JPH1137062A - Vane pump - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a vane pump that can efficiently transport highly viscous liquid or the like in spite of small displacement. SOLUTION: This vane pump 1 has an approximately cylindrical casing 2, a side plate 15 sealing the end face of the casing 2 so as to form a pumping chamber 18 in the casing 2, a rotor shaft 3 and a rotor 4 rotatably provided in an eccentric position in the casing 2, and vanes 6 accommodated in a protruding/receding state in a plurality of vane storage grooves 5 formed at the rotor 4. The vane 6 is provided with a pressure lead-in means 20 communicating the groove internal space recessed further inward from the bottom face of the vane 6, of the vane storage grooves 5 with the pumping chamber 18 frontward in the rotating direction of the rotor 4. The vane storage grooves 5 are provided in pairs in diagonal positions on the diameter lines of the rotor 4. Pin storage holes communicating these pairs of vane storage grooves 5, 5 are bored in the rotor 4 and rotor shaft 3, and pins 10 of specified length are mounted in the pin storage holes so as to be movable in the axial direction of the pin storage holes.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vane pump for efficiently transporting, for example, a highly viscous liquid even in a small volume.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A vane pump generally used for transporting a highly viscous liquid or the like is shown in FIG. The vane pump is a positive displacement pump in which a rotor shaft 3 and a rotor 4 are rotatably provided at eccentric positions in a cylindrical casing 2.
Are formed, and the vane 36 is accommodated in the vane accommodating groove 5 so as to freely protrude and retract. In such a vane pump, the vane 36 is worn and shortened by a length S by sliding contact with the inner peripheral surface of the casing 2 during use, like the vane 36a shown in FIG.

[0003]

The vane 36
If the abrasion amount of “a” becomes considerably large, a clearance more than necessary is likely to be generated between the inner peripheral surface of the casing 2 and the tip of the vane 36 a irrespective of the start-up and the steady operation. Further, the vane 6 is moved toward the inner peripheral surface of the casing 2.
Is only a centrifugal force, and the high pressure side receives a large resistance from the highly viscous liquid, so that the vane 36a is more easily separated from the inner peripheral surface of the casing 2. From these facts, there is a possibility that the liquid leaks to the rear of the vane 36a and the pump efficiency is reduced.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 11 (c), the vane 36a stopped on the high pressure side (discharge side) of the pump chamber is pushed deeply into the vane accommodating groove 5 (shown by a solid line in the figure).
Since the periphery is a high-viscosity liquid, it is difficult to move in the vane housing groove 5. Therefore, even when the vane 36a turns to the low-pressure side (suction side) at the time of restart (indicated by a two-dot chain line in the drawing), the vane 36a may continue to rotate while entering the back.
In such a case, a large variation occurs in the discharge pressure and the delivery amount, which may lead to a fatal failure.

On the other hand, the pump must be operated at a low speed for transporting a highly viscous liquid. In this case, a pump having a large capacity must be used in anticipation of a small delivery amount due to a low speed. Therefore, increase in equipment cost and running cost is inevitable, and a large installation space is required.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and has as its object to provide a vane pump capable of efficiently transporting a high-viscosity liquid or the like even with a small capacity.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, a vane pump according to the present invention comprises a substantially cylindrical casing, a side plate which seals an end face of the casing and forms a pump chamber in the casing. In a pump having a rotor rotatably provided at an eccentric position in a casing and vanes respectively removably accommodated in vane accommodating grooves formed in a plurality of rotors, a portion of the vane accommodating groove deeper than the vane bottom surface. A pressure introducing means for communicating the space in the groove and the pump chamber in the front of the rotor in the rotational direction is provided on the vane and / or the rotor.

[0008] Further, the vane having the above-mentioned structure is provided with a pressure introducing means.

Further, in each of the above constructions, the vane receiving grooves are provided in pairs at diagonal positions on the rotor diameter line, and the pin receiving holes communicating between the pair of vane receiving grooves are formed in the rotor. A pin having a predetermined length is inserted into the pin receiving hole so as to be movable toward the hole center.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an exploded view showing a vane pump according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view of the inside of a casing of the vane pump, and FIG. 3 is a side view including a partial cross section of the vane pump. However, the same components as those of the conventional vane pump shown in FIG. 11 are denoted by the same reference numerals. In each figure, reference numeral 1 denotes the entire vane pump of the present embodiment, for example, a high-viscosity liquid such as mayonnaise, ketchup, chocolate, an adhesive (a paste for dyeing or cardboard), an ink material such as rock paint, or the like. (Viscosity of about 5,000 to 100,000 cP), and can be operated without any trouble even at a low speed (about 50 to 1,000 rpm).

That is, the vane pump 1 has a cylindrical casing 2 housed in an outer casing 17 forming an outer shell of the pump, and a pair of casings 2 that seal both end surfaces of the casing 2 to form a pump chamber 18 in the casing 2. Side plates 15, 16 and a rotor 4 rotatably provided at an eccentric position in the casing 2, and many components are the same as those of general-purpose ones. The above side plate 15
, A suction port 11 and a discharge port 12 are provided at 180 ° diagonal positions. A suction pipe 13 communicating with the suction port 11 is connected to a side surface of the outer casing 17, and a discharge port 12 is connected to an upper surface of the outer casing 17.
A discharge pipe 14 that communicates with the discharge pipe 14 is connected.

The rotor shaft 3 for driving the rotor 4 is connected to a motor (not shown). In particular, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, three pin accommodation holes 8, 8, 8 are formed in the vane corresponding portion 9 of the rotor shaft 3. These pin receiving holes 8, 8, 8 are provided so as to be displaced by 60 ° around the axis.

As shown in FIG. 6, a shaft hole 19 for mounting the rotor shaft 3 is formed in the rotor 4 at the center of the rotor shaft. Also, six vane receiving grooves 5, 5,... Are provided radially around the rotor axis on the outer peripheral portion of the rotor 4. These vane receiving grooves 5, 5,... Are also displaced by 60 ° around the rotor axis. In this case, in particular, three pairs of vane receiving grooves 5, 5 are provided at diagonal positions on the rotor diameter line D. Also,
Pin accommodation holes 7, 7, 7 are formed in the rotor 4 at positions communicating with the pin accommodation holes 8, 8, 8 of the rotor shaft 3, respectively. These pin receiving holes 7 and 8 allow the pair of vane receiving grooves 5 and 5 to communicate with each other. The pins 10 are respectively inserted into the three sets of the pin receiving holes 7 and 8 so as to be movable in the hole core direction.

The vanes 6 are formed in a rectangular plate shape as shown in FIG.
, Are housed so that they can come and go. In particular, a groove-shaped pressure introducing means 20 is provided in two longitudinal sections on one surface of the vane 6 which is located forward in the rotor rotation direction.
These pressure introducing means 20 communicates the space 5a in the groove deeper than the bottom surface of the vane 6 of the vane accommodating groove 5 with the pump chamber 18 forward in the rotor rotation direction.

Here, a pair of vanes 6, 6 and a pin 10
Is shown in FIG. In this case, the total length M of the pin 10 and the pair of vanes 6, 6 is such that the tips of the vanes 6, 6 at the beginning of operation can smoothly rotate without strongly sliding on the inner peripheral surface of the casing 2. It is set to be the length. Thereby, the predetermined length L of the pin 10 is defined.

Subsequently, regarding the operation of the vane pump 1,
A description will be given mainly with reference to FIG. 9 and also with reference to FIGS. First, when the rotor shaft 3 is started by driving a motor (not shown), the rotor 4 rotates counterclockwise in the drawing, and radially outward centrifugal force is applied to each of the vanes 6 and 6. At the same time, the high pressure from the pump chamber 18 is guided to the in-groove space 5a through the pressure introducing means 20 to the vane 6 located on the high pressure side of the pump chamber 18 near the discharge port 12, so that the bottom surface of the vane 6 faces outward. Pressed. Thereby, the tip of the vane 6 rotates while being firmly pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the casing 2. Of course, a corresponding low pressure is applied to the vane 6 located on the low pressure side, and the vane 6 is pushed outward.

Therefore, even at a low speed, a highly viscous liquid can be transported with good sealing properties, and the pump efficiency is not impaired.
As a result, a smaller pump capacity is required. Since the gap between the pin receiving holes 7, 8 and the pin 10 is relatively narrow, the high-viscosity liquid does not reach the low-pressure-side grooved space 5a through the gap, and the high-pressure liquid guided to the grooved space 5a. Does not affect the vane 6 on the low pressure side.

By the way, from the positional relationship with the inner peripheral surface of the casing 2, the vane 6 stopped on the high pressure side while the pump is stopped is pushed into the vane receiving groove 5, and the vane 6 stopped on the low pressure side is It protrudes from the accommodation groove 5.
Then, when the pump is restarted, the vane 6 that has turned from the low pressure side to the high pressure side is pushed into the vane housing groove 5 by sliding contact with the inner peripheral surface of the casing 2, and the pushing force at this time is increased from the high pressure side. It is transmitted via the pin 10 to the vane 6 that has turned to the low pressure side. Thereby, the vane 6 that has turned to the low pressure side is pushed out toward the inner peripheral surface of the casing 2.

As described above, even if the vane 6 penetrates deeply into the vane accommodating groove 5 and is hard to move due to the surrounding high-viscosity liquid, the centrifugal force and the pressure introducing means 20 apply the vane 6 only by slightly moving it. The pin 10 is pushed out by the applied outward force, and is further forcibly pushed out by the transmission force from the pin 10. Thus, once the vane 6 starts moving, it can smoothly move in the vane housing groove 5 as in the case of the steady operation. Thus, there is no problem that the vane rotates while entering the vane accommodating groove unlike the related art.

That is, the pin 10 is
It has a function of giving a kick to start moving to the vane 6 which is hard to move inside, and a function of forcibly pushing the vane 6. Therefore, in the vane pump 1, since the pin 10 moves the vane 6 which has turned to the low pressure side as the "support at the time of starting", the discharge pressure and the delivery amount do not fluctuate.

In the above description, the groove-shaped pressure introducing means 20 formed on the front side of the vane 6 has been exemplified, but the pressure introducing means of the present invention is not limited to this. For example, FIG.
As shown in (a), a vane 6 having pore-shaped pressure introducing means 20a penetrating the vane from the tip to the bottom surface.
a. In this case, the tip opening 20b of the pressure introducing means 20a is located at the front of the pump chamber 18 in the rotor rotation direction.
It is open to the high pressure side of.

As described above, the pressure introducing means 20, 20a
Is provided on the vane 6, 6a side, the above-described effect can be obtained only by using the vane 6, 6a of the present invention for the rotor 4 of the existing vane pump. Further, even when the connection mode of the pipe is reversed and the rotor shaft 3 is rotated in the reverse direction so that the discharge side and the suction side are used in reverse, the vanes 6 and 6 a are simply moved back and forth with respect to the vane accommodating groove 5. There is an advantage that it only needs to be replaced in the opposite direction.

On the other hand, the example in which the pressure introducing means is provided on the side of the vanes 6 and 6a has been described so far, but the pressure introducing means may be provided on the rotor side. For example, as shown in FIG. 10B, a rotor 4a in which a groove-shaped pressure introducing means 21 is formed vertically on the inner wall surface on the front side in the rotation direction in the vane housing groove 5 may be used. In this case, a general-purpose vane 36 is accommodated in the vane accommodating groove 5, and the pressure introducing means 2
The upper end of 1 is open to the pump chamber 18 on the high pressure side.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 10 (c), a general-purpose vane 36 is accommodated in the vane accommodating groove 5, and the pump chamber 18 on the front side in the rotation direction and the inner space 5 of the vane accommodating groove 5 are formed.
The rotor 4b may be provided with a pressure-introducing means 21a in the form of pores communicating with the pressure-introducing means 21a. When the pressure introducing means 21 and 21a are provided on the rotor 4a and 4b side as described above,
There is an advantage that the conventional general-purpose vane 36 can be used as it is. However, it goes without saying that the various pressure introducing means described above may be provided in both the vane and the rotor.

In the above description, the round bar-shaped pin 10 has been described as an example. However, the shape of the pin used in the present invention is not limited to a round bar shape, and for example, an elliptical bar shape, a square bar shape, or any other shape is also applicable.

[0026]

As described above, according to the vane pump according to the present invention, not only the centrifugal force due to the rotation of the rotor but also the high pressure from the pump chamber by the pressure introducing means causes the vane to move to the inner peripheral surface of the casing during operation. Press it towards Thereby, the fluid can be transported with extremely small loss. Therefore, the vane pump can efficiently transport a highly viscous liquid even at a low rotation speed.

Further, if the pressure introducing means is provided on the vane, the above-mentioned effect can be obtained only by using the vane of the present invention for the existing rotor. Also, by reversing the connection mode of the pipe and rotating the rotor shaft in reverse,
Even when it is desired to use the discharge side and the suction side in reverse, it is only necessary to replace the vane with the vane receiving groove in the reverse direction.

When the pins are interposed between the diagonally located vanes, the distance between the bottom surfaces of the vanes is maintained at a predetermined value or more at any rotor rotation angle. Vanes stopped at
When the pump is restarted, the other vane pushes the vane accommodating groove into the vane accommodating groove to be surely pushed out of the vane accommodating groove. Therefore, the conventional problem that the vane on the suction side rotates while entering the vane accommodating groove is eliminated, and the discharge pressure and the delivery amount do not greatly change.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an exploded view showing a vane pump according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the inside of the casing of the vane pump.

FIG. 3 is a side view including a partial cross section of the vane pump.

FIG. 4 is a side view showing a rotor shaft.

FIG. 5 is a schematic front view of a rotor shaft.

FIG. 6 is a rear view showing the rotor.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a vane.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing a positional relationship of a pair of vanes.

FIG. 9 is an operation explanatory view showing a rotor and the like driven in a casing.

FIG. 10 illustrates another embodiment of the present invention,
(A) is a front cross-sectional view illustrating another vane, (b) is a front cross-sectional view partially illustrating another rotor, and (c) is a front cross-sectional view partially illustrating another rotor. .

11A and 11B show the state of a general rotor and vanes operating in a casing, wherein FIG. 11A is a state explanatory view showing a state at the beginning of use, and FIG. 11B is a state after use for an appropriate period. It is a state explanatory view shown.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 vane pump 2 casing 3 rotor shaft 4, 4a, 4b rotor 5 vane receiving groove 5a groove space 6, 6a, 36 vane 7,8 pin receiving hole 10 pin 15,16 side plate 18 pump chamber 20,20a, 21,21a Pressure introduction means L Predetermined length D Rotor diameter line

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A substantially cylindrical casing, a side plate sealing an end face of the casing to form a pump chamber in the casing, a rotor rotatably provided at an eccentric position in the casing, and a plurality of rotors. In a vane pump having vanes respectively housed in the formed vane accommodating grooves so as to be freely retractable, pressure introducing means for communicating a space in a groove deeper than a vane bottom surface of the vane accommodating grooves with a pump chamber in the front of the rotor rotation direction is provided. A vane pump provided on the vane and / or the rotor. 2. The vane pump according to claim 1, wherein the vane is provided with a pressure introducing means. 3. A vane receiving groove is provided in a pair at diagonal positions on a rotor diameter line, a pin receiving hole communicating between the pair of vane receiving grooves is formed in the rotor, and a pin having a predetermined length is provided. 3. The vane pump according to claim 1, wherein the vane pump is inserted into the pin receiving hole so as to be movable toward the hole center. 4.