a) in a falling posture with the foliage downward, and being transported by the receiving and transporting mechanism (A). The nipping and transporting mechanism (B) for transporting the coming ball part (4a) while nipping it from the left and right, and the onion (4) being transported by the nipping and transporting mechanism (B), and the ball part (4a) is lowered. A climbing mechanism (F) for holding down, a foliage cutting mechanism (D) for cutting foliage (4b) below the conveyance path of the nipping and conveying mechanism (B), and a foliage cutting mechanism provided in the climbing mechanism (F). D) and a root cutting mechanism (E) for cutting the root (4c) at substantially the same position in the transport direction. 2. The onion mechanism (F) includes an onion (4).
Contact member (F1) that rides on the root (4c) of the car
The onion adjusting device according to claim 1, further comprising a parallel link means (F2) for supporting the contact member (F1) so as to be able to move up and down in parallel. 3. A contact member (F) of the riding mechanism (F).
1) a contact board (F1a) connected to the parallel link means (F2), and a contact adjustment which is attached to the contact board (F1a) so as to be adjustable in height and abuts on the ball portion (4a). The onion adjusting device according to claim 1, further comprising a plate (F1b). 4. The climbing mechanism (F) has a lock means (F3) for stopping the contact member (F1) at that position when the contact member (F1) rises.
An onion adjusting device according to item 1. 5. The onion adjustment according to claim 1, wherein the cutting position of the foliage cutting mechanism (D) is slightly shifted from the cutting position of the root cutting mechanism (E). apparatus.