JPH11330818A - Dielectric resonator coupling structure, oscillator, dielectric filter, transmission/reception shaped device and communication equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To readily and strongly couple the electromagnetic field of a resonator and the electromagnetic field of a line by connecting a conductor pattern to be operated as a resonator part and the line through a wire or the like. SOLUTION: At the upper part of a stem 40, various conductor patterns are formed, and a dielectric substrate 1 mounting components is placed. By covering the upper part of the stem 40 with a cap 41, the surrounding of the dielectric substrate 1 is shielded. On the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 1, ground electrodes are formed over almost the entire surface, while section to pass pins 16, 17 and 18 are avoided. On the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 1, a gap between an electrode 2 for resonator and the ground electrode on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 1 is operated as a dielectric resonator in TM010 mode. A microstrip line 8 is connected with the dielectric resonator 2 by a wire 22. Thus, by connecting them through the wire, L-coupling is made between the microstrip line 8 and the dielectric resonator, and the degree of coupling is enhanced.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a coupling structure of a dielectric resonator used in a microwave band or a millimeter wave band, an oscillator, a dielectric filter, a duplexer, and a communication device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art With the recent increase in demand for mobile communication systems and the amount of transmitted information, the communication band is being expanded from the microwave band to the millimeter wave band. When configuring an oscillator in such a high frequency band, a dielectric resonator is used as the resonator.

[0003] For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-99601 discloses a signal transmission line in which a dielectric substrate is formed on a conductor substrate, and a linear conductor is formed on the dielectric substrate. A microwave band equalizer in which a resonator is formed on a dielectric substrate is disclosed.

FIG. 11 is an exploded perspective view of the above-described conventional oscillator. In the figure, 1 is a dielectric substrate,
Various conductive patterns such as a microstrip line 8 are formed on the surface thereof, an oscillation circuit is formed by mounting the FET 7, and the resonator electrode 2 is arranged on the dielectric substrate 1. Such a dielectric substrate 1 is connected to a stem 4
0, and the entire periphery of the dielectric substrate 1 is shielded by covering with a cap 41.

[0005]

The characteristics of the oscillator shown in FIG. 11 are determined by the degree of coupling between the microstrip line 8 and the resonator electrode 2. This coupling is determined by the distance between the resonator electrode 2 and the microstrip line 8. Since the resonator having the circular resonator electrode has a high energy confinement, the distance between the two is considerably reduced. Become. However, there is a certain limit to the distance between the resonator electrode 2 and the microstrip line 8, so that no stronger coupling can be obtained.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a coupling structure between a dielectric resonator and a line which can easily and strongly couple the electromagnetic field of the dielectric resonator formed on the dielectric substrate and the electromagnetic field of the line. An object of the present invention is to provide an oscillator, a dielectric filter, a duplexer, and a communication device using a coupling structure.

[0007]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a dielectric resonator coupling structure in which a conductive pattern acting as a dielectric resonator section and a line are formed on a dielectric substrate. At the same time, the conductor pattern and the line are connected by a wire or the like. In this way, by connecting the conductor pattern acting as the dielectric resonator unit and the line with a wire or the like, the electromagnetic field of the dielectric resonator unit and the electromagnetic field of the microstrip line are easily and strongly coupled. Can be done.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the conductor pattern acting as the dielectric resonator unit and the line are formed as a continuous pattern. As a result, the electromagnetic field of the dielectric resonator unit and the electromagnetic field of the line are directly coupled, and strong coupling can be easily obtained.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, a capacitor is connected between the conductor pattern acting as the dielectric resonator unit and the line. The capacitor may be a conductor pattern other than the chip capacitor. With this structure, the electromagnetic field of the dielectric resonator unit and the electromagnetic field of the line are directly coupled,
A strong bond is easily obtained.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the dielectric resonator coupling structure, an oscillation element is provided on the line.

Further, as described in claim 5, a main line and a sub line are formed on a dielectric substrate, an oscillation element is connected to the main line, and a variable reactance element is connected to the sub line. As a result, the main line from the oscillation circuit is coupled to the dielectric resonator section, and the sub-line loaded with the variable reactance element is coupled. The oscillation frequency is controlled by changing the reactance of the variable reactance element. become able to.

In the dielectric filter according to the present invention, the line is configured as a signal input port or a signal input port.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, a duplexer uses a dielectric filter as one or both of a transmission filter and a reception filter, and uses the transmission filter between a transmission signal input port and an input / output port. And the reception filter is provided between a reception signal output port and the input / output port.

The communication device according to the present invention is configured such that the dielectric filter is provided in a high-frequency circuit section. As described in claim 9, a transmission circuit is connected to a transmission signal input port of the duplexer, a reception circuit is connected to a reception signal output port of the duplexer, and an input / output port of the duplexer. An antenna is connected to this.
Alternatively, the oscillator is provided in an oscillation circuit section.

[0015]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The configuration of an oscillator according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of the oscillator. In the figure, reference numeral 40 denotes a stem, and a pin 1 moves downward in the figure.
6, 17, and 18 are projected in an insulated state.
The fixing screws 20 and 21 project in the same direction. On the upper portion of the stem 40, a dielectric substrate 1 on which various conductive patterns are formed and components are mounted is mounted. Further, by covering a cap 41 on the upper part of the stem 40, the periphery of the dielectric substrate 1 is shielded.

On the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 1 in the figure, a ground electrode is formed on almost the entire surface, avoiding the portions through which the pins 16, 17 and 18 pass. On the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 1, 2
Is a circular resonator electrode, and the space between the resonator electrode and the ground electrode on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 1 acts as a TM010 mode dielectric resonator. Reference numeral 8 denotes a microstrip line, which is connected to the dielectric resonator 2 by a wire 22. By connecting with wires like this,
The microstrip line 8 and the dielectric resonator are L-coupled to increase the degree of coupling. An FET 7 is connected to one end of the microstrip line 8 and the microstrip lines 4 and 11, respectively. Reference numeral 5 denotes a ground electrode, and a chip resistor 6
Are connected. A capacitance is formed between the microstrip lines 4 and 3 on the substrate, and an electrode 15 extending from the microstrip line 3 is used as an output electrode and
7 is connected. The microstrip line 11 and the input electrode 14 are connected by a microstrip line 12 as an inductor. The chip capacitor 13 is connected between the input electrode 14 and the ground electrode 5. 1
Reference numeral 0 denotes a ground electrode, and the other end of the microstrip line 8 coupled to the dielectric resonator and the ground electrode 10
Is connected to a chip resistor 9 as a terminating resistor.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the electric field distribution of the dielectric resonator section formed on the dielectric substrate. Thus, at least one of the resonator electrodes 2 is sandwiched by the dielectric substrate 1.
Is circular, thereby acting as a TM010 mode dielectric resonator. This mode is an example, and a mode other than the TM010 mode may be used.

FIG. 3 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the oscillator shown in FIG. The numbers in the figure correspond to the numbers of the respective parts shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, a microstrip line 8 coupled to a resonator formed by the resonator electrode 2 and terminated by a resistor 9 is connected to the gate of the FET 7. The power supply input voltage is applied to the drain of the FET 7 through a filter including the chip capacitor 13 and the inductor 12. The oscillation signal is extracted from the source of the FET 7 to the output terminal via the capacitor. Thus, a band reflection type oscillation circuit is formed.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the main part of the oscillator according to the second embodiment. The difference from the one shown in FIG. 1 lies in the configuration of the resonator electrode 2 and the microstrip line 8. FIG. 4B is a partially enlarged perspective view of FIG. 4A, in which the resonator electrode 2 and the microstrip line 8 are connected as a DC-continuous conductor pattern at a position where they are closest to each other. . The degree of coupling between the microstrip line 8 and the dielectric resonator is determined by the width w and the length t of this portion. In general, the smaller t is,
Also, the coupling degree increases as w increases. Therefore,
It is possible to finely adjust the degree of coupling by adjusting one or both of t and w by removing a portion of the conductor pattern where the resonator electrode 2 and the microstrip line 8 are continuous using a cutting tool. It becomes possible.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the main part of the oscillator according to the third embodiment. On the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 1, reference numeral 31 denotes a microstrip line coupled to the resonator formed by the resonator electrode 2, and an end thereof and the ground electrode 3.
3, a varactor diode 32 is mounted. A microstrip line 34 as an inductor is formed from the end of the microstrip line 31.
Reference numeral 36 denotes a control electrode, and a chip resistor 35 is mounted between the control electrode 36 and an end of the microstrip line 34. A chip capacitor 37 is mounted between the control electrode 36 and the ground electrode 10. The pin 18 is connected to the control electrode 36.

The connecting portions between the resonator electrode 2 and the microstrip lines 8 and 31 are connected continuously at predetermined widths w1 and w2 and predetermined lengths t1 and t2 as shown in FIGS. Conductor pattern. In FIG. 5, the configuration of the other parts is the same as that shown in FIG. Therefore, also in this case, the degree of coupling can be finely adjusted by partially removing the conductive pattern portion where the resonator electrode 2 and the microstrip lines 8 and 31 are continuous using a cutting tool. Fine adjustment of the degree of coupling makes it possible to adjust the characteristics of the oscillator.

FIG. 6 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the oscillator shown in FIG. In FIG. 6, the microstrip line 8 acts as a main line, 31 acts as a sub line, the inductor 34, the resistor 35, and the capacitor 37 act as an RF filter, and the capacitance of the varactor diode 32 changes according to the control input voltage. As a result, the load capacitance of the sub-line 31 changes, and the oscillation frequency of the FET 7 changes accordingly.

In the example shown in FIG. 5, the resonator electrode 2
And the conductor patterns of the microstrip lines 8 and 31 are simultaneously formed as a continuous pattern. However, the microstrip lines 8 and 31 and the resonator electrode 2 are connected by wires as shown in FIG. Is also good.

Next, FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing the structure of a main part of a dielectric filter according to a fourth embodiment. In the figure, reference numeral 40 denotes a stem, and pins 16 and
17, 18 are projected in an insulated state. On the upper portion of the stem 40, a dielectric substrate 1 on which various conductive patterns are formed and components are mounted is placed. Stem 40
Is covered with a cap (not shown) to shield the periphery of the dielectric substrate 1.

On the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 1 in the drawing, a ground electrode is formed on almost the entire surface except for the portions where the pins 16, 17, and 18 pass. On the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 1, 2
a, 2b and 2c are circular resonator electrodes, respectively.
The space between these resonator electrodes and the ground electrode on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 1 acts as a TM010 mode dielectric resonator. Reference numerals 23 and 24 denote microstrip lines, respectively.
Chip capacitors 25 and 26 are mounted between the electrode 4 and the resonator electrodes 2a and 2c. By connecting the microstrip lines 23 and 24 to the resonator electrodes 2a and 2c with capacitors in this way, the microstrip lines 23 and 24 and the dielectric resonator are strongly C-coupled. Pins 16 and 17 are connected to the ends of the microstrip lines 23 and 24, respectively.

Instead of mounting the chip capacitors 25 and 26, a capacitor may be formed by laminating a conductor pattern extending from a microstrip line and a conductor pattern extending from a resonator electrode with a dielectric layer interposed therebetween. Good. According to this structure, fine adjustment of the coupling can be performed by adjusting the capacitance by partially removing the laminated portion of the conductor pattern.

The three dielectric resonators formed by the resonator electrodes 2a, 2b, and 2c are connected to each other and function as a band-pass filter composed of three stages of resonators as a whole.

Next, FIG. 8 shows a configuration of a main part of a duplexer according to a fifth embodiment. FIG. 3 is a plan view of the dielectric substrate. 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2
e, five resonator electrodes indicated by e, and three microstrip lines indicated by 23, 24, 25 are formed. The ends of the microstrip lines 23, 24, 25 are connected to the pins 16, 17, 18, respectively. On the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 1, a ground electrode is formed on almost the entire surface, avoiding the portions through which the pins 16, 17, and 18 pass. The resonator electrode 2a and the microstrip line 23 are formed by a continuous conductor pattern. Similarly, the resonator electrode 2e
And the microstrip line 25 are formed by a continuous conductor pattern. Further, the resonator electrodes 2c, 2d
And the microstrip line 24 are also formed by a continuous conductor pattern.

The three dielectric resonators formed by the resonator electrodes 2a, 2b, and 2c are combined with adjacent dielectric resonators and function as a band-pass filter including three stages of resonators as a whole. Similarly, the two dielectric resonators formed by the resonator electrodes 2d and 2e are connected to adjacent dielectric resonators and function as a band-pass filter including two-stage resonators. The former is used as a reception filter, and the latter is used as a transmission filter.

The conductor pattern connecting between the microstrip line 24 and the resonator electrodes 2c and 2d is such that the electrical length between the first stage resonator of the receiving filter and the branch point (the position of the microstrip line 24) is determined by the transmission frequency. 1/4 in
The relationship becomes an odd multiple of the wavelength, and the electrical length between the resonator at the last stage of the transmission filter and the branch point is 1/1 of the reception frequency.
The relationship is determined so as to have an odd multiple of four wavelengths. As a result, the impedance of the filter on the other side seen from the branch point is made extremely large, and the transmission signal and the reception signal are branched.

Next, FIG. 9 shows a configuration of a main part of a communication device according to a sixth embodiment. In the figure, reference numeral 46 denotes a reception signal output port, 46 d a transmission signal input port,
An antenna duplexer having an antenna port 6e uses the duplexer shown in FIG. This antenna duplexer 4
6, the receiving circuit 47 is connected to the receiving signal output port 46c, the transmitting circuit 48 is connected to the transmitting signal input port 46d, and the antenna 49 is connected to the antenna port 46e, thereby constituting the communication device 50 as a whole.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a configuration of a main part of a communication device according to the seventh embodiment. In the figure, DPX is an antenna duplexer, and a transmission signal is input from a power amplifier PA. Further, a reception signal is supplied from the DPX to the mixer through a low noise amplifier LNA and an RX filter (reception filter). On the other hand, the local oscillator by the PLL is an oscillator OSC and a frequency divider D for dividing the frequency of the oscillation signal.
And a local signal is provided to the mixer.
Here, the duplexer shown in FIG. 8 can be used as DPX, the dielectric filter shown in FIG. 7 can be used as RX filter, and the oscillator shown in the first to third embodiments can be used as OSC. Can be used.

[0034]

According to the first to third aspects of the present invention, the electromagnetic field of the dielectric resonator unit is provided while the dielectric resonator unit and the line are arranged on the same plane on the dielectric substrate. And the electromagnetic field of the line are directly coupled, and stronger coupling can be obtained.

In particular, according to the second aspect of the present invention, fine adjustment of the coupling can be performed by partially removing the conductor pattern.

In the third aspect of the present invention, when a capacitor is formed by a conductor pattern, the degree of coupling can be finely adjusted by partially deleting the conductor pattern.

According to the fourth aspect of the invention, the dielectric resonator unit, the line, and the oscillation element are arranged on the same plane on the dielectric substrate, but the dielectric resonator unit, the oscillation element, Can be strongly tied if necessary.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the main line from the oscillation circuit is coupled to the dielectric resonator section, and the sub-line loaded with the variable reactance element is coupled to the dielectric resonator. By changing the reactance of the element, the oscillation frequency can be controlled.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, while the dielectric resonator unit and the line are arranged on the same plane on the dielectric substrate, the dielectric resonator unit and the line can be arranged as required. And a predetermined filter characteristic can be easily obtained.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the size of the duplexer is reduced as a whole by using a small-sized dielectric filter in which the dielectric resonator section and the line are arranged on the same plane on the dielectric substrate. it can.

According to the present invention, communication is performed using a small-sized dielectric resonator or a dielectric filter in which a dielectric resonator unit and a line are respectively arranged on the same plane on a dielectric substrate. The entire machine can be downsized.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing a configuration of an oscillator according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of an electric field distribution of a dielectric resonator unit.

FIG. 3 is an equivalent circuit diagram of an oscillator.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a main part of an oscillator according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a main part of an oscillator according to a third embodiment.

FIG. 6 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the oscillator.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a main part of a dielectric filter according to a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a plan view of a main part of a duplexer according to a fifth embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a communication device according to a sixth embodiment;

FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a main part of a communication device according to a seventh embodiment;

FIG. 11 is an exploded perspective view showing a configuration of a conventional oscillator.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1-dielectric substrate 2-resonator electrode 3,4-microstrip line 5-ground electrode 6-chip resistor 7-FET 8-microstrip line (main line) 9-chip resistor 10-ground electrode 11,12-micro Strip line 13-chip capacitor 14-input electrode 15-output electrode 16-18-pin 19-ground electrode 20,21-screw 22-wire 23,24-microstrip line 25,26-chip capacitor 31-microstrip line ( Sub-line) 32-varactor diode 33-ground electrode 34-microstrip line (inductor) 35-chip resistor 36-control electrode 37-chip capacitor 40-stem 41-cap 42-dielectric resonator 43-support

Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code FI H04B 1/40 H04B 1/40

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A conductor pattern and a line acting as a dielectric resonator unit are respectively formed on a dielectric substrate, and the conductor pattern and the line are connected by a wire or the like. Dielectric resonator coupling structure. 2. The dielectric resonator coupling structure according to claim 1, wherein the conductor pattern acting as the dielectric resonator unit and the line are formed as a continuous pattern. 3. The dielectric resonator coupling structure according to claim 1, wherein a capacitor is connected between the conductor pattern acting as the dielectric resonator unit and the line. 4. An oscillator, comprising: an oscillating element connected to the line on the dielectric substrate according to claim 1. 5. The line according to claim 1, wherein the line comprises a main line and a sub-line, and an oscillation element connected to the main line and a variable reactance element connected to the sub-line. An oscillator provided on a dielectric substrate. 6. A dielectric filter using the line according to claim 1 as an input port or an output port of a signal. 7. The dielectric filter according to claim 6, which is used for one or both of a transmission filter and a reception filter, wherein the transmission filter is provided between a transmission signal input port and an input / output port, and the reception filter is provided. A duplexer provided between a reception signal output port and said input / output port. 8. A communication device comprising the dielectric filter according to claim 6 provided in a high-frequency circuit section. 9. A duplexer according to claim 7, wherein a transmit circuit is connected to a transmit signal input port of the duplexer, a receive circuit is connected to a receive signal output port of the duplexer, and an input / output port of the duplexer. A communication device consisting of an antenna connected to 10. A communication device comprising the oscillator according to claim 4 provided in an oscillation circuit section.