JPH11325896A - Wave measuring apparatus and method, water flow measuring apparatus and method, and water depth measuring apparatus and method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a wave measuring apparatus capable of quantitatively, cheaply and easily measuring the period and height of waves in an arbitrary water area. SOLUTION: A float 1 floating with an attitude always parallel to the waved water surface, motion measuring means 3 which radiates a light or ultrasonic wave at a single wavelength in water perpendicularly to the water surface and samples the return times of echo signals reflected from the sea bed, signal processing means 4 for obtaining the period and height of the wave from the period and amplitude of the time-varying return times of the echo signals obtd. from the sampling, based on previously obtd. relations of the period of the time-varying return times of the echo signals to the period of the waves and relations of the amplitude of the time-varying return times of the echo signals to the height of the waves, and antenna 5 for radiating the obtd. period and height of the waves as a radio wave, are provided.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wave measuring device, a water flow measuring device, a water depth measuring device for estimating a wave placed on the surface of a floating object from the movement of the object on the surface of the water, or the state of the ocean current and the depth of the water area. The present invention relates to a measuring device, a wave measuring method, a water flow measuring method, and a water depth measuring method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, in order to measure the state of waves in the ocean or the like, a peak value measuring device using a radar has been used in addition to a visual method.

[0003] The visual method is to visually observe the state of waves in a specific area from a ship on the sea or from the land, but cannot be measured at night, and it is difficult to quantitatively evaluate the state of waves. Was.

On the other hand, in radar measurement, for example, the wave state can be measured quantitatively and accurately as disclosed in JP-A-59-48666, but 1) the observation area is limited to the radar coverage area, 2) It is difficult to observe the sea surface waves. 2) There is a problem that an expensive radar device needs to be installed.

[0005]

As described above, this type of conventional apparatus can quantitatively and inexpensively reduce waves in any water area as described above.
There was a problem that measurement was not easy.

The present invention has been made in order to solve such a problem, and a wave measuring device, a water flow measuring device, and a wave measuring device capable of easily estimating a wave state or the like from the motion of a device floating on the water surface. It is an object to obtain a water depth measuring device, a wave measuring method, a water flow measuring method, and a water depth measuring method.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above-mentioned object, the present invention relates to a wave measuring device for measuring a wave on a water surface,
Float means for floating while taking a posture that is always parallel to the wavy surface of waves, and echoes that emit single-wavelength light or ultrasonic waves in a direction perpendicular to the underwater surface and reflect off the sea floor Motion measuring means for sampling the arrival time of the signal, the relationship between the cycle of the time change of the arrival time of the echo signal and the cycle of the waves in the device obtained in advance, and the amplitude of the time change of the arrival time of the echo signal. Signal processing means for obtaining the cycle and height of the wave from the cycle and amplitude of the temporal change of the arrival time of the echo signal obtained from the sampling based on the data of the relationship with the wave height of the wave. Wave measuring equipment.

The present invention also relates to a wave measuring apparatus for measuring a wave on a water surface, comprising: float means for floating while taking a posture which is always parallel to the wave surface of the wave.
Motion measuring means for sampling the inclination of the device with respect to the horizontal plane, and the relationship between the cycle of the change with time of the inclination and the cycle of the wave in the device obtained in advance, and the relationship between the amplitude of the change with time of the inclination and the wave height of the wave. And a signal processing means for obtaining a wave period and a wave height from the period and amplitude of the temporal change of the slope obtained from the sampling based on the data.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a wave measuring apparatus for measuring a predetermined parameter by floating on a wave surface of a wave in order to obtain a period and a wave height of the wave on the surface of the water, wherein the device is always parallel to the wave surface of the wave. Float means for floating while taking such a posture, and motion measurement that emits light or ultrasonic waves of a single wavelength in a direction perpendicular to the underwater surface and samples the arrival time of echo signals reflected from the sea floor And a means for measuring waves.

The present invention is also a wave measuring apparatus for measuring a predetermined parameter by floating on a wave surface of a wave in order to obtain a period and a wave height of the wave on the surface of the water, and is always parallel to the wave surface of the wave. A wave measuring device comprising: a float means for floating while taking such a posture; and a motion measuring means for sampling an inclination of the apparatus with respect to a horizontal plane.

Further, the present invention resides in a wave measuring apparatus further comprising self-position measuring means for measuring a measuring position.

Further, the present invention resides in a wave measuring apparatus further comprising transmitting means for transmitting the obtained data or the measurement position together with the obtained data by radio waves.

Further, the present invention further comprises a large-capacity storage means for storing the obtained data or the measurement position together with the obtained data, wherein the transmission means stores the data in the storage means in response to a predetermined signal from the outside. The wave measurement device transmits the measured data and the measurement position.

According to the present invention, there is provided a method in which first joints are separated from each other at a certain distance by a joint and float on the wavy surface of waves.
And a second wave measuring unit for measuring a wave on the water surface, wherein the first and second wave measuring units each take a posture such that they are always parallel to the wavy surface of the wave. Floating means for floating while, motion measuring means for emitting light or ultrasonic waves of a single wavelength in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the water in the water, and sampling the arrival time of the echo signal reflected on the sea floor, measurement position And a self-position measuring means for measuring the position of the first and second wave measuring units, wherein at least one of the first and second wave measuring units is a measuring position and a reference position of the first and second wave measuring units and the first and second wave measuring units. A signal processing means for obtaining the wave direction of the wave from the phase lag of the change over time of the arrival time of the echo signal of the wave measuring unit, and the obtained data or the measurement position together with the obtained data are transmitted by radio waves In wave measuring apparatus is characterized in that a signal means.

[0015] Further, the present invention is characterized in that at least one of the first and second wave measuring units is configured to obtain a relation between a period of time-dependent change of the arrival time of an echo signal in the device and a period of the wave, which is obtained in advance. Based on data on the relationship between the amplitude of the change over time of the arrival time of the echo signal and the wave height of the wave, the cycle and the height of the wave are determined from the cycle and the amplitude of the change over time of the arrival time of the echo signal obtained from the sampling. The wave measuring apparatus further comprises two signal processing means, wherein the transmitting means also transmits the wave period and wave height.

According to the present invention, there is provided a method in which first joints are separated from each other by a fixed distance and float on the wavy surface of waves.
And a second wave measuring unit for measuring a wave on the water surface, wherein the first and second wave measuring units each take a posture such that they are always parallel to the wavy surface of the wave. Floating means for floating while, movement measuring means for sampling the inclination of the device with respect to the horizontal plane, and self-position measuring means for measuring the measurement position,
At least one of the first and second wave measurement units is
Signal processing means for obtaining the wave direction of the wave from the measurement position and the reference position of the first and second wave measurement units and the lead / lag of the phase of the change over time in the inclination of the first and second wave measurement units; Transmission means for transmitting the measured data or the measurement position together with the data by radio waves.

Also, the present invention is characterized in that at least one of the first and second wave measuring units has a relation between a previously obtained cycle of a time-dependent change in inclination of the apparatus and a cycle of a wave,
And a second signal processing means for obtaining a period and a wave height of the wave from the period and the amplitude of the time change of the slope obtained from the sampling based on data on the relationship between the amplitude of the time change of the slope and the wave height of the wave. The wave transmitting device also transmits the wave period and wave height of the wave.

The present invention also provides a plurality of the wave measuring devices, and a measurement value collecting device for collecting measurement results transmitted from the transmitting means of each of the wave measuring devices to obtain water flow information of the water area. And a display device for displaying them.

The present invention also relates to a water depth measuring device for measuring water depth, comprising: a float means for floating while taking a posture which is always parallel to a wavy water surface of waves; A motion measuring unit that emits a single wavelength light or ultrasonic wave in the direction and samples the arrival time of the echo signal reflected from the sea floor, and a signal processing unit that obtains the water depth from the minimum value of the measured arrival time of the echo signal. ,
A water depth measuring device comprising:

The present invention also relates to a wave measuring method for measuring a wave on a water surface, wherein the wave measuring device is floated while the posture is always parallel to the wave surface of the wave, and the wave measuring device is floated on the water surface. A motion measurement step of emitting light or ultrasonic waves of a single wavelength in a direction perpendicular to the sea, and determining a time-dependent change in the arrival time of an echo signal reflected from the sea floor, and a previously obtained arrival time of the echo signal in the device. The relationship between the period of the time-dependent change of the wave and the period of the wave, and the data of the relationship between the amplitude of the time-dependent change of the arrival time of the echo signal and the wave height of the wave, the time-dependent change of the arrival time of the echo signal determined above. A processing step of obtaining a period and a wave height of the wave from the period and the amplitude.

The present invention also relates to a wave measuring method for measuring a wave on a water surface, wherein the inclination of the device with respect to a horizontal plane is set in a state where the wave measuring device is floated while the posture is always parallel to the wave surface of the wave. Motion measurement step for determining the change with time, and the relationship between the cycle of the change with time of the slope and the cycle of the wave in the apparatus, and the data of the relationship between the amplitude of the change with time of the slope and the wave height of the wave obtained in advance. hand,
And a processing step of obtaining a period and a wave height of the wave from the period and the amplitude of the time-dependent change of the slope obtained above.

The present invention also relates to a water flow measuring method for measuring a water flow in a wide area of water, comprising the steps of measuring the phase lead / lag of a wave at two points on a water surface; A step of obtaining the wave direction of the wave from the phase advance / delay, and a step of simultaneously performing the above steps in a plurality of different basins to obtain a water flow from the obtained position and the wave direction of the wave. Water flow measurement method.

The present invention also relates to a water depth measuring method for measuring the water depth, wherein the wave measuring device is floated while the posture of the wave measuring device is floated while always taking a posture parallel to the wavy surface of the wave. A motion measurement step that emits light or ultrasonic waves of a single wavelength in the vertical direction and samples the arrival time of the echo signal reflected from the sea floor, and a processing step that determines the water depth from the minimum value of the arrival time of the sampled echo signal. And a method for measuring water depth.

[0024]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiment 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a wave measuring device according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a float for floating the wave measuring device according to the present invention on the sea surface (water surface in the case of a lake or the like), 2 denotes a body of a drip-proof structure for fixing the float 1 and floating on the sea surface, 3
Is a motion measuring means for measuring the motion of the main body 2, 4 is a signal processing unit for converting the measured motion into a wave state, 5 is an antenna for radiating the wave state and the like to the outside, and 11 is a self-position measuring means. is there.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a signal system of the wave measuring apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 6
Is an ultrasonic transmitter for transmitting ultrasonic waves into water. Reference numeral 7 denotes an ultrasonic receiver, which inputs an ultrasonic echo transmitted by the ultrasonic transmitter 6. Reference numeral 8 denotes an A / D converter, which gives an echo arrival time τ to the signal processing means 4. Reference numeral 9 denotes a measurement data memory for storing the echo arrival time after the A / D conversion. Reference numeral 10 denotes a signal processor which finally obtains the wave period Tw and the wave height Tw from the echo arrival time period Tτ and the amplitude Aτ. 40 is a correlation between the cycle Tτ of the echo arrival time inherent to the apparatus and the cycle Tw of the waves obtained in advance,
And a correlation data memory storing a correlation between an amplitude Aτ of an echo arrival time, a wave period Tw and a wave height Hw. Reference numeral 11 denotes a self-position measuring unit such as a GPS.

Next, the operation of the wave measuring apparatus according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram of the operation of this device, where S indicates the water surface, and B indicates the sea floor or the lake bottom. 4A and 4B are time charts for explaining a time change of an example of a wave, wherein FIG. 4A shows a time change of the wave, FIG. 4B shows a time change of an inclination θ (see FIG. 3) of the device due to the wave described later, and FIG. )
Represents the time change of the echo arrival time τ of the ultrasonic wave transmitted from the apparatus at this time. FIG. 5 shows a measurement example of the relationship between the period Tτ of the echo arrival time τ and the wave period Tw. FIG. 6 shows the amplitude Aτ of the echo arrival time τ, the wave period Tw and the wave height Hw.
An example of measurement of the relationship is shown. Such a correlation is measured in advance for each device and stored in the correlation data memory 40.

As a parameter representing the motion of this apparatus, θ shown in FIG. 3 is taken. FIG. 3 is viewed from the direction in which θ becomes largest.

First, the principle of operation of this device will be described below.
First, it is assumed that the wave state on the water surface is as shown in FIG. In this case, since the apparatus is kept parallel to the water surface by the float 1, the apparatus swings in conjunction with FIG.
(B), the time change of the inclination θ of the device is obtained. On the other hand, from FIG. 3, the arrival time τ of the echo pulse based on the ultrasonic transmission time is calculated using the water depth d and the propagation velocity vt, θ of the ultrasonic wave in water.

Τ = d / (2 · vt · cos θ) (1)

The following relationship is satisfied. From this relational expression, the time change of τ is as shown in FIG. That is, by knowing the time change of the arrival time τ of the echo pulse, the inclination θ of the device can be obtained indirectly. If the relationship between θ and the wave state is known in advance, the wave state can be finally obtained.

The actual operation is as follows. An ultrasonic wave is transmitted by the ultrasonic transmitter 6, an echo is observed by the ultrasonic receiver 7, and the arrival time τ of the echo pulse is obtained.
The arrival time τ of the echo pulse is sampled at regular intervals by the A / D converter 8 and input to the measurement data memory 9. The processing signal device 10 obtains the change period Tτ of the arrival time τ from the data in the measurement data memory 9. The cycle Tτ of the change of the arrival time τ and the cycle Tw of the waves depend on the shape of the apparatus and the like, but generally, when the cycle Tτ is large, Tτ = Tw, and as the Tτ becomes smaller, Tτ> Tw. FIG. 5 shows an example of this relationship. The characteristics shown in FIG. 5 are measured experimentally in advance and stored in the correlation data memory 40 to make appropriate corrections. The period Tw can be obtained.

Further, the amplitude Aτ of τ during the period Tτ = maximum value−minimum value is obtained from the measurement data memory 9. In general, the amplitude Aτ of the change in the arrival time τ is determined by the wave period Tw and the shape, size and wave height Hw of the device. FIG. 6 shows an example of the relationship between the amplitude Aτ of the change of the arrival time τ, the wave period Tw, and the wave height Hw. The characteristics shown in FIG. 6 are measured in advance and stored in the correlation data memory 40. , And the wave height Hw can be obtained.

The obtained wave period Tw and wave height Hw are transmitted from the antenna 5 as radio waves in the VHF or UHF band after being subjected to appropriate modulation together with the self-position information (X, Y) obtained from the self-position measuring means 11. You.

Embodiment 2 The second embodiment is a wave measuring apparatus having the same overall configuration as the first embodiment and having a light emitter and a light receiver instead of the ultrasonic transceiver.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a signal system of a wave measuring apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. In the figure, 1
Reference numeral 2 denotes a light emitter which emits light of a single wavelength into water. 13
Denotes a light receiver, to which an echo of the light transmitted by the light emitter 12 is input. Other configurations and signal processing methods are the same as those in the first embodiment, and similar results are obtained.

Embodiment 3 The third embodiment is a wave measuring apparatus having the same overall configuration as the first embodiment and having means for directly measuring its own inclination from the horizontal plane.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a signal system of a wave measuring apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. In the figure, 1
Reference numeral 4 denotes a synchro transmitter, which converts an angle between the weight of the apparatus, for example, a vertically suspended weight and the float 1, that is, an inclination θ of the apparatus into an electric signal. Reference numeral 15 denotes an S / D converter, which converts a sync signal into a digital signal. Reference numeral 16 denotes a signal processor which calculates a wave height Hw and a cycle Tw of the wave based on the digitally converted inclination θ of the apparatus.

In the correlation data memory 40, the correlation between the period Tθ of the change of the inclination θ and the period Tw of the wave, the amplitude Aθ and the period of the wave in the period Tθ of the inclination θ of the device are stored in the correlation data memory 40. The correlation between Tw and the wave height Hw (both not shown but equivalent to FIGS. 5 and 6) is measured and stored in advance. Other parts are basically the same as those in the above-described embodiment.

In operation, the inclination θ of the device measured by the synchro transmitter 14 is sampled by the S / D converter 15 at regular intervals, and is input to the measurement data memory 9. The processing signal device 16 determines the period Tθ of the change in the inclination θ from the data in the measurement data memory 9, further performs appropriate correction based on the correlation stored in the correlation data memory 40, and changes the period Tθ of the change in the inclination θ of the device. From the wave cycle Tw.

Further, the amplitude Aθ of the gradient θ during the period Tθ
= Maximum value−minimum value is obtained from the measurement data memory 9, and similarly, an appropriate correction is performed based on the correlation stored in the correlation data memory 40, and the amplitude A of the change in the inclination θ of the device
The wave height Hw of the wave is obtained from θ.

Embodiment 4 FIG. The fourth embodiment is a wave measuring apparatus having the same overall configuration as the third embodiment and outputting the inclination θ of the apparatus as it is as a measurement result.

FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing a signal system of a wave measuring apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

According to the fourth embodiment, the measurement data memory 9, the correlation data memory 40, and the signal processor 16 are omitted, and the wave measuring device can be simplified. Further, by providing these omitted devices outside the land, the aircraft, the ship, or the like, the wave parameters can be analyzed in detail.

In the first and second embodiments shown in FIGS. 2 and 7, the measurement data memory 9, the correlation data memory 40 and the signal processor 10 are omitted, and the arrival time τ of the echo pulse is output as it is. And a simplified wave measuring device.

Embodiment 5 FIG. The fifth embodiment is a wave measuring apparatus having the same overall configuration as that of the third embodiment, and having a large-capacity data memory for taking out measurement results as needed.

FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing a signal system of a wave measuring apparatus according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention. FIG.
In the figure, 17 is a large-capacity data memory for storing wave parameters such as wave period Tw and wave height Hw and a measurement position, and 18 is a transmission / reception antenna, which is stored in the data memory 17 in response to a data transmission request from the outside. It is configured to output wave parameters and measurement positions.

According to the fifth embodiment, this device can be installed on the sea surface, and data can be collected by aircraft or ship as needed.

In the other embodiments, a similar device can be obtained by providing the large-capacity data memory 17 and the transmitting / receiving antenna 18.

Embodiment 6 FIG. In the above embodiments, the wave period Tw and the wave height Hw can be obtained, but the wave direction cannot be obtained. Embodiment 6 is for simultaneously obtaining the wave direction.

FIG. 11 is an overall configuration diagram of a wave measuring apparatus according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention. In FIG.
Is a wave measuring unit having the function of the device according to the third embodiment, for example.
For example, the wave measurement unit has the same function as that of the apparatus according to the third embodiment except that the signal processor has no means for phase detection. Reference numeral 21 denotes a joint for floating the wave measuring units 19 and 20 at a predetermined interval, whereby the wave measuring units 19 and 20 are mechanically connected to each other.

FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing a signal system of a wave measuring apparatus according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention. In the figure,
The signal processor 23 of the wave measuring section 19 detects the phase of the measured value of the inclination θ ₁ by the wave measuring section 19 and the measured value of the inclination θ ₂ by the wave measuring section 20, that is, detects the phase lead / lag. As a result, if the value measured by the wave measuring unit 19 is advanced in phase by δ compared to the value measured by the wave measuring unit 20, it can be understood that the wave direction Dw is the direction from the wave measuring units 19 to 20.

Further, the positions (X ₁ , X ₁₎ measured by the self-position measuring means 11 of each of the wave measuring units 19 and 20.
The angle α from the reference direction in FIG. 11 is calculated from Y ₁ ) (X ₂ , Y ₂ ). At this time, the wave direction Dw is Dw = α−β
(β: azimuth correction value in the measurement area (sea area)).

The wave direction Dw of the wave thus obtained is output via the antenna 5 together with the wave height Hw and the period Tw.
The other operations including the method of obtaining the wave height Hw and the period Tw are basically the same as those of the third embodiment.

In the first and second embodiments for obtaining the wave height Hw and the period Tw from the echo arrival time τ, the wave direction D of the wave is obtained by adopting the same configuration as described above.
w can be obtained together with the wave height Hw and the period Tw. Furthermore, the function of obtaining the wave height Hw and the cycle Tw of the waves is omitted,
Only the wave direction Dw of the wave may be obtained.

Embodiment 7 FIG. In the seventh embodiment, a plurality of devices shown in the sixth embodiment are installed, and the measurement results from each device are collected at the same time, so that the water flow in a specific water area (sea area) is obtained.
This is a water flow measurement device that measures (ocean current).

FIG. 13 is an overall configuration diagram of a water flow measuring device according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention. In FIG. 13, 24
Is a wave measuring device composed of wave measuring units 19 and 20 connected by a joint 21 according to the sixth embodiment, 25 is a measurement value collecting device of measurement results of each wave measuring device 24, and 26 is a water flow (ocean current). A display device. The measurement value collection device 25 and the water flow display device 26 are provided on land separately from the wave measurement device 24, or are mounted on an aircraft or a ship.

According to this configuration, for example, as shown in FIG.
Water flow information can be obtained and displayed in consideration of the measurement position. The indication is the wave direction Dw of the wave and the period T
What is necessary is just to display necessary parameters, such as w and wave height Hw.
Further, each wave measuring device 24 may measure only the wave direction Dw, and may display only the wave direction Dw as the water flow information.

Embodiment 8 FIG. The eighth embodiment is a water depth measuring device having the same overall configuration as the first embodiment and the like, and having a signal processor configured to measure the water depth.

FIG. 15 is a block diagram showing a signal system of a water depth measuring apparatus according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention. In the figure,
Reference numeral 27 denotes a signal processor which also detects the minimum value of the measurement data memory 9. The water depth D corresponding to the minimum value of the arrival time τ of the echo pulse in the measurement data memory 9 is

D = 2 · vt / τ (2)

Is uniquely obtained by However, an abnormally short τ due to an underwater obstacle is subjected to an abnormal value process by the signal processor 27. Thereby, the water depth D at the measurement position can also be measured.

The ultrasonic transmitter 6 and the ultrasonic receiver 7 may be replaced with the light emitter 12 and the light receiver 13 of the second embodiment. Further, the water depth measuring device is, for example, a wave cycle Tw.
The function of measuring the wave height Hw may be omitted, and only the water depth D may be measured as the water flow information.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but includes all possible combinations of the above-described embodiments.

[0064]

As described above, according to the present invention, there is provided a wave measuring apparatus for measuring a wave on a water surface, wherein the float means for floating while taking a posture which is always parallel to the wavy surface of the wave; Motion measuring means for emitting light or ultrasonic waves of a single wavelength in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the water and sampling the arrival time of the echo signal reflected from the seabed; Based on the data of the relationship between the period of the temporal change of time and the period of the wave, and the relationship between the amplitude of the temporal change of the arrival time of the echo signal and the wave height of the wave, the arrival time of the echo signal obtained from the above sampling is calculated. The signal processing means for obtaining the wave period and wave height from the period and amplitude of the change over time is a wave measuring device. Quantitative and inexpensive of wave period and height of any water by utilizing the signal arrival times can be measured easily.

According to the present invention, there is provided a wave measuring apparatus for measuring a wave on a water surface, wherein the float means for floating while taking a posture always parallel to the wave surface on which the wave is waving, and the inclination of the device with respect to the horizontal surface is sampled. Based on the data of the relationship between the cycle of the time-dependent change in the slope and the cycle of the wave in the apparatus, and the relationship between the amplitude of the time-dependent change in the slope and the wave height of the wave, obtained in advance,
A signal processing means for obtaining the period and wave height of the wave from the period and amplitude of the change of the slope with time obtained from the sampling, and a wave measuring device provided with the wave measuring device. Can be measured quantitatively, inexpensively, and simply.

According to the present invention, there is provided a wave measuring apparatus for measuring a predetermined parameter floating on a wave surface of a wave in order to obtain a period and a wave height of the wave on the water surface, wherein the device is always parallel to the wave surface of the wave. Float means for floating while taking such a posture, and motion measurement that emits light or ultrasonic waves of a single wavelength in a direction perpendicular to the underwater surface and samples the arrival time of echo signals reflected from the sea floor Means, the apparatus can be simplified by sampling only the arrival time of the echo signal reflected from the sea floor for determining the wave period and wave height.

According to the present invention, there is provided a wave measuring apparatus for measuring a predetermined parameter by floating on a wave surface of a wave in order to obtain a period and a wave height of the wave on the surface of the water, wherein the device is always parallel to the wave surface of the wave. Since the wave measuring apparatus is provided with a float means for floating while taking such a posture and a motion measuring means for sampling the inclination of the apparatus with respect to the horizontal plane, the inclination of the apparatus with respect to the horizontal plane for determining the period and wave height of the waves By sampling only the data, the apparatus can be simplified.

In the present invention, the self-position measuring means for measuring the measuring position is further provided, so that the measuring position can be accurately determined.

Further, according to the present invention, since the transmitting means for transmitting the obtained data or the measurement position along with the obtained data by radio waves is further provided, the measurement result can be transmitted by radio waves, so that the measurement can be performed in a farther and wider water area.

Further, according to the present invention, there is further provided a large-capacity storage means for storing the obtained data or the measurement positions together with the data, wherein the transmission means stores the data in the storage means in response to a predetermined signal from the outside. The measured data and the measurement position are transmitted, so the measurement results are stored,
The measurement results may be collected by an aircraft, a ship, or the like as necessary, and the measurement can be performed in a farther and wider water area where radio waves cannot reach.

According to the present invention, there is provided a wave measuring apparatus for measuring a wave on a water surface, comprising a first and a second wave measuring portion floating on a wave surface of a wave at a fixed distance from each other by a joint, The first and second wave measuring units each have a float means for floating while taking an attitude to be always parallel to the wavy surface of the wave, and a single wavelength in a direction perpendicular to the water surface in water. A motion measuring unit that emits light or an ultrasonic wave and samples arrival time of an echo signal reflected from the sea floor; and a self-position measuring unit that measures a measurement position. At least one of the measurement position and the reference position of the first and second wave measurement units, and the advance and delay of the phase with time of the arrival time of the echo signal of the first and second wave measurement units From a signal processing means for obtaining the wave direction of a wave from the sea, and a transmitting means for transmitting the obtained data or a measurement position along with the obtained data, so that the wave reflected by the sea floor at the device which was shaken by the wave The wave direction of waves in an arbitrary water area can be quantitatively, inexpensively, and simply measured using the arrival time of the echo signal.

Further, in the present invention, at least one of the first and second wave measuring units is configured to determine a relationship between a cycle of a time-dependent change of the arrival time of the echo signal in the apparatus and a cycle of the wave, which is obtained in advance. Based on the data of the relationship between the amplitude of the change over time of the arrival time of the echo signal and the wave height of the waves,
A second signal processing unit that obtains a wave period and a wave height from a period and an amplitude of a change over time of the arrival time of the echo signal obtained from the sampling, wherein the transmitting unit also transmits the wave period and the wave height. Therefore, it is possible to quantitatively, inexpensively, and easily measure the period, wave height, and wave direction of a wave in an arbitrary water area by using the arrival time of an echo signal reflected from the sea floor at a device that shakes due to the wave.

According to the present invention, there is further provided a wave measuring apparatus for measuring a wave on a water surface, comprising a first and a second wave measuring unit floating on a wave surface of a wave at a certain distance from each other by a joint, Floating means for the first and second wave measuring units to float while taking a posture that is always parallel to the wavy surface of the wave, motion measuring means for sampling the inclination of the device with respect to the horizontal plane, and measuring position And a self-position measuring means for measuring the position of the first and second wave measuring units, wherein at least one of the first and second wave measuring units is a measuring position and a reference position of the first and second wave measuring units and the first and second wave measuring units. Signal processing means for obtaining the wave direction of the wave from the phase lead / lag of the phase of the change of the inclination of the wave measurement unit with time, and the obtained data or the measurement position together with the obtained data by radio waves Transmission means for signal for, since the wave measuring apparatus equipped with a quantitative, inexpensive of wave of wave direction of any water utilizing the inclination of the shaking device by wave can be measured easily.

At least one of the first and second wave measuring units determines the relationship between the cycle of the time-dependent change of the slope and the cycle of the wave in the apparatus, and the amplitude of the time-dependent change of the slope and the wave of the wave. Based on the data related to the wave height,
The apparatus further includes a second signal processing unit that obtains the period and the wave height of the wave from the period and the amplitude of the temporal change of the slope obtained from the sampling, and the transmitting unit also transmits the period and the wave height of the wave, The cycle, wave height and wave direction of a wave in an arbitrary water area can be quantitatively, inexpensively, and simply measured by using the inclination of the device which is shaken by the wave.

According to the present invention, a plurality of the above-mentioned wave measuring devices are provided, and a measurement value collection for obtaining the water flow information of the water area by collecting the measurement results transmitted from the transmitting means of each of the above wave measuring devices. Since the water flow measuring device is provided with the device and a display device for displaying the same, it is possible to obtain water flow information of a wide range of water area such as an ocean current.

According to the present invention, there is provided a water depth measuring device for measuring water depth, comprising: a float means for floating while taking a posture which is always parallel to a wavy water surface of waves; A motion measuring unit that emits a single wavelength light or ultrasonic wave in the direction and samples the arrival time of the echo signal reflected from the sea floor, and a signal processing unit that obtains the water depth from the minimum value of the measured arrival time of the echo signal. , The depth of an arbitrary water area can be quantitatively, inexpensively, and simply measured by using the arrival time of an echo signal reflected from the sea floor at a device that shakes due to waves.

According to the present invention, there is provided a wave measuring method for measuring a wave on the water surface, wherein the wave measuring device is floated on the water surface in a state where the wave measuring device is floated while the posture is always parallel to the wave surface on which the wave is waving. A motion measurement step of emitting light or ultrasonic waves of a single wavelength in a direction perpendicular to the sea, and determining a time-dependent change in the arrival time of an echo signal reflected from the sea floor, and a previously obtained arrival time of the echo signal in the device. The relationship between the period of the time-dependent change of the wave and the period of the wave, and the data of the relationship between the amplitude of the time-dependent change of the arrival time of the echo signal and the wave height of the wave, the time-dependent change of the arrival time of the echo signal determined above. And a processing step of obtaining the wave period and wave height from the period and the amplitude, so that the arrival time of the echo signal reflected on the sea floor at the device that shakes due to the wave is used. Quantitative and inexpensive of wave period and height of any body of water, it can be measured easily.

The present invention also relates to a wave measuring method for measuring waves on a water surface, wherein the inclination of the device with respect to a horizontal surface is set in a state where the wave measuring device is floated while taking an attitude such that the wave measuring device is always parallel to the surface of the waves waving. Motion measurement step for determining the change with time, and the relationship between the cycle of the change with time of the slope and the cycle of the wave in the apparatus, and the data of the relationship between the amplitude of the change with time of the slope and the wave height of the wave obtained in advance. A process for obtaining the period and the wave height of the wave from the period and the amplitude of the time-dependent change of the slope obtained above, so that the method for measuring the wave comprises: Wave period and wave height can be measured quantitatively, inexpensively and easily.

The present invention also relates to a water flow measuring method for measuring a water flow in a wide area of water, comprising the steps of measuring the phase lead / lag of a wave at two points on a water surface.
A step of obtaining the wave direction of the wave from the advance and delay of the position of the point and the phase of the wave, and a step of obtaining the water flow from the obtained position and the wave direction of the wave by simultaneously performing the above steps in a plurality of different basins. , The water flow in any of a wide range of water areas can be quantitatively, inexpensively, and simply measured.

Further, according to the present invention, there is provided a water depth measuring method for measuring the water depth, wherein the wave measuring device is floated while taking a posture which is always parallel to the wave surface of the wave.
A motion measuring step of emitting light or ultrasonic waves of a single wavelength in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the water underwater and sampling the arrival time of the echo signal reflected from the sea floor, and the minimum of the arrival time of the sampled echo signal And a processing step for obtaining the water depth from the value, so that the water depth at any position can be quantitatively and inexpensively determined by using the arrival time of the echo signal reflected from the sea floor on a device that shakes due to waves, etc. ,
It can be easily measured.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a wave measuring device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a signal system of the wave measuring device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an operation conceptual diagram of the device according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a time chart showing changes in the inclination θ and the echo arrival time τ of the apparatus with respect to an example of a wave.

FIG. 5 shows a period Tτ of an echo arrival time τ and a period T of a wave.
FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of a relationship with w.

FIG. 6 shows amplitude Aτ of echo arrival time τ and wave period T
It is a figure showing an example of the relation between w and wave height Hw.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a signal system of a wave measuring apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a signal system of a wave measuring device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing a signal system of a wave measuring apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing a signal system of a wave measuring apparatus according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is an overall configuration diagram of a wave measuring apparatus according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing a signal system of a wave measuring apparatus according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is an overall configuration diagram of a water flow measuring device according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating a display example of a display device of the device according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a block diagram showing a signal system of a water depth measuring apparatus according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 float, 2 main body, 3 motion measuring means, 4 signal processing means, 5 antenna, 6 ultrasonic transmitter, 7 ultrasonic receiver, 8 A / D converter, 9 measurement data memory,
10, 16, 23 signal processor, 11 self-position measuring means, 12 light emitter, 13 light receiver, 14 synchro transmitter, 15 S / D converter, 17 large capacity data memory,
18 transmitting / receiving antennas, 19, 20 wave measuring unit, 21
Fittings, 24 wave measuring devices, 25 measured value collecting devices, 26 water flow display devices, 40 correlation data memory.

Claims (17)

[Claims] 1. A wave measuring apparatus for measuring a wave on a water surface, comprising: float means for floating while taking an attitude so as to be always parallel to the wave surface of the wave, and a direction perpendicular to the water surface in the water. Motion measuring means for emitting a single-wavelength light or ultrasonic wave and sampling the arrival time of an echo signal reflected from the sea floor; and Based on the data of the relationship between the period of the echo signal and the amplitude of the change over time of the arrival time of the echo signal and the wave height of the wave, the wave from the period and the amplitude of the change over time of the arrival time of the echo signal obtained from the above-described sampling. And a signal processing means for obtaining a period and a wave height of the wave measurement device. 2. A wave measuring device for measuring a wave on a water surface, comprising: float means for floating while taking an attitude always parallel to a wave surface on which the wave is waving; and motion measurement for sampling a tilt of the device with respect to the horizontal surface. Means, and the relationship between the cycle of the change over time of the slope and the cycle of the wave in the apparatus, and the relationship between the amplitude of the change over time of the slope and the wave height of the wave, which are obtained in advance, are obtained from the sampling. And a signal processing means for obtaining a wave period and a wave height from the period and amplitude of the change of the slope with time. 3. A wave measuring apparatus for measuring a predetermined parameter by floating on a wave surface of a wave to obtain a period and a wave height of the wave on the water surface, wherein the posture is always parallel to the wave surface of the wave. Floating means for floating while taking, a motion measuring means for emitting light or ultrasonic waves of a single wavelength in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the water in the water, and sampling the arrival time of the echo signal reflected on the sea floor, A wave measuring device comprising: 4. A wave measuring apparatus for measuring a predetermined parameter by floating on a wave surface of a wave to obtain a period and a wave height of the wave on the water surface, wherein the posture is always parallel to the water surface of the wave. A wave measuring device, comprising: a float means for floating while taking a measure; and a motion measuring means for sampling an inclination of the apparatus with respect to a horizontal plane. 5. The wave measuring apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a self-position measuring means for measuring a measuring position. 6. The wave measuring apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising transmitting means for transmitting the obtained data or a measurement position together with the obtained data by radio waves. 7. A large-capacity storage means for storing the obtained data or the measurement position together with the obtained data,
7. The wave measuring apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the transmitting means transmits the data and the measurement position stored in the storing means in response to a predetermined signal from the outside. 8. A wave measuring apparatus for measuring waves on a water surface, comprising: a first and a second wave measuring portion floating on a wave surface of a wave at a fixed distance from each other by a joint, A float means for floating while the second wave measuring part is always in parallel with the wave surface of the wave, and a single wavelength light or super light in a direction perpendicular to the water surface in the water. A motion measuring unit that emits a sound wave and samples an arrival time of an echo signal reflected from the sea floor; and a self-position measuring unit that measures a measurement position. At least one of the first and second wave measuring units is provided. The measurement position and the reference position of the first and second wave measurement units and the wave of the wave from the lead and lag of the phase of the temporal change of the arrival time of the echo signal of the first and second wave measurement units A wave measuring apparatus comprising: signal processing means for obtaining a direction; and transmitting means for transmitting the obtained data or a measurement position together with the data by radio waves. 9. The method according to claim 1, wherein at least one of said first and second wave measuring units is configured to determine a relationship between a period of time-dependent change of arrival time of an echo signal in said device and a period of the wave, A second signal for obtaining the period and wave height of the wave from the period and amplitude of the change over time of the arrival time of the echo signal obtained from the sampling based on the data on the relationship between the amplitude of the change over time of the arrival time and the wave height of the wave 9. The wave measuring apparatus according to claim 8, further comprising a processing unit, wherein the transmitting unit also transmits a period and a wave height of the wave. 10. A wave measuring apparatus for measuring a wave on a water surface, comprising a first and a second wave measuring unit floating on a wave surface of the wave at a certain distance from each other by a joint, And a second wave measuring unit for floating while taking an attitude to be always parallel to the wavy surface of the wave, a motion measuring unit for sampling the inclination of the device with respect to the horizontal surface, and measuring a measurement position. Self-position measuring means, wherein at least one of the first and second wave measuring units is a measuring position and a reference position of the first and second wave measuring units, and the first and second wave measuring units. Signal processing means for obtaining the wave direction of the wave from the leading and lagging of the phase of the change of the inclination of the part over time; Wave measuring apparatus comprising: the means. 11. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein at least one of said first and second wave measuring units is configured to determine a relationship between a previously obtained cycle of a change in inclination of the apparatus with time and a cycle of a wave, and an amplitude of the change of inclination with time in the apparatus. A second signal processing means for obtaining a period and a wave height of the wave from a period and an amplitude of the change with time of the slope obtained from the sampling based on data on a relationship with the wave height of the wave; 11. A period and a wave height of the signal are also transmitted.
The wave measuring device according to item 1. 12. A plurality of wave measuring devices according to any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein a plurality of wave measuring devices are provided, and measurement results transmitted from transmitting means of each of the wave measuring devices are collected to obtain water flow information of the water area. A water flow measurement device comprising: a measurement value collection device for obtaining the information; and a display device for displaying the measurement value collection device. 13. A water depth measuring device for measuring water depth, comprising: float means for floating while taking a posture which is always parallel to the wavy surface of waves; and a single unit in a direction perpendicular to the water surface in the water. Motion measurement means for emitting light or ultrasonic waves of one wavelength and sampling the arrival time of the echo signal reflected from the sea floor, and signal processing means for obtaining the water depth from the minimum value of the arrival time of the measured echo signal. A water depth measuring device, characterized in that: 14. A wave measuring method for measuring a wave on a water surface, wherein the wave measuring device is floated while the posture is always parallel to the wave surface of the wave and is perpendicular to the water surface in the water. A motion measurement step of emitting light or ultrasonic waves of a single wavelength in various directions to determine the time-dependent change of the arrival time of the echo signal reflected from the sea floor, and the time-dependent change of the arrival time of the echo signal in the device obtained in advance , And the period and amplitude of the time-dependent change in the arrival time of the echo signal obtained above based on data on the relationship between the period of the wave and the period of the wave, and the relationship between the amplitude of the change over time of the arrival time of the echo signal and the wave height of the wave. And a processing step of obtaining a wave period and a wave height from the wave. 15. A wave measuring method for measuring a wave on a water surface, wherein the inclination of the device with respect to the horizontal plane is changed with time in a state where the wave measuring device is floated while the posture is always parallel to the wave surface of the wave. And a motion measurement step of obtaining the relationship between the cycle of the time-dependent change of the slope and the cycle of the wave in the device, and the relationship between the amplitude of the time-dependent change of the slope and the wave height of the wave, which are obtained in advance. A processing step of obtaining a period and a wave height of the wave from the obtained period and amplitude of the change with time of the slope. 16. A water flow measuring method for measuring a water flow in a wide area of water, comprising: measuring a lead / lag of a phase of a wave at two points on a water surface; and a position of the two points and a lead of the phase of the wave. A step of obtaining a wave direction of a wave from a delay, and a step of simultaneously performing the above steps in a plurality of different basins to obtain a water flow from the obtained position and the wave direction of the wave. Measuring method. 17. A water depth measuring method for measuring the water depth, wherein the wave measuring device is floated while taking an attitude such that it is always parallel to the wave surface of the waves, and a direction perpendicular to the water surface in the water. A motion measurement step of emitting a single-wavelength light or ultrasonic wave and sampling the arrival time of the echo signal reflected from the sea floor, and a processing step of obtaining the water depth from the minimum value of the arrival time of the sampled echo signal. A method for measuring water depth, comprising: