JPH1150402A - Tie-pad for track - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To increase the capacity of an elastic pad, by providing lateral holes of the breadthwise direction of a plurality of rails in the longitudinal direction of the rails, in the elastic pad and integrally forming a highly hard elastic layer at a specified position. SOLUTION: A number of lateral holes 2 of the breadthwise direction of rails are formed at every distance in the longitudinal direction of a pad body 1 made of an elastic material such as rubber and opened at both side faces of the pad body 1. High hardness rubber layers 1a having a higher hardness than other positions are embedded in a specified scope L of at least one side oppositely positioned to the central side of the track and integrally formed, when the pad body 1 is laid at the underface of the rails. In this way, the vertical elasticity can be increased by the action of the lateral holes and the rails can be supported ideally in a low spring constant and further, the breadthwise elongation of the tie-pad can be restricted. And since the elastic property which becomes soft gradually owing to the high hard elastic layers as it goes from the outside to the inside, is provided, the upper face of the pad is elastically lowered almost evenly at both inside and outside even when a larger compressive force acts on the outer side of the pad than the inside and hence, it is almost prevented from turning up.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a track tie pad, and more particularly to a track tie pad for preventing a rail from turning back.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Usually, a rail is fixed to a sleeper via a tie pad made of an elastic material, and is provided so that the vibration received by the rail when the train runs is absorbed by the tie pad.

[0003] By the way, when a train runs on rails,
In particular, the train oscillates left and right when traveling on a curve. In this case, the rails slightly return, that is, swing in the direction of arrow E in FIG. 11. Improvements have been made. In other words, when a train load is applied to the pad, a small return force, that is, a large compressive force is applied to the outside of the pad (on both sides of the track) rather than inside (the center of the track), so that the outside of the pad receives a large compressive force. However, even if the upper surface of the pad is substantially uniformly elastically lowered inside and outside, the small return is eliminated.

[0004] For this reason, a conventional tie pad for preventing small return is an inclined tie pad having a gradient that gradually decreases toward the center side of the track (that is, inside the pad), but the entire thickness of the pad body is uniform. However, on the upper surface of the pad body, the groove width on the track center side (that is, inside the pad) gradually increases, and the groove width outside the track (that is, outside the pad)
There are known those which form a groove in which the groove width gradually becomes smaller.

The above-mentioned tie pads for preventing small return are all made of a plate-like body in a basic shape, the thickness thereof is changed, or an uneven portion is formed on the upper surface, and is intended only to prevent small return. No other performance improvements required for the tie pad itself are intended.

On the other hand, other performances required for tie pads,
In other words, the elasticity in the vertical direction can be improved without significantly reducing the elastic resistance in the rail width direction with respect to the rail lateral pressure. A tie pad that can be ideally supported with a low spring constant has been proposed. To explain the outline of the tie pad, a pad body made of an elastic material such as rubber is extended in the rail width direction, and a large number of lateral holes opened on both side surfaces of the pad body are spaced apart in the rail longitudinal direction. The upper and lower surfaces of the pad body are provided with an upper surface groove and a lower surface groove extending in the rail longitudinal direction.

[0007]

The present inventor has conducted research on a tie pad for preventing small return, and as a result, the rail has a low spring constant while suppressing the lateral movement (rolling) of the rail head to be relatively small. The present invention proposes a track tie pad structure having a small return prevention function which can be applied not only to the tie pad ideally supported but also to a tie pad having no upper surface groove or lower surface groove.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, a track tie pad according to the present invention is provided on a pad body made of an elastic material such as rubber. Lateral holes are provided at both sides of the main body at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the rail, and when arranging pads on the rail, at least over a predetermined range (L) which is located on the opposite side to the track center side. A layer of a high-hardness elastic material having a higher hardness than the portion is integrally formed in the pad body. In the present invention, the upper and lower surfaces of the pad main body are configured to be flat, or the upper surface and the lower surface of the pad main body are extended in a rail longitudinal direction and a portion located between the lateral holes is deepened. It is preferable to provide a groove and a lower surface groove. Further, in the present invention, the groove width (W ₁ ) of the upper surface groove and the lower surface groove located at least in a predetermined range (L) opposite to the track center side of the pad body.
And one or both of the groove depths may be smaller than the groove width (W) or the groove depth of the other part.

According to the present invention, when arranging the pad on the rail without cutting the upper and lower surfaces of the pad body, at least over a predetermined range (L) located on the opposite side to the center of the track, the other portion is positioned above the other portion. By integrally molding the high hardness elastic material layer having high hardness, the pad body gradually becomes softer elastically from the outside to the inside together with the lateral hole action of the pad body. Even when a large compressive force is applied, the upper surface of the pad can be elastically lowered almost inward and outward uniformly, and almost no return can be made. Further, in addition to the above configuration, when the upper surface groove and the lower surface groove are provided in the pad body, it is possible to ideally support the rail with a low spring constant while suppressing lateral movement of the rail due to lateral pressure to be relatively small. Moreover, it is possible to almost eliminate the small return of the rail.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 is a plan view of a track tie pad according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional plan view of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along a line B-B, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a forming mode of the tie pad of FIG.

In FIG. 1 to FIG. 5, a plurality of pad bodies 1 made of an elastic material such as rubber are extended in the rail width direction when they are arranged on a rail, and are opened on both side surfaces of the pad body 1. The lateral holes 2 are provided at intervals in the rail longitudinal direction when the pads are provided. In addition, when the pad body 1 is laid on the lower surface of the rail, at least one side of the pad located on the opposite side to the center of the track is made of rubber having a higher hardness than other parts over a predetermined range (L). A high-hardness rubber layer 1 a is integrally formed so as to be embedded in the thickness portion of the pad body 1.

More specifically, the high hardness rubber layer 1a of the pad body 1 is made of, for example, a material having a hardness of 80 to 95, and the other portion of the pad body 1 has a low hardness of 55 to 70. Normal rubber is used. In the illustrated example, when the pad body 1 is laid on the lower surface of the rail, the high-hardness rubber layer 1a is provided on both sides opposite to the track center side. Considering the ease of construction, the detailed reason will be described later. Further, the high-hardness rubber layers 1a on both sides are formed such that the inner end portions on the track center side are formed at the tapered tip portions 7.

The pad body 1 is formed as shown in FIG. That is, a high rigid rubber material 16 having a substantially plate-like cross-section in the longitudinal direction and a substantially wedge-shaped cross-section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction is provided on the inner surface of each of the upper and lower two plate-like non-rigid plate-like rubber materials 15. After bonding, the core metal 17 for forming the horizontal hole is disposed so as to be sandwiched between the upper and lower non-rigid plate-like rubber materials 15, placed in a rubber molding die, and vulcanized and molded by heating and pressing. By extracting the gold 17, the pad body 1 having the lateral hole 2 and the high hardness rubber layer 1a having the above-described configuration is formed.

In the above, the compression elasticity of the pad can be remarkably improved by the presence of the lateral hole 2 extending in the rail width direction in the pad body 1.

Further, as a specific operation and effect of the embodiment of the present invention, a high hardness rubber layer 1a having a higher hardness than other parts is provided at least on the outside of the pad body 1 (ie, on the side opposite to the track center side). As a result, the pad body 1 has a softer elasticity gradually from the outside to the middle part side (that is, the inner spring constant is reduced). Even when a force is applied, the entire upper surface of the pad can be elastically lowered almost uniformly, that is, small return can be reduced. Further, by adjusting the thickness and the width (L) of the high hardness rubber layer 1a, the small return can be more effectively prevented.

In the embodiment of the present invention, a range (L) is provided on each of the inner and outer sides of the pad body 1 in order to prevent small return.
The high hardness rubber layer 1a is provided over the pad body 1
When the spring constant is increased only on the outside of the rail, when only a vertical load is applied to a straight portion or the like, the gauge is prevented from being reduced (maintaining the flatness of the pad), and the worker lays the pad body 1 on the lower surface of the rail. In this case, it is not necessary to check whether or not the high-hard rubber layer 1a is correctly positioned on the side opposite to the center of the track, which simplifies pad laying work and improves work efficiency. .

FIGS. 6 to 10 show a track tie pad according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG.
7 is a bottom view, and FIGS. 8 (A) and (B) are each C in FIG.
FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along line EE of FIG. 7, FIG.
0 is a sectional view taken along line FF of FIG. FIG. 11 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a use state of the tie pad, and FIG.
FIG. 2 shows an enlarged view of the left rail support portion in FIG.

In each of the above drawings, when a pad body 1 made of an elastic material such as rubber is disposed on a rail, the pad body 1 extends in the rail width direction and has a large number of lateral openings opened on both side surfaces of the pad body 1. Holes 2 are provided at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the rail at the time of pad arrangement, and both sides including at least one side located at the side opposite to the track center side when pad body 1 is laid on the lower surface of the rail. The configuration in which a high hardness rubber layer 1a having a higher hardness than other portions is provided over a predetermined range (L) is the same as the tie pad of the first embodiment of the invention.

In the second embodiment of the present invention, in addition to the above configuration, the upper surface and the lower surface of the pad body 1 are provided with an upper surface groove 3 and a lower surface groove 4 extending in the rail longitudinal direction when the pads are arranged. Moreover, in the upper groove 3 and the lower groove 4, the portions 5 and 6 located between the lateral holes 2 are deeper, and the upper groove 3 and the lower groove 4 are not overlapped with each other. They are arranged in a zigzag manner in the vertical direction when viewed from the viewpoint.

Further, in the upper groove 3 and the lower groove 4, when the pad body 1 is laid on the lower surface of the rail, the upper groove 3a located in a predetermined range (L) on at least one side located on the opposite side to the center of the track. The groove width (W ₁ ) of the lower surface groove 4 a is provided so as to be narrower than the groove width (W) of the upper surface groove 3 and the lower surface groove 4 in other portions.

An upper surface groove 3a and a lower surface groove 4a having a narrow width (W ₁ )
When the pad is laid, only one side on the side opposite to the center of the track may be used. However, in the case of the illustrated example, in addition to preventing the reduction of the gauge, and considering the ease of pad laying work, both sides of the pad body 1 Upper surface groove 3 having a narrow width (W ₁ ) over each range (L)
a and a lower surface groove 4a are provided.

FIGS. 11 and 12 show how the tie pad constructed as described above is used. The pad main body 1 is fitted into a shallow recess 14 provided on the upper surface of a concrete sleeper 13. Pad body 1 has rail 8
The rail 8 is elastically fastened by a bolt 9 via a rail clip 11 with a rubber packing 10, and the outer end of the rail clip 11 is further secured by a wedge piece 12 for lateral pressure bearing and gauge adjustment. It is supported.

In the above, the compressive elasticity of the pad can be remarkably improved by the presence of the horizontal hole 2, the upper surface groove 3, and the lower surface groove 4 in the pad body 1. Also, since the lateral hole 2 is provided so as to extend in the rail width direction,
The elasticity in the vertical direction can be improved without significantly reducing the elastic resistance in the rail width direction with respect to the rail lateral pressure, so that the lateral movement of the rail 8 due to the lateral pressure can be suppressed relatively small. Can be ideally supported with a low spring constant.

In the upper surface groove 3 and the lower surface groove 4 of the pad body 1, a portion 18 where each of the grooves 3, 4 and the horizontal hole 2 intersect is formed.
Is shallow, and is in a state where both side portions of the upper surface groove 3 and the lower surface groove 4 are connected to each other, so that the tie pad can be suppressed from extending in the rail width direction.

Further, as a specific operation and effect of the second embodiment of the present invention, a high-hardness rubber layer having a higher hardness than other parts is provided at least on the outside of the pad body 1 (ie, on the side opposite to the track center side in FIG. 11). 1a, the pad body 1 gradually becomes softer in elasticity from the inside to the middle side (that is, the inside spring constant is reduced). Even if the pad receives a larger compressive force toward the outer side, the entire upper surface of the pad can be elastically lowered almost uniformly, that is, small return can be reduced.

Further, in addition to the above-described structure, the upper surface groove 3a and the lower surface groove 4a having a small width (W ₁ ) are provided at least outside the pad body 1 (ie, on the side opposite to the track center side in FIG. 11).
, The pad body 1
Has an elasticity that is gradually softer from the outside to the middle part (that is, the inside spring constant is reduced).
Even when a compressive force is applied to the outside of the pad, the entire upper surface of the pad can be elastically lowered substantially uniformly, that is, the small return can be more effectively reduced by this configuration. Furthermore, by making the depth of the upper surface groove 3a and the lower surface groove 3b in the narrow width (W ₁ ) smaller than the groove depth in the groove width (W) of the other portion, the effect of reducing the small return is further improved. .

In a second embodiment of the present invention, it was provided a top groove 3a and the lower surface groove 4a of narrow (W ₁₎ on both the inside and the outside of the pad body 1 to prevent return small prevents gauge reduction In addition, when the worker lays the pad body 1 on the lower surface of the rail, the upper surface groove 3a and the lower surface groove 4 having a narrow width (W ₁ ) are used.
This is because it is not necessary to check each time whether or not a is correctly positioned on the side opposite to the center of the track, which simplifies pad laying work and improves work efficiency.

[0028]

As described above, according to the present invention,
In addition to the effect of improving the elasticity in the vertical direction by the action of the horizontal hole formed in the tie pad body, and ideally supporting the rail with a low spring constant, and suppressing the extension of the tie pad in the rail width direction, When arranging the pad body on the rail, a high-hardness elastic material layer having a higher hardness than other parts is provided at least over a predetermined range (L) on one side located on the side opposite to the center of the track. Is formed so that the pad has a gradually softer elasticity from the outside to the inside, and even if it receives a large compressive force toward the outside of the pad, the upper surface of the pad is almost uniformly elastic inside and outside. There is an excellent effect that it can be lowered, that is, little bounce can be eliminated. Further, one or both of the groove width (W ₁ ) and the groove depth of the upper surface groove and the lower surface groove located in a predetermined range (L) on at least one side of the pad body may be changed to the groove width (W) of another portion. Alternatively, the effect can be further improved by providing the groove smaller than the groove depth.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a track tie pad according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional plan view of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a molding mode of the track tie pad of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a plan view of a track tie pad according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a rear view of FIG. 6;

8A and 8B are cross-sectional views taken along lines CC and DD in FIG.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along line EE of FIG. 7;

FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along line FF of FIG. 7;

FIG. 11 is a partial longitudinal sectional view showing a use state of a track tie pad according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 12 is an enlarged sectional view of a rail support shown on the right side of FIG. 11;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Pad main body 1a High hardness rubber layer 2 Lateral hole 3 Upper surface groove 3a Narrow upper surface groove 4 Lower surface groove 4a Narrow lower surface groove 5 Middle part of horizontal hole of upper surface groove 6 Middle part of horizontal hole of lower surface groove 7 Tapered tip Part 8 Rail 9 Bolt 10 Rubber packing 11 Rail clip 12 Wedge piece 13 Concrete sleeper 14 Recess 15 Non-rigid plate-like rubber material 16 Rigid plate-like rubber material 17 Metal core for horizontal hole formation

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Yoshinobu Soda 1-4-1 Meieki Station, Nakamura-ku, Nagoya City, Aichi Prefecture Inside Tokai Railway Company (72) Inventor Soichiro Shimizu 2-chome Higashi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo No. 7-5

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A pad body made of an elastic material such as rubber, which is extended in the rail width direction at the time of disposing the pad, and provided with lateral holes opened on both side surfaces of the pad body at intervals in the rail longitudinal direction, In addition, when the pad is arranged on the rail, a high-hardness elastic material layer having a higher hardness than other parts is integrally formed with the pad body at least over a predetermined range (L) located on the opposite side to the track center side. A track tie pad characterized by the following: 2. The upper and lower surfaces of the pad body are made flat, or the upper surface and the lower surface of the pad body are extended in a rail longitudinal direction and deepened between the lateral holes. The track tie pad according to claim 1, wherein an upper surface groove and a lower surface groove are provided. 3. One or both of a groove width (W ₁ ) and a groove depth of an upper surface groove and a lower surface groove located at least in a predetermined range (L) on the opposite side to the track center side of the pad body. The groove width (W) or the groove depth of the portion is provided smaller than the groove depth.
Or the tie pad for a track according to 2.