JPH11347142A - Automatic diffusion fire extinguisher with air temperature sensing operation system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fire extinguisher to be automatically operated by the rise of an air temp. in the event of the occurrence of a fire. SOLUTION: This fire extinguisher consists of a vessel 1 of glass, etc., into which a fire extinguishing agent 2 is enclosed and a high-pressure gas cylinder 9 into which a high-pressure gas is inclosed. A high-pressure gas enclosing plate 10 is pierced by an impact needle 13 to be thermosensitively actuated by a shape memory alloy 14, by which the high-pressure gas is sent via a pressure resistant hose 7 to the vessel 1 to forcibly destroy the vessel 1. The fire extinguishing agent 2 is then instantaneously diffused to a wide range.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the field of fire-extinguishing equipment which senses a rise in the temperature of the surrounding air when a fire occurs and automatically activates the fire.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional fire extinguisher is used when a fire occurs.
Many fire extinguishers are operated by human operation, and building fires occur in places where people are not looking, when people do not notice,
Alternatively, elderly people and children who do not have the ability to perform appropriate firefighting activities even if they notice the occurrence of a fire often spread too late to cause a large fire. In addition, fire extinguishers that operate automatically are manufactured assuming a general home building fire.However, the fire extinguisher is large in shape, and it is difficult to select and install the fire extinguisher. Due to the method of spraying in a limited time and direction, the fire-extinguishing cover area is narrow, and there are many cases where the function cannot be exhibited depending on the place where the fire occurs. In addition, there is a product of a liquid fire extinguisher that, when the temperature of the fire extinguishing agent liquid evaporates due to a rise in the temperature of the extinguishing agent liquid, the container is destroyed by the pressure and automatically diffuses. Requires a considerable amount of time, and fires often progress and operate.Therefore, there are many problems with effective fire extinguishing in the early stage of the fire. Naturally, there is a limit to the amount of fire extinguisher that can be used per container. Particularly in the case of fires that occur in limited spaces, such as building fires, extinguishing fires at the early stage of fire is the most important factor. It becomes possible to extinguish fire effectively. With the revision of the Ministry of Transport's laws,
A self-diffusion type fire extinguisher applicable to small vessels has been notified that it will not approve the type unless it is a fire extinguisher that operates at the air temperature. The vessel becomes ineligible, but the scheme according to the invention is compatible.

[0003]

Therefore, the present invention has been developed to solve the following problems. (B) When a fire occurs, it operates automatically without human intervention and extinguishes the fire at the initial fire stage. (B) When a fire occurs, especially in a limited space such as a building fire, the rise in air temperature causes the rise in temperature near the ceiling due to the convection effect to be sensed, and the temperature set accurately and accurately. Fire extinguisher that works early. (C) By destroying the container in which the fire extinguishing agent is sealed under high pressure, the fire extinguishing agent is diffused over a wide area and the fire extinguishing cover area is expanded. (D) The fire-extinguishing effect at the early stage of the fire is increased by instantaneously diffusing the fire-extinguishing agent at high pressure. (E) Compact and lightweight, with a shape that facilitates selection of mounting locations and mounting work. (F) Simple structure and easy production. (G) The fire extinguishing agent is operated in accordance with the amount of fire extinguishing agent according to the area and the volume of the space to be extinguished. (H) An automatic diffusion type fire extinguisher that satisfies the requirements of the type approval of the Ministry of Transport and operates by sensing air temperature.

[0004]

According to the present invention, a fire extinguishing agent is sealed in a container made of glass or a material which does not deteriorate for a long period of time and which can withstand a certain pressure. When the temperature of the air near the ceiling rises, the temperature is sensed and an incombustible gas such as liquefied carbon dioxide gas is introduced into the container, and the container is forcibly destroyed by the pressure. Perform diffusion. The container in which the fire extinguisher is enclosed is designed so that the internal pressure can withstand about 5 kg / cm ² . When expanding the diffusion range according to the area to be extinguished or the volume of the space, use a container that can withstand up to about 7 kg / cm ² . As a fire extinguishing agent to be used, a liquid or powder can be used, but when a general household is assumed, a liquid exhibits a fire extinguishing ability more effectively. In addition, in order to sense the air temperature and open the insertion plate of the high-pressure gas cylinder, a compressed and memorized small diameter rod-shaped shape memory alloy was used, and as the air temperature rose, the shape memory alloy was set. When the temperature is reached, use the force to return to its original length. The shape memory alloy used was a 3.1 mm diameter KIKALLO manufactured by Daido Steel Co., Ltd.
As a result of the test performed in Y, compression processing of about 5% is possible with respect to the length of the shape memory alloy, and the shape recovery temperature is restored within a range of ± 5 ° C. with respect to the set temperature. Therefore, it can be used according to the purpose. When compressing, several thousand kg of material with a diameter of 3.1 mm
When pressure is restored, almost the same force can be obtained even when restoring, so that a sufficient force for opening the sealing plate of the cylinder can be drawn out. In addition, since a 1.5 mm restoring distraction corresponding to 5% is obtained by using a shape memory alloy having a total length of 3 cm, a stroke for breaking and opening the sealing plate of the cylinder can be sufficiently secured.

[0005]

According to the function of the present invention, when a fire occurs, the rise of air temperature is sensed and the fire is automatically activated to spread a fire extinguishing agent.
The order when spraying is as follows. When the fire extinguisher of the present invention is mounted or suspended near the ceiling in a room or in a ship, a fire occurs, and the temperature near the ceiling rapidly rises due to a rise in room temperature and a convection effect. But,
At about the set temperature, the firing pin connected to the compression-processed shape memory alloy pushes through the sealing plate of the high-pressure gas cylinder and ejects the high-pressure gas near the set temperature. The jetted high-pressure gas is introduced into a glass or other container containing a fire extinguishing agent, and the pressure of the gas destroys the container and instantaneously diffuses the fire extinguishing agent to extinguish the fire at the initial fire stage. . For example, in the case of a building fire, the operating temperature is set to 75 ° C. ± 5 ° C., and in the case of a ship, 100 ° C. ± 10 ° C.
Set within the range. If a fire extinguisher to be used is a liquid or a powder, it can spread over a wide range and exhibit fire extinguishing ability. The internal pressure of the container for extinguishing the fire extinguisher is
Although it is preferable to design to break at g / cm ² ,
In order to expand the range of diffusion according to the size and conditions of the room, even if the internal pressure is designed to break down at 7 kg / cm ² , the operation time is hardly affected. When a liquid fire extinguishing agent is used, an appropriate amount of the fire extinguishing agent is 600 cc to 1500 cc, and a liquefied carbon dioxide gas cylinder used at that time contains 20 cc and has a sufficient diffusion capacity. Can be demonstrated. When using powder fire extinguisher, reduce the volume of liquefied carbon dioxide to 50cc.
By increasing the amount as described above, it is possible to diffuse even when about 2 kg is used.

[0006]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Reference numeral 1 denotes a cylindrical container in which a fire extinguishing agent is sealed, which is closed on one side, made of glass or a durable material that can be processed so that the internal pressure can withstand 5 kg / cm ² or more. . Reference numeral 2 denotes a fire extinguishing agent sealed in the container 1, which is filled with a liquid or powdered fire extinguishing agent. Reference numeral 3 denotes a space for absorbing a volume in which the liquid expands due to the outside air temperature when a liquid fire extinguisher is used, and is not necessary when a powder fire extinguisher is used. 4 is a container 1 for high pressure gas
This is a high-pressure gas introduction pipe that is introduced into the center of the pipe and uniformly diffuses the fire extinguisher when the container breaks down due to internal pressure. Reference numeral 5 denotes a thin film of silicon or the like provided to prevent the fire extinguishing agent from flowing back into the high-pressure gas introduction pipe 4. Reference numeral 6 denotes an injection port for filling the fire extinguishing agent in the container 1, which is a portion that is melted or bonded to the high-pressure gas introduction pipe 4 and sealed. Reference numeral 7 denotes a pressure-resistant hose connected to the high-pressure gas introduction pipe 4 and the high-pressure gas extraction pipe 8.
Reference numeral 8 denotes a connection pipe for extracting high-pressure gas from the connection coupling 11, which is fixed to the connection pipe 11 by screwing or welding. Reference numeral 9 denotes a cylinder for a nonflammable high-pressure gas such as liquefied carbon dioxide. Reference numeral 10 denotes a sealing plate for a high-pressure gas cylinder. 11 is a high pressure gas cylinder 9 and a heat sensitive part protection pipe 1
6 and a coupling for connecting the connection pipe 8.
Reference numeral 12 denotes a space for guiding the high-pressure gas to the connection pipe 8. Reference numeral 13 denotes a firing pin for pressing and opening the sealing plate 10 of the gas cylinder, and has a hardness for opening the sealing plate.
The gas cooled by the ejection of the gas is supplied to the shape memory alloy 14.
Use a material with low thermal conductivity, such as hard ceramic, so as not to be transmitted to Reference numeral 14 denotes a compression-processed shape memory alloy which is processed so as to suddenly return to its original length when reaching a set temperature. Reference numeral 15 denotes a backing for preventing the jetted high-pressure gas from directly entering the heat-sensitive part protection pipe 16 to cool the shape memory alloy 14 which has sensed heat and prevent the restoration of the shape memory alloy 14 from being prevented. Reference numeral 16 denotes a heat-sensitive part protection pipe for accommodating the shape memory alloy 14 and the firing pin 13. The heat is used when the shape memory alloy 14 is restored and extended, and also has a role of preventing the shape memory alloy 14 from being distorted. Use a pipe. Reference numeral 17 denotes a nut which is adjusted and fixed so that the firing pin 13 contacts the sealing plate 10 of the high-pressure gas cylinder appropriately without any gap. Reference numeral 18 denotes a heat collecting plate which senses and collects the temperature of the surrounding air and transmits it to the heat-sensitive part protection pipe 16.
16 and fixed by welding. Reference numeral 19 denotes a screw portion for inserting a high-pressure gas cylinder into the coupling 11 and sealingly fixing the same. 20 is a heat-sensitive part protection pipe 16 and a coupling 1
1 is a screw portion for connecting and fixing. Reference numeral 21 denotes a screw part for adjusting and fixing the heat-sensitive part protection pipe and the adjustment nut 17. A fire extinguisher having the above structure, which is sensitive to the rising air temperature when a fire occurs, and which operates automatically and early in the initial fire stage,
By installing it near the ceiling of a room in a house, the convection effect due to the rise in air temperature can be detected and activated even if the place of installation is slightly away from the fire source.

The fire-extinguishing agent container 1 has an internal pressure of 5 kg / cm ² to 7 kg / cm ² depending on the amount of the fire extinguishing agent used.
^{In 2} , design to break.

In the case of a building fire, when preparing for fire extinguishing in each room, the amount of the extinguishing agent is 600 cc to 1500 c.
c is an appropriate amount and the fire extinguishing cover area is
It is about 20 m ² at 0 m ² and 1500 cc. When a powder fire extinguisher is used, an appropriate amount is about 1 kg to 2 kg, and a fire extinguishing cover area can be secured up to 10 m ² degrees.
In addition, for use in a place having a large area such as a warehouse, a plurality of fire extinguishing cover areas can be expanded by installing a plurality of areas according to the area.

When liquefied carbon dioxide gas is used as the high-pressure gas, it is necessary to use a small cylinder containing 20 cc for a liquid fire extinguishing agent, and to use a cylinder containing about 50 cc for a powder extinguishing agent. There is.

The fire extinguisher according to the present invention is suitable for extinguishing a fire in a room having a relatively small area. A figure is desirable. Therefore, by utilizing the shape memory alloy that has been compressed and stored in the opening mechanism of the sealing plate of the high-pressure gas cylinder, it is possible to realize a small and lightweight production.

The fire extinguisher storage part, the temperature sensing part, and the gas cylinder of the present fire extinguisher are fixed with a metal fitting which can be attached as a unit while maintaining a space of about 1 cm, and both can be hung horizontally or attached. Make the structure possible. Also,
Depending on the necessity of the installation place, use a material such as a coarse mesh or stainless steel plate to prevent the scattering of container fragments.
The structure is such that a punched net can be attached so that the opening area is 90% or more.

[Effects of the invention] The fires in buildings in ordinary households are often caused by tempura fires, tobacco mismanagement, and children playing with fire, so fire extinguishing work is performed at the initial fire stage immediately after the fire occurs. For example, fire can be effectively extinguished with a small amount of fire extinguishing agent and fire spread can be prevented. As mentioned above, in the case of a building fire, a fire extinguisher that is sensitive and automatically activated, regardless of human operation, is required even when people are not watching or when people are not aware of it, The present invention meets these requirements. Also, even in the case of initial fire extinguishing, a liquid fire extinguisher sprayed in a shower or a powder fire extinguisher sprayed in a certain direction has a limited fire area depending on the location of the fire, and a sufficient fire extinguishing effect can be obtained. There are not many examples. The present invention introduces a high-pressure noncombustible gas into a container in which a fire extinguisher is enclosed, and when the pressure in the container is sufficiently stored, instantaneously and impulsively diffuses the gas. The cooling effect, the suffocation effect, the effect of the instantaneous decrease in the oxygen concentration, and the shock effect are added, and the fire can be efficiently extinguished. In addition, even in large-scale buildings that require fire extinguishing equipment in rooms, such as hotels, even in large-scale buildings where the installation of sprinklers is required by law, when the sprinklers are activated, Although the damage may be widespread and cause unexpected damage, the fire extinguisher of the present invention is installed in each room and the operating temperature is set to 79 ° C. or less of the sprinkler, so that the fire in the room where the fire occurred The fire can be partially extinguished, minimizing damage. Further, the application is not limited to home use, and can be applied to a wide range of fields. Especially in a recent building fire,
If you notice a fire, you have no ability to extinguish
In addition, the increasing number of elderly people who cannot escape and the deaths of children are greatly helping to prevent such miserable fires. In addition, the requirements can be satisfied as an automatic diffusion type fire extinguisher of the air temperature sensing type for small boats.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a structure of an automatic diffusion fire extinguisher according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing the structure of a firing pin and a heat-sensitive protection pipe for opening a sealing plate of a high-pressure gas cylinder with a shape memory alloy of a heat-sensitive part of the fire extinguisher.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional example showing a mechanism for opening and removing a high-pressure gas cylinder of the fire extinguisher.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 fire extinguisher storage container 2 fire extinguisher 3 space 4 high-pressure gas introduction pipe 5 backflow prevention thin film 6 extinguisher filling inlet and high-pressure gas introduction pipe joint 7 pressure-resistant hose 8 high-pressure gas take-out pipe 9 high-pressure gas cylinder 10 sealing plate for cylinder 11 connection Coupling 12 Space for taking out high-pressure gas 13 Cylinder enclosing plate 14 Shape memory alloy 15 Gas intrusion prevention packing 16 Heat sensitive part protection pipe 17 Shape memory alloy adjustment nut 18 Heat collecting plate 19 Insertion screw part of cylinder and coupling 20 Heat sensitive Thread for jointing protective pipe and coupling 21 Thread for adjusting nut of shape memory alloy

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A fire extinguisher enclosed in a container such as glass is sensed by detecting an increase in air temperature in a place where a fire occurs, and a cylinder of nonflammable high-pressure gas such as liquefied carbon dioxide gas is opened. By introducing into the container, the container is forcibly destroyed under high pressure and the fire extinguishing agent is diffused instantaneously and widely, and when the air temperature reaches the set temperature,
This is a fire extinguisher characterized by performing automatic fire extinguishing effectively at an early stage of fire by operating accurately in a short time. 2. In order to accurately open the sealing plate of the high-pressure gas cylinder at a set temperature, a small diameter rod of a shape memory alloy is compressed and memorized. This is a method for opening a gas cylinder enclosing plate which utilizes the force of restoring and extending, and has a simple structure, small size, light weight, and low cost.