JPH11327553A - Method for determining music tone conversion point of song and memory medium storing music tone conversion point determination program - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make it possible to automatically estimate a position where music changes from text by making determination that the position just before a topic conversion word is a point where a music tone is to be converted when the topic conversion word is detected. SOLUTION: A morpheme analysis section 101 analyzes the morphological elements of the text 111 and extracts the text word 112 divided to a word unit and a text position 114 indicating from the character of which order in the text the text word 112 starts. This section transfers the text word 112 to a retrieval section 102. The text position 114 is transferred to a conversion position output section 104. This retrieval section 102 fetches a topic conversion word list 113 from a previously prepd. topic conversion word dictionary 103 and makes retrieval as to whether the text word 112 is included in the topic conversion word list 113 or not. If the text word 112 is included in the topic conversion word list 113, a music tone conversion signal 115 is outputted to the conversion position output section 104. The conversion position output section 104 outputs the text position 114 at the point of this time as a music tone conversion position 116.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for determining a turning point of a song, and a storage medium storing a program for determining a turning point of a song. The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for determining a turning point of a song for determining a turning point of a song that is required when the song is played, and a storage medium storing a turning point determining program of the song.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a musical piece generally has a size of 4-1.
It often consists of a combination of about six measures. At the boundary of the combination, the arrangement is seasoned such as a change in key, a continuous short note, or a fill-in of drums. In composer / arranger, it is necessary to give the intonation of the whole song by consciously seasoning such a boundary part.

Conventionally, as a method and apparatus for supporting composition and arrangement, there have been proposed a method of automatically performing arrangement based on a harmony progress and an arrangement style given by a user, and a method of preparing a part (1) of a prepared piece of music. There is a method of arranging phrases, drum patterns, etc. of up to about four measures) in accordance with the specification of the user.

[0004]

However, the above-mentioned conventional method of supporting composition / arrangement is based on the premise that the user explicitly has an intention for the composition of the music.
Using the song without such intentions may produce a song that has a flat expansion and lacks inflection. Therefore, the user has a clear intention about the composition of the whole song in order to give the inflection of the song, and clearly indicates the change of the harmony progression (transposition) and the number of measures that constitute one motif according to the composition. Must be specified. In order to make these specifications, the lyrics must be created first, and then when a song is to be added, the user must consider the composition of the lyrics.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and a method and apparatus for determining a turning point of a song for automatically estimating a position at which the song should change, which is important for composition and arrangement, from lyrics. It is an object of the present invention to provide a storage medium which stores a program for determining a musical tone turning point.

[0006]

FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining the principle of the present invention. According to the present invention (claim 1), in a song melody turning point determining method for determining a point at which the melody of a song is to be changed, the presence or absence of a topic changing word in the lyrics words is detected (step 1), and the topic changing word is detected. If it is detected (step 2), it is determined that the position immediately before the topic conversion word is a point at which the tune is changed (step 3).

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in a method of determining a tune change point of a song for determining a point at which the tune of the song is to be changed, the degree of use of each word of the lyric words and the entire lyric are determined by the user Calculates the melody conversion cost of each word from the relationship between the boundary and the word position when dividing equally into the number specified by, and selects the word with the highest melody conversion cost by the number of divisions specified by the user Then, the position immediately before the selected word is determined to be a point at which the tone is changed.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the principle of the present invention. The present invention (Claim 3) is a song tune change point determining device for determining a point at which the tune of a song is to be changed, comprising a conversion word detecting means 10 for detecting the presence or absence of a topic conversion word in a lyric word, When the conversion word detection means 10 detects a topic conversion word, the conversion word detection means 10 has a determination means 20 for determining that the position immediately before the topic conversion word is a point at which the melody is changed.

The present invention (claim 4) includes a morphological analysis means for extracting a lyric word and a lyric position by morphologically analyzing the input lyric text. The present invention (claim 5) is a conversion word detecting means 10 for detecting a topic conversion word in a lyrics word by referring to a topic conversion word dictionary storing topic conversion words and a topic conversion word dictionary. including.

The present invention (Claim 6) is a tune change point determining apparatus for deciding a point at which the tune of a song is to be changed. A cost calculation unit that calculates the tonal conversion cost of each word from the relationship between the boundary and the position of the word when dividing equally into the number specified by the user, and using the word with the highest tonal conversion cost in the cost calculation unit Word selecting means for selecting the number of divisions designated by the user, and determining means for determining the position immediately before the word selected by the word selecting means as a point at which the melody is to be changed.

According to the present invention (claim 7), the cost calculating means performs a morphological analysis of the input lyric text to extract lyric words and lyric positions, and a lyric word extracted by the morphological analyzing means. Based on words,
By referring to a topic conversion word dictionary in which weights as topic conversion words are stored for each word, word cost calculation means for calculating the weight of the word, and the lyrics position extracted by the morphological analysis means are given in advance. Equalized cost calculating means for obtaining a normalized lyric position divided by the lyric length, and calculating a position cost from a predetermined number of divisions, wherein the determining means determines the weight of the word calculated by the word cost calculating means. , The position costs calculated by the equal cost calculation means are summed, and words having the largest total value and the number obtained by subtracting 1 from the number of divisions are selected. Including means to do.

[0012] The present invention (claim 8) is a storage medium storing a tune change point determination program for a song that determines a point at which the tune of the song should change, and detects the presence or absence of a topic change word in the lyrics words. And a determination process for determining, when a topic conversion word is detected in the conversion word detection process, that the position immediately before the topic conversion word is a point at which the melody is to be changed.

[0013] The present invention (claim 9) includes a morphological analysis process for extracting a lyrics word and a lyrics position by morphologically analyzing the input lyrics text. The present invention (claim 10) includes a process of detecting a topic conversion word in a lyrics word by referring to a topic conversion word dictionary in which the topic conversion word is stored in the conversion word detection process.

[0014] The present invention (claim 11) is a storage medium storing a tune change point determination program for a song that determines a point at which the tune of the song is to be changed, and is used to change the topic of each word of the lyric words. A cost calculation process for calculating the melody conversion cost of each word from the relationship between the boundary and the position of the word when the degree and the entire lyrics are equally divided into the number specified by the user, and the melody conversion cost most in the cost calculation process A word selection process for selecting words having a high word length by the number of divisions specified by the user, and a determination process for determining the position immediately before the word selected in the word selection process as a point at which the melody is to be changed. .

According to the present invention (claim 12), in the cost calculation process, a morphological analysis is performed to extract lyrics words and lyrics positions by morphologically analyzing the input lyrics text, and the lyrics extracted in the morphological analysis process. A word cost calculation process for calculating the weight of a word by referring to a topic conversion word dictionary in which a weight as a topic conversion word is stored for each word based on the word; and the lyrics position extracted in a morphological analysis process. A normalized lyric position obtained by dividing a lyric length by a given lyric length, and an equal cost calculation process of calculating a position cost from a given number of divisions.The determination process is calculated by a word cost calculation process. The weights of the words and the location costs calculated by the equal cost calculation process. 1 Select number of words obtained by subtracting includes a process to tune converted position the position immediately before the said word.

As described above, according to the present invention, the lyrics are divided into words, the presence / absence of a topic conversion word in the lyrics word is detected, and when the topic conversion word is detected, the tune is changed at a position immediately before the word. It is possible to determine the transition position of the tune of the music by the words included in the lyrics. As a result, it is possible to automatically determine the tune change position of the music from the lyrics.

Further, the present invention divides lyrics into words, and determines the degree of use of each word for topic conversion and the relationship between the boundary and the position of the word when the entire lyrics are equally divided into a number determined by the user. The melody conversion cost of each word is calculated, the word having the highest melody conversion cost is selected by the number of divisions determined by the user, and the melody is changed at the position immediately before the selected word. According to this method, the tune change position of the music is determined based on the number of divisions given by the user and the words included in the lyrics, so that the tune change position of the music can be automatically determined from the lyrics and the number of divisions. It becomes possible.

[0018]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 3 shows the configuration of a first music piece turning point determining apparatus according to the present invention. The apparatus shown in FIG. 1 includes a morphological analysis unit 101, a search unit 102, a topic conversion word dictionary 103, and a conversion position output unit 104. The morphological analysis unit 101 performs a morphological analysis of the lyrics text 111 and extracts a lyrics word 112 divided into words and a lyrics position 114 indicating from which character the lyrics word 112 starts in the lyrics. To the search unit 102. The lyrics position 114 is transferred to the conversion position output unit 104.

The retrieval unit 102 extracts a topic conversion word list 113 from a topic conversion word dictionary 103 prepared in advance,
A search is performed to determine whether the lyrics words 112 are included in the topic conversion word list 113. Lyric word 1 in topic conversion word list 113
When 12 is included, the tune change signal 115 is output to the change position output unit 104. Upon receiving the music change signal 115, the change position output unit 104 outputs the lyrics position 114 at that time as the music change position 116.

In the present invention, another configuration is possible. FIG. 4 shows the configuration of the second music piece turning point determining apparatus of the present invention. The configuration shown in the figure has a dictionary (database) in which weights (costs) for music tone conversion are assigned to words, vocabulary costs for each of the divided lyrics words, lyrics positions, lyrics lengths, and lyrics division. The position cost is obtained by using the numbers, and the musical tone change position is determined based on both costs.

The melody turning point determining apparatus shown in FIG. 1 includes a morphological analysis section 401, a word cost calculation section 402, a topic conversion word dictionary 403, an equal cost calculation section 404, and a conversion cost calculation section 405. The morphological analysis unit 401 performs a morphological analysis on the lyrics text 411 and divides it into word units to extract a lyrics word 412 and a lyrics position 413. The lyrics words 412 are transferred to the word cost calculation unit 402, and the lyrics positions 413 are transferred to the equal cost calculation unit 404. The lyrics position 413 is a numerical value indicating the number of the character from the head of the lyrics words 412. At this time, the length of the kanji is counted by the number of characters written in kana.

Whether or not the lyrics word 412 is located at a turning point of the musical tone depends on the weight of the word as a topic switching word,
The decision is made in consideration of both the position of the word in the lyrics. This process is realized by performing the following processing for each word. First, the word cost calculation unit 002 obtains a numerical value corresponding to the word from the topic conversion dictionary 403 in an expanded form (with word cost description) prepared in advance, and sets it as the meaning cost 417. If the word is not in the dictionary 403, the meaning cost 417 is
It is set to “0”.

At the same time, the equal cost calculation unit 404 obtains a normalized lyric position from the lyric position 413 and the lyric length 414, and calculates the position cost 418 from the predetermined division number 415.
Is calculated. Here, the normalized lyrics position is a floating point with the beginning of the lyrics being "0" and the end of the lyrics being "1", and is obtained by (lyric position / lyric length). For example, the normalized lyrics position of the word located at the center of the lyrics is “0.5”
It is.

The number of divisions 415 is a numerical value indicating how many parts of the lyrics are desirably divided by changing the tune, and is given by the user. For example, if you want the song to have the structure ABA ',
The number of divisions 415 is “3”. The location cost 418 is
It is obtained as a function of the normalized lyrics position P and the number of divisions D.
This function is expressed as P = n / D (where n = 1 ... (D-1)
Is a function with the maximum value when (integer).

The conversion cost calculation unit 405 obtains a value obtained by adding the meaning cost 417 and the position cost 418 for each word, selects (the number of divisions-1) words having the largest value, and selects the word of the word. The previous position is the tune change position 4
Output as 19.

[0026]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 5 shows an example of a topic conversion word dictionary according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 shows an example of an extended topic conversion word dictionary according to an embodiment of the present invention. The topic conversion word dictionary 103 shown in FIG.
The format is a list of words that suggest scene or scene changes in the lyrics. The topic conversion word dictionary 103 shown in FIG. 6 is an extension of the dictionary in the format of FIG. 5. For each word, a numerical value (cost) representing the relative strength of the possibility that the word represents a scene change is given. Have been. Here, it is assumed that the greater the numerical value, the stronger the ability to change the scene. For example, "and" indicates that it is more likely to be used for scene change than "from".

Also, in the topic conversion word dictionary 103, words that are not desired to be converted can be registered. For example, it is considered undesirable to change the melody immediately before the particles "ga", "ha", "wo", etc., so if these negative words are given a large cost and registered in the topic conversion word dictionary 103, The likelihood that the melody switches immediately before these words is reduced.

In this example, the part of speech (verb, noun, particle, etc.) of the word is not included in the topic conversion word dictionary 103, but by including such information, a more precise dictionary can be created. It is. A series of operations will be described below as an embodiment of the present invention based on the configuration shown in FIG.

FIG. 7 shows the configuration of a music turning point determining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. The configuration shown in FIG.
1, a memory 602, a display 603 for displaying results, a keyboard 604 for inputting lyrics and the like,
And a hard disk 605 as a storage device. The hard disk 605 includes a morphological analysis program 606 corresponding to the morphological analysis unit 401 shown in FIG. 4, a topic conversion word dictionary 607, and the word cost calculation unit 402, the equal cost calculation unit 404, and the conversion cost calculation unit 405 in FIG.
Is stored. The morphological analysis program 606 includes a dictionary necessary for morphological analysis and a dictionary for converting kanji into kana.

The operation of the preferred embodiment will be described below based on the configuration shown in FIG. FIG. 8 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of one embodiment of the present invention. First,
The morphological analysis unit 401 divides the text of the lyrics into words by morphological analysis (step 701). Next, the number of syllables of each word (how many characters are written when writing in Hiragana) is checked using a Kanji Kana dictionary (not shown) (step 702). The kanji kana dictionary used for the operation is a dictionary for reading kanji, such as “kanji → kanji”.
This processing can be performed simultaneously with the morphological analysis.

Next, the position in the lyrics of each word is given by the total number of syllables of the word preceding the word (step 70).
3). Next, 0 is given to each word as an initial value of the cost (step 704). The word cost calculation unit 402 searches each word from the topic conversion word dictionary 403 in the format of FIG. 6, and adds a corresponding numerical value to the cost of the word registered in the dictionary 403 (step 705).

Next, the equal cost calculation unit 404 sets the number of divisions given by the user to D (step 706), and determines the division point Sn when the lyrics are divided into D (the number of syllables of the entire lyrics). / D) × n (steps 707 and 70)
8). FIG. 9 is a graph showing an example of the function when D = 4. In the graph shown in the figure, the horizontal axis represents the normalized lyrics position, and the vertical axis represents the position cost. As shown in this graph, the position cost has the highest cost at the position where the lyrics are equally divided by the given number of divisions, and gradually changes to a lower value before and after that. Note that n is an integer from 1 to D-1.

Next, assuming that the position of the m-th word is P (m), the conversion cost calculator 405 finds m that satisfies P (m) ≦ Sn ≦ P (m + 1) for each division point Sn. ,
The cost of the m-th word is “+1.0”, the cost of the preceding and following words is “+0.5”, and the cost of the two preceding and succeeding words is “+0.2” (step 709). . Lastly, the highest cost (D-1) (the number of divisions is 415)
Is selected from the entire lyrics, and the position of the word is output as the musical tone change position 419 (step 710).

FIG. 10 shows an example of obtaining a music change position according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the example shown in the figure, the lyrics are divided into two (divided into two) by the configuration shown in FIG. 4 and the program shown in FIG. By performing a morphological analysis on the lyrics shown in FIG. 10, the leftmost word in the Shiga table shown in FIG. 10 can be obtained. The conversion of these words into readings is an example on the right. The number on the right represents the number of syllables of each word, and the number on the right is the cumulative number of voices.

For example, the last word "chase" starts from the 66th verse when counted by the number of syllables. The entire lyrics are 70 syllables. The item pos in FIG. 10 is obtained by dividing the word start position by 70 and normalizing it. C
Reference numeral 1 denotes a semantic cost obtained by using the topic conversion word dictionary 403 in FIG. On the other hand, C2 is a location cost. In this example, since the number of divisions is “2”, the position cost is maximized at the normalized lyrics position = 0.5. According to the flowchart of FIG. 8, here, "visible" is given a cost "1.0", "far" and "but" is given "0.5", and "ga" and "you" are given "0.2".

As a result of summing C1 and C2, the highest cost is "but". Since the number of divisions is "2",
The division position is one place immediately before “Keed”. Further, in the above embodiment, description has been made based on the configuration of FIG.
Of course, processing based on the configuration shown in FIG. Also, the morphological analysis unit 101, search unit 102, conversion position output unit 104 and morphological analysis unit 401, word cost calculation unit 402, equal cost calculation unit 404, and conversion cost calculation unit 405 illustrated in FIG. A storage device (a memory 602 connected to the CPU 601 shown in FIG. 7) constructed as a program and used as the musical composition change determination device, a portable storage medium such as a floppy disk, a CD-ROM, or the like. When storing the present invention,
The present invention can be easily realized by installing.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, but can be variously modified and applied within the scope of the claims.

[0038]

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to automatically determine a tune change position of a musical piece from lyrics. In addition, it is possible to automatically determine the music conversion position from the lyrics and the number of divisions.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining the principle of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a principle configuration diagram of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a first music piece turning point determining apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a second music piece turning point determining apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an example of a topic conversion word dictionary according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an example of an extended topic conversion word dictionary according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of a music piece turning point determining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a graph showing the correspondence between the lyrics position and the position cost in one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is an example of calculating a music change position according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Conversion word detection means 20 Decision means 101 Morphological analysis part 102 Search part 103 Topic conversion word dictionary 104 Conversion position output part 111 Lyric text 112 Lyric word 113 Topic conversion word list 114 Lyric position 115 Music conversion signal 116 Music conversion position 401 Morphological analysis Part 402 Word cost calculation part 403 Topic conversion word dictionary 404 Equal cost calculation part 405 Conversion cost calculation part 411 Lyric text 412 Lyric word 413 Lyric position 414 Lyric length 415 Division number 416 Topic conversion word list 417 Word meaning cost 418 Position cost 419 Musical tone Conversion position 601 CPU 602 Memory 603 Display 604 Keyboard 605 Hard disk 606 Morphological analysis program 607 Topic conversion word dictionary 608 Music conversion program

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. A method for determining a turning point of a song, which determines a point at which the turning point of the song is to be changed, comprising the steps of: detecting presence / absence of a topic conversion word in a lyrics word; A method for determining a tune change point of a song, wherein a position immediately before the topic change word is determined to be a tune change point. 2. A method for determining a tune change point of a song, which determines a point at which the tune of the song is to be changed, wherein the degree of use of each word of the lyric words in topic conversion and the total number of lyrics are equal to the number specified by the user. When splitting,
From the relationship between the boundary and the position of the word, the tune conversion cost of each word is calculated, the word having the highest tune conversion cost is selected by the number of divisions specified by the user, and the position immediately before the selected word is determined. And determining a tune change point of the song. 3. A song turning point determining apparatus for determining a point at which the song turning point is to be changed, wherein a turning point detecting means for detecting the presence or absence of a topic turning point in a lyric word, and said turning point detecting means. And a deciding means for deciding that the position immediately before the topic conversion word is a point at which the melody is changed when the topic conversion word is detected. 4. The song turning point determination apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising morphological analysis means for extracting the lyrics words and lyrics positions by morphologically analyzing the input lyrics text. 5. The topic conversion word detecting means includes a topic conversion word dictionary in which topic conversion words are stored, and a means for referring to the topic conversion word dictionary and detecting topic conversion words in the lyrics words. 4. A device for determining the turning point of a song according to claim 3. 6. A song tune change point determining device for determining a point at which the tune of a song is to be changed, wherein a degree used for topic conversion of each word of the lyrics words and a total number of lyrics specified by a user. When equally divided into
Cost calculating means for calculating the melody conversion cost of each word from the relationship between the boundary and the position of the word; and a word for selecting the word having the highest melody conversion cost by the number of divisions specified by the user by the cost calculating means. A tune change point determination device for a song, comprising: a selection unit; and a determination unit that determines a position immediately before a word selected by the word selection unit as a tune change point. 7. The cost calculation means performs a morphological analysis on the input lyrics text,
A morphological analysis unit that extracts the lyrics words and lyrics positions; and a topic conversion word dictionary in which weights as topic conversion words are stored for each word based on the lyrics words extracted by the morphological analysis unit. A word cost calculation unit for calculating a word weight; and a normalized lyrics position obtained by dividing the lyrics position extracted by the morphological analysis unit by a given lyrics length, from a given division number. An equal cost calculating means for calculating a position cost, wherein the determining means sums the weight of the word calculated by the word cost calculating means and the position cost calculated by the equal cost calculating means, 7. The song turning point of a song according to claim 6, further comprising means for selecting words whose number is obtained by subtracting 1 from the number of divisions from the largest total value, and setting a position immediately before the word as a turning point. Decision device. 8. A storage medium storing a tune change point determination program for a song for determining a point at which the tune of the song should change, comprising a conversion word detection process for detecting the presence or absence of a topic change word in the lyrics words. And determining a position immediately before the topic conversion word as a point at which the music conversion is performed when a topic conversion word is detected in the conversion word detection process. A storage medium storing a decision program. 9. A storage medium storing a song turning point determination program for a song according to claim 8, further comprising a morphological analysis process for extracting the lyrics words and lyrics positions by morphologically analyzing the input lyrics text. 10. The song conversion process according to claim 8, wherein the conversion word detecting process includes a process of detecting a topic conversion word in the lyrics words by referring to a topic conversion word dictionary in which topic conversion words are stored. A storage medium that stores a music transition point determination program. 11. A storage medium for storing a song tone change point determining program for determining a point at which the song tone should be shifted, wherein the user uses the degree used for topic conversion of each word of the lyrics words and the entire lyrics. When dividing equally into the number specified by
A cost calculation process for calculating the melody conversion cost of each word from the relationship between the boundary and the position of the word; and a word for selecting the word having the highest melody conversion cost by the number of divisions specified by the user in the cost calculation process. A storage process for storing a song turning point determining program for a song, comprising: a selecting process; and a determining process of determining a position immediately before the word selected in the word selecting process as a turning point of the musical tone. Medium. 12. The cost calculation process includes: performing morphological analysis on the input lyrics text;
A morphological analysis process for extracting the lyrics words and lyrics positions; and a topic conversion word dictionary in which weights as topic conversion words are stored for each word based on the lyrics words extracted in the morphological analysis process. A word cost calculation process of calculating a word weight; and the lyrics position extracted in the morphological analysis process,
Find the normalized lyrics position divided by the given lyrics length,
An equal cost calculation process of calculating a position cost from a given division number, wherein the determination process is performed by the word weight calculated by the word cost calculation process and calculated by the equal cost calculation process. The total cost of the location
12. The storage medium storing the song turning point determination program according to claim 11, including a process of selecting words whose number is equal to the number of divisions minus 1, and setting a position immediately before the word as a turning point.