JPH1132585A - Box deploying mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable seedling boxes to be neatly arranged without any gap in preventing over-pushing or short-pushing of the boxes, in closely packing each longitudinal gap of the boxes by forwardly pushing the discharged seedling boxes. SOLUTION: This box deploying mechanism forwardly pushes seedling boxes N discharged from a working unit onto the ground to attach a preceding deployed box N by a box arranging means 16 to closely pack each longitudinal gap of the boxes. The mechanism has a measuring roller 203 backwardly rolling on the ground from the position of the preceding deployed box N and measuring its backwardly displaced distance L, and when the discharged boxes N are forwardly pushed by the box arranging means 16, each box is forwardly pushed as the backwardly displaced distance L measured from the position of the backwardly rolled measuring roller 203 to closely pack the each longitudinal gap of the boxes.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a box deploying mechanism for releasing a seedling box N to the ground for deployment.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the raising of rice and vegetables, after germination, seedling boxes are arranged in a house in a unit of several hundreds to 1,000 sheets and are greened and / or hardened. Technology for mechanization has been developed for efficient operation within the system. A technique for unfolding and collecting seedling boxes is disclosed in JP-A-7-17-1.
There is a technology disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 07817, which discloses a seedling box which is released to the ground while the working unit is moved backward, and the released seedling box is aligned with an alignment bar. Is pushed forward by the box aligning means 16 having the same structure as before, so as to reduce the interval between the front and rear seedling boxes. The reverse travel distance was controlled by a timer.

[0003]

However, in the conventional control using the timer of the box unfolding mechanism, errors in the oil flow rate,
Accurate distance control is not possible due to tire slip, etc., and when aligning after placing the seedling boxes, the box aligning means makes the seedling boxes too tight or not pushed enough to align them neatly There was something I could not do.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and when the discharged box is pressed forward to reduce the space between the front and rear boxes, the box is not over-pressed or over-pressed so that the box is cleaned without gaps. They are arranged in a line.

[0005]

A first technical means of the present invention for solving this technical problem is that a work unit 3 is provided.
In the box unfolding mechanism in which the box N discharged to the ground is pushed forward by the box aligning means 16 until the box N comes into contact with the preceding unfolding box N, the distance between the front and rear boxes is reduced. A measuring roller 203 that rolls upward and measures the backward moving distance L is provided. When the discharged box N is pushed forward by the box aligning means 16, the measuring roller 203 that rolled backward is provided. The point is that the box N is pushed forward from the position by the measured rearward movement distance L so as to reduce the distance between the front and rear boxes.

A second technical means of the present invention is that when the ejected box N is pushed forward by the box aligning means 16, the measuring roller 203 is pushed upward by the box N, and from the time when the measuring roller 203 is pushed up, The point is that the box N is pushed forward by the rearward movement distance L so as to reduce the distance between the front and rear boxes. The third technical means of the present invention is configured such that the working unit 3 discharges the box N to the ground while moving backward, and with the backward movement of the working unit 3 when discharging the box N to the ground, The measuring roller 203 is configured to fall on the ground from the preceding deployment box N and roll backward on the ground, and the backward moving distance L from the time the measuring roller 203 falls on the ground is configured.
In that it is configured to measure

Therefore, when the discharged box N is pushed forward by the box aligning means 16 to reduce the distance between the front and rear boxes, the box N is pushed forward by the backward movement distance L measured by the measuring roller 203. The front end of the discharged box N can be accurately aligned with the rear end of the preceding development box N.

[0008]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIGS. 1 to 5 show an entire seedling box unfolding and collecting machine which can be changed to a seedling box unfolding machine and a seedling box collecting machine as a seedling box-to-ground processing machine. This seedling box unfolding and collecting machine has a configuration in which 5 to 10 seedling boxes N on each side can be unfolded and collected simultaneously side by side while forming a sidewalk in the center.

The seedling box unfolding and collecting machine comprises at least one working unit 3 and a main unit 4, and a box supply mechanism 8 and a box collecting mechanism 9 can be selectively mounted on the main unit 4. By mounting the box supply mechanism 8 on the main unit 4, a seedling box unfolding machine (shown in FIG. 4) is obtained.
Is attached, a seedling box collecting machine (shown in FIG. 5) is obtained, and the working unit 3 alone can unfold and collect a number of seedling boxes N that can be placed thereon, and can be used alone.

Referring to FIGS. 1 to 23, the work unit 3 is roughly divided, and a seedling box N is placed on the work unit 3 so that distribution from the base position on one side in the left-right direction to the transfer position and collection from the transfer position to the base position are possible. And a vertical and horizontal transport mechanism 5 that can be moved back and forth at the transfer position, and a front and rear transport that can transfer the placed seedling box N to the ground, where the seedling box N can be placed and transferred to the vertical and horizontal transport mechanism 5 The mechanism 6 and a box pick-up mechanism 17 for lifting the seedling box N spread on the ground onto the front-rear transport mechanism 6
And these are mounted on the work traveling machine body A2.

In the present invention, the front side is a side where the seedling box N is deployed, and the working unit 3 moves backward at the time of deployment,
Move forward at collection. In addition, when the working unit 3 is connected to the main unit 4, the base position is a position on the delivery mechanism 7 of the main unit 4 which is arranged at an outer position on one side end of the vertical and horizontal transport mechanism 5. 3 is used alone, it is located on one side end of the vertical and horizontal transport mechanism 5 and the seedling box N is artificially supplied and taken out on one side end of the vertical and horizontal transport mechanism 5. .

In FIGS. 1 to 13, the work traveling machine body A2 has a caster type front wheel 26 and a rear wheel 27 in a machine body 25, and can be pushed vertically and horizontally by hand, as shown in FIG. The front wheel 26 has a front wheel support 131 pivotally supported on a longitudinal axis 132, and a bracket 133 provided on the front wheel support 131 is coupled to the machine body 25 with a pin 134 so that the vehicle can travel forward and straight.

The left and right sides of the machine main body 25 are formed with connecting portions 24 projecting left and right in the front and rear direction, so that the working unit 3 and the main unit 4 can be connected and the working units 3 can be connected side by side. . A vertical and horizontal transport mechanism 5 is disposed on the machine main body 25.
The vertical transport means 5A which simultaneously moves the seedling boxes N back and forth and transfers the seedling boxes N to the forward and backward transport mechanism 6; A lateral transport unit 5B for transferring the entire seedling box N and moving the entire seedling box N laterally at the ascending position;
And lifting means 5C for lifting and lowering.

The vertical conveying means 5A is a belt conveyor in which five sets are arranged, supports three front and rear rotation shafts 28 via brackets erected on the machine main body 25, and controls the rear rotation shaft 28 by a motor 29. When driven, a belt 30 is wound around a pulley provided on each rotation shaft 28, and one seedling box N is placed and transported by two belts 30 arranged at an interval in the left-right direction. It has become.

The horizontal transport means 5B is a roller conveyor having a length corresponding to the left and right lengths of the vertical transport means 5A. A plurality of rollers 32 rotatable around the front and rear axes are supported on a conveyor frame 31, and a plurality of rollers 32 are supported. The plurality of rollers 32 use a rotation roller (a roller with a built-in motor) and are rotatable. A timing belt is wound around all the rollers 32, and all the rollers 32 are rotated synchronously by the rotation rollers.

The rollers 32 are all disposed between the belts 30 of the vertical conveying means 5A. When the rollers 32 are lowered, the rollers 32 are positioned lower than the upper surface of the belt 30.
0 and the stacking state is set in the height direction.
Can be transferred to and from the belt 30. Lifting means 5
C is an elevator type, and a mounting body 38 is erected on the rear part of the conveyor frame 31 of the horizontal conveying means 5B, and the mounting body 38 is mounted on a guide post 33 made of an angle material which is erected on the work traveling machine body A2. The elevator body 34 is guided to be able to move up and down via rollers.
Are connected.

The elevator driving tool 34 is a work traveling machine A
Up and down shafts 36 provided on the upper end 2 of the guide support 33
A and 36B are provided with sprockets, and a chain 35 wound between upper and lower sprockets is connected to a mounting body 38. A motor 37 is mounted on a receiving base 49 fixed to the machine body 25, and the lower shaft 36A is Are driven forward and backward to push and pull the chain 35 to move the conveyor frame 31 up and down. The pedestal 49 also serves to mount the rear wheel 27.

The raising and lowering means 5C raises and lowers the roller 32 of the horizontal transport means 5B from a lowering position located below the upper surface of the belt 30 to a raising position of an upper required height (for example, about a person's waist height or about 1 m). I do. And the horizontal transport means 5B
When the seedling box N is lowered with the seedling box N placed thereon, the seedling box N is transferred to the vertical transport means 5A, and when the seedling box N is lifted from the lowered position with the seedling box N placed on the vertical transport means 5A, The seedling box N is lifted to enable the lateral transfer means 5B to move the seedling box N left and right.

A stopper 40 is provided on the square of the conveyor frame 31 of the horizontal conveying means 5B via a vertical axis 39, and the vertical axis 39 is rotated via an actuator such as a motor or solenoid (not shown). With the stopper 40
Can be changed to a required posture, such as a posture for restricting the lateral movement of the seedling box N, a posture for restricting the backward movement, and a posture for guiding deployment and collection.

That is, in FIGS.
When the seedling box N is supplied to the lateral transporting means 5B from the above, the stopper 40 on the outer end side of the lateral transporting means 5B is set to the restricting posture of 40a so that the seedling box N does not fall outward from the conveyor frame 31, When transferring the seedling box N transferred to the vertical transfer means 5A to the front and rear transfer mechanism 6, the stopper 40 on the front side is set to 40b.
When the seedling box N is guided toward the center in the left-right direction of the front-rear transfer means 18 and the seedling box N is transferred from the front-rear transfer means 18 to the vertical and horizontal transfer mechanism 5, the front side is The stopper 40 is set to the collecting guide posture of 40c at the forward spread and the rear stopper 40 is set to the restricting posture of 40d, and the seedling box N falls rearward from the vertical and horizontal transport mechanism 5 while moving toward the left and right center of the vertical transport means 5A. I try not to.

A small-diameter roller 136 (shown in FIGS. 6 and 8) for facilitating delivery of the seedling box N to the front-rear conveying means 18 is provided at the front of the conveyor frame 31.
A transfer roller 137 (see FIGS. 10 and 12) for facilitating the transfer of the seedling boxes N between the horizontal transport means 5B when the work units 3 are connected side by side to the side of the conveyor frame 31.
13) is provided detachably, and the transfer roller 137 is removed when unnecessary.

In FIGS. 1 to 7 and 12 to 16, a front-rear transfer mechanism 6 includes a front-rear transfer means 18 capable of placing a seedling box N and moving back and forth, the front-rear transfer means 18 and a work traveling machine A2.
And a horizontal moving means 10 for horizontally moving the front-rear transport means 18 in the front-rear direction. The front / rear conveying means 18 is formed by a belt conveyor, and
Five rows of belt conveyors 42 are supported by one, and are simultaneously driven by a motor 43 provided under the support frame 41. Five seedling boxes N are placed and simultaneously transported in the front-rear direction. It is possible.

The belt conveyors 42 in each row have two pairs (42A, 42B) arranged in a straight line with the rollers 44 interposed therebetween, but may be one long group. However, if two pairs (42A, 42B) are provided in front and rear, the front belt conveyor 42A is bent downward and steeply inclined, the rear belt conveyor 42B is tilted downward slowly and gently, and the rear belt conveyor 42B Between the seedling box N and the vertical conveying means 5A
Smooth delivery without shock is possible.

A pair of left and right grounding wheels 45 are provided below the support frame 41, and box aligning means 16 is attached to the front portion corresponding to the belt conveyors 42 in each row. The box aligning means 16 is positioned close to the ground on an extension of the belt conveyor 42, and is provided with a plurality of rearwardly projecting abutments 23 formed of substantially C-shaped or U-shaped sheet metal in side view. The bar 138 is fixed, and the bar 138 is pierced through the front portion of the support frame 41 so as to be movable back and forth, and the contact member 23 is urged forward by a spring 139 fitted to the bar 138.

The box aligning means 16 makes contact with the seedling box N released by the abutment device 23 to the ground by moving forward, elastically pushes the seedling box N, and pushes a plurality of seedling boxes N in the left-right direction to move forward and backward. The positions are aligned, and the front-rear spacing with the seedling box N that has already been deployed is eliminated. Further, the upper surface of the abutment member 23 also serves to reduce the head when the seedling box N is discharged from the belt conveyor 42 to the ground.

The horizontal moving means 10 has an air cylinder 46 pin-connected to the rear part of the support frame 41 and a pair of left and right guide rods 47 pin-connected similarly. , And a pair of left and right guide rods 47 are guided by the main body 25 so as to be slidable back and forth. The front-rear transportation means 18 is connected to the machine body 25 by the horizontal movement means 10, and is inclined forward and downward when the grounding wheel 45 is in contact with the ground, and is movable in the front-rear horizontal direction by the operation of the air cylinder 46. The operation of the box aligning means 16 and the box pick-up mechanism 17 is enabled.

An actuator is provided between the support frame 41 and the pair of left and right guide rods 47 for rotating the front end of the support frame 41 upward, and when the work unit 3 is carried in and out of the house, It is preferable that the grounding wheel 45 and the contact member 23 can be retracted upward.
A box guide plate 48 is provided on the upper surface on the left and right sides of the support frame 41 of the front-rear transport means 18. This box guide plate 4
Numeral 8 is spread forward to guide the seedling box N at the time of collection.

The horizontal transport means 5B and the front and rear transport means 18
The conveyor frame 31 and the support frame 41 form the minimum required horizontal width, and the five seedling boxes N to be processed simultaneously are processed in an adjacent state, and the width of the seedling boxes N approximates the width of the five seedling boxes N. Width. Conveyor frame 31 and support frame 41
The vertical transport means 5 including the motor 29 within such a width of
A, lifting / lowering means 5C having cradle 49, front / rear transportation means 1
Eight motors 43, horizontal moving means 10, etc. are arranged to form a compact working unit 3 in the left-right direction.

Referring to FIG. 4 and FIG.
A measuring roller 203 is provided on a distribution frame 115 of a distributing means 7A to be described later via a first support arm 201 protruding forward and a second support arm 202 inclined forward and downward. The second support arm 202 is the first support arm 2
01 is supported to be swingable up and down around a support shaft 204 in the left-right direction, and a second spring is provided by a spring (not shown).
The support arm 202 is urged downward (in the direction of arrow a) with respect to the first support arm 201. A limit switch 205 is provided between the first support arm 201 and the second support arm 202.
Numeral 05 is configured to turn off when the measuring roller 203 rides on the seedling box N discharged to the ground, and to turn on when the measuring roller 203 falls from the seedling box N and touches the ground.

The measuring roller 203 has a rotary encoder 207 incorporated therein.
Is adapted to output a pulse signal for each rotation of a certain angle in synchronization with the rotation of the measuring roller 203. Detection signal of the limit switch 205 and rotary encoder 2
The pulse signal of 07 is input to a control unit (not shown), and the measurement roller 203 moves with the backward movement of the working unit 3 and the main unit 4 when discharging the seedling box N to the ground. It falls on the ground from the preceding deployment box N, rolls on the ground, and measures the backward moving distance L from the time of falling on the ground.

That is, when falling from the preceding deployment box N onto the ground, the limit switch 205 switches from off to on, and the pulse signal of the rotary encoder 207 from the time when the limit switch 205 is turned on is counted. , And the backward rolling distance of the measuring roller 203 is measured as the backward moving distance L. Then, when the seedling box N released by the work unit 3 is pushed forward by the box aligning means 16, the measuring roller 203 is pushed upward by the seedling box N, and the pushed-up position is shifted by the measuring roller 203 rolled backward. , And the seedling box N is further moved forward by the rearward movement distance L from that position, thereby narrowing the interval between the preceding and following seedling boxes. That is, the measuring roller 203 is pressed forward by the seedling box N when the horizontal moving means 10 is operated to move the front-rear conveying means 18 horizontally forward and the seedling box N is pushed forward by the box aligning means 16. As a result, the second support arm 202 rotates upward (in the direction opposite to the arrow a) against the first support arm 201 against the spring, and the measuring roller 203 rides on the seedling box N, thereby limiting the position. When the switch 205 is turned off and the limit switch 205 is turned off, the seedling box N is further pushed forward by the box aligning means 16 by the measured rearward movement distance L.

The seedling box N is moved forward by the rearward moving distance L by the box aligning means 16 as described above, for example, by providing a position detecting sensor for detecting the operating position of the air cylinder 46, and Is input to a control unit (not shown), and the operation stroke of the air cylinder 46 from the time when the measuring roller 203 is pushed upward in the seedling box N is made to match the rearward movement distance L by the control of the control unit. Done.

In FIGS. 1 to 3, 5, 16, and 18 to 23, five sets of left and right boxes are provided on a front frame 56 projecting forward from the left and right sides of the machine body 25. Hook 2 for hooking the periphery Na of N from below
2 and lifting means 51 for raising and lowering the hook 22. The hook 22 includes a plurality of hooks 153 for hooking the periphery Na of the seedling box N from below, and each hook 153 is connected to a seedling box. Interference avoiding means 53 for avoiding interference of N with peripheral rib Nb
And

The front frame 56 has an L-shape in a side view and a gate shape in a plan view, and its left and right ends are fixed to the machine body 25 or detachably attached via bolts or pins. On the left and right sides of the front frame 56, the front frame 5
A wheel 52 supporting a weight of 6 is provided. In the elevating means 51 of the box pick-up mechanism 17, five guide rails (guide bodies) are provided on the left and right sides of the front portion of the front frame 56.
60 is fixed and one lift cylinder 62 with brake
Are supported, and two guide rods 59 are guided so as to be able to move up and down, and a lift 61 is attached to the lower ends of the two guide rods 59. A piston rod is connected.

An elevating table 61 has an L-shaped connecting member 63 in a side view.
Is fixed to the lower part of the connecting member 63 via a pin, and a middle part of a swinging member 64 in an L-shape in a side view is pivotally supported. A roller 65 engaged with the guide rail 60 is provided. The lower portion of the guide rail 60 is bent rearward, and when the roller 65 passes through the bent portion 60A, the swinging tool 64 swings and the vertical cylinder (vertical moving means) 67
Is changed from a substantially vertical posture to a forward leaning posture.

The elevating cylinder 62, the vertical cylinder 67 and the like are actuators of the elevating means 51. The guide rail 60, the connecting member 63, the swinging member 64, the roller 65 and the like tilt the locking member 22 forward and downward. Means are configured so that when the peripheral edge Na of the seedling box N is hooked from below by the hook 153 and the seedling box N is lifted in an inclined shape, the hanging nail 153 swings according to the inclination of the seedling box N. The positional relationship between the peripheral edge Na of the seedling box N and the hook 153 hooked on the peripheral edge Na does not change.

A longitudinal movement cylinder (forward / backward movement means) 68 is attached to a lower portion of the piston rod of the vertical cylinder 67, and a mounting base 69 is attached to a front part of the piston rod of the longitudinal movement cylinder 68. Two guide rods 70, 71 are fixed to the front-rear movement cylinder 68 and the mounting base 69, respectively. The respective guide rods 70, 71 hold the vertical cylinder 67 and the front-rear movement cylinder 68, respectively. The member is guided to be movable in the longitudinal direction.

A substantially triangular side plate 72 is mounted on the left and right sides of the mounting base 69.
A and 73B are provided, and these wheels 73A and 73B are grounded and follow the ground, and maintain the position and posture of the hook 153 with respect to the ground. A rectangular support 145 is supported on the mounting base 69, and a back plate 146 is mounted behind the support. The support 145 is attached to the mounting base 69 by screwing a nut to the vertical axis 147 at the center in the left-right direction, and can swing slightly left and right about the vertical axis 147. The pair of elastic receiving members 148 are elastically held at the swinging neutral position (posture along the left-right direction).

The support 145 has two support rods 149.
Are penetrated in the front-rear direction, and a claw attachment 150 is attached to the front end of the support rod 149, and is urged forward by a spring 151 fitted on the support rod 149. The inside of the nail attachment body 150 is hollow, and the upper part is the holding plate 15.
2 and the front surface is open, and the bases of four hooks 153 are pivotally supported in the hook mounting body 150 via pins 156 so as to be able to swing in the left-right direction.

The holding plate 152 is provided with a stopper pin 157 for restricting the swinging of each hook 153 in one direction and setting it to a forward position.
A leaf spring (biasing member) 158 is provided to bias each hook 153 in a direction in which it comes into contact with the stopper pin 157, and the hook 153 can escape in another direction. This hook 1
Reference numeral 53 denotes an upwardly projecting shape which hooks a portion of the seedling box N, whose front end is a downward flange of the peripheral edge Na of the seedling box N, from the lower side in a side view.
The seedling box N has a pointed shape having an inclined surface 153a on the surface on the seventh side.
When the inclined surface 153a abuts on the rib Nb on the back side of the downward flange, the inclined flange 153a swings in the escape direction against the leaf spring 158 so as to avoid the rib Nb and engage with the peripheral edge Na.

The support 145, the support rod 149, the claw mounting body 150, the spring 151, the holding plate 152, the hook 153, and the like together constitute the hook 22 and make the hook 153 swingable. Configuration, inclined surface 153a,
The stopper pin 157, the leaf spring 158 and the like constitute an interference avoiding means 53 for engaging the hook 153 with the peripheral edge Na while avoiding interference with the rib Nb.

Reference numeral 154 designates the mounting plate 15 on the mounting base 69.
5 is a seedling box detection sensor provided through the hook 5, and detects when the hook 153 comes into contact with the seedling box N and the nail mounting body 150 moves backward, thereby detecting the presence of the seedling box N. It has become. The seedling box detection sensor 154 can adjust the front and rear position. The latch 22 has a hook 153.
Has a restricting means 54 for restricting escape of the peripheral Na so as to prevent the seedling box N from being detached when it is hooked on the peripheral Na of the seedling box N from below.

The restricting means 54 has a bracket 159 erected on each holding plate 152, and an air cylinder 160 or an elevating actuator formed by a solenoid or the like is attached to the bracket 159, and a holding member is attached to a lower end of a rod of the air cylinder 160. The holding member 161 has an upper escape restricting portion 161a approaching the upper surface of the peripheral Na when descended, and a front escape restricting portion 161b that enters the inside (the seedling side) of the peripheral Na. The escape restricting portion 161b is formed by attaching a pair of left and right pins to the pressing member 161.

Therefore, the hook 153 is connected to the periphery Na of the seedling box N.
Air cylinder 1 while hooking it from below
When the pressing member 161 is moved down to lower the pressing member 161, the pressing member 161 is close to the upper surface of the peripheral edge Na, and the upper escape restricting portion 161 a is coupled with the hook 153 to clamp the peripheral edge Na, or at least in the upward direction of the peripheral edge Na. , And the front escape restricting portion 161b enters the inside of the peripheral edge Na to prevent the seedling box N from escaping forward,
The hook between the hook 153 and the periphery Na of the seedling box N is ensured.

The box pick-up mechanism 17 of this embodiment lowers the elevating table 61 to the lower limit position of the elevating cylinder 62, and lowers the hooks 22 by lowering the weight of the vertical cylinder 67. 73 is independently grounded to the ground, and wheels 7
When the front and rear moving cylinder 68 is operated to protrude while the ground 3 is grounded, or when the work traveling machine body 2A is moved forward while the front and rear moving cylinder 68 is in the protruding operation state, the hook 2
The hook 153 at the front end of the second abutment comes into contact with the unfolded seedling box N, and the claw mounting body 150 elastically moves rearward, and the seedling box detection sensor 154 detects it and projects or moves the forward and backward moving cylinder 68. The forward movement of the body 2A is stopped (FIGS. 20, 22).
State).

At this time, even if the front and rear positions of the unfolded seedling box N are irregular on the left and right, the seedling box N is absorbed by the back and forth movement of the claw mounting body 150 via the spring 151,
Even if the seedling box N is inclined, the support 145 swings through the vertical axis 147 and the pair of left and right elastic receivers 148 to be absorbed, and the four hooks 153 engage with the peripheral edge Na of the seedling box N. I do.

When any one of the four hooks 153 comes into contact with the peripheral rib Nb of the seedling box N, the hook 153 is moved by the action of the inclined surface 153a of the interference avoiding means 53.
Rocking against the peripheral rib Nb to avoid the peripheral rib Nb.
Enter underneath. With the hook 22 stopped moving forward, the vertical cylinder 67 is actuated to slightly raise the hook 22, so that all hooks 153 lower the lower flange of the periphery Na of the seedling box N. Then, the hook 22 is raised by the lifting cylinder 62 to lift the rear portion of the seedling box N.

In parallel with this or after raising the rear part of the seedling box N, the regulating means 54 is actuated to lower the pressing member 161, and the pressing member 161 is brought close to the upper surface of the peripheral edge Na to engage with the hook claw 153. Ensuring that the seedling box N is caught by the periphery Na. Since the roller 65 enters the bent portion 60 </ b> A of the guide rail 60 with the rise of the hook 22, the swing
4 oscillates while ascending, and inclines the front-rear moving cylinder 68 and the latch 22 forward and downward so as to be substantially along the upper surface of the front-rear conveying means 18. As a result, when the periphery Na of the seedling box N is hooked from below with the hanging claws 153 and the seedling box N is lifted in an inclined shape, the hanging claws 153 swing according to the inclination of the seedling box N,
Thus, even if the seedling box N is inclined, the positional relationship between the peripheral edge Na of the seedling box N and the hook 153 hooked on the peripheral edge Na does not change. It prevents accidental detachment from the peripheral Na.

Next, the front / rear conveying means 18 is moved to the horizontal moving means 1.
At 0, it is inserted and moved so as to be scooped below all the hooks 22 (the state of FIG. 22). At this time, since the front-rear transporting means 18 comes into contact with the seedling box N, even if the peripheral edge Na is disengaged from the hook 153, the regulating means 54 prevents the movement. In a state where the rear half of the seedling box N is arranged to be scooped on the front and rear transport means 18, the vertical cylinder 67 is lowered and the regulating means 54 is released to move the entire seedling box N to the front and rear transport mechanism 6. And the hooks 153 are released from engagement with the peripheral edge Na of the seedling box N. Thereafter, the hooking tool 22 is moved backward by the front-rear movement cylinder 68 along the upper surface of the front-rear transportation means 18. Then, it is separated from the seedling box N and the elevating cylinder 62 is actuated to move up (the state shown in FIG. 23).

The box pick-up mechanism 17 can perform the seedling box unfolding operation while being attached to the work traveling machine A2. As the box pick-up mechanism 17, a large number of hooks 22 are attached to the lifting platform 61 or the swinging tool 64, and the engagement and disengagement of the hooks 153 with respect to the seedling box N is performed by the operation of the lifting / lowering cylinder 62 and the travel of the work traveling machine 2A. Alternatively, instead of the guide rail 60 of the tilting means, a cylinder may be provided between the connecting tool 63 and the swinging tool 64, or the lift cylinder 6 may be provided.
2 may be provided in a forward leaning posture.

A seedling box detection sensor may be provided on the front frame 56, and the seedling box N may be detected in front of the hook 153 to stop the forward movement of the working unit 3.
The hook 22 can be formed by using a plurality of hooks 153 other than four, or by directly attaching the hook 153 to the mounting base 69, and instead of the hook 153 or the hook 22. It is also possible to change the box pick-up mechanism 17 to the box aligning means 16 by attaching the abutment 23 to the box.

In order to make the wheels 73 conform to the unevenness of the ground, it is preferable that the mounting base 69 can be slightly swung up and down around the longitudinal axis with respect to the piston rod of the longitudinal cylinder 68. The working unit 3 can be formed in a size that can simultaneously process 1 to 4 or 6 or more seedling boxes N. The working unit 3 for simultaneously processing 3 or more sheets can be used alone or in the main unit 4. The one or two-sheet processing unit is used by being connected to the work unit 3 connected to the main unit 4.

The main unit 4 is shown in FIGS.
3, 24 to 32, a delivery mechanism 7 at the front of the main traveling body B2, a box holder support mechanism 12 at the rear,
A box supply mechanism 8 and a box collection mechanism 9 are provided in the middle part thereof so that they can be used alternatively. The work unit 3 is connected to at least one of the left and right sides of the main unit 4 so as to be able to travel together. In the embodiment, the work unit 3 is paired on the left and right, and is the same or different on either side of the left or right work unit 3. The work units 3 for processing the number of seedling boxes N are connected in a side-by-side state, and both working units 3 transfer the seedling boxes N between the horizontal transport means 5B.

The main traveling body B2 has a main body 76 equipped with a drive source such as an electric motor, a pair of left and right hydraulic pumps 221, an air compressor, an operation panel and the like shown in FIG. 36 are driven by left and right hydraulic motors 222, respectively.
With 3B, it can run and steer independently. Then, visually, it is difficult to judge the straightness of the main traveling body B2 unless the straight traveling direction of the main traveling body B2 is largely deviated, but the meandering becomes large in the direction correction at this time. Therefore, it is necessary to automatically check the straight traveling property and reduce the meandering property during automatic driving. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 36, sensors 224 such as photoelectric tubes are provided corresponding to the respective sprocket portions 223 of the left and right hydraulic motors 222.
, The number of teeth of the sprocket portion 223 of the hydraulic motor 222 is counted, and the result is amplified by a counter 225 to calculate the rotation difference between the left and right hydraulic motors 222 and transmit the result to the bubble opening / closing controller 226. Then, the left and right valves 22 are controlled by the bubble opening / closing controller 226.
7 is controlled so as to reduce the rotation difference of the hydraulic motor 222.

In this case, since an external guidance device such as an electromagnetic wave or an ultrasonic wave is not required, the straightness of the main traveling body B2 can be controlled at any place and in any case, and the traveling direction can be controlled. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 and 10 to 13, the delivery mechanism 7 is disposed at the center of the pair of left and right working units 3, that is, at a base point on one side of the horizontal transport unit 5 </ b> B at the ascending position. A distributing means 7A for transferring the seedling boxes N one by one; and a feeding means 7 for moving the seedling boxes N between the distributing means 7A and a position behind the distributing means 7A.
B.

The distributing means 7A includes a roller conveyor 117 having a plurality of rotation rollers 116 having a built-in motor, and a chain conveyor having a plurality of pawls 118 on a distribution frame 115 provided at a front projection 76a at the front of the machine body 76. 1
19 are provided. The rotation roller 116 is arranged in parallel with the roller 32 with the axis thereof oriented in the front-rear direction, and when the horizontal conveying means 5B is at the raised position, the roller 32 becomes substantially the same as the rotation roller 116, and N is delivered.

The chain 120 of the chain conveyor 119
Are disposed between the rotation rollers 116 and the distribution frame 115
And a plurality of pawls 118 provided at one or a distance from each other. Can be driven.

The feed means 7B is formed by a roller conveyor supported by a feed frame 122, and the rollers 124 are driven via a motor and a chain transmission means (not shown). Located, seedling box N
Can be conveyed in the front-rear direction, and the rear portion of the chain conveyor 119 is arranged to overlap with the front portion of the feeding means 7B.

The seedling box N supplied from the rear onto the feeding means 7B is sent by the rollers 124 until it reaches the chain conveyor 119, and is pushed by the claws 118 of the chain conveyor 119 to be provided at the front of the distribution frame 115. Stopper 1
It is moved until it comes into contact with 25. In this state, the seedling box N
The sheet is completely transferred onto the roller conveyor 117, and is distributed and supplied to the horizontal conveying means 5B of each of the left and right working units 3 by rotating the roller conveyor 117 forward and backward.

The transfer of the seedling box N from the horizontal conveying means 5B to the feeding means 7B is the reverse of the above operation, and the roller conveyor 11
7 and the seedling box N taken in by the chain conveyor 1
19 is pushed by the pawl 118 onto the roller 124. A front protruding portion 7 supporting the delivery mechanism 7 of the main traveling body B2
6a is provided with a pair of front and rear connecting portions 127 on the left and right. The connecting portion 127 of the work traveling machine body A2 can be connected to the connecting portion 127.

That is, as shown in FIGS.
These connecting portions 127 and 24 have a bifurcated shape on the left and front sides, are formed of a single plate on the right and front sides, are formed with a front opening groove a on the right front side, and are formed with bolt holes b on the other.
When connecting the work traveling body A2 to the main traveling body B2, bolts (or pins) may be inserted into the respective left front bolt holes b, and the respective right front grooves a may be engaged with the bolts. The bolts are inserted while aligning the bolt holes b on the rear side.

When the work traveling machine A2 is further connected to the work traveling machine A2 connected to the main traveling machine B2, the same operation as described above is performed. Further, the work traveling machine A2 can be connected to either the left or right of the main traveling machine B2 or another work traveling machine A2. FIG. 17 shows a connecting tool 1 for moving the working unit 3 with the traveling power of the main unit 4 by using the connecting portions 127 and 24 at the time of loading and unloading into the house.
28 and 129 are shown.

The first connecting member 128 is connected to the main traveling body B2.
And a rear connecting portion 128a which is fitted to the front protruding portion 76a from the front side and connected to the left and right front connecting portions 127 by bolts, and a rear connecting portion 128a which is connected to the front and rear connecting portions 127 by bolts. Left and right connecting portions 24
And a front connection portion 128b for bolt connection. The second connecting member 129 is for connecting the work traveling machine A2 to the work traveling machine A2 in a forward series, and is connected to the main traveling machine B.
2 is connected from the front side to the work traveling machine body A2 connected to the front side 2 and is bolt-connected to the left and right front side connection sections 24.
And a front connection portion 129b that is fitted to the second work traveling machine body A2 from the rear side and is bolted to the left and right rear connection portions 24.

By using the first and second connecting members 128 and 129, a plurality of working units 3 can be connected to the main unit 4 in series, and the main unit 4 is driven into a house with a narrow entrance. The work unit 3 can be carried in only by power, the work unit 3 is disconnected in series in the house, and is manually pushed and moved to be connected to the main unit 4 side by side using the connection parts 127 and 24 side by side. .

The box supply mechanism 8 is a mechanism that stores the seedling boxes N in a stacked state and supplies the seedling boxes N to the delivery mechanism 7 one by one. Transport conveyor means 75 formed of a wheel conveyor or a roller conveyor or the like disposed on the upper portion of the machine base 74; and box holding means provided on a frame 78 disposed over the transport conveyor means 75. 79 and a lifting means 80 which moves up and down to a position where the seedling box N on the transport conveyor means 75 is held by the box holding means 79.

The rear side of the frame frame 78 is open, and for example, seedling boxes N stacked in 30 stages can be inserted from the rear while being placed on the conveyor means 75. The box holding means 79 has a pair of left and right plate-shaped holding members 81 supported by the frame 78, and an egress / retract means 82 for moving the left and right holding members 81 into and out of the frame 78.

The left and right holding tools 81 can hold the periphery Na of the seedling box N, and can hold the stacked seedling boxes N at a height more than one seedling box N from the conveyor means 75.
By retreating by the retracting means 82, the laminated seedling box N which is being held can be opened. The retracting means 82 is configured to move a screw shaft having the holder 81 attached to the tip in the axial direction by a motor, and may be constituted by an air cylinder or the like.

The lift means 80 is located below the conveyor means 75 and has a lift table 83 which can project upward from between the wheels of the conveyor means 75, and a lift drive means 84 which moves up and down the lift table 83. ing. The lift base 83 is guided by a machine base 74 so as to be lifted and lowered. A lift drive unit 84 drives a cam plate 85 that comes into contact with a cam follower on the lower surface of the lift base 83 with a motor or the like to move the lift base 83 up and down. Has become. The lift driving means 84 can be constituted by a hydraulic cylinder or the like.

The lifting means 80 holds the left and right holding members 81 backward, and the transport
8 is lifted by operating the lift driving means 84 to raise the lift table 83, and when descending, the second seedling box N from the bottom is held by the holder 81.
27, and the lift table 83 is lowered below the conveyor means 75, so that the seedling box N at the lowermost position is placed on the conveyor means 75 again and moves forward. Transport.

Next, when the lift base 83 is raised, the laminated seedling box N held by the holder 81 is lifted, and when descending, the holder 81 is retracted once to lower the lower seedling box N. Then, the second seedling box N from the bottom is received when the holding tool 81 advances. The box supporter support mechanism 12 includes a lateral movement mechanism 97 on which the box supporter 14 can be placed and laterally moved, and a stacked seedling box N lifted from the box supporter 14 on the lateral movement mechanism 97 and moved forward. And a stacked seedling box feeding means 92 for feeding.

The box receiving body 14 is a pallet that can be inserted with a fork claw used in the greening process.
It is formed in such a manner that five stacked products can be placed in the left-right direction. The box receiver 14 may be a frame that can be transported by a forklift or a transport vehicle with wheels. Lateral moving mechanism 9
7 is provided with a large number of wheels 90 in the left-right direction at the front and rear portions of a frame 89 fixed to the rear upper surface of the machine body 76.
A mounting movable table 91 having front and rear rails engaging with the first movable member 0 is disposed so as to be movable in the left-right direction, and a driving means 168 for driving the mounting movable table 91 on the frame 89 is provided.

The driving means 168 wraps a chain 169 around a sprocket supported by the frame 89, connects the chain 169 to the mounting / moving table 91, and
At 0, the sprocket is driven, and the mounting moving table 91 having the front and rear rails is pulled and moved by the chain 169 without moving the driving means 168.

As shown in FIG. 28, a positioning member 100 is provided on the upper surface of the mounting moving table 91 for holding the mounted box receiver 14 at an appropriate position in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction. The supply of the stacked seedling boxes N from the box receiving body 14 to the transport conveyor means 75 is performed by the stacked seedling box feeding means 92 arranged inside the frame 89. This stacked seedling box feeding means 92
Is configured such that a belt conveyor 95 driven by a motor 94 is supported on a lifting table 93, and the lifting table 93 is raised and lowered by lifting means 96. The elevating means 96 vertically drives a rod fixed to the elevating table 93 by a motor via a rack and pinion.

The driving means 168 and the elevating means 96 include
Although an electric motor is used, it may be configured to operate with an air cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder. The box holder 1
Reference numeral 4 denotes a window 14 on which five sets of the stacked seedling boxes N can be placed, and the belt conveyor 95 can show a face in correspondence with each seedling box placement position.
A is formed, and the stacked seedling box feeding means 92
When the elevator 93 is lifted by the lifting means 96 from the state shown by the solid line, the belt conveyor 95 rises from the window 14A to lift the stacked seedling box N (the state shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 27 and the solid line in FIG. 28), and When driven in this state, the stacked seedling boxes N can be sent forward, and can be transferred to the conveyor means 75.

The lateral moving mechanism 97 takes the left and right balance when taking out the stacked seedling boxes N, and the order of taking out the stacked seedling boxes N on the box receiving body 14 is 5, 3, 1, 2, 4 from the end. It has become. In addition, since the placing and moving table 91 greatly overhangs from the machine body 76 to the left and right, a grounding wheel 99 is provided via a support arm 98 at the left and right rear portions of the machine body 76 to support the left and right. A caster wheel is used as the grounding wheel 99, and the support arm 98 can change its posture from the outwardly protruding posture to the rearward direction, so that the rear portion of the main unit 4 can be supported.

The box receiving body 14 has a seedling box N in a stacked state.
In place of the above, a box collecting frame 15 for storing the seedling boxes N in multiple tiers at an up-down interval can be placed. When collecting the seedling boxes, the box collecting frame 15 is placed and the same as described above. Then, the lateral movement by the lateral movement mechanism 97 is performed. The box collecting mechanism 9 is shown in FIGS.
Are supplied one by one, and the seedling boxes N are collected in multiple stages in the vertical direction, and are mounted on the machine body 76 instead of the box supply mechanism 8.

The box collecting mechanism 9 includes a wheel conveyor,
Conveying conveyor means 102 formed by a roller conveyor or the like
And a frame frame 103 laid over the transport conveyor means 102 and a seedling box N supported by the frame frame 103 and having growing seedlings on the transport conveyor means 102, spaced one by one. Lifting box multi-stage lifting means 1
04 and pusher means 105 for pushing out all the seedling boxes N on the box multistage lifting means 104 backward.

The box multi-stage lifting means 104 wraps a chain 109 around a plurality of front and rear sprockets fixed to upper and lower shafts 107 and 108 supported on the left and right sides of the frame 103, and places the side chains of the seedling box N around the front and rear chains 109. Metal fittings 110 for holding the seedlings N are arranged at regular intervals, and they are arranged to face left and right, and the seedling box N is lifted up from the conveyor means 102 by the left and right holding metal fittings 110. Can be collected at intervals, for example, in 30 stages.

The pusher means 105 is of a two-stage push-moving type. The pusher means 112 comes into contact with all the seedling boxes N collected by the box multi-stage lifting means 104 on the frame frame 103. An upper and lower first air cylinder 113 to be moved, a pusher frame 114 to which the upper and lower air cylinders 113 are attached, and which is supported on the frame frame 103 via a guide rail so as to be movable back and forth;
3 or the pusher frame 1 supported by the machine frame 101
14 for moving the air cylinder 14 back and forth.

When a required number of seedling boxes N are stored in the box multistage lifting means 104, the second air cylinder 111 is extended to move the pusher frame 114 backward (two points from the solid line position in FIG. 30). After moving all the seedling boxes N simultaneously by the pusher body 112 by approximately half of the box length or simultaneously, the first air cylinder 113 is extended to operate the pusher body 112 with respect to the pusher frame 114. Is moved backward (moving from the two-dot chain line position to the one-dot chain line position in FIG. 30), and the entire multi-stage seedling box N is pushed out to the rear of the frame frame 103 and is transferred to the box collecting frame 15.

The box collecting frame 15 is mounted on the box receiving body 14 and transported by a forklift or the like. The box collecting frame 15 has a receiving piece 15a for arranging seedling boxes N at, for example, 30 stages with a vertical interval. The pieces 15a are arranged in five rows in the left-right direction to form five rows of collection units. Each collecting unit is capable of inserting the multi-stage seedling box N from the front side thereof, and stores the multi-stage seedling boxes N pushed out from the box collecting mechanism 9 by the pusher means 105 while keeping a vertical interval.

Since the pusher means 105 cannot push the seedling box N on the conveyor means 102,
The seedling box N is inserted into the bottom of the box collecting frame 15 by using the conveyor means 102 and the stacked seedling box feeding means 92. However, the bottom of the box collecting frame 15 may be left blank without inserting the seedling box N. A cart capable of moving left and right is provided on the machine body 76, a box supply mechanism 8 and a box collection mechanism 9 are provided on the cart, and the cart is moved and the box supply mechanism is provided behind the delivery mechanism 7. 8 and the box collecting mechanism 9 can be selectively used between the box supplying mechanism 8 and the box collecting mechanism 9.

Next, a seedling box unfolding method when the seedling box to ground processing machine shown in the above embodiment is set in a state where the box supply mechanism 8 can be used in the main unit 4 to form a seedling box unfolding machine will be described. I do. The required number of working units 3 are connected in series at the front of the main unit 4 via the connecting members 128 and 129,
It is moved by the self-propelled device of the main unit 4 and carried into the house. The work unit 3 is separated from the main unit 4 side by side in the house and connected side by side. The holding body 14 is transported by a lift vehicle and placed on the placement moving table 91 of the box holder supporting mechanism 12.

The stacking seedling box feeding means 92 of the box receiving body support mechanism 12 is operated to transfer the stacked seedling boxes N on the box receiving body 14 to the transport conveyor means 75 and to supply them into the box feeding mechanism 8. I do.
The five rows of the stacked seedling boxes N are supplied from the center side of the box holder 14 and supplied, and the box holder 14 is moved left and right via the lateral movement mechanism 97 so as not to lose the left-right balance. Are supplied sequentially.

The stacked seedling boxes N that have entered the box feeding mechanism 8 are held by box holding means 79 via the lifting means 80, sequentially taken out of the seedling boxes N on the lower stage onto the conveyor means 75, and then transferred by the conveyor means 75. It is supplied to the delivery mechanism 7. In the delivery mechanism 7, the seedling box N is sent to the distribution means 7A by the feeding means 7B, and is moved to the front end position by the chain conveyor 119 of the distribution means 7A.
7, the paper is distributed and conveyed to the vertical and horizontal conveying mechanisms 5 in the left and right working units 3.

In the vertical and horizontal transport mechanism 5, the horizontal transport means 5B stands by at the ascending position, and distributes and transports the seedling boxes N carried one by one from the distribution means 7A to the delivery position thereon while moving laterally. . When five seedling boxes N are supplied on the horizontal transport means 5B, the raising / lowering means 5C is operated to lower the horizontal transport means 5B to a position substantially overlapping with the vertical transport means 5A,
That is, the roller 32 is moved down from the upper surface of the belt 30 to a lower position, and the seedling box N on the roller 32 is transferred to the belt 3 of the vertical conveying means 5A.
Place on 0.

Thus, the seedling boxes N are transferred to the vertical transport means 5A, and all the seedling boxes N are simultaneously advanced by the operation of the vertical transport means 5A. At the same time, the front-rear transport means 18 of the front-rear transport mechanism 6 is operated. Then, all the seedling boxes N are transferred to the front and rear transport means 18 at the same time. Forward and backward transport means 1 inclined forward and downward
8 while operating unit 3 and main unit 4
To release the whole seedling box N to the ground and release the seedling box N
The backward movement of the work unit 3 is stopped in a state where the front-rear transport means 18 is separated by a predetermined distance.

Then, with the backward movement of the working unit 3 when discharging the seedling box N to the ground, the measuring roller 203 moves backward as shown in FIGS. Fall on the ground from above. At this time, the limit switch 205 turns on. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 35 (c), the measuring roller 203 rolls backward on the ground and counts the pulse signal of the rotary encoder 207 to measure the backward moving distance L from the time of falling on the ground. I do.

Next, as shown in FIG. 35 (2), the horizontal moving means 10 is operated to move the front / rear conveying means 18 horizontally forward, and the seedling box N is pushed forward by the box aligning means 16. Thereby, the five seedling boxes N on the left and right sides that are developed are aligned so that the front and rear positions coincide with each other. Further, while the five left and right seedling boxes N released are pushed forward by the box aligning means 16, the five left and right seedling boxes N as shown in FIGS.
One of the seedling boxes N is used to push up the measuring roller 203 whose rearward movement distance L has been measured. As a result, the limit switch 205 is turned off.

The operating stroke of the air cylinder 46 from the time when the air cylinder 46 is pushed up is made equal to the backward moving distance L, so that the horizontal moving means 10 is operated to move the front / rear conveying means 18 forward by the backward moving distance L. As a result, the seedling box N is further pushed forward from the position of the measuring roller 203 by the backward moving distance L, and pushed forward until it comes into contact with the preceding developed seedling box N as shown in FIG. Close intervals.

In the meantime, the succeeding seedling box N is introduced from the main unit 4 into the vertical and horizontal transport mechanism 5 via the distribution means 7A, and the horizontal moving means 10 is operated in reverse to move the front and rear transport means 18
Is retreated, the succeeding seedling box N is delivered, and the above process is repeated again. Between the unfolded 5 seedling boxes N on each side,
A sidewalk having a width substantially corresponding to the width of the distribution means 7A is formed.

When the seedling box unfolding machine has moved to the end in the house, the main unit 4 is separated from the working unit 3 and the seedlings remaining on the vertical and horizontal transport mechanism 5 of the working unit 3 and the front and rear transport means 18. The box N is unfolded only by the work unit 3, and then the direction of the main unit 4 is changed and moved to another house or unfolded area. After the movement, the work unit 3 is reconnected.

Next, a seedling box collecting method in a case where the seedling box body treating machine shown in the above-described embodiment is set in the main unit 4 so that the box collecting mechanism 9 can be used to form a seedling box collecting machine. Will be described. Only the working unit 3 is moved to the end of the deployment area in the house, and the box pick-up mechanism 17 is moved forward with the five seedling boxes N being deployed in one horizontal row, and the hook 153 of the hook 22 is moved forward. The movement of the work unit 3 is stopped by contacting the seedling box N. At this time, the hook 153
To protrude.

After the hook 22 detects the seedling box N, the hook 22 is raised by the raising operation of the vertical cylinder 67, and the hook 153 is hooked on the periphery Na of the seedling box N from below. Simultaneously or later, the regulating means 54 is operated to regulate the position of the peripheral edge Na from the upper side and the inner side by the pressing member 161, so that the hook 153 is securely engaged with the peripheral edge Na. In that state,
Activate the lifting cylinder 62 to lift the rear side of the seedling box N,
The conveyor 42 of the front-rear transfer means 18 of the front-rear transfer mechanism 6 is inserted under the lifted seedling box N by the forward movement of the horizontal moving means 10 so that the back surface of the seedling box N rests on the tip of the front-rear transfer means 18. scoop. At this time, the seedling box N is pushed up by the front-rear transporting means 18, but the restricting means 54 prevents the hooks 153 from coming off from the peripheral edge Na.

After the seedling box N has been scooped, the vertical cylinder 67 is operated in reverse to lower the hook 153, and the regulating means 54 is also operated in reverse to release the pressing of the holding member 161. 18 and the cylinder 68
And the lifting cylinder 62 or the vertical cylinder 67 is moved up to release the hook 153 from the peripheral edge Na of the seedling box N. Thereafter, the front-rear transportation means 18 is moved backward, and The seedling box N is completely placed.

After the forward and backward transport means 18 on which all the seedling boxes N are placed move backward by the backward movement of the horizontal moving means 10, the forward and backward transport means 18 are again moved backward and the vertical transport means 5A is actuated. N is transferred to the vertical transport means 5A, the horizontal transport means 5B, which is slightly lower than the overlap position, is raised to lift the seedling box N, and after reaching the raised position, the horizontal transport operation to the horizontal transport means 5B is performed. Is transferred one by one onto the roller conveyor 117 of the distribution means 7A of the delivery mechanism 7 located at the same height.

The seedling box N on the roller conveyor 117 is pushed by the claws 118 of the chain conveyor 119 and transferred to the feeding means 7B, and is moved by the feeding means 7B to the position on the conveyor means 102 of the box collecting mechanism 9 at the rear. I do.
The seedling boxes N conveyed onto the conveyor means 102 in the box collecting mechanism 9 are lifted one by one by the box multi-stage lifting means 104, whereby the seedling boxes N are collected in a multi-stage manner with a vertical interval.

When a predetermined number of seedling boxes N are stored in the box multi-stage lifting means 104, the first and second pusher means 105
The air cylinders 111 and 113 are operated to simultaneously push all the seedling boxes N rearward and store them in the box collecting frame 15 on the box receiving body 14. In the box holder support mechanism 12, the lateral movement mechanism 97
The position of the box collecting frame 15 is changed to the right and left through the box, and the multi-stage seedling box N is stored in the collecting section of the five rows of the box collecting frame 15. The box collection frame 15 is lowered by a lift vehicle while being placed on the box holder 14, and an empty box collection frame 15 and box holder 14 are placed instead.

From the front / rear conveying means 18 to the vertical / horizontal conveying mechanism 5
After the seedling box N has been delivered, the operation unit 3 is advanced to perform an operation for collecting the next expanded seedling box N. Note that the first to third rows of the expanded seedling boxes N are collected only by the work unit 3, and the main unit 4 can be connected to the work unit 3 after the main unit 4 can be connected in the house.
And collect the picked-up seedling box N on the main unit 4.

However, if the inside of the house is sufficiently wide, one or a plurality of working units 3 may be connected to the main unit 4 from the beginning. The above embodiment can be variously modified. For example, the number of seedling boxes N to be unfolded and collected at one time by the seedling box unfolding and collecting machine is 5
It may be set to a large number other than the number of sheets, in which case, the length of the vertical and horizontal transport mechanism 5, the number of sets of the front and rear transport means 18, the box alignment means 1
The number of the contact members 23 and the number of the hooks 22 of the box pick-up mechanism 17 are set according to the number of seedling boxes N.

The number of seedling boxes N handled by the box supply mechanism 8 and the box receiving body 14, the box collecting mechanism 9 and the box collecting frame 15, respectively, is exemplified by 30 stages, but the seedling boxes N are unfolded and collected at one time. It is preferable to set a multiple thereof according to the number of seedling boxes N. Cylinders 46, 62, 67, 6 provided for each mechanism
Although air cylinders are used for 8, 111, 113, etc., hydraulic cylinders or other mechanical or electric actuators may be used.

The main unit 4 uses an electric motor as a drive source so that it can be used in a house. However, when it is used outdoors, an engine may be used.
Instead of 7, wheels may be used. FIG. 33 shows a first modified example of the working unit 3. The working unit 3 includes a self-propelled device 13 </ b> A and a steering mechanism 187, and is capable of self-propelling without being connected to the main unit 4. I have.

The self-propelled device 13A supports a drive shaft 184 on the machine body 25 of the work traveling machine body A2, attaches the front wheel 26 to the drive shaft 184, and guides the support column 3 at the rear of the machine body 25.
3, an upper support 185 is fixed to the rear surface of the upper support 18.
5 is equipped with a motor 186, an air pump driven by a battery motor 186, an air tank, and the like.
Power is transmitted from the motor 6 to the drive shaft 184 by transmission means using shafts and gears.

The steering mechanism 187 has an arc gear 188 provided on the support shaft of the rear wheel 27 supported by the pedestal 49.
A screw gear meshing with the arc gear 188 is formed on the rotating shaft 189 supported by the shaft 189 so that power can be transmitted from the handle shaft 190 supported by the upper support 185 to the rotating shaft 189 via a shaft and gears. By rotating the handle 191, the left and right rear wheels 27 can be simultaneously steered.

The work unit 3 may be equipped with the box pick-up mechanism 17 and the box aligning means 16, but in this case, the front work tool 193 having both functions is provided with the support frame 4
The front / rear conveying means 18 is provided at the front end of the first conveying means 1. The front working tool 193 is detachably fixed to the support frame 41 with a member having a triangular cross section. The front working tool 193 becomes a divider by being attached to the upper surface in a downwardly inclined state, and is forwarded while touching the ground, thereby expanding the seedling box. N can be picked up by being scooped up, and turned upside down so that the upper surface is substantially horizontal or is attached in a downwardly inclined state that is gentler than that when the divider acts.

According to the first modification, the working unit 3
Can be carried into the house alone without the main unit 4 and the seedling boxes N can be deployed and collected. A separate seedling box transporter can be used. N is transported and arranged, and the seedling box N is artificially taken out from the seedling box transporter and supplied to the lateral transport means 5B. At the time of collection, the seedling box N is artificially fed from the horizontal transport means 5B. The seedlings are taken out and stored in the box collecting frame on the seedling box carrier, and are taken out of the house by the seedling box carrier. The supply / removal of the seedling box N onto the horizontal transport means 5B is performed when the horizontal transport means 5B is at the raised position and is about the height of the waist of the person, so that the work can be facilitated.

The self-propelled device 13A may drive the rear wheel 27, or may be provided with a motor directly on the front wheel 26 or the rear wheel 27, and the steering mechanism 187 may include a pitman arm and a tie rod. May be used.
FIG. 34 shows a modification of the lifting / lowering means 5C of the vertical / horizontal transport mechanism 5, and this lifting / lowering means 5C is of a pantograph type.

The lifting / lowering means 5C is provided on the machine main body 25 of the work traveling machine body A2 and supports a pair of left and right pantograph supports 180 for supporting the conveyor frame 31 of the roller conveyor in a vertically movable manner. And a pantograph drive 181 for raising and lowering the conveyor frame 31. The pantograph drive 181 is formed by a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder.

Each of the left and right pantograph supports 180 has two members connected in an X-shape, the front ends of both members are pivotally connected to the machine body 25 and the conveyor frame 31, and the rear ends can be moved back and forth. The pantograph driving tool 181 has a cylinder provided on the conveyor frame 31 and a cylinder rod connected to the machine main body 25, so that the conveyor frame 31 can be moved up and down reliably and stably along the guide column 33 by the expansion and contraction operation. ing.

The pantograph driving tool 181 may be provided with a pair of cylinders on the left and right sides of the machine body 25, and each cylinder rod may be connected to the lower rear end of the left and right pantograph support 180. In the above-described embodiment, the seedling box N is unfolded on the ground by the box unfolding mechanism. However, the unfolding box N is not limited to the seedling box and may be another box.

In the above embodiment, the distribution frame 115 of the distribution means 7A of the main unit 4 has the first support arm 201 projecting forward and the second support arm 201 inclined forward and downward.
Although the measurement roller 203 is provided via the support arm 202, the measurement roller 203 may be provided in the machine body 25 instead. The number of the measurement rollers 203 to be provided may be plural in accordance with the box N to be developed.

[0112]

According to the present invention, there is provided a measuring roller 203 which rolls backward on the ground from the position of the preceding unfolding box N and measures the backward moving distance L. When pushing forward at 16, the box N is pushed forward by the measured rearward movement distance L from the position of the measuring roller 203 rolled backward, so as to reduce the distance between the front and rear boxes. When the ejected box N is pushed forward by the box aligning means 16 to reduce the distance between the front and rear boxes, the box N is pushed forward by the rearward movement distance L measured by the measuring roller 203, so that the predeployed box N The front end of the box N discharged to the rear end can be accurately aligned, and the box N can be aligned neatly without gaps by preventing the box N from being pushed too much or not enough.

Further, the released box N is stored in the box aligning means 16.
When pushing forward with the box N, the measuring roller 203 is pushed up by the box N, and the box N is pushed forward by the backward movement distance L from the time when the box N is pushed up, thereby narrowing the interval between the front and rear boxes. Therefore, the position of the measurement roller 203 rolled backward can be accurately and reliably detected by pushing up the measurement roller 203 by the box N, and the boxes N can be more accurately aligned without gaps. .

Further, the working unit 3 is configured to discharge the box N to the ground while moving backward, and the measuring roller 203 moves forward with the backward movement of the working unit 3 when discharging the box N to the ground. The measuring roller 2 is configured to fall on the ground from the unfolding box N and roll back on the ground.
03 is configured to measure the backward moving distance L from the time of falling on the ground, so that when the work unit 3 discharges the box N to the ground, the backward moving distance L can be measured. As a result, the boxes N can be more quickly aligned without gaps.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a separated state of a seedling box unfolding and collecting machine as a seedling box-to-ground processing machine showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the same.

FIG. 3 is a front view of the seedling box unfolding and collecting machine.

FIG. 4 is an overall side view of the seedling box unfolding machine.

FIG. 5 is an overall side view of the seedling box collection machine.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of a front central portion of the seedling box-to-ground processing machine.

FIG. 7 is a side view of the working unit.

FIG. 8 is a plan view of a vertical and horizontal transport mechanism of the work unit.

FIG. 9 is a rear view of the vertical and horizontal transport mechanism of the work unit.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along line XX of FIG. 6;

FIG. 11 is a sectional view taken along line YY of FIG. 6;

FIG. 12 is an explanatory plan view showing the deployment of a seedling box.

FIG. 13 is an explanatory plan view showing collection of a seedling box.

FIG. 14 is a plan view of a front-rear transport mechanism.

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional side view of the front-rear transport mechanism.

FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional side view showing horizontal movement of the front and rear transport means.

FIG. 17 is a plan view showing a connector for connecting a work unit and a main unit in series.

FIG. 18 is a sectional plan view showing a main part of the box pick-up mechanism.

FIG. 19 is a front view of the box pick-up mechanism.

FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional side view of the lower part of the box pick-up mechanism showing the box pick-up operation during hooking.

FIG. 21 is a plan view of the lower part of the box pick-up mechanism.

FIG. 22 is an explanatory side view at the time of picking up the box picking operation.

FIG. 23 is an explanatory side view of the box picking-up operation when the seedling box is delivered.

FIG. 24 is a side view of a main unit including a box supply mechanism.

FIG. 25 is a plan view of the same.

FIG. 26 is a rear view of the same.

FIG. 27 is a sectional side view of the same.

FIG. 28 is a cross-sectional rear view of the box holder lateral movement mechanism.

FIG. 29 is a sectional front view of the box holding means and the lift drive device of the box supply mechanism.

FIG. 30 is a cross-sectional side view of a main unit including a box collection mechanism.

FIG. 31 is a sectional rear view of the box collecting mechanism.

FIG. 32 is a plan view of the box collecting mechanism.

FIG. 33 is a side view showing a modification of the working unit.

FIG. 34 is a side view showing a modification of the elevating means of the vertical and horizontal transport mechanism.

FIG. 35 is an operation explanatory diagram for explaining a deployment operation of the seedling box.

FIG. 36 is a configuration diagram showing a configuration of a traveling device portion of a main traveling vehicle.

[Explanation of symbols]

 3 Working unit 16 Box alignment means 203 Measuring roller 205 Limit switch N Seedling box

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A box which is pushed forward by a box aligning means (16) until it comes into contact with a preceding unfolding box N by a box aligning means (3) to reduce the distance between the front and rear boxes. The unfolding mechanism is provided with a measuring roller (203) that rolls backward on the ground from the position of the preceding unfolding box N and measures the backward moving distance L, and the discharged box N is moved forward by the box aligning means (16). When pushing the box N forward, the box N is pushed forward from the position of the measuring roller (203) rolled backward by the measured rearward movement distance L to narrow the interval between the front and rear boxes. And a box unfolding mechanism. 2. A means (16) for aligning the discharged boxes (N).
When pushing forward the measurement roller (203) with the box N when pushing forward, the box N is pushed forward by the backward movement distance L from the time when the box N is pushed up, so that the interval between the front and rear boxes is reduced. 2. The box unfolding mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: 3. The work unit (3) is configured to discharge the box N to the ground while moving backward, and the measuring roller is moved in accordance with the backward movement of the work unit (3) when discharging the box N to the ground. (203) is configured to fall on the ground from the preceding unfolding box N and roll backward on the ground, and determine the backward movement distance L from the time when the measurement roller (203) falls on the ground. The box unfolding mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the box unfolding mechanism is configured to measure.