JPH1147160A - Complete denture base - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To close a mouth cavity without applying a pain and uncomfortableness by providing thin closing squamae having expanding/bending elasticity and the prescribed width at the edge side sections of a complete denture base. SOLUTION: A thin outside closing squama 26 having expanding/bending elasticity and the prescribed width is provided at the outside edge side section of a denture neck section 21 planted with the upper jaw denture 22 of an upper jaw complete denture base 20. A similar closing squama 25 is provided at least at the depth side edge side section of the depth end section in a mouth. The closing squamae 25, 26 are integrally connected and formed to maintain airtightness. When the upper complete denture base 20 is fitted, the closing squamae 25, 26 are closely stuck respectively, and the passing of air is blocked. An inside closing squama 15 and an outside closing squama 16 are likewise provided on a lower complete denture base 10. The occurrence of anemia and edema caused by the continuous pressing or negative pressure in the mouth cavity is prevented, and a pain and uncomfortableness can be prevented.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to an improvement in a complete denture base.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art With the rapid aging of humans in recent years, preventive dentistry has been developed, but it is quite difficult to achieve a reduction in the number of patients using a complete denture base. About half of such denture base patients complain that the denture base they are using is prone to detaching or rising. Conventionally, various devices have been proposed to reduce or eliminate such dissatisfaction. 63-
There is also a proposal of providing a cavity for generating a negative pressure in the gingival contact surface 111 of the complete denture base as in 189210. However, if a cavity is provided in some places and a negative pressure is constantly generated, the gingiva in that part may be abnormally stimulated, causing edema or internal bleeding. Therefore, it is difficult to practically use it for health. JP-A-59-14
No. 4450 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 53644 propose that a thick pedestal made of an elastic plastic material such as sponge rubber be attached to a portion between the complete denture base and the gum. However, if such a thick pedestal is inserted between the denture and the gums, a large pressure is applied to the gums, and the occlusal force is impaired by the elasticity of the plastic material, making it impractical for both health and chewing.

[0003] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-138154 discloses a device in which a sucker (2) adsorbed on a gum is adsorbed on a gum (4) in an oral cavity, and the sucker (2) is fixed to a complete denture. However, if a suction cup having such a structure is left in the oral cavity for a long time, the gums are continuously pulled by the negative pressure, so that the gums may be deformed or ulcerated, and the mucous membrane and bone may be damaged. Therefore, it seems to be practical at first glance, but cannot be used for oral health. Furthermore, the proposal of Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 63-40908 proposes that only the peripheral end of the complete denture base is made of a rubbery soft resin having a thickness of 3 mm or more. There is a problem that there is a problem. Only a part is made of a special material and smoothly connected to the complete denture base with the desired cross section, and such a configuration achieves both adhesion and non-irritating to the gums. It is difficult to do that.

[0004]

Most of the above prior arts are based on the concept that a negative pressure is always applied to a stable attachment portion of the complete denture base to the gum. Such a concept is that the complete denture base is fixedly attached to the same position in the oral cavity for a very long time. Moreover, it is based on a concept ignoring the fact that the contact site at the time of wearing is delicate, such as gums and mucous membranes. Therefore, if the above-described prior arts are actually applied to a complete denture base, they may damage or cause pain in the oral cavity tissue, and if they are fitted so loosely that they do not exist, it is contrary to hope. This causes inconveniences such as the denture base being easily lifted and detached. Therefore, none of the prior art was suitable for practical use.

[0005] According to the knowledge and experience obtained by the inventor through many examples of dental practice, in order to prevent the denture base from easily coming off or being lifted without causing pain, anatomical maintenance,
A good complete denture base is required for various points such as adhesive strength, mastication pressure, and closure at the edge of the complete denture base. Of these points, anatomical maintenance, adhesive strength, mastication pressure, etc., morphology of ridges and mucous membranes, properties of saliva, strength of occlusal force, etc. If there is, it is determined as a patient-specific one, and the maintenance power is not greatly affected by the preparation technique. However, it has been impossible in the prior art cases to close a portion of the complete denture base that should be in close contact with the oral mucosa at the floor edge portion without causing pain or discomfort to the patient. Therefore, in designing and producing a complete denture base, achieving a good closure without causing pain or discomfort has been left as an important issue.

[0006]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

(1) The complete denture base of the present invention is characterized in that a thin closing valve membrane having a predetermined width is provided at the periphery of the complete denture base, which has elasticity and flexibility. (2) In addition, the complete denture base of the present invention has elasticity that extends and contracts flexibly from a substantially entire surface of the concave surface having a mountain-shaped cross section abutting on the ridge of the complete denture base to a predetermined width outside the edge. A thin closing valve membrane is provided. (3) In a preferred embodiment of the complete denture base of the present invention, the surface of the inside of the thin occlusion valve (1) or (2) (the side in contact with the mucous membrane of the ridge) is hydrophilic with respect to saliva. Be composed. (4) In a preferred embodiment of the complete denture base according to the present invention, the thin closing valve membrane of (1) or (2) is formed of a soft silicone resin of 0.1 to 3 mm in thickness for biological use. (5) In a preferred embodiment of the complete denture base of the present invention, the thin valvular membrane of the above (1) or (2) is hermetically attached to the saddle-shaped marginal end of the complete denture base that abuts the ridge. , So that it is formed in such a manner that it is in close contact with the ridge by its elasticity. (6) In a preferred embodiment of the complete denture base of the present invention, the closing valve membrane is provided on at least the back end of the upper complete denture base (1) or (2). (7) In a preferred embodiment of the complete denture base of the present invention, the closing valve membrane is provided on at least the inner arc-shaped portion of the horseshoe-shaped tooth base of the lower denture base (1) or (2).

[0007]

[Description of the preferred embodiment]

[Structure of the Present Invention] Prior to the structure of the present invention, the structure of a conventional complete denture base without a closing valve membrane, which is a feature of the present invention, will be described first with reference to FIG. . The conventional complete denture base includes an upper complete denture base 20 'and a lower complete denture base 10'. The upper complete denture base 20 'is connected to the upper complete denture base connecting part 23 which is in close contact with the mucous membrane of the maxillary ridge and the part following it.
And a maxillary denture 22 implanted in the gum portion 21 of the upper complete denture base 20 'surrounding the same. Also, the lower denture base 10 'is different from the upper denture base 20' in that there is no connecting portion to avoid the tongue base 33 of the tongue 3, and it is made almost in a horseshoe shape in plan view,
A lower denture 12 is implanted in the gum 11 of the lower complete denture base 10 '. 14 is a mandibular bone. When such a conventional upper denture base 20 'and lower denture base 10' are mounted and an attempt is made to bite a hard one with the front teeth, the upper denture base 20 'and the lower denture base 10' are often pulled forward. . For this reason, the complete denture bases 20 ', 1 which were attached to the maxillary and mandibular ridges, respectively, by surface tension due to saliva, etc.
O 'often detaches due to the pulling force and jumps forward. In addition, the lower denture base 10 ′ has a disadvantage that the tongue base 33 pushes the lower denture base 10 ′ forward due to the operation of protruding the tongue 3 forward, etc. Was. In addition, all of the lower and upper denture bases were easily caused by large and rapid changes in the shape of the oral cavity, such as sneezing and coughing, and the passage of airflow at high flow rates.

[0008] In the present invention, the edge of the upper complete denture base,
Among them, as shown in FIG. 7, it is important to provide the above-mentioned closing valve membrane at least at the edge of the back end. However, in actual products, it may not always be easy to smoothly and firmly attach the closure valve only to the marginal portions, and therefore, FIGS. 1A, 2A, 5A, and 6A.
It is also preferable to provide a closing valve membrane continuously from the entire surface of the concave surface having a mountain-shaped cross section (back surface of the upper complete denture base) abutting on the ridge of the upper complete denture base to a predetermined width from the entire periphery to the outside as shown in FIG. Further, in the complete denture base of the present invention, it is important to provide the closing valve membrane at the edge of the lower complete denture base, at least in the arcuate part inside the horseshoe-shaped complete denture base as shown in FIG. However, in the actual product, for the same reason as in the case of the upper denture base, the cross section that abuts the ridge of the lower denture base has a predetermined angle from the entire surface of the concave surface of the chevron (the back surface of the lower denture base) to the outside of the margin. It is also preferable to provide a closing valve membrane continuously up to the width. 1 to 8 show an upper denture base and a lower denture base according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention will be described in detail below based on this embodiment.

Upper Complete Denture Base As shown in the upper half of FIG. 1, an elevational front section, FIG. 2 shows an elevation side section, and FIG. 3 shows a bottom view, as shown in FIG. The upper denture base 20 is referred to as the upper denture 22 for simplicity.
An outer closing valve membrane 26 is provided on the outer edge of the denture 21 on which a denture 22 is implanted (hereinafter referred to as a denture 22 for simplicity). A valve membrane 25 is provided. Of course, the closing valve membrane 25 at the back end and the outer closing valve membrane 26 are integrally connected to each other so as to maintain airtightness. In some cases, as in another embodiment shown in FIG. 7, only the closing valve membrane 25 on the back edge of the back end 27 is provided, and the other outer closing valve membrane 26 is omitted, or
Alternatively, the width may be extremely small (the width of the protrusion from the end of the gum portion 21 of the complete denture base). With such a structure, when the upper complete denture base is mounted on the upper jaw, the closure valve membrane 26 on the outer periphery thereof is in close contact with the outside of the upper complete denture base gum and the inside of the cheek. In addition, the closing valve membrane 25 at the back end is for making close contact with the upper mucous membrane of the back end of the maxilla. Accordingly, the complete denture base 20 is airtightly mounted without air inflow and outflow by closing the valve membranes 25 and 26 between the gums of the upper jaw and the mucous membrane of the portion following the saliva due to saliva. In this case, since the closing valve membranes 26 and 27 at the outer peripheral part and the rear end part are flexible thin leaflets having elasticity of expansion and contraction and bending, unnecessary pressure is applied to each mucous membrane in the upper part of the gum buccal inner side or the upper part of the maxilla. Never give. In addition, when the complete denture base is normally worn, as shown in the cross section in FIG.
In addition, the valvular valve membrane 25 at the back end adheres to the inside of the cheek or lip and the mucous membrane at the back end of the upper jaw with its elasticity. In the modified embodiments shown in FIGS. 1A, 2A, 5A, and 6A, respectively, the entire back surface (the surface that contacts the chin base and the palate) of the upper complete denture base 20 and the peripheral portion from the back surface portion 25 '. Part 2 of a predetermined width out of
Up to 6, the closing valve membrane is continuously provided integrally. In the case of a certain type of biological silicone resin or the like that does not have a very large adhesive force with the resin of the complete denture base, this configuration provides stable adhesion between the two. In the modification shown in FIG. 7, a closing valve membrane 25 that extends from the back surface of the upper complete denture base 20 by a predetermined width to the outside of the edge is provided particularly at the back end portion, and the other portions protrude. The provided closing valve membrane 25 was omitted. For a patient or the like who is particularly sensitive to the presence of a valvular valve protruding outward from the ridge, it may be preferable that the location of the protruding valvular valve be small.
Many experiments have shown that in such a case where the installation place is small, it is effective to provide this in a place where the effect of the closure valve installation is particularly large, that is, especially at the back end portion 25 as shown in FIG. Was.

[Lower Complete Denture Base] The lower complete denture base 10 for the lower jaw is provided on the lower half of the center and the lower half of the tongue 3 so as not to hit the lower tongue base 33 of the tongue 3 as shown in FIGS. It has a slightly concave horseshoe shape in plan view with a concave. On the gum portion 11 of the complete denture base 10, a lower denture 12 is implanted. An outer peripheral closing valve membrane 16 is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the complete denture base, and in particular, an inner closing valve membrane 15 is provided on at least the inner side of the horseshoe shape, and these two closing valve membranes 15 and 16 are integrated near the inner end. It is connected to.
Therefore, when the lower complete denture base 10 is worn and worn, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 2 and the normal state, as shown in FIG. 2, the outer valve leaflets 16 and the inner valve leaflets 15 adhere to both sides of the gums of the lower jaw via oral secretions such as saliva. In some cases, only the inner closing valve membrane 15 is provided as in the alternative embodiment shown in FIG. 8 and the other outer closing valve membrane 16 is omitted or has a very small width (projection from the end of the gum portion 11 of the complete denture base). Width). 1A, 2A, 5A and 6
In the modified embodiment respectively indicated by A, the lower denture base 10
A valve closing valve is integrally provided continuously on the entire rear surface of the substrate and continuously from the rear surface portion 15 'to portions 15 and 16 having a predetermined width outside the peripheral portion. In the case of a certain type of biological silicone resin or the like that does not have a very large adhesive force with the resin of the complete denture base, a stable adhesion between them can be obtained by this configuration. In the modification shown in FIG. 8, the lower denture base 10
The closing valve membrane 15 which is provided so as to protrude from the back surface to the outside of the edge with a predetermined width is provided particularly at the inner and inner ends, and the other closing portions are provided with the protruding closing valve membranes 15 and 16 omitted. For a patient or the like who is particularly sensitive to the presence of a valvular valve protruding outward from the ridge, it may be preferable that the location of the protruding valvular valve be small. According to many experiments, when such an installation place is small, it is effective to provide a valve having a particularly large effect on the installation of the valvular valve, that is, especially at the inner side and the back end as shown in FIG. Do you get it.

[Matters Common to Upper and Lower Dentures] The closing valve membranes provided on the respective margins of the upper and lower denture bases are respectively brought into contact when these denture bases are worn in the oral cavity. It is three-dimensionally formed as needed to have a shape that adheres lightly to the mucous membrane. Further, it is desirable that the closing valve membrane is a surface material having hydrophilicity with respect to saliva so as to adhere to the mucous membrane in the oral cavity via saliva present in the oral cavity. In the present invention, being hydrophilic with respect to saliva means that saliva contains some secretions unlike distilled water, so that the mucous membrane-contacting surface side of the valvular valve is sufficiently wetted even with saliva containing such secretions. Say you have. It is not necessary that the width of the closing valve leaf provided at the periphery of the complete denture base travel from the complete denture base body be uniform, and the protrusion width of the partial part should be adjusted to the most appropriate size according to the structure in the oral cavity of the patient. It must be adjusted. However, as described above, it is effective to provide at least the closing valve membrane 25 at the back end of the upper complete denture base and the closing valve membrane 15 inside the lower complete denture base.

[Operation of the Present Invention] The above-described complete denture bases 10, 2
When the tongue 3 is placed in a normal natural position and the mouth is closed or in a state close to it, the upper and lower complete denture bases 20 and 10 are occluded by the upper and lower jaws. The surfaces are held in an occlusal positional relationship. Therefore, both are stably located in the oral cavity. In this case, the thin closing valve membranes 25, 2
6, 15, 16 loosely abut on the nearest gums and jaw mucosa due to their own elasticity. When the mouth is opened naturally by placing the tongue in a normal position that does not push forward or upward and does not retract backward, no special external force is applied. Alternatively, it is in close contact with the gums of the upper and lower jaws almost in the same manner as when the mouth shown in FIG. 2A is closed. As shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 1A, the interface between the thin closing valve membranes 25, 26, 15, and 16 and the gums on the side in contact with the gums is substantially large because it is not subjected to the action of generating a special decompression or negative pressure. Atmospheric pressure. Therefore, the mucous membrane under the complete denture base and the portion of the periphery thereof covered with the thin valvular valve is not normally subjected to stress due to negative pressure, and does not cause poor blood circulation or edema.

[Prevention of Separation of Lower Complete Denture Base] When the operation of projecting the tongue 3 forward is performed, FIG. 6 or FIG.
The tongue base 33 is deformed and moves forward and upward as shown in FIG.
Therefore, especially the lower complete denture base 10 is pulled forward and upward,
The gums of the complete denture base 10 are about to be lifted from the gums of the oral cavity and the mucous membrane in the area following the gums. At this time, as shown in FIG. 6 or FIG. 6A, the lower complete denture base tends to be pulled forward and upward while the edge of the thin closing valve leaf is in contact with the mucous membrane in the oral cavity. , 16 and the interface between the gum that it abuts and the mucous membrane of the subsequent part of the oral cavity. However, since the periphery of the space to be formed is in contact with the mucous membrane by the thin closing valves 15 and 16, the inside of the space naturally has a pressure lower than the surrounding pressure (hereinafter referred to as negative pressure). For this reason, a negative pressure is applied to the lower complete denture base 10, and a force acts on the lower complete denture base 10 against the lower part and the subsequent mucous membrane. This force prevents the lower complete denture base 10 from detaching from the gum 11 of the lower jaw and the mucous membrane of the subsequent part upward and forward from the force pulling the lower complete denture base of the tongue base 33 forward and upward.

The negative pressure disappears at the same time that the tongue base 33 is retracted and the force for detaching the lower complete denture base 10 forward and upward disappears. Therefore, there is no negative pressure except for a very short time trying to push the tongue base forward. In this respect, the present invention is significantly different from the conventional technique using a fixed and continuous negative pressure to prevent detachment of the complete denture base. That is, according to the present invention, except for a temporary short time when the complete denture base 10 is about to be detached, the complete denture base 10 and the gum portion 1 to which the complete denture base abuts.
There is no negative pressure between the mucous membrane of 3 and the subsequent part, only the same pressure as the ambient pressure. Therefore, the gum 13 and the mucous membrane in the portion following the gum 13 are not continuously pressed by the complete denture base 10 or the thin valvular membrane at the periphery thereof. Therefore, anemia and edema do not occur due to continuous pressing and negative pressure in the oral cavity.

[Prevention of detachment of upper complete denture base] The operation of the complete denture base for the lower jaw has been described above. The operation of the complete denture base 20 for the upper jaw is essentially the same. However, since the upper complete denture base 20 does not receive the action of pushing forward with the tongue base 33 or the like, the force that causes the detachment of the upper or lower denture forward or anteriorly and downwardly is mainly performed by an operation such as strongly cutting off food by the anterior denture. Or, in the case of sudden deformation of the oral cavity accompanied by wind pressure such as sneezing or coughing. When such a force for detaching the upper denture base 20 is generated, the thin closing valve membranes 25 and 26 provided on the peripheral portion around the upper denture base 20 are generated.
In the interface between the gum portion where the complete denture base 20 abuts and the mucous membrane in the portion following the gum portion, there is a space only when the complete denture base 20 is about to be detached as shown in FIG. 6 or 6A. Occurs. However, since the space in the interface is closed by the closing valve leaflet and the complete denture base, a negative pressure is temporarily generated here. The temporary negative pressure therefore creates a force which holds the upper denture base 20 up. Therefore, detachment is prevented by this retaining force, as in the case of the lower complete denture base 10. In the case of the complete denture base 20 for the upper jaw, as in the case of the complete denture base 10 for the lower jaw, when it is in normal contact with the upper jaw, the thin closing valve membrane 2 is formed.
5 and 26 only lightly abut the oral mucosa due to their loose elasticity. Therefore, under normal conditions, no particular negative pressure is generated between the upper complete denture base 20 and the gum portion and the mucous membrane of the subsequent portion, and there is no risk of poor blood circulation or edema in the mucous membrane.

[0016]

As described above, as described in the embodiments of the upper and lower complete denture bases for the upper jaw and the lower jaw, respectively,
The complete denture base according to the present invention is provided with a thin valvular valve at the periphery thereof, thereby surrounding the interface between the back surface of the complete denture base, the gum part, and the mucous membrane of the subsequent part and the contact surface on the back surface of the complete denture base. Closed from the space. Due to this closure, a negative pressure is created in the space created in the closed interface only when the upper and lower complete denture bases are to be detached from the gums and the subsequent mucosa, creating a negative pressure in each denture. The force that stops the detachment works. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the complete denture base from detaching from a fixed position in the oral cavity due to large movement of the tongue, chewing, biting, sneezing, coughing, and the like.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front elevation cross-sectional view at a substantially central portion of an oral cavity when an upper complete denture base and a lower complete denture base are mounted in an oral cavity and a tongue is placed in a normal position in the embodiment.

FIG. 1A is a front elevation cross-sectional view of a substantially complete center portion of the oral cavity when the complete denture base according to the modified embodiment is worn in the oral cavity and the tongue is placed in a normal position.

FIG. 2 is a side elevation cross-sectional view of a cross section including a median line in the oral cavity in the state of FIG. 1;

FIG. 2A is a side elevation sectional view of a section including a median line of the modified embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a bottom view of the complete denture base above the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2;

FIG. 4 is a plan view of a complete denture base below the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2;

FIG. 5: Wearing the upper and lower complete denture bases of the same embodiment, placing the tongue in the forward position raises the lower complete denture base, and shows what the upper complete denture base is. FIG. 4 is a front elevation sectional view at a substantially central portion in the oral cavity in a state where the mouth is about to be separated forward due to a cause.

FIG. 5A: The upper and lower complete denture bases are mounted and the lower complete denture base is lifted up by placing the tongue in the front position, and the upper complete denture base is set. FIG. 5 is a front elevational sectional view at a substantially central portion in the oral cavity in a state where the mouth is about to be disengaged forward due to the cause.

FIG. 6 is a side elevation cross-sectional view of a cross section including a median line in the oral cavity in the state of FIG. 5;

FIG. 6A is a side elevation sectional view of a section including a median line in the oral cavity of the modified embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a bottom view of another embodiment of a complete denture base.

FIG. 8 is a plan view of the lower complete denture base of another embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a front elevation sectional view at a substantially central portion in the oral cavity in which a conventional upper complete denture base and a lower complete denture base are mounted in the oral cavity.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 2 sucker 3 tongue 4 gum 10, 10 'lower complete denture base 11 gum part 12 lower denture 15 inner closing valve leaflet 16 outer peripheral closing leaflet 20 maxillary complete denture base 20' upper complete denture base 21 denture gum part 22 maxillary denture 23 maxillary complete denture Connection part 25 Closure valve membrane 26 Outer closure valve membrane 27 Back end part 33 Tongue base 111 Gingival contact surface

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A complete denture base characterized in that a thin closing valve membrane having a predetermined width is provided at a peripheral portion of the complete denture base. 2. A thin closed valve membrane having elasticity of expansion and contraction continuously from a substantially entire surface of a concave surface (back surface) having a mountain-shaped cross section abutting on a ridge of a complete denture base to a predetermined width outside the edge portion. Complete denture base characterized by having provided. 3. The complete denture base according to claim 1, wherein an inner surface of the thin valvular valve has a hydrophilic property with respect to saliva. 4. The complete denture base according to claim 1, wherein said thin closing valve membrane is formed of a soft silicone resin of 0.1 to 3 mm in thickness. 5. The thin closing valve membrane is air-tightly attached to an edge of a mountain-shaped cross section that abuts on a ridge of a complete denture base, and is formed so as to be tightly attached to the ridge by its elasticity. The complete denture base according to claim 1 or 2, wherein 6. The valve according to claim 1, wherein the closing valve membrane is provided at least in a complete denture base portion at a rear end of the upper complete denture base.
Complete denture base as described. 7. The complete denture base according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the closing valve leaflet is provided at least in an inner arc-shaped portion of the horseshoe-shaped tooth base of the lower complete denture base.