JPH1136257A - Dc pulse generator for preventing fish entry - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a DC pulse generator for preventing fish entry which enables the optional setting of the proper discharge voltage, discharge time, and discharge timing corresponding to the water quality and pollution state near an intake port or a drain port. SOLUTION: This DC pulse generator is provided with an AC power source E1, a high-voltage transformer TR1 boosting the AC power voltage to the prescribed high voltage, a full-wave rectifying circuit D1 full-wave-rectifying the AC voltage boosted by the high-voltage transformer TR1, the first thyristor SCR1 arranged at the rear stage of the full-wave rectifying circuit D1 and on/off-operated by the gate voltage, a capacitor C1 accumulating the electric power outputted from the first thyristor SCR1, the second thyristor SCR2 arranged on the rear stage side of the capacitor C1 and on/off-operated by the gate voltage, a plurality of electrodes 1a, 1a' connected to the rear state side of the second thyristor SCR2 and erected in the water near an intake port or a drain port, and a control circuit 5 feeding the gate voltage to the thyristors SCR1, SCR2 at the desired timing, on/off-controlling the thyristors SCR1, SCR2, and controlling the charging voltage value and the charging/discharging timing of the capacitor C1.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electric shock applied to an inlet of a water intake or a drain at a predetermined period in order to prevent fish from entering the water intake or the drain of a thermal power plant. The present invention relates to a DC pulse generator to be provided.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In general, in a hydroelectric power plant, water taken from a lake or a river flows down rapidly from a high position, a water wheel is rotated by the power of the water, and a generator is driven by using the water as a power to generate electric power. Is occurring. The water used in such hydropower plants is usually taken from intakes in lakes and rivers, and lakes, rivers and rivers are inhabited by a large number of fish. In addition, fish enter the water intake along with the water. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent fish from entering to protect the ecosystem. Similarly, it is necessary to prevent fish from entering the drain. On the other hand, in thermal power plants, it is necessary to take cooling water from rivers and the sea, so it is necessary to similarly prevent fish from entering.
As a conventional method for preventing fish from entering an intake or drain, an electrode is installed near the intake or drain, and a fish that attempts to enter the intake or drain by applying voltage to the electrode. A DC pulse generator has been devised which applies an electric shock to the fish, thereby preventing fish from entering.

FIG. 19 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of such a conventional DC pulse generator. As shown in FIG.
The power supply voltage given by 0 volts is transformed to obtain three voltages of 150 volts, 300 volts, and 150 volts, and the voltages are full-wave rectified by full-wave rectifiers D11 to D13, respectively, and then passed through thyristors SCR11 to SCR13. To the output terminals T11 to T14. A pulse signal supplied from the control circuit X1 is supplied to the gate inputs of the thyristors SCR11 to SCR13, and the thyristors SCR11 and SCR13 are turned on and off in synchronization with the pulse signals. Will be supplied. Then, by selecting two points from the terminals T11 to T14 and connecting them to two electrodes, a desired voltage can be applied between the electrodes. For example, terminal T11 and terminal T1
2 can be used to obtain a voltage of 150 volts, and if the terminals T11 and T14 are used, 60 volts can be obtained.
A voltage of 0 volt can be obtained.

However, in the above-described conventional DC pulse generator, only a predetermined voltage value can be used, so that a suitable voltage value cannot be selected.
That is, in the circuit shown in FIG. 16, the voltage value can be set by a combination of 150 volts, 300 volts, and 150 volts, but there is a disadvantage that other voltage values cannot be set. Also, in lakes, marshes, and rivers, divers and the like may be swimming, and if such people approach the electrodes, they may be electrocuted and lead to unexpected accidents. No action has been taken.

[0005]

As described above, the conventional DC pulse generator can set a predetermined voltage value and apply it to the electrode, but it is not possible to set it to an arbitrary value. Can not. In other words, the voltage value to be applied needs to be set so that the fish do not die from shock and can give an impact enough to prevent the fish from entering the intake port or the drain port. Since the resistance value of water changes depending on the water temperature or the like, it is necessary to finely adjust the voltage value according to the situation at that site. However, in the conventional DC pulse generator, although it can be set to a predetermined voltage value, it is difficult to finely adjust the voltage value, so that the voltage value is too high and the fish may die from shock, In some cases, the voltage value is too low to prevent fish from entering, and improvement has been desired.

Further, even when a diver or the like approaches the electrodes, no measures have been taken, which may lead to an unexpected accident. The present invention has been made to solve such a conventional problem, and its object is to easily fine-adjust the voltage value, and
It is an object of the present invention to provide a DC pulse generator for preventing fish from entering, which can shut off a power supply when a human or other animal approaches an electrode in order to prevent an electric shock.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is installed near an intake or drain of a hydroelectric or thermal power plant to prevent fish from entering through the intake or drain. In a DC pulse generator for preventing fish from entering, an AC power supply (E1), a high-voltage transformer (TR1) for boosting the AC power supply voltage to a predetermined high voltage, and a secondary side of the high-voltage transformer, A full-wave rectifier circuit (D1) for full-wave rectification of an AC voltage, a charging thyristor (SCR1) arranged at a stage subsequent to the full-wave rectification circuit, and turned on and off by a gate voltage; A capacitor (C1) for temporarily storing the accumulated power, and a discharging thyristor (S
CR2), and connected to the subsequent stage of the discharge thyristor;
A gate voltage is supplied at a desired timing to the plurality of electrodes (1a, 1a ') erected in the water near the water intake or drain and the thyristor for charging and the thyristor for discharging. And a control circuit (5) for controlling the OFF state to control the charging voltage value to the capacitor and the timing of charging and discharging of the capacitor.

In the above configuration, the control circuit detects a zero-cross point of the AC power supply voltage and obtains a synchronization pulse signal synchronized with the zero-cross point. Means (20,
21) means for generating a sawtooth waveform that periodically changes at the time interval of generation of the synchronizing pulse signal (14, 15); a voltage adjusting circuit (16) for outputting a constant DC voltage whose level is adjustable; A comparator (17) for comparing the sawtooth waveform with a constant DC voltage, and a first gate circuit (28) for outputting a voltage signal to the gate of the charging thyristor at the set charging timing according to the comparator output And a second gate circuit (29) that outputs a voltage signal to the gate of the discharge thyristor at the set discharge timing.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a DC pulse generator for preventing fish from entering is installed near an intake or a drain of a hydroelectric or thermal power plant to prevent fish from entering the intake or the drain. , An AC power supply (E1), a high-voltage transformer (TR1) for boosting the AC power supply voltage to a predetermined high voltage, and a booster AC voltage mounted on a secondary side of the high-voltage transformer in parallel, Rectifying first full-wave rectifier circuit (D1) and second full-wave rectifier circuit (D2)
A first charging thyristor (SCR1) which is arranged at a stage subsequent to the first full-wave rectifier circuit and is turned on / off by a gate voltage, and temporarily outputs power output from the first charging thyristor. The first capacitor (C
1) a first discharging thyristor (SCR2), which is disposed downstream of the first capacitor and is turned on / off by a gate voltage, connected to a downstream side of the first discharging thyristor; A plurality of electrodes (1a, 1a ') erected in the water near the water intake or drain, and a second full-wave rectifier circuit that is arranged at a stage subsequent to the second full-wave rectifier circuit and that is turned on / off by a gate voltage. Thyristor for charging (SCR3)
And a second capacitor (C) that temporarily stores the power output from the second charging thyristor (SCR3).
2), a coil (L1) disposed after the second capacitor (C2), and a coil (L1) connected downstream of the coil, which is turned on / off by a gate voltage, and whose output terminal is the first terminal. Connected to the subsequent stage of the discharging thyristor
A gate voltage is supplied at desired timing to the discharging thyristor (SCR4), the first and second charging thyristors, and the first and second discharging thyristors to control the on / off of each thyristor. A control circuit (5) for controlling a charging voltage value to each of the capacitors and timing of charging and discharging of the capacitors.

Further, in the above configuration, the control circuit detects a zero-cross point of the AC power supply voltage and obtains a synchronization pulse signal synchronized with the zero-cross point. Means (20,
21) means for generating a sawtooth waveform that periodically changes at the time interval of generation of the synchronizing pulse signal (14, 15); a voltage adjusting circuit (16) for outputting a constant DC voltage whose level is adjustable; A comparator (17) for comparing the sawtooth waveform with a constant DC voltage, and a third signal for outputting a voltage signal to the gates of the first and second charging thyristors at the set charging timing according to the comparator output. ,
A fourth gate circuit (31, 32), a fifth gate circuit (33) for outputting a voltage signal to the gate of the first discharge thyristor at the set discharge timing, and the set discharge A timer circuit (35) for delaying and outputting a trigger output at a timing; and a gate for the second discharge thyristor attached to a stage subsequent to the timer circuit and slightly delayed from the fifth gate circuit. And a sixth gate circuit (34) that outputs a voltage signal.

Further, the control circuit includes a detecting means for detecting the presence of a human or another animal near the water intake or the drain, and the detecting means detects the presence of the human or other animal. The electric shock protection circuit (2) forcibly stops the outputs of the first to sixth gate circuits when the
5) is provided. Further, it is preferable that the detection means is any one of an automatic monitoring device using a TV camera, an infrared detector, an ultrasonic detector, and a load fluctuation detector that measures a fluctuation in a load between electrodes.

According to the present invention configured as described above, the AC power supply voltage is boosted by the high-voltage transformer, further full-wave rectified by the full-wave rectifier circuit, and then guided to the charging thyristor. The charging thyristor is turned on and off by the gate voltage supplied from the control circuit. When the thyristor is turned on, the power supplied from the full-wave rectifier circuit charges the capacitor. In addition, the discharging thyristor, which is installed at the subsequent stage of the charging thyristor, is also turned on and off by the gate voltage given from the control circuit, so that when the discharging thyristor is turned on, the capacitor is connected to the capacitor. The stored power is applied between the electrodes and discharged near the water intake or the drain. Therefore, the electric shock can be given to the fish that is going to enter from the water intake port or the drain port by this discharge, so that the fish can be prevented from entering.

Further, by adjusting the control circuit and controlling the gate voltage supplied to the gate of each thyristor,
Since the charging voltage to the capacitor, the timing of charging and discharging, the discharging time, and the like can be arbitrarily set, it is possible to set according to the water quality near the intake port or the drain port. Furthermore, by providing an electric shock protection circuit, when a human or other animal approaches the electrodes, the application of voltage to the electrodes is forcibly stopped, so that an electric shock accident can be prevented beforehand. Become. Also, the second charging thyristor (S
CR3), a second discharge thyristor (SCR4) is arranged, and a pulse-like waveform smaller than the discharge voltage is generated immediately before the discharge by the first discharge thyristor (SCR2) is started. The impact on the fish can be further reduced, and the fish can be effectively prevented from entering.

[0014]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a state where a DC pulse generator according to an embodiment of the present invention is arranged in water near an intake of a hydroelectric power plant. As shown in the drawing, this DC pulse generator includes a plurality of positive electrodes 1 (five electrodes 1a to 1e in the figure) at substantially constant intervals flowing in a water flow (in the direction of flowing into an intake port and out of a drain port). Direction), and each electrode 1 is arranged such that the tip end is at a position slightly higher than the water surface 3. Further, the minus electrodes 1a 'to 1e' paired with the respective plus electrodes 1 are arranged near the respective plus electrodes 1 and are grounded. And each plus electrode 1 (1a-1e) and minus electrode 1
A DC voltage of, for example, 1000 volts is applied between the electrodes a ′ to 1e ′, whereby a current is conducted between each of the plus electrodes 1 and the minus electrodes, and the fish passing therethrough does not die from shock. In addition, an electric shock that does not pass through is given to prevent fish from entering the intake port.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an electric circuit for supplying a voltage between the above-mentioned electrodes (between the plus electrode and the minus electrode), and FIG. 3 is a specific electric circuit diagram. 2 shows a circuit for applying a voltage between two electrodes 1a and 1a '. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the electric circuit for the DC pulse generator includes a main circuit 4 for actually applying a voltage between the electrodes 1a and 1a ', and a control circuit for controlling the operation of the main circuit 4. The circuit 5 is roughly divided.

The main circuit 4 includes an AC power supply E1 of 100 or 200 volts supplied as a commercial power supply and a high-voltage transformer TR1 for boosting the voltage supplied from the AC power supply E1 to a high voltage of about 1000 volts. A full-wave rectifier D1 connected to the secondary side of the high-voltage transformer TR1 for full-wave rectification of the boosted AC waveform. The positive-side output of the full-wave rectifier D1 is connected to a first thyristor. SC
The positive electrode 1a is connected via R1 and the second thyristor SCR2, and the negative electrode 1a 'is connected to the negative side of the full-wave rectifier D1. Further, a capacitor C1 is interposed between the output side of the first thyristor SCR1 and the minus side of the full-wave rectifier D1, and a capacitor is provided between the plus side of the full-wave rectifier D1 and the first thyristor SCR1. A current limiting resistor R1 is attached.
A dummy resistor R2 for setting a discharge time is arranged in parallel with a and 1a '.

In the DC pulse generator according to the present embodiment, the control circuit 5 controls the on / off of the two thyristors SCR1 and SCR2 so that charging and discharging of the capacitor C1 can be performed at a desired cycle. , So that a high-voltage pulse is generated between the two electrodes 1a and 1a '.

The control circuit 5 includes a full-wave rectifier circuit 11 for converting the output voltage of the AC power supply E1 into a DC voltage, a zero-cross detection circuit 12, a waveform shaping circuit 13, and a differentiating circuit 14.
An integration circuit 15, a voltage adjustment circuit 16, a comparator 17 for comparing an output value of the voltage adjustment circuit 16 with an output value of the integration circuit 15, a clock circuit 18, a pulse number setting circuit 19, and a charge cycle timing. A circuit 20, a discharge cycle timing circuit 21, and trigger circuits 22, 2
4, a delay circuit 23, an electric shock protection circuit 25, AND circuits 26 and 27, a first gate circuit 28, and a second gate circuit 29. Note that alphabets a to s shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 indicate signal waveforms at respective points. Hereinafter, each element will be described in detail.

As shown in FIG. 4A, the zero-cross detection circuit 12 comprises a photocoupler PC12 and resistors R121 and R122, and receives a full-wave rectified voltage a (of FIG. 4B) from a terminal T121. When T12 is applied, a current flows through the light emitting diode D12 of the photocoupler PC12 via the resistor R121. Then, the light amount of the diode D12 changes according to the current value. Therefore, the light quantity decreases as the current value approaches zero, and the transistor Q12 is turned off.
The voltage value of 22 rises and becomes a waveform b rising at the point where the full-wave rectified waveform a crosses zero, as shown at T122 in FIG. 4B.

As shown in FIG. 5A, the waveform shaping circuit 13 includes an operational amplifier OP13 and resistors R131 and R132.
The reference voltage VREF is applied to the inverting input (minus side) of the operational amplifier OP13, and the voltage b from the terminal T131 is applied to the non-inverting input (plus side) (FIG. 5B).
5), the voltage c of the output terminal T132 of the operational amplifier OP13 becomes a value close to + VDD when the voltage of T131 is higher than VREF, as shown by T132 in FIG. 5B. When the voltage of T131 is smaller than VREF, the value is close to -VSS.

As shown in FIG. 6A, a differentiating circuit 14 includes a capacitor C14, a resistor R14, and a diode D14.
, And a waveform obtained by differentiating the voltage waveform input from the terminal T141 is output from the terminal T142. That is, when the waveform c shown in T141 of FIG. 6B is given, the waveform d shown in T142 is output.

As shown in FIG. 7A, an integrating circuit 15 includes an operational amplifier OP15 and resistors R151, R152,
It is composed of R153, transistor Q15, and capacitor C15, and uses a voltage signal input from a terminal T151 as a reset signal of the integration circuit.
Then, as shown in FIG. 7B, when a pulse-like voltage signal d is supplied from the terminal T151, a saw-tooth waveform e is output from the terminal T152.

As shown in FIG. 8, the voltage adjustment circuit 16
An operational amplifier OP16, a resistor R16 and a variable resistor VR1
6, the voltage value generated at the terminal T16 can be adjusted by adjusting the variable resistor VR16.

The comparator 17 comprises an operational amplifier OP17 as shown in FIG. 9 (A). As shown in FIG. 9 (B), the comparator 17 compares the input waveform f at the terminal T171 and the input waveform e at the terminal T172. By comparison, a waveform g as shown at terminal T173 can be obtained.

The trigger circuits 22, 24 are shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 2, the inverter circuit includes an inverter IN22, a resistor R22, a capacitor C22, and an AND circuit AND22. When a rectangular pulse signal g is inputted from a terminal T221 as shown in FIG. Waveform g
Edge pulse h rising at time t at the leading edge of. Note that Vs is AND2 in FIG.
2 threshold voltage.

As shown in FIG. 11A, the delay circuit 23 includes inverters IN241, IN242, a resistor R24,
It is composed of a capacitor C24, and can detect a delay in the rise of the signal S242 at the entrance of IN242 to obtain a delay signal 1 as shown by T242 in FIG.

The clock circuit 18 includes a transistor Q18, resistors R181 and R18, as shown in FIG.
2. It is composed of a diode D18. Then, the signal waveform c of the terminal T181 shown in FIG.
182 is converted to a waveform i. That is, since the output of the waveform shaping circuit 13 is a waveform having amplitudes on the plus side and the minus side, the logic IC
Therefore, the waveform is converted into a waveform having an amplitude only on the plus side as shown in a terminal T182.

A pulse number setting circuit 19, a charge cycle timing circuit 20, and a discharge cycle timing circuit 21
Although not shown, is constituted by a gate IC such as a pulse number setting changeover switch, an encoder, a data selector, a counter, an AND circuit, an OR circuit, and the timing of a charge / discharge cycle is obtained from a clock pulse supplied from the clock circuit 18. Things. Then, as shown in the timing chart of FIG. 13, when a clock pulse i is applied, a signal j is output from the charge cycle timing circuit 20 and a signal k is output from the discharge cycle timing circuit 21.

The electric shock protection circuit 25 includes the electrode 1 shown in FIG.
When a human or another animal approaches the nearby dangerous area, the detection of the approach is to stop the voltage supply to the electrode 1. As a method of detecting the approach of a human or another animal, for example, there is a method using an infrared light projector, a light receiver, a method using an ultrasonic sensor, a method using a resistance change of a load between electrodes, and the like. . Furthermore, there is a method of using a TV camera automatic monitoring device and automatically outputting a detection signal by the automatic monitoring device when an animal enters the viewing angle of the camera.

The first gate circuit 28 and the second gate circuit 29 are, as shown in FIG.
T28, a transistor Q28, a resistor R28, and a diode D28, and as shown in FIG.
When the input of the signal 281 is the waveform p, a signal as shown by the waveform r is output from the terminal T282 (in the case of the first gate circuit 28), and when the input is the waveform q, the signal is shown by the waveform s. (A second gate 2)
9).

Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be described with reference to the timing chart shown in FIG. The symbols a, b, c,... S and Vi, V shown in FIG.
c and Vo show waveforms at respective points shown in FIG. As described above, the first thyristor SCR1 and the second thyristor SCR1
Since the capacitor C1 is disposed between the thyristor SCR2 and SCR2, if the SCR1 is turned on and the SCR2 is turned off, the power from the power supply E1 is charged to the capacitor C1. Conversely, the SCR1 is turned off and the SCR2 is turned on. In this case, the electric power charged in the capacitor C1 is supplied to the terminals 1a and 1a.
Discharge occurs during a ′. The control of the charging and discharging is performed by the control circuit 5.

As shown in FIG. 15, the waveform of the AC power supply E1 is periodically supplied as a sine wave that switches between plus and minus, and the full-wave rectifier circuit 11 turns the entire waveform to the positive side (waveform). a) is converted into a DC voltage having: Next, the zero-cross detection circuit 12 forms a waveform (see waveform b) that protrudes when the waveform reaches the 0 level, and the waveform shaping circuit 13 transforms the protruding waveform into a rectangular pulse waveform ( See waveform c).

The pulse waveform c output from the waveform shaping circuit 13 passes through the differentiating circuit 14 so that
A sawtooth wave (see waveform e) which is transformed into an impulse waveform (see waveform d) which is instantaneously generated and which gradually rises after passing through the integrating circuit 15 and then gradually decreases.
Is formed. The sawtooth wave e is connected to the minus input terminal of a comparator 17 (see FIGS. 2 and 3), while the plus signal input terminal of the comparator 17 has a voltage signal f output from the voltage adjustment circuit 16. Is supplied, when the output voltage f of the voltage adjustment circuit 16 is higher than the sawtooth wave e output from the integration circuit 15, an H-level signal is output, and conversely, the output signal of the voltage adjustment circuit 16 is output. When f is smaller than the sawtooth wave e, an L-level signal is output. Accordingly, the output signal of the comparator 17 has a pulse waveform like the waveform g, and the trigger circuit 22 generates a pulse waveform (see waveform h) that rises instantaneously at the leading edge of the waveform g.
This waveform h is supplied to one input terminal of the AND circuit 26.

On the other hand, the output signal c of the waveform shaping circuit 13 is
The pulse waveform i is also output to the clock circuit 18, and the clock circuit 18 generates a pulse waveform i having an amplitude only on the positive side contrary to the waveform c. When the pulse number is set to, for example, 3: 1 by the pulse number setting circuit 19, the charge cycle timing circuit 20 outputs a waveform j in which three out of the pulses of the waveform i become H level and then become L level once. Is generated and output. Further, the discharge cycle timing circuit 21 generates and outputs the opposite, that is, the waveform k in which the pulse of the waveform i becomes H level once after three times becomes L level. The waveform j is a signal for setting the charging time, and the waveform k is a signal for setting the discharging time.

Next, the charge cycle timing circuit 20
Output from the discharge cycle timing circuit 21 is output to the trigger circuit 22, and the waveform k output from the discharge cycle timing circuit 21 is output to the trigger circuit 22.
A pulse waveform 1 that rises instantaneously at the leading edge of is generated. The waveform 1 is corrected to a waveform delayed by a predetermined time by the delay circuit 23 (see waveform m), and is connected to one input terminal of the second AND circuit 27.

The output from the electric shock protection circuit 25 is supplied to each of the AND circuits 26 and 27.
As shown by the waveform n, a signal of H level is normally output from the electric shock protection circuit 25, and the electrode 1 shown in FIG.
When a human or other animal approaches the vicinity of, this signal operates so as to be at the L level.

Therefore, the output waveform h of the trigger circuit 22 and the charge cycle timing circuit 2
Since an output waveform j of 0 is given, a waveform such as "pulse output three times, rest once" is obtained as output p. Then, the first gate circuit 28 disposed on the subsequent stage side of the AND circuit 26 generates a waveform r that rises in an impulse manner at the leading edge of the waveform p.
Is supplied to the gate input of the thyristor SCR1. Therefore, the voltage waveform applied to the capacitor C1 by the operation of the thyristor is as shown by Vc, and the capacitor C1 can be charged with a constant power by three gate inputs.

If the electric shock protection circuit 25 does not operate, the output of the AND circuit 27 outputs the waveform m as it is (see waveform q), and the second gate circuit 29 outputs the waveform m at the leading edge of the waveform q. A waveform s that rises in an impulse manner is generated and supplied to the gate input of the second thyristor SCR2. Therefore, when the waveform s becomes H level, this signal becomes S
Since the thyristor SCR is supplied to the gate of CR2,
2 is conducted, the electric power charged in the capacitor C1 is discharged and applied between the electrodes 1a and 1a '. As a result, a discharge current flows between the electrodes 1a and 1a ', and as shown in FIG. 1, electricity is conducted in the vicinity of the water intake, so that fish trying to enter the water intake receive an electric shock. Become. In this way, it is possible to prevent fishes from entering the intake port by flowing current near the intake port.

The variable resistor of the voltage adjusting circuit 16 (FIG. 8)
When the output voltage value is increased by adjusting VR16, the pulse width of the waveform g shown in FIG. 15 expands to the left side in the figure (when the waveform f shown in FIG. 15 moves upward, the waveform e The contact point moves to the left), the phase angle at which the first thyristor SCR1 is fired changes, and the voltage charged in the capacitor C1 increases. That is,
By adjusting the voltage adjustment circuit 16, the electrodes 1a, 1
The voltage value applied between a 'can be set arbitrarily.

Further, the dummy resistor R2 shown in FIGS.
The discharge time between the electrodes 1a and 1a 'can be determined by adjusting the size of the electrodes. That is, if the resistance value of the dummy resistor R3 is reduced, the discharge time is shortened,
When the resistance value of R3 is increased, the discharge time becomes longer.

As can be easily understood from the time chart of FIG. 15, a pulse signal is generated at the point where the voltage waveform of the AC power supply E1 crosses zero, three of which are used for charging and one for discharging. The charge / discharge cycle is repeated in the cycle of the power supply voltage, so that the discharge frequency is half the frequency of the power supply voltage. That is, if the power frequency is 50 Hz, 1
It can be discharged 25 times per second and the power frequency is 60
If it is Hz, it can be discharged 30 times per second. The present invention is not limited to the number of discharges, and can be arbitrarily changed. That is, in the above-described example, one charge is performed after three charges, but
When two charges are sufficient, for example, it is also possible to discharge once after charging two times, or it is also possible to make the discharge interval long and discharge once every two seconds.

As described above, in the DC pulse generator according to the present embodiment, the voltage applied between the electrodes 1a and 1a 'can be arbitrarily adjusted, and the voltage application cycle and the discharge time can be adjusted. Also, since it can be adjusted arbitrarily,
A suitable voltage value, a voltage application cycle, and a discharge time can be set in consideration of an installation environment of the electrode 1, an installation interval, water quality, and the like. As a result, fish do not die from shock, and
It is possible to reliably prevent fish from entering the intake.

Further, an electric shock protection circuit 25 is provided.
If a human or other animal approaches the vicinity of the electrode 1, the supply of voltage to the electrode 1 is stopped. For example, if a diver or the like accidentally approaches the water intake, a trouble such as electric shock may occur. It can be prevented beforehand.

In the above embodiment, an example in which a voltage is applied between the two electrodes 1a and 1a 'has been described for the sake of simplicity. However, the present invention is not limited to this. A voltage can be applied between the plurality of electrodes by using the method to prevent fish from entering. Further, in the above-described embodiment, an example has been described in which fish are prevented from entering from the intake port. However, it is needless to say that the present invention can be applied to a drain port. In this case, since the water flow is in the opposite direction as compared with the water intake, it is desirable to set a longer time interval between the electric pulses.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 16 is an electric circuit diagram showing the configuration of the DC pulse generator according to the second embodiment. As shown, this DC pulse generator has a circuit substantially similar to that shown in FIG. Since the configuration is the same, the same parts are omitted to avoid duplication. That is, the portion of “11, 30” on the output side of the AC power supply E1 shown in FIG.
It is connected to the full-wave rectifier circuit 11 and the DC power supply 30 shown in FIG.
"h, j" respectively correspond to the symbols shown in FIG.

In FIG. 16, two systems of full-wave rectifier circuits D1 and D2 are arranged on the high voltage side of the high voltage transformer TR1. Among them, D1 is the same as that of the above-described embodiment, and the description is omitted. And a full-wave rectifier circuit D2
Is connected via a current limiting resistor R3 to a charging thyristor (second charging thyristor) SCR3, and the output side is branched into two systems, one of which is a capacitor (secondary thyristor). Is connected to the negative terminal of the full-wave rectifier circuit D2 via the capacitor C2. The other is connected to a discharging thyristor (second discharging thyristor) SCR4 via a coil L1, and the output of this thyristor SCR4 is connected to the electrode 1 via a diode D3.
a. The charging voltage of the second capacitor C2 is set lower than that of the first capacitor. For example, the first capacitor C1 is charged with a voltage of 1000 V, and the second capacitor C2 is charged with a voltage of 600 volts. I have.

The output of the AND circuit 26 (signal r ')
Is branched into two systems, one is connected to the third gate circuit 31, the other is connected to the fourth gate circuit 32, and the output (signal u) of the third gate 31 is a thyristor S
The output (signal v) of the fourth gate 32 is connected to the gate terminal of the thyristor SCR1.

The output (signal m) of the trigger circuit 24 shown in FIG. 3 is branched into two systems, one of which is connected to one input terminal of an AND circuit 36 and the other input terminal of the AND circuit 36 is connected to the other input terminal. Is connected to the output terminal of the electric shock protection circuit 25 shown in FIG. The output (signal s') of the AND circuit 36 is connected to the fifth gate circuit 33, and the output (signal w) is connected to the gate of the thyristor SCR4.

Further, the other branched from the trigger circuit 24 (FIG. 3) is connected via a timer circuit 35 to a trigger circuit 38.
And this output (signal q ′) is connected to one input terminal of the AND circuit 37. The other input terminal is connected to the output terminal of the electric shock protection circuit 25 in the same manner as the AND circuit 36. The output (signal t) of the AND circuit 37 is guided to the input terminal of the sixth gate circuit 34, and the output (signal x) is connected to the gate of the thyristor SCR2.

Next, the operation of the present embodiment configured as described above will be described. FIG. 17 is a timing chart showing waveforms of the DC pulse generator according to the second embodiment. Since E1 and a to n shown in FIG. 15 are the same, FIG. k and later are described. Also, alphabets p ′ to V shown in FIG.
0 coincides with the alphabetic signal waveforms described in various places in FIG. In the present embodiment, the electrodes 1a and 1a 'output a waveform as shown in FIG. 18, that is, a waveform having a shape obtained by adding a slightly smaller pulse-like waveform to the previous stage of the waveform described as V0 in FIG. Like that.

As shown in FIG. 16, when the output waveform p 'of the timer circuit 35 is obtained, the output waveform q of the trigger circuit 38 is obtained.
And the output waveform q 'is a pulse waveform output at a timing slightly delayed from the waveform m. Accordingly, the output waveforms u of the third and fourth gate circuits 31 and 32,
Although v is output at the same timing, the sixth gate circuit output x is output slightly behind the fifth gate circuit output w. Therefore, the thyristor SCR4 is triggered slightly earlier than the thyristor SCR2 shown in FIG. 116. Therefore, first, the voltage VC2 stored in the capacitor C2 is applied to the electrodes 1a and 1a 'via the SCR4 and D3.
, And then the thyristor SCR2 is triggered, so that the voltage VC1 is applied to the electrodes 1a and 1a '. Since the voltage VC2 is set smaller than the voltage VC1 (for example, when the voltage VC2 is 600 V,
The voltage VC1 is 1000 V. A waveform as shown by V0 in FIG. 17 (a waveform as shown in FIG. 18) is applied between the electrodes 1a and 1a 'to discharge. As shown in FIG. 18, it is desirable that the voltage value VC2 of the preceding stage in this output waveform is set to about 1/2 to 2/3 of the peak value VC1, and the output time t2 of the preceding stage is set to the latter stage. Is preferably about 1/10 of the output time t1.

As described above, in the DC pulse generator according to the present embodiment, since the impulse voltage is set to be applied after the pulse waveform of the weak voltage once rises, it is applied to fish and the like. The influence can be further alleviated, and the fish can be reliably prevented from entering the intake port and the drain port without causing the fish to die.

[0053]

As described above, the DC pulse generator according to the present invention has the following effects. (1) By operating the voltage adjusting circuit, the charging voltage to the capacitor can be adjusted arbitrarily, and therefore, the voltage value applied between the electrodes can be changed arbitrarily.

(2) The discharge time can be adjusted by changing the resistance value of the dummy resistor interposed in parallel with the electrode. That is, the dummy resistor (R
The discharge time can be shortened by reducing the resistance value of 2), and the discharge time can be lengthened by increasing the resistance value. Therefore, it is possible to appropriately set the applied voltage and the discharge time according to the water quality in the vicinity of the installed intake port or drainage port.

(3) By mounting the electric shock protection circuit 25, when a human or other animal exists near the electrode,
Since the application of the voltage is stopped, an electric shock accident can be prevented.

(4) The charge and discharge of the capacitor are switched by controlling the on and off of the first thyristor SCR1 and the second thyristor SCR2. When the SCR1 is on, the SCR2 is off. Conversely, the SCR2 is off. Is turned off, the power charged in the capacitor is not applied to the power supply side, and the circuit can be protected.

(5) If a voltage waveform (refer to FIG. 18) for applying a pulse voltage weaker than the impulse voltage is applied to the electrode before the voltage generated in an impulse manner, it is possible to further improve the fish. The effect can be reduced and the death of fish can be prevented.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a state in which a DC pulse generator according to the present invention is installed near an intake of a hydroelectric power plant.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a DC pulse generator according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an electric circuit diagram more specifically showing the configuration of the block diagram shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a circuit configuration diagram (A) of a zero-cross detection circuit;
(B) Input / output waveform diagram.

5A is a circuit diagram of a waveform shaping circuit, and FIG. 5B is a diagram of input and output waveforms.

6A is a circuit configuration diagram of a differentiating circuit, and FIG. 6B is an input / output waveform diagram.

7A is a circuit diagram of an integration circuit, and FIG. 7B is a waveform diagram of input and output.

FIG. 8 is a circuit configuration diagram of a voltage adjustment circuit.

9A is a circuit diagram of a comparator, and FIG. 9B is a waveform diagram of input and output.

10A is a circuit diagram of a trigger circuit, and FIG. 10B is a waveform diagram of input and output.

11A is a circuit diagram of a delay circuit, and FIG. 11B is a waveform diagram of input and output.

12A is a circuit diagram of a clock circuit, and FIG. 12B is a waveform diagram of input and output.

FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing output waveforms of a charge cycle timing circuit and a discharge cycle timing circuit.

14A is a circuit diagram of a gate circuit, and FIG. 14B is a waveform diagram of input and output.

FIG. 15 is a timing chart showing an operation procedure of the embodiment.

FIG. 16 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of a direct current pulse generator for preventing fish from entering according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a timing chart showing an operation according to the second embodiment.

18 is an explanatory diagram showing the shape of a pulse waveform obtained by the circuit shown in FIG.

FIG. 19 is an electric circuit diagram showing a configuration of a conventional DC pulse generator.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 (1a-1e) Plus electrode 1a'-1e 'Negative electrode 3 Water surface 4 Main circuit 5 Control circuit 11 Full-wave rectifier circuit 12 Synchronous signal generation circuit 13 Waveform shaping circuit 14 Differentiating circuit 15 Integrating circuit 16 Voltage adjusting circuit 17 Comparator 18 Clock circuit 19 Pulse number setting circuit 20 Charge cycle timing circuit 21 Discharge cycle timing circuit 22, 24, 38 Trigger circuit 23 Delay circuit 25 Electric shock protection circuit 26, 27 AND circuit 28 First gate circuit 29 Second gate circuit 30 DC Power supply 31 Third gate circuit 32 Fourth gate circuit 33 Fifth gate circuit 34 Sixth gate circuit 35 Timer circuit 36, 37 AND circuit E1 AC power supply TR1 High-voltage transformer D1, D2 Full-wave rectifier SCR1 First thyristor (Charging thyristor) SCR2 2 thyristors (discharge thyristor) SCR3 third thyristor (charging thyristor) SCR4 fourth thyristor (discharge thyristor) C1, C2 capacitor R1, R3 current limiting resistor R2 dummy resistor RL load resistance D3 diode

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A direct-current pulse generator for preventing fish from entering through a water intake or a drain installed in a vicinity of an intake or a drain of a hydroelectric or thermal power plant, comprising: ), A high-voltage transformer (TR1) that boosts the AC power supply voltage to a predetermined high voltage, and a full-wave rectifier circuit (D1) that is attached to the secondary side of the high-voltage transformer and performs full-wave rectification of the boosted AC voltage. A charging thyristor (SCR1) that is arranged at a stage subsequent to the full-wave rectifier circuit and that is turned on and off by a gate voltage; and a capacitor (C1) that temporarily stores power output from the charging thyristor. A discharging thyristor (SCR2) arranged on the subsequent stage of the capacitor and performing on / off operation by a gate voltage; connected to the latter stage of the discharging thyristor; A plurality of electrodes which are erected in the water drainage opening neighborhood is (1
a, 1a ′), supplying a gate voltage to the charging thyristor and the discharging thyristor at a desired timing to turn on / off each thyristor.
And a control circuit (5) for controlling the charging voltage value of the capacitor and the timing of charging / discharging of the capacitor by controlling off, and a direct current pulse generator for preventing fish from entering. 2. The control circuit detects a zero-cross point of the AC power supply voltage, and obtains a synchronization pulse signal synchronized with the zero-cross point, and a charge timing and a charge timing based on the synchronization pulse signal. Means (20, 21) for setting a discharge timing; means (14, 15) for generating a sawtooth waveform that periodically changes at the time interval of generation of a synchronization pulse signal; and outputting a constant DC voltage whose level can be adjusted. A voltage adjustment circuit (16); a comparator (17) for comparing the sawtooth waveform with a constant DC voltage; and a voltage signal output to the gate of the charging thyristor at the set charging timing according to the output of the comparator. And outputting a voltage signal to the gate of the discharge thyristor at the set discharge timing. 2 of the gate circuit (2
9) The DC pulse generator for preventing fish from entering according to claim 1, wherein the DC pulse generator has at least the following. 3. The control circuit includes a detection unit for detecting the presence of a human or another animal near the water intake or the drain, and the detection unit detects the presence of a human or another animal. An electric shock protection circuit for forcibly stopping the output of the first gate circuit and the output of the second gate circuit when the operation is performed
The direct current pulse generator for preventing fish from entering according to claim 3, characterized in that: 4. A DC pulse generator for preventing fish from entering, which is installed near an intake or a drain of a hydroelectric or thermal power plant to prevent fish from entering the intake or the drain, the AC power supply (E1 ), A high-voltage transformer (TR1) for boosting the AC power supply voltage to a predetermined high voltage, and a first full-wave rectifier mounted in parallel on the secondary side of the high-voltage transformer for full-wave rectification of the boosted AC voltage. Wave rectifier circuit (D
1) and a second full-wave rectifier circuit (D2), and a first charging thyristor (S) that is arranged at a stage subsequent to the first full-wave rectifier circuit and that is turned on / off by a gate voltage.
CR1); a first capacitor (C1) for temporarily storing the power output from the first charging thyristor; a first capacitor (C1) disposed downstream of the first capacitor; The first discharge thyristor (S
CR2), a plurality of electrodes (1a, 1a ') connected to the downstream side of the first discharge thyristor and standing in the water near the water intake or drain, and the second full wave. A second charging thyristor (S) which is arranged at the subsequent stage of the rectifier circuit and which is turned on / off by a gate voltage
CR3), and a second capacitor (C2) for temporarily storing power output from the second charging thyristor (SCR3).
And a coil (L1) disposed on the subsequent stage side of the second capacitor (C2); connected to the subsequent stage of the coil, and turned on and off by a gate voltage.
A second discharge thyristor (SCR) that is turned off and whose output terminal is connected to a stage subsequent to the first discharge thyristor
4) and supplying a gate voltage to the first and second charging thyristors and the first and second discharging thyristors at a desired timing, and controlling ON / OFF of each thyristor to supply a voltage to each of the capacitors. A control circuit (5) for controlling a charging voltage value and timing of charging / discharging of a capacitor, and a direct current pulse generator for preventing fish from entering. 5. The control circuit detects a zero-cross point of the AC power supply voltage, and obtains a synchronization pulse signal synchronized with the zero-cross point, and a charge timing and a charge timing based on the synchronization pulse signal. Means (20, 21) for setting a discharge timing; means (14, 15) for generating a sawtooth waveform that periodically changes at the time interval of generation of a synchronization pulse signal; and outputting a constant DC voltage whose level can be adjusted. A voltage adjusting circuit (16), a comparator (17) for comparing the sawtooth waveform with a constant DC voltage, and a first charging thyristor and a second charging thyristor at the set charging timing according to the comparator output. A third and fourth gate circuit (31, 4) for outputting a voltage signal to the gate;
32) a fifth gate circuit (33) for outputting a voltage signal to the gate of the first discharge thyristor at the set discharge timing; and delaying a trigger output at the set discharge timing. A timer circuit (35) for outputting a voltage signal to the gate of the second discharging thyristor, which is attached to a stage subsequent to the timer circuit and is slightly delayed from the fifth gate circuit. Gate circuit (34)
The direct-current pulse generator for preventing fish from entering according to claim 4, comprising: 6. The control circuit includes a detection unit for detecting the presence of a human or another animal near the water intake or the drain, and the detection unit detects the presence of a human or another animal. 6. The direct current pulse generator for preventing fish from entering according to claim 5, further comprising an electric shock protection circuit (25) for forcibly stopping the outputs of the third to sixth gate circuits when the operation is performed. . 7. The detection means according to claim 1, wherein the detection means is any one of an automatic monitoring device using a TV camera, an infrared detector, an ultrasonic detector, and a load fluctuation detector for measuring a fluctuation in a load between electrodes. The direct-current pulse generator for fish entry according to any one of claims 3 to 6. 8. A resistor (R) for controlling a discharge time between the electrodes.
The DC pulse generator for preventing fish from entering according to any one of claims 1 and 4, wherein the DC pulse generator is interposed.