JPH1152949A - Scale display sheet and scale display device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make the relation of the tones constituting a scale visual in accordance with the principle of the scale. SOLUTION: The surface of the scale display sheet 1 circularly arranged with the scale on the sheet is printed with a circumference display part 3, plural diametral lines 4 connecting plural prescribed points and a scale display part 5. The plural prescribed points refer to the positions where the pitches of the tones constituting the scale are indicated. The entire circumference of the circumference display part 3 is determined as the frequency ratio of one octave and the pitch of the main tone (do) of the scale is determined as a reference position. The points described above are the positions of the angles directly proportional to the frequency ratios of the tones relative to this main tone. Consequently, the tones constituting the scale are arranged in order of the pitches.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the visualization of musical scales based on the principle of musical scales. More specifically, the scales are represented by geometric figures, so that the scales of the musical scales are formed. The present invention relates to a scale display sheet and a scale display device based on an understandable display method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, the pitch of a sound is visually expressed and described using a five-line staff, numbers, tables, and combinations thereof. However, there is a problem that it is difficult to understand the scale because the relationship between the plurality of pitches is not visualized based on the principle of the scale. Keyboard instruments, wind instruments,
Each natural musical instrument such as a stringed musical instrument has a unique pitch input mechanism. The pitch input mechanism of a conventional natural musical instrument has a structure inevitably generated by the mechanism of the musical instrument, and generally has a structure arranged linearly. With regard to the operability of the pitch input mechanism, each natural musical instrument has been completed to the level that there is nothing more in relation to the finger. However, this linear pitch input mechanism obscures the essence of music. This is because the pitch input mechanism does not express the relationship between sounds. In a DTM (desktop music) using a personal computer, an input interface includes a list window for inputting numerical values, a window of five lines for inputting notes using a mouse, a piano roll window for graphical editing, and the like. However, since these also have a linear structure like a natural musical instrument, the relationship between sounds is not expressed.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and has a scale display based on a scale display in which the relationship between the sounds constituting the scale is visualized based on the principle of the scale. It is an object to provide a display sheet and a musical scale display device.

[0004]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a scale display sheet for visually displaying the pitches of the scales, wherein the entire circumference has a frequency ratio of one octave. The sound is displayed at a position on the circumference having the principal sound as a reference position and at an angle corresponding to the frequency ratio of the sound to the principal sound. Therefore, since the relative relationship between the pitches of the respective scales constituting the scale is visualized based on the principle of the scale, the scale and the chord can be understood with a visual image, and the role of each sound and the difference in the scale can be seen. It becomes possible.

According to the invention described in claim 2, in the musical scale display sheet according to claim 1, the sounds include three or more sounds constituting a chord, and a position at which each sound constituting the chord is displayed. The chord is displayed by a polygon as a vertex. Therefore, the chord can be understood by a visual image by polygon display. In particular, when the sound is arranged at a position of an angle directly proportional to the frequency ratio, the main triads of the pure scale are three types of symmetrical triangular shapes, and the simpler the frequency ratio, the better the consonance. Principle can be expressed visually.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a scale display device for visually displaying the pitches of the scales, the input means for inputting pitch data indicating the sounds, and the pitches. The data is on a circle having a frequency ratio of one octave over the entire circumference and a reference position of the principal note of the scale,
The apparatus includes means for converting the sound into a position coordinate of an angle corresponding to a frequency ratio of the sound to the main sound, and display means for displaying the sound at a point of the position coordinate. Therefore, since the relative relationship between the pitches of the respective scales constituting the scale is visualized based on the principle of the scale, the scale and the chord can be understood with a visual image, and the role of each sound and the difference in the scale can be seen. It is possible. When the user plays or performs an automatic performance, the display position of the sound to be generated moves sequentially according to the flow of the sound to be played, so that the tone generation status of the musical sound is displayed in real time.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the musical scale display device according to the third aspect, the input area of the sound is displayed on the display screen of the display means at or near the point of the position coordinate of the sound. There is provided an instructing means for setting the position and instructing the input area, and outputting pitch data for instructing the sound by the instructing means. Therefore, a virtual key input button for pitch data can be realized on the display screen.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the musical scale display device according to the third or fourth aspect, it is detected that the sounds input simultaneously or sequentially by the input means include sounds constituting a chord. The chord is displayed by a polygon having a vertex at a position at which each of the tones constituting the chord is displayed, based on the output of the chord detection means. Therefore, the chord can be understood by a visual image by polygon display. When the user plays or performs an automatic performance, chord figures are sequentially displayed according to the flow of the sound to be played, so that the generation status of chords is displayed in real time.

[0009]

FIG. 1 is a view showing a first embodiment of a musical scale display sheet according to the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a scale display sheet, 2 is a center point, 3 is a circumference display section, 4 is a radial line, 5
Is a floor name display section, 6 is a main chord, 7 is a lower chord, and 8 is a chord. In this embodiment, the scales are arranged in a circle on a sheet of paper or plastics. A plurality of sounds used in music have a predetermined regularity in pitch (frequency), and those arranged in octaves in order of pitch are called scales.

On the scale display sheet 1, a circular display portion 3 centered on the center point 2, a plurality of radial lines 4 connecting the center point to a plurality of predetermined points on the circumferential display portion 3, a plurality of predetermined lines A floor name display section 4 for displaying the floor name is printed near the point (1). Here, the plurality of predetermined points are positions indicating the pitches of the tones constituting the musical scale, and the 360-degree circumference of the circumference display unit 3 is defined as a frequency ratio of one octave, and the main tone of the musical scale (de) ) Is a position at an angle that is directly proportional to the frequency ratio of the sound to the main sound, with the height of the reference being the reference position. More specifically, in the case of the C major scale, the position of the pitch name C (C) is set to the position of the lowest point, and the frequency is set to 1 to obtain the frequency ratio of other sounds within one octave. This is arranged on the circumference corresponding to the angle. As a result, the sounds that make up the scale are arranged in pitch order.

By using the above-described scale display sheet 1, it is possible to see the relative relationship between the pitches of the respective sounds constituting the scale and the role of each sound. The tonic (do) is the first sound that is the basis of the scale, and is the most important sound that often represents the scale, often serving as the end sound of the music. In the illustrated example, the angular position of the main tone (do) is set at the lowest point on the circumferential display unit 3. The upper tones (レ), middle tones (ミ), lower sub tones (フ ァ), sub tones (ソ), lower and middle tones (ラ), and conduction tones (シ) are arranged clockwise from the angular position of the tonic (ド). doing. The belonging sound (so) is the fifth sound, which serves to determine the tonic and is an important sound that governs the tonality, and is located at the top of the figure. The middle tone (mi) is the third tone, which is intermediate between the main tone (do) and the dependent tone (so), and is an important tone that distinguishes between major and minor. The lower belonging sound (fa) is the fourth sound, which is a sound that assists the functions of the main sound (do) and the belonging sound (so), but also has the function of the descending sound. The lower chord (fa) forms a lower chord 7, which will be described later, and becomes significant when a chord moves. In addition,
In the illustrated example, seven stem sounds are displayed, but derivative sounds may also be displayed.

Also, chords such as major triads are
By connecting the positions of the tones constituting the chords arranged on the circumference with lines, it is possible to display a polygon having the positions of these sounds as vertices. For example, the main tone (do),
A main chord 6 whose root is the tonic (de) is represented by a straight line connecting points indicating the respective angular positions of the middle tones (mi) and the tones (so),
A straight line connecting points indicating the angular positions of the lower sub-tone (fa), the lower middle tone (la), and the main tone (do) represents the lower sub-chord 7 having the lower sub-tone (fa) as the root tone. In addition, a straight line connecting the points indicating the angular positions of the base sound (so), the conduction sound (shi), and the upper principal sound (re) represents the base chord 8 having the base sound (so) as a root sound. In the pure scale, the principal triad is a triangle having three types of symmetry, and the simpler the frequency ratio, the better the principle of harmonious coordination. In addition, it can be visually and intuitively understood that the above-mentioned seven tones constituting the scale are composed of these main triads. Not only the main triad, but also other chords such as other triads and a genus seven chord to which the seventh sound is added can be displayed.

In this figure, the line types of the main chord 6, the lower sub-chord 7, and the sub-chord 8 are displayed differently as a solid line, a broken line, and an alternate long and short dash line, respectively. May be categorized and displayed. For example, the main chord 6 may be displayed in red, the lower chord 7 in green, and the chord 8 in blue.
Of course, it is also possible to display with the same line type and color, and different displays may be made by combining the line type, color, line thickness and the like. It is preferable to display the chord figures from the circumferential display portion 3 and the radial line 4 serving as the background so as to be emphasized.

In the illustrated example, the chord is displayed as a line figure. However, the chord is displayed as a plane figure, that is, a figure in which an area surrounded by the above-described line figure is filled with a predetermined color. Is also good. In this case, the color of the overlapping area when a plurality of chords are displayed may be appropriately overwritten by a newly drawn chord, for example. In place of the polygonal display, a bone-shaped display is used in which the line type, color, line thickness, etc. of the radial line 4 connecting between each coordinate position of the sound constituting the chord and the center point 2 are different. You may.

As described above, the scale display sheet 1 shown in FIG.
According to this, the scale and chord can be understood by a visual image, so that it is easy to see the flow of the melody of the sound and to assemble the melody, and it is particularly easy for a beginner of music to understand the music. Therefore, it can be used as a teaching tool. When the pitch exceeds one octave of the scale, the ratio of the frequency of the tonic in the new octave region to the frequency of the principal tone may be obtained and converted into an angle. In addition, a plurality of scale display figures are separately provided for each octave, and a plurality of scale display figures are arranged.
It is also possible to display on a single sheet.

FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining an example of use of the first embodiment of the musical scale display sheet of the present invention. In the figure, the same parts as those in FIG. FIG.
(A) is a scale display sheet 1 in a state in which chords are not displayed, and a circumference display section 3, a diameter line 4, and a floor name display section 5 are printed on the sheet. FIG. 2B shows the main chord 6 written on the musical scale display sheet 1 shown in FIG. 2A by writing or printing. The main chord 6 is a right-angled isosceles 3
It is represented as a square.

FIG. 2C similarly shows the subordinate chord 7 written on the scale display sheet 1. The subordinate chord 7 is represented as an equilateral triangle, and is at the highest balance position that completely divides the circumference into three equal parts, without any bias. Since the lower chord (fa) is connected to the main chord 6 and the chord 8 to be described later, the lower chord (fa) functions to assist the main chord (do) and the chord (so).
Thus, it can be visually explained that the lower chord 7 can transfer chords to both the main chord 6 and the chord 8.
FIG. 2 (D) similarly shows the note chord 8 written on the scale display sheet 1. The genus chord 8 is represented as an isosceles triangle. In FIG. 2A, it is sufficient that the angular position of the pitch of each floor name is known, and it is sufficient to simply print a scale line or a dot at the position of the circumferential display unit 3 instead of the diameter line 4.
Printing of the circumference display unit 3 may be omitted. The printing of the floor name display section 5 can be omitted if necessary.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the difference between the pure tonal scale and the 12-temperament scale. In this explanatory diagram, the floor name in C major is added to the sound name. The frequency ratio described in the column of each sound is simply a value obtained by dividing the pitch (frequency) of each sound by the frequency of the main sound “do”. “C”, which is one octave higher, has a frequency ratio of 2 and the angle when the circumference display unit 3 is divided into circles is 360 degrees, that is, the entire circumference.
Although FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 described above show the just intonation major scale, the just intonation minor scale, the 12 equal temperament scale, and the 12 equal temperament minor scale can also be displayed at the same angular position on the circumferential display unit 3. . FIG. 3 shows a circle division angle at the time of the 12-temperament scale.

FIG. 4 is a view showing a musical scale display sheet according to a second embodiment of the present invention. This is the scale display sheet 1 on which the 12 equal-tempered scales are printed and the main 3 chords are printed or written with a writing instrument or the like. As described above, when the scales are different, the angular position of the sound of each floor name is different. In the equal-tempered scale, the main triad is not displayed as a symmetrical triangle, but is a distorted triangle.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a third embodiment of the musical scale display sheet of the present invention. In the figure, the same parts as those in FIG. Reference numeral 4a denotes a radius line of the 12-temperament scale, and 6a, 7a, and 8a denote main triads of the 12-temperament scale. This embodiment is a diagram in which another scale, a pure tonic major scale and a 12-temperament major scale are superimposed, and the main triads 6, 7, and 8 of the pure intolerant major scale are thin lines and 1 tones.
The major triads 6a, 7a, 8a of the two equal temperament scales are indicated by thick lines. According to the scale display sheet 1, two types of scales can be simultaneously displayed. The triangle representing the chord can be printed in advance together with the circumference display unit 3 and the diameter line 4 or can be written later with a writing instrument.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the difference between the just intonation major scale and the Pythagorean scale. In this illustration,
As in FIG. 3, note names, floor names, frequency ratios, and circle division angles are shown. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the musical scale display sheet of the present invention. In the figure, the same parts as those in FIG. Reference numeral 4b denotes a radius line for the 12 equal-tempered scale, and 6b, 7b, and 8b indicate main triads of the 12 equal-tempered scale. In this embodiment, the pure intonation major scale and the Pythagorean scale are superimposed, and the major triads 6, 7, and 8 of the pure intonation major scale are thin lines, and the major triads 6b, 7b, and 8b of the Pythagorean scale are thick lines. it's shown.
In the Pythagorean scale, the tonic (so) is at a position of 180 degrees with respect to the tonic (do), as in the case of just intonation, that is, at a position of 1.5 in frequency ratio. In addition, the upper tonic (レ) and the lower subsonant (フ ァ) are also located at the same position as in just intonation. According to the scale display sheet 1 of FIG. 5 and FIG.
The differences between the Pythagorean scales and the like become clear at a glance, making them easier to understand.

FIG. 8 shows a purely tonal scale, a 12-temperament scale,
It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the difference of a Pythagorean scale with a cent value. The cent value is 1200 to the log of 2 of the frequency ratio.
Octave is 1200 cents, and one octave is equally divided into 12 and a semitone is set to 100 cents, so that all the notes are logarithmically equally spaced at 200 cents.

As shown in FIG. 1 and the like, the scale display sheet 1 described so far has a frequency ratio and an angle in order to arrange the pitches (frequency) of each sound constituting the scale on the scale. Is displayed in direct proportion to the above, and is suitable for displaying chords in a purely tonal circular scale arrangement. Such a frequency ratio is represented by a cent value instead of a mere proportional display, and the main tone (d) of the musical scale is displayed on the circumference display unit 3 having a frequency ratio of 1 octave and 1200 cents on the entire circumference. With reference to the reference position, the sound constituting the musical scale can be displayed at a position at an angle corresponding to the frequency ratio of the sound represented by the cent value. The display of the cent value is made so as to conform to the equal-tempered scale. In the case of the equal-tempered scale, beautiful numbers are obtained. If 100 cents corresponds to 30 °, one octave can be equally divided. Although the main triad is not displayed as a symmetrical triangular shape, even if the pitch exceeds one octave, the angle can be obtained by the frequency ratio of the principal tone in one octave region.

In the above description, the pitches of the scales are visually displayed on the scale display sheet 1, but the pitches of the scales are displayed in a similar manner on an electronic musical instrument such as a synthesizer or an electronic piano. Alternatively, it is possible to realize a musical scale display device by visually displaying it on a display screen of a personal computer. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a hardware configuration of an embodiment of the musical scale display device of the present invention.
In the figure, 11 is an electronic musical instrument main body, 12 is a keyboard portion, 13 is a speaker, 14 is a display portion, 15 is a scale switch, 16 is a display switch, 17 is a connection cord, 18 is a personal computer, 19 is a keyboard, 20 Is a mouse, 2
1 is a CRT display.

The electronic musical instrument main body 11 has a keyboard section 12 and a speaker 13, and can be played by itself. The display unit 14 is capable of displaying the same scale as the scale display sheet 1 shown in FIG. 1 and the like, in addition to the display functions provided in a general electronic musical instrument, such as displaying the setting states of various switches. The panel is provided with a plurality of setting switches, and among them, the scale switch 15 is a switch for switching the scale to be played to a pure major scale, a 12 equal-tempered scale, a Pythagorean scale, and the like. The display changeover switch 16 is a switch for switching a display mode of a screen displayed on the display unit 14, as described with reference to FIG.

The connection cord 17 is connected to a personal computer 18 by MIDI (Musical Instrument).
document digital Interface)
This is a code for inputting and outputting data and the like. The personal computer 18 has installed therein software for desktop music (DTM) having a sequencer function and the like.
In addition to the function of editing data and displaying a display window in the staff notation format and a window for inputting numerical values such as a pitch, a volume, and a pitch on the T display 21, and a function similar to the scale display sheet 1 shown in FIG. A scale display is provided. The pitch can also be input by operating the keyboard unit 12. In addition to storing the music data, the music data can be reproduced using the speaker 13 on the electronic musical instrument main body 11 side.

Next, a case where a musical scale is displayed on the display section 14 of the electronic musical instrument main body 11 in a state separated from the personal computer 18 will be described. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a hardware system configuration of an embodiment of the musical scale display device according to the present invention. In the figure, 31 is a CPU bus, 32 is a keyboard, 33 is a panel operator, 34 is a display unit, and 35 is an RO.
M and 36 are RAM, 37 is a CPU, 38 is an external storage device, 39 is an external interface, 40 is a personal computer, 41 is a tone generator, 42 is a DAC, and 43 is a sound system.

A plurality of blocks such as a CPU 37 are connected to the CPU bus 31 in parallel. The keyboard 32 is a block of performance operators corresponding to the keyboard 12 shown in FIG. 9, and the panel operator 33 is a performance operator such as a wheel operator or a setting operator of a tone parameter such as tone. The display unit 34 is, for example, an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display), and displays the operating state of various controls and the like, and also displays the scale according to the present invention. The ROM 35 stores preset data, preset tone color data, a conversion table, and the like, in addition to an operation control program executed using the CPU 37. The RAM 36 includes a working area for the CPU 37, a tone color editing buffer, and the like. The external storage device 38 includes a hard disk drive (HDD), a flexible magnetic disk drive (FDD), and a CD-ROM.
A drive, a magneto-optical disk (MO) drive, etc., in which tone color data and music data are stored and reproduced. The external interface 39 is a MIDI interface or a serial interface of RS-232C.
Performs serial transfer of MIDI data and the like.

The tone generator 41 receives a tone parameter from the bus line 31 and generates a tone waveform. It has a plurality of sound channels and can simultaneously produce a plurality of musical tones independently including a chord. The tone generator 41 may include a DSP (digital signal processor). DA
C42 is an A / D converter for converting a tone signal output as digital data from the tone generator 41 into an analog value, and outputs the analog signal to the sound system 31 including the amplifier and the speaker 13 shown in FIG.

The CPU 37 comprises a keyboard 32, a panel operator 3
3 for the operation information from the personal computer 40 via the external interface 39 and the performance information input from the personal computer 40 using the RAM 36 for temporary storage.
The performance information is displayed on the display unit 34, the sound source 41 is controlled based on the processed performance information, and the processed performance information is output to the personal computer 40 via the external interface 39. In some cases, the DAC 42 is also connected to the bus line 21 and performs mixing processing and the like by the CPU 37. The music data is stored in an external storage device 38 or supplied from a personal computer 40 via an external interface 39.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a functional block configuration of an embodiment of a musical scale display device according to the present invention. In the figure, 51
Is a note data input unit, 52 is a note / frequency conversion unit, 5
3 is a frequency / angle position conversion unit, 54 is a chord detection unit, 55 is a figure formation unit, 56 is a scale designation unit, 57 is a display mode designation unit, 58 is an image memory, 59 is a display, and 60 is a display control unit. is there. In this figure, only functions related to scale display performed by the CPU 37 are shown.

The note designation signal (KN) of a predetermined format, which indicates the pitch of the sound, which is input by the keyboard 12 of FIG. 9, is input to the note data input unit 51 and specifies note pitch (note name) of the sound. Is output. Note data input unit 51
Also inputs MIDI data and outputs note data of the same type. The note / frequency conversion unit 52 converts the note data into data common to different octaves, for example,
It is converted into frequency data of each sound when the tonality of the scale is 1 degree. The note / frequency conversion unit 52 outputs the frequency data to the frequency / angle position conversion unit 53 and the chord detection unit 54.

The frequency / angle position converter 53 receives the frequency data and converts it into position data having an angle corresponding to the frequency ratio of the input sound to the main tone of the scale. At this time, the position data is such that the entire circumference of the circle is a frequency ratio of one octave, and the principal tone of the scale is a reference position. Since the frequency ratio of the input sound differs depending on the type of the scale, the scale specifying unit 56 sets the pure tonic scale, 1
An angular position is determined in response to an instruction such as a 2 equal-tempered scale, a Pythagorean scale, and the like. The angle position data is output to the figure forming unit 55. On the other hand, the chord detecting section 54 detects whether or not a plurality of tones inputted at the same time on a keyboard or the like include a sound constituting a chord, and outputs the type of chord. The chord detecting section 54 stores a frequency pattern of a sound constituting a chord in a memory in advance, as described in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 60-14293, and stores a frequency pattern of an input sound. And outputs chord data indicating the type of chord. The chord detection unit 54 also stores a predetermined number of frequencies of sequentially input sounds, and outputs chord data even when the sequentially input sounds include the sounds constituting the chords, including the dispersed chords. You may do so.

The figure forming section 55 determines the coordinate position of the input sound on the display screen based on the position data of the frequency / angle position conversion section 53 and sets the floor name display section of the input sound to high. For example, a process for displaying a light or displaying a locus indicating a change in the sound sequentially input is performed. Further, based on the chord data of the chord detection unit 54, a process for displaying a triangle and a process for distinguishing the type of chord by differentiating the display of line type, hue, and the like are performed. FIG.
, A circle display 4, a diameter line 4, and a floor name display 5 as shown in FIG.
When displaying figures, characters, and the like serving as the background of such as, processing for drawing these is also performed. To display the sound level, sound level data is input from a sound source.

At this time, since the angle of the diameter line 4 and the display position of the floor name display section differ depending on the scale, the screen as the background can be switched by the scale designation section 56. However, like the scale display sheet 1 shown in FIG.
In some cases, the background screen may be played with just intonation and the input sound may be played with equal temperament. Therefore, the scale designation unit 56 can give different instructions to the frequency / angle position conversion unit 53 and the figure formation unit 55. To do. Display mode designation section 57
Indicates the type of screen to be displayed to the graphic forming unit 55 as described later with reference to FIG.

The figure forming section 55 outputs the formed figure to the image memory 58 as image data,
Displays the figure formed on the display 59. The display control unit 60 includes a figure forming unit 55, an image memory 58, and a display 59.
It performs synchronization and timing control of data transfer between each other.

The functional block configuration shown in FIG.
Although the electronic musical instrument main body 11 shown in FIG. 9 is used, a similar functional block configuration can be realized by the general-purpose personal computer 18 shown in FIG. At this time, sound input is performed by a keyboard 19, a mouse, and the electronic musical instrument main body 11.
And the scale is displayed on the CRT
This can be performed on the display 21. This feature
It is preferable that the scale can be displayed as one window screen by executing it by software for desktop music (DTM).

FIG. 12 is a main flowchart showing the operation of the embodiment of the musical scale display device of the present invention. The process starts when the power switch of the electronic musical instrument is turned on.
In, initialization of registers in the CPU 37 and the RAM 36 is performed. In S72, a parameter setting operation is performed using various setting switches on the panel. S7
In step 3, the performance process is performed by detecting a key event or the like on the keyboard 12 shown in FIG. In S74, display processing such as set parameters and scale display is performed. While the power is on, the processes of S71 to S74 are repeatedly executed.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing the panel setting operation shown in FIG. In S81, FIG.
It is determined whether or not the display changeover switch 16 is turned on. If it is on, the process proceeds to S82, and if it is off, the process proceeds to S83. In S82, the display mode is set, and every time the display changeover switch 16 is detected to be ON, the display mode A and the display mode B are alternately switched, and the process returns to the main flowchart shown in FIG. Here, the display modes A and B are display screens as shown in FIG. 15, but the display screens are not limited to these, and any number of display screens may be prepared and switched. Can be.

In S83, it is determined whether or not the scale switch 15 shown in FIG. 9 is ON. If it is ON, the process proceeds to S84, and if it is OFF, the process proceeds to S85. In S84, the scale is switched to the just major scale, the just minor scale, the Pythagoras scale, the 12-temperament scale, and the like. Each time it is detected that the scale switch 15 is ON, each scale is sequentially switched and the process returns to the main flowchart. In S85, it is determined whether or not other setting switches are ON. S when at least one is ON
The process proceeds to 86, and if all are OFF, the process returns to the main flowchart. In S86, other settings instructed are performed, and the process returns to the main flowchart.

FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing the performance processing operation and the display processing operation shown in FIG. FIG.
(A) is a performance processing operation. In S91, it is determined whether or not there is a key-on event by the keyboard, and if there is, the process proceeds to S92, and if not, the process proceeds to S93. In S92, the designated tone generation process is performed, and the process returns to the main flowchart shown in FIG. In S93, it is determined whether or not there is a key-off event. If so, the process proceeds to S94; otherwise, the process proceeds to S95. In S94, the designated tone is muted, and the process returns to the main flowchart.
In S95, it is determined whether or not there is an event of an operation element other than the keyboard, for example, an operation element such as a pitch bend wheel, a modulation wheel, and the like. If yes, the process proceeds to S96; Return to the flowchart. In S96, the processing of the designated performance operator is executed.

FIG. 14B shows the display processing operation.
In 01, it is determined whether or not the display mode set in S82 in FIG. 13 is the display mode A. If the display mode is the display mode A, the process proceeds to S102, and if not, the process proceeds to S104. In S102, the musical tone being generated is analyzed, and a chord is detected. S103
In, the detection result is displayed in a predetermined format in the display mode A, and the process returns to the main flowchart. In S104, it is determined whether or not the display mode is B. If the display mode is B, the process proceeds to S105, and if not, the process returns to the main flowchart. In S105, a chord is detected in the same manner as in S102, the process proceeds to S106, and a tone generation level for each tone being sounded is detected.
The process proceeds to step 107, where the detection result is displayed in a predetermined format in the display mode B, and the process returns to the main flowchart.

In the above description, the keyboard 12 shown in FIG.
Described the case of receiving a note designation signal from
The scale display can be similarly performed when extracting note data from MIDI data transferred in real time or MIDI data read from a file in the standard MIDI file (SMF) format. Electronic musical instruments that generate musical tones based on the above-described MIDI data are well known. If note data of musical tones generated in such electronic musical instruments is taken in, a series of musical tones can be displayed on a musical scale.

In the above description, the description was made in C major, and the key was not switched. However, a key specifying switch was provided, and the note / frequency conversion unit 5 shown in FIG.
2 may be controlled and the angle may be determined by converting the key tone of the designated key into a frequency based on the key tone. Alternatively, the scale display may be displayed in the same key of the same major (short) scale, for example, in C major, regardless of the key of the music to be played.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a display screen of an embodiment of the musical scale display device according to the present invention. FIG. 15A shows the display mode A, and FIG. Each of them indicates a display state when the main chord 6 is pressed by the keyboard. In the figure, the same parts as those in FIG. 111 is a display screen, 112a to 112
c is a scale name display section, 113 is a keyboard display section, and 114 is a sounding level display section.

This display screen uses the same scale figure as the scale display sheet 1 shown in FIG. FIG.
In (A), as in the case of the scale display sheet of FIG. 1, the main chord 6, the lower chord 7, and the chord 8 are displayed with different line types, line colors, line thicknesses, and the like. For example,
The main chord 6 is displayed in three colors: red, the lower chord 7 is green, and the chord 8 is blue. In addition, to display the specified scale name,
The scale name display sections 112a to 112c are provided, and the button display section of the designated scale name is highlighted by reverse display or the like. In addition, similarly to FIG. 1, the circumference display part 3, the radial line 4, and the floor name display part 5 do not necessarily need to be displayed.
The diameter line 4 can be replaced with a scale line or a point.

In FIG. 15B, in addition to the scale display of FIG. 15A, a keyboard display section 113 is simultaneously displayed in accordance with the keyboard layout. A sounding level display section 114 is provided in an area above the depressed key, and the sounding level of each keypress, for example, the velocity data at the time of keypressing or the volume envelope level at the time of sounding is displayed in a bar graph or the like. . In the illustrated example, the keyboard display unit 113
The line that shows only one octave range corresponding to the scale display part is displayed. However, the scale display part has the same floor name corresponding to the same angular position even in different octave ranges. To display.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing an example of transition of the display screen of the embodiment of the musical scale display device of the present invention. In the figure, the same parts as those in FIG. 121a to 121e are trajectories of sounds that move with the performance. Users can demonstrate ready-made songs,
This is an example of a case where an automatic performance is performed. A chord figure is displayed while the key button of the corresponding sound is highlighted according to the flow of the sound to be played. As a result, the tone generation status of the musical tone is displayed in real time in the course of the performance. For example, a case is shown in which a key “C” in an octave region having a C major key is pressed, and keys are sequentially pressed one by one up to “A”. The key-on sound is displayed as a line connecting the angular positions representing the heights as trajectories 121a to 121e.

First, as shown in FIG. 16 (A), the area “C” in the floor name display section 5 is highlighted.
Next, when the next key “隣” is depressed, the area “レ” is highlighted as shown in FIG. A linear trajectory 121a is displayed from the position to the position of "」 ". Next, when the next “mi” key is depressed, the “mi” area is highlighted as shown in FIG. Trajectory 12 from position to "mi" position
1b is displayed. Similarly, when the keys “F” and “S” are depressed, the state shown in FIG.
The state shown in FIG. Here, the trajectory 121c,
In addition to 121d, a thick solid line or a triangle of red main chord 6 is displayed.

In this case, the main chord 6 does not mean the generation of a chord by simultaneous key depression, but indicates that the melody includes three tones constituting the main chord. next,
When the key of “La” is depressed, as shown in FIG. 16 (F), a trajectory 121e is displayed, and a dashed line or a triangle of green lower chord 7 is displayed. This subordinate chord also indicates that the melody includes three tones constituting the subordinate chord.

The highlight display is maintained while the key is turned on, and the display of chords and the trajectories 121a to 121a are performed.
The display at 121e is maintained for a predetermined short time. Regarding the display of chords, when the next chord is detected and displayed, it may be displayed in a short time afterimage by, for example, displaying the chord lighter than a newly detected chord. In the above-described example, the keys are depressed one by one. However, when a chord is played by simultaneous key depression, the chords can be displayed similarly. With such a scale display, the explanation of the chord progression can be explained using a triangle in the figure, so that it is very easy to understand. At this time, a chord that has already been keyed off may be displayed lighter than a chord that has been newly keyed on.

In the above description, as the key is pressed,
Highlight display and trajectories 121a to 121 of floor name display section 5
Although both the display of e and the display of e are performed, either one of them may be displayed. In some cases, only the chord display may be performed without performing the highlight display or the trajectory display. Further, a point may be displayed at the coordinates of the sound on the circumference display unit 3.

FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a first example of another display mode according to an embodiment of the musical scale display device of the present invention. In the figure, the same parts as those in FIGS. 1 and 15 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. The display unit 14 of the electronic musical instrument 11 in FIG.
Can be displayed, but here, a screen displayed on the CRT display 21 of the personal computer 18 will be described. Reference numeral 131 denotes a button display portion of a major triad name, 131a denotes a main chord displayed as "C chord domiso", 131b denotes a subordinate chord as "F chord Farad", 131c denotes The genus chord is displayed as “G chord chord”. The button display section 131 of these main triad names also serves as a virtual key input button. Reference numeral 132 denotes an arrow indicating the position indicated by the mouse 20.

This display mode is not a display mode when a player performs, but is a display mode for learning a chord, and this example is a display screen for learning a main triad.
A graphic similar to the scale display sheet shown in FIG. 1 is displayed on the top circumference display section 3, and below the three circumference display sections 3 for illustrating major triads. Are lined up. First, the main chord 6, lower chord 7, and chord 8 are displayed as
No display or light gray display. The user moves the mouse 20 and changes the arrow display 132 to, for example,
Mouse 2 according to button display 131a of major triad name
Clicking with the button of 0 causes this button display section 131
a is highlighted and the triangle of the main chord 6 changes to a predetermined color. At the same time, the sound of this main chord is MI
The data is sent to the electronic musical instrument main body 11 as DI data and is emitted from the speaker 13.

Further, the floor name display section 5 arranged around each sound of the scale graphic not only displays the floor name, but also displays the floor name.
Also serves as a virtual key input button. Therefore,
When the floor name display section 5 is clicked, a sound corresponding to the floor name is generated in a predetermined octave area, as in the case where a key is depressed.

FIG. 18 is a diagram showing a second example of another display mode according to the embodiment of the musical scale display device of the present invention. In the figure, the same parts as those in FIGS. 1, 15, and 16 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. 141a to 141c are song name button display sections on which the titles of the famous songs and the motif of the start are described. 142 is a motif button display section. Here, the screen displayed on the CRT display 21 will be described. This display mode is a learning display mode for knowing chords included in the motif of the music.
When the user moves the mouse 2 and clicks the arrow display 132 with the button of the mouse 20 in accordance with the song name button display portion 141c, the song name button display portion 141c is highlighted and the automatic performance progresses and 12
When 1 is displayed and the performance is performed up to “S”, the triangle of the main chord 6 changes to a predetermined color. Motif button display section 14
Also when “2” is clicked, “Dremiso” is sequentially sounded, and the locus 121 and the triangle of the main chord 6 are displayed. When the floor name display section 5 is clicked, a sound corresponding to the floor name is generated.

FIG. 19 is a diagram showing a third example of another display mode according to the embodiment of the musical scale display device of the present invention. In the figure, the same parts as those in FIGS. 1, 15, and 16 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. 151 is a trajectory for guidance. The floor name display section 5 displayed near the position of the sound on the circumference display section 3 also serves as a virtual key input button, and by indicating the display area of the key input button with the mouse 20, this floor is displayed. Note data indicating a sound in a predetermined octave region corresponding to the name is input.

The guide track 151 is displayed in a light color in advance, and the user can use the mouse 20 to display the floor name display section 5.
When the arrow is aligned with the button display and clicked, the display of the trajectory 121 progresses in the order of "do", "re", and "mi", and is sounded. Note that when the sound proceeds in the clockwise direction along the floor name “do”, for example, when the floor names “shi”, “do”, and “re” are specified, “do”,
As for “Le”, the same pitch name is pronounced in the upper octave, and when the sound proceeds counterclockwise through the floor name “Do”, for example, “Le”, “Do”, “Sh” Is designated, it is preferable that a note name of the same floor name is pronounced in the lower octave for "shi".
This display mode is a convenient display mode for thinking of the motif of the masterpiece described with reference to FIG. 18 while looking at the trajectory for display, and for creating a new motif and thinking about it.

In FIGS. 17 to 19 described above,
The floor name display button 5 is a virtual key input button. To perform the same operation on the display unit 14 of the electronic musical instrument main body 11 shown in FIG. 9, the floor name display unit 5 is displayed by a pointer such as an arrow key button for indicating a position on the screen of FIG. By moving an arrow display or the like to the display area and pressing the confirm button, note data corresponding to the floor name can be instructed and sounded. Also on the screen in FIG. 15B, the display area of the floor name display section 5 and the keyboard display section 11
3. The position indicating the sound on the circumference display unit 3 and the vicinity area can be used as a virtual key input button area. Note that the floor name display button 5 is not assumed to be virtual, but a touch panel switch is provided on the display screen, or the floor name display button 5 does not actually exist in the vicinity of the display where the scale display unit is displayed and near the position indicating the sound. May be provided to input the floor name.

In the above description, the chord is displayed when a sound constituting the chord is detected from sounds inputted almost simultaneously or sequentially. However, the keys constituting the chord are depressed almost simultaneously. The chord may be displayed only when the display is performed, or the display method may be switched. When a chord is detected, the type name of the chord may be displayed in addition to the graphic display. In the scale display device, graphic display similar to the scale display sheet 1 described with reference to FIG. 4, FIG. 5, FIG. 7 and the like can be performed, and the radius of the circumference display unit 3 is set to the sound generation level. It can be changed accordingly. In this case, if a polygon representing a chord is displayed without displaying the circumference display unit 3, a graphic display such as a radar chart can be displayed each time a chord is detected, and the type of chord can be changed by a color difference or the like. Can be found at

[0061]

As is clear from the above description, according to the scale display sheet and the scale display device of the present invention, the relative positions of the respective sounds constituting the scale can be visually and intuitively viewed. effective. For example, in the case of a pure scale, the main triad is composed of three types of pure triangles, and it can be understood that the scale is composed of these triads. The scales and chords can be understood with images, so it is very easy to see and assemble the sound flow. This makes the music surprisingly easy for beginners to understand. Various triangular shapes, quadrangular shapes, and the like are formed on the scale graphic, and this graphic and its sound group have a unique nuance. This nuance could give you hints on songwriting. Since it is a very simple and beautiful figure, anyone can participate and enjoy it without getting bored, and the melodies and chords are understood while experiencing and experiencing the nature of music and nature.

There are 12 tones for both the major scale and the minor scale, and there are 15 tones including the enharmonic tuning. When these are viewed on the keyboard, the black keys used increase as # and ♭ increase,
The staff notation itself also feels very complicated when # or ♭ increases, compared to the clarity of the C major. As a result, even the scale comes to have a complicated feeling. However, the frequency ratio of the major scale is constant regardless of the major scale. Therefore, the scales of all tones are represented by the simple one scale display figure described above, and it can be intuitively understood that the basics of music are simple. The real scale figure has such a function.

According to the scale display device of the present invention, by using the scale graphic for the interface of the electronic musical instrument or the desktop music, the user can see the whole scale of the scale at the moment of inputting the sound, and There is an effect that a sound can be selected while looking at the relationship between chords. That is, it is possible to input while observing the relationship between sounds. In addition to simply inputting sounds, looking at the flow of sounds in a ready-made song using this graphic not only reveals the relationship between sounds, but also melody patterns. This is very helpful for composing. Beginners will be especially pleased because it makes it easier to understand the composition of the sounds of famous songs. While enjoying shapes and sounds, and also enjoying the relationship between shapes and famous songs, you will come into contact with nature and the essence of music, experience and understand melodies and chords, and you will be motivated to try to compose yourself.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a scale display sheet according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a usage example of the first embodiment of the musical scale display sheet of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a difference between a pure temperament scale and a 12-temperament scale.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a second embodiment of the musical scale display sheet of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a third embodiment of the musical scale display sheet of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the difference between the just intonation major scale and the Pythagorean scale.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a musical scale display sheet according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram for describing a difference between a pure intonation scale, a 12-temperament scale, and a Pythagorean scale in cent values.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a hardware configuration of an embodiment of a musical scale display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a hardware system configuration of an embodiment of the musical scale display device of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a functional block configuration of an embodiment of a musical scale display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a main flowchart showing an operation of the embodiment of the musical scale display device of the present invention.

13 is a flowchart showing the panel setting operation shown in FIG.

14 is a flowchart showing a performance processing operation and a display processing operation shown in FIG.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a display screen of one embodiment of the musical scale display device of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating an example of transition of a display screen according to an embodiment of the musical scale display device of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a first example of another display mode according to an embodiment of the musical scale display device of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a diagram showing a second example of another display mode according to the embodiment of the musical scale display device of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a diagram showing a third example of another display mode according to the embodiment of the musical scale display device of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 scale display sheet, 2 center point, 3 circumference display section, 4
Radius, 5th floor name display, 6 main chord, 7 sub chord,
8 Genus chords, 11 Electronic musical instrument body, 12 Keyboard part, 13
Speaker, 14 display, 17 connection cord, 18
Personal computer, 19 keyboard, 20 mouse, 21 CRT display, 111 display screen,
112a-112c Scale name display section, 113 Keyboard display section, 114 Sounding level display section, 121 Trace, 141
Song name button display area, 151 Guide trajectory

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A scale display sheet for visually displaying the pitches of sounds constituting a scale, wherein the pitch is a frequency ratio of one octave over the entire circumference, and the circumference of the circumference is a reference position of a principal note of the scale. A scale display sheet for displaying the sound at an angle position corresponding to a frequency ratio of the sound to the main sound. 2. The sound according to claim 1, wherein the sound includes three or more sounds constituting a chord, and the chord is displayed by a polygon having a vertex at a position at which each sound constituting the chord is displayed. Scale display sheet described in. 3. A scale display device for visually displaying the pitches of the sounds constituting a scale, comprising: input means for inputting pitch data indicating the sound; and inputting the pitch data by one octave over the entire circumference. Means for converting into a position coordinate of an angle corresponding to a frequency ratio of the sound with respect to the principal sound on a circumference having a frequency ratio of the scale and a principal position of the scale as a reference position; and A scale display device comprising display means for displaying points. 4. An instructing means for setting an input area of the sound at or near a position of a position coordinate of the sound on a display screen of the display means, and instructing the input area, 4. The scale display device according to claim 3, wherein pitch data indicating the sound is output by means. 5. A chord detecting means for detecting that the sounds input simultaneously or sequentially by the input means include a sound constituting a chord, wherein the chord is detected based on an output of the chord detecting means. The scale display device according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the chord is displayed by a polygon having a vertex at a position at which each constituent sound is displayed.