JPH11316007A - Method for disposal of waste - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for disposed of waste by which remnants can be melted by stably incinerating the carbides generated from wastes. SOLUTION: A method for disposal of waste includes a process for compressing wastes, a process for drying, a thermally decomposing, and carbonizing the compressed wastes by heating, and a process for melting ash by burning obtained carbides. In the method, the ratio in weight of the ash content to the fixed carbon content of the wastes supplied to the compressing process is adjusted to a fixed value or smaller in such a way that the wastes are supplied to the process as it is when the ratio of the wastes is the fixed value or smaller, mixed with another kind of wastes until the ratio of the mixed wastes becomes the fixed value or smaller, or mixed with a carbonaceous material until the ratio of the carbonaceous material-added wastes becomes the fixed value or smaller.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waste treatment method for compressing, drying, pyrolyzing and carbonizing waste, burning the obtained carbonized product, and melting the combustion residue, and more particularly, to stabilizing waste. The present invention relates to a waste treatment method capable of performing waste treatment.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art At present, a shortage of waste disposal sites has become apparent, and many industrial wastes or general wastes are incinerated and discarded as they are generated or after some pretreatment. Final disposal, such as landfill, is often performed after it has been converted. There are various methods of incineration described above, but in recent years, management of harmful substances such as dioxin in generated gas at incineration plants has become a problem, and toxic substances can be decomposed in a high-temperature oxidizing atmosphere. Processing methods are required.

[0003] As waste treatment methods capable of such high-temperature treatment, JP-A-6-26626 and JP-A-6-79252.
And a waste disposal process disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-323270. These are waste treatment processes in which waste is compressed, molded, dried, thermally decomposed, carbonized, and the generated carbide is melted and gasified to obtain a fuel gas.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing the above-mentioned conventional waste treatment facility. In FIG. 3, reference numeral 1 denotes a compression device for pressurizing and compressing waste in a batchwise (batch) manner; 2, a compression cylinder; 3, a compression support plate; drying also referred) and compression molded product, pyrolysis, drying area of carbide tunnel furnace for, 4a compression molded product, 4b pyrolysis of compression molding was carbonized region, 4 _E
Is the entrance of the tunnel heating furnace 4, and 5 is the tunnel heating furnace 4.
A high-temperature reactor which burns a compression molded product (hereinafter also referred to as a carbonized product) carbonized in the above, and melts ash, 6 denotes a combustion / melting zone of the carbonized product (hereinafter also referred to as a combustion / melting zone), 10a, 10i
Is a compression molded product, 11 _i and 11 _n are carbonized compression molded products (: carbonized products), 12 is a mixture of carbonized products and combustion residues, 13 is an oxygen-containing gas blowing port, 14 is a melt, and 14H is Melt outlet, 20 is waste inlet, 21 is lid of waste inlet, 40
Is an outlet of the carbonized product of the tunnel heating furnace 4 (: a charging port for the carbonized product into the high-temperature reactor 5), and 50 is a rapid cooling of exhaust gas (hereinafter also referred to as generated gas) discharged from the high-temperature reactor 5. device, 51 a gas purification unit, 52 a gas outlet of the high temperature reactor 5, 53 the purified gas, f ₁ is the compression-molded product 10a, 10i moving direction of, f ₂ is moved carbide product 11 _i, 11 _n Direction, f ₃
The flow direction of the pyrolysis gas produced in a tunnel type heating furnace 4, f ₄ is blowing direction of the oxygen-containing gas into the hot reactor 5, f ₅ the direction of movement of the compression cylinder 2, f ₆ the compression support direction of movement of the panel 3, f ₇ indicates the direction of rotation of the lid 21 of the waste inlet 20.

In the waste treatment equipment shown in FIG. 3, first, a predetermined amount of waste supplied from the waste inlet 20 into the compression device 1 is compressed in a batchwise manner using the compression device 1. Then, a compact compression molded product 10a is obtained. Next, the compression molded product 10a is pushed into an elongated tunnel heating furnace 4 which is heated from the outside.

At this time, the water contained in the waste is
It is squeezed out in the above-mentioned compression step and moves into the tunnel heating furnace 4 together with the waste. Cross-sectional shape of the compression molded product 10a has an inner wall section having the same shape of the inlet 4 _E of the tunnel type heating furnace 4,
When the compression molded product 10a is pushed in while maintaining the same state as the inner wall of the tunnel type heating furnace 4 when the compression molded product 10a is pushed in, the atmosphere in the heating furnace can be sealed at the tunnel type heating furnace entrance. it can.

[0007] Each time a new compression molded product is pushed in, the compression molded product 10i slides inside the tunnel heating furnace 4 and moves. The tunnel type heating furnace 4 is heated from the outside as described above, the inner wall surface is heated to about 600 ° C., and during the movement and the temperature rise of the compression molded product 10i, the compression molded product 10i is dried, thermally decomposed, Carbonize.

[0008] The carbonized product 11n and gas components generated by thermal decomposition are charged and blown into the high-temperature reactor 5 maintained at 1000 ° C or higher. Thereafter, the combustibles in the carbonized product containing minerals and metals are burned by the oxygen-containing gas, pyrolyzed, and gasified. In this case, by adjusting the amount of oxygen in the oxygen-containing gas, the generated gas discharged from the high-temperature reactor 5 can be recovered as a fuel gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen (hereinafter also referred to as fuel gas).

[0009] The residue (non-combustible portion) that is not gasified by combustion or thermal decomposition is melted in the high-temperature reactor 5 to form a molten material 14 composed of molten metal and molten slag. It is recovered from the lower melt outlet 14H.
The above-described waste treatment method is a method in which industrial waste and general waste generated in various forms are carbonized, and the resulting carbonized product is burned with oxygen in the high-temperature reactor 5. It is excellent in that it is not necessary to externally supply fuel to the high-temperature reactor 5 because the residue such as minerals and metals in the carbonized product is melted using the heat of combustion of carbon in the waste remaining in the furnace. ing.

In the above-mentioned waste treatment method, when treating industrial waste having stable contents and properties, the amount of water and fixed carbon as fuel in the waste is stable. There is no problem. However, when treating industrial waste generated in various places together,
When collecting and treating general wastes with various properties such as moisture and ash depending on the source, the degree of carbonization in the carbonization process is not sufficient due to fluctuations in moisture in the waste, or It is easy to fall into the condition that the amount of carbon used as fuel in the high-temperature reactor is small.

In this case, the amount of heat sufficient to melt the minerals, metals, and other residues in the carbonized product in the high-temperature reactor is insufficient, and stable operation cannot be performed. In such a case, as shown in FIG. 2, for example, LPG, LNG, propane gas, or the like is introduced into the high-temperature reactor 5 from a combustible gas and an oxygen-containing gas injection port 15 provided at a lower portion of the furnace of the high-temperature reactor 5. Although the method of supplying the fuel and compensating for the temperature can be adopted, there are the following problems.

(1) By supplying an auxiliary fuel such as propane gas, the gas superficial velocity in the high-temperature reactor increases, and the amount of dust jumping out of the system of the high-temperature reactor increases. In addition, heating the compression molded product, drying, pyrolysis, heating and combustion of pyrolysis gas and carbonized products generated in the process of carbonizing,
The residence time of the pyrolysis gas generated by the pyrolysis in the high temperature part in the high temperature reactor is shortened.

(2) If the amount of generated gas discharged from the high temperature reactor fluctuates, the generated gas quenching device 50 and the gas purification device
It is necessary to adjust the generated gas processing equipment such as 51 to the maximum value of the generated gas amount. As a result, the size of the generated gas treatment equipment increases, the amount of industrial water and chemicals used in the treatment equipment increases, and the amount of wastewater generated in the treatment equipment increases.

[0014]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art and provides a waste treatment method capable of stably burning carbonized products of waste and melting combustion residues. The purpose is to provide.

[0015]

In the above-described waste treatment method, the waste is carbonized and then gasified by combustion in a high-temperature reactor. It is necessary that the heat of combustion generated when carbon is gasified by combustion is sufficient to melt residues such as minerals and metals contained in the carbonized product.

The present inventors have conducted intensive studies to solve the problems at the time of burning of the carbonized product of the waste, and as a result, focused on the following characteristics of the waste and arrived at the present invention. : In general, the content of noncombustibles (hereinafter referred to as ash) in waste, moisture, volatile matter, fixed carbon content, etc. vary,
If the source of the waste is the same, each of them usually shows almost the same value.

[0017] Therefore, waste from different sources,
Separated at the time of receiving and treating these in combination, water, ash,
Fluctuations such as volatile matter and fixed carbon can be reduced. The present invention performs stable waste disposal by maintaining the weight ratio of ash in fixed waste and fixed carbon in waste introduced into waste treatment facilities to a predetermined value or less based on the properties of various wastes. It is.

That is, according to the present invention, when the weight ratio between the ash in the waste and the fixed carbon is equal to or less than a predetermined value, compression, carbonization, combustion and melting are performed in that state, while the ash in the waste and the fixed carbon are fixed. When the weight ratio with carbon exceeds a predetermined value, two or more types of wastes are combined, and the weight ratio between ash and fixed carbon in the obtained waste is adjusted to be a predetermined value or less, compression, carbonization, By performing combustion and melting treatment, stable waste disposal is performed.

Further, the present invention provides a method for producing a carbonaceous fuel, comprising: adding a carbonaceous fuel when the weight ratio of the ash to the fixed carbon in the waste is not less than a predetermined value; By adjusting the weight ratio to be equal to or less than a predetermined value and performing compression, carbonization, combustion, and melting treatment, stable waste treatment is performed. That is, the first invention is a step of compressing waste, a step of heating, drying, pyrolyzing, and carbonizing the obtained compression molded product, and a step of burning the obtained carbonized product and melting ash. And having a weight ratio between the contained ash content and the contained fixed carbon of not more than a certain value, or supplying the waste to the above-described waste compression process, or combining two or more kinds of waste to obtain a waste. A waste treatment method comprising: supplying a waste adjusted such that a weight ratio between ash content and fixed carbon in the material is equal to or less than a predetermined value to the waste compression step.

In a preferred aspect of the first aspect of the present invention, the step of compressing and compressing the waste in batches is a waste compression step, and the obtained compression molded product is charged into a tunnel type heating furnace and dried. , Pyrolysis and carbonization, and charging the resulting carbonized product into a high-temperature reactor, burning and melting the ash, and the weight ratio between the ash content and the fixed carbon content is constant. The following waste is supplied to the above-described waste compression process, or a combination of two or more types of waste, and the weight ratio of ash and fixed carbon in the obtained waste becomes a certain value or less. The waste thus adjusted is supplied to the above-described waste compression step (a preferred embodiment of the first invention).

[0021] In the first invention and the preferred embodiment of the first invention, the waste in which the weight ratio between the ash content and the fixed carbon content is 2.5 or less is supplied to the waste compression step. Or combining two or more types of waste, and supplying the waste adjusted such that the weight ratio of ash to fixed carbon in the obtained waste is 2.5 or less to the waste compression step described above. Is preferred.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, a step of compressing waste, a step of heating, drying, pyrolyzing and carbonizing the obtained compression molded product, and a step of burning the obtained carbonized product to melt ash It is a carbonaceous fuel-added waste that has a process and adds carbonaceous fuel to the waste, and is adjusted so that the weight ratio between the ash content and the fixed carbon in the obtained carbonaceous fuel-added waste is equal to or less than a certain value. A waste disposal method characterized by supplying waste to the waste compression step described above.

In a preferred aspect of the second aspect of the present invention, a waste compressing step of compressing and compressing the waste in a batchwise manner, charging the obtained compression molded product into a tunnel type heating furnace, and drying , Pyrolysis and carbonization, and charging the resulting carbonized product into a high-temperature reactor, burning and melting ash, and adding carbonaceous fuel to waste to obtain carbonaceous material. Waste that is carbonaceous fuel-added waste adjusted so that the weight ratio of ash to fixed carbon in the fuel-added waste is equal to or less than a certain value,
A waste disposal method characterized by supplying the waste to the above-mentioned waste compression step (a preferred embodiment of the second invention).

[0024] In the second aspect of the present invention, in the preferred aspect of the second aspect, the carbonaceous fuel is adjusted so that the weight ratio of the ash in the carbonaceous fuel-added waste to the fixed carbon is 2.5 or less. It is preferable that the waste that is the added waste is supplied to the above-described waste compression step.

[0025]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail. Using the waste treatment equipment shown in Fig. 2 with a waste treatment capacity of 150 t / d, garbage discharged from factories, paper waste generated by offices, plastic waste such as packing materials, and metal waste generated during the production process , And waste such as slag waste.

[0026] In FIG. 2, 15 blowing inlet for combustible gas and oxygen-containing gas, f ₈ shows a blowing direction of the combustible gas and the oxygen-containing gas, each of the other symbols of the same content as Fig. 3 Is shown. As a result of the waste treatment test, a phenomenon in which the gas temperature fluctuates with time in the upper space of the high-temperature reactor 5 was observed.

FIG. 1 shows the above-described waste treatment.
Weight ratio of ash in waste to fixed carbon (hereinafter, “waste [ash / fixed carbon] ratio” ”or“ [ash / fixed carbon]
Ratio) and the upper gas temperature of the high-temperature reactor 5. If the amount of fixed carbon is large and the amount of ash is small, such as waste plastic, the [ash / fixed carbon] ratio is small, and if there is little fixed carbon such as metal waste and slag waste and there are many components that become ash, [Ash / fixed carbon]
The ratio increases.

As shown in FIG. 1, when the [ash / fixed carbon] ratio is small to some extent, the lower temperature of the high-temperature reactor is higher and the upper gas temperature is higher. Conversely, as the [ash / fixed carbon] ratio increases, the lower temperature of the high temperature reactor decreases and the upper gas temperature also decreases. Unless the upper gas temperature of the high-temperature reactor 5 shown in FIG. 1 is maintained at 1200 ° C. or higher, thermal decomposition of hydrocarbon gas and dioxin flowing from the tunnel heating furnace into the high-temperature reactor is not sufficiently performed.

Therefore, the temperature of the upper gas of the high-temperature reactor is 1200
If the temperature is likely to be lower than 0 ° C., a fuel gas such as propane gas is introduced into the lower part of the high-temperature reactor 5 from the combustible gas and oxygen-containing gas inlet 15 shown in FIG. Is going. As a result, as shown in FIG. 1, even when the [ash content / fixed carbon] ratio increases, the temperature of the upper gas in the high-temperature reactor becomes flat at 1200 ° C.

That is, conventionally, when the [ash content / fixed carbon] ratio exceeds 2.5 as shown by the black circle in FIG. 1, the fuel gas has to be introduced into the high temperature reactor 5. In the waste treatment equipment shown in FIG. 2, in order to stably burn and gasify the waste in the high-temperature reactor, the above-mentioned operation status is not the calorific value of the waste to be treated itself,
This indicates that it is preferable to maintain the weight ratio between the amount of ash in the waste and the amount of fixed carbon below a certain value.

In the waste treatment process to which the present invention is directed, the carbonized product of the waste is burned with an oxygen-containing gas, and the metal and mineral components in the carbonized product are melted by the generated heat. Therefore, it is necessary at least that the combustion heat generated in the lower part of the high-temperature reactor 5 shown in FIG. 2 has a heat quantity for melting incombustible substances such as metals and minerals.

FIG. 2 to which the present invention is more suitably applied.
The contents of the present invention will be described using the waste treatment equipment shown in FIG. Carbonized product of waste generated in tunnel heating furnace 4
11 _n is supplied to the combustion / melting zone 6 of the carbonized product at the lower part of the high-temperature reactor 5, and burns by oxygen supplied to the combustion / melting zone 6 from the oxygen-containing gas inlet 13.

The above-mentioned carbonized product 11 _n is obtained by compressing a waste compact into a tunnel type heating furnace 4 in a non-oxidizing atmosphere at a temperature of 60%.
Although it was obtained by heating to about 0 ° C., it was heated to about 800 ° C. at the connection between the tunnel heating furnace 4 and the high-temperature reactor 5 because it received radiant heat from inside the high-temperature reactor. To the high temperature reactor 5. The carbon in the carbonized product supplied to the combustion / melting zone 6 at the lower part of the high-temperature reactor 5 is partially burned by oxygen supplied from the oxygen-containing gas injection port 13 to become carbon monoxide. And recovered as fuel gas.

On the other hand, due to the heat generated by the partial combustion of carbon,
The ash in the carbonized product is melted to form a melt 14 composed of molten slag and molten metal, and is recovered from a melt outlet 14H at the lower part of the high-temperature reactor 5. The above-mentioned waste treatment equipment is a tunnel-type heating furnace and a heating furnace capable of treating waste in a compact facility because the volume efficiency of the waste treatment equipment is high because the waste is compressed. Having both high temperature reactors connected, drying of waste,
Pyrolysis, carbonization, combustion, and melting can be performed in parallel and continuously, and the processing speed is high. As described above, the carbon in the carbonized product can be directly used for melting combustion residues, and can be disposed of. There is an advantage that carbon in materials can be effectively used.

However, in this case, in order to stably maintain the combustion in the high-temperature reactor and to allow the melt to flow out smoothly from the melt discharge port 14H, the temperature of the gas at the lower part of the high-temperature reactor and the temperature of the melt are required. Must be about 1800 ° C. Considering the heat balance under the high temperature reactor under the above conditions, the following equation is obtained.
It looks like (1).

(Partial heat of combustion of carbon in carbonized product to carbon monoxide) − (heat dissipated in furnace body at lower part of high-temperature reactor) ≧ (sensible heat of melt) + (sensible heat of generated gas) − (carbonized product (1) Next, the heat balance of the above equation (1) is calculated based on the following specifications. Amount of waste to be treated by waste treatment facility: W (kg / h) Average ash content of waste: A (wt%) Average fixed carbon content of waste: C (wt%) Furnace heat dissipation (; ratio of furnace heat dissipation to calorific value due to partial combustion of carbon into CO): Q (-) Partial heat of combustion of carbon monoxide to carbon monoxide: 2200 (kcal / kg-C) High temperature reaction Specific heat of gas generated by vessel (mainly CO ₂ ): 0.35 (k
cal / Nm ³ · ° C) Specific heat of the melt: 0.35 (kcal / kg · ° C) W is the dry weight of the waste, and A and C are the values based on the dry weight of the waste.

That is, the above equation (1) is replaced by the following equation (2)
Can be represented by 2200W × C (1-Q) ≧ 0.35 × 1800W × A + (22.4 / 12) × 0.35 × 1800W × C− 0.35 × 800W (A + C) (2) That is, the above equation (1) is obtained by the following equation. It can be expressed by (3). 3.73-6.29 Q ≧ A / C (3) In the above formula (3), the ratio of the ratio of ash to the ratio of fixed carbon in the waste treated by the waste treatment facility is set to a certain value or less. In this way, both the generated gas and the ash melt can be reduced by the amount of heat generated by combustion in the lower part of the high-temperature reactor.
This means that the temperature can be as high as 1800 ° C or higher.

In the above equation (3), Q represents the ratio of the heat dissipated in the furnace corresponding to the calorific value generated in the lower part of the high-temperature reactor, and is therefore a value substantially determined according to the waste treatment equipment. Therefore, according to the operation of the waste treatment facility, as shown in FIG. 1, the upper limit of the A / C of the equation (3) is determined for the gas temperature at the upper part of the high-temperature reactor 5, and the A / C is It is preferable to determine the composition of the waste so as to be less than or equal to the upper limit.

Further, in the case of the waste treatment equipment targeted by the present invention, the equipment having a waste treatment amount of 150 t / d scale exemplified above is the mainstream, and therefore, in the heat balance described above, the numerical value corresponding to Q About 0.2 should be considered. This means that about 20% of the calorific value generated in the lower part of the high-temperature reactor is dissipated as furnace body heat dissipation,
This is because in a normal high-temperature facility, the value is approximately this level.

In the case of equipment design where Q is larger than 0.2, wasteful heat loss is increased, and Q is set to 0.
If the equipment design is much lower than 2, equipment costs for refractories will be too high. For the reasons mentioned above,
If the waste supply method is controlled so that the upper limit of A / C in the above equation (3) is 2.5 or less, the waste can be reduced without using a fuel such as propane gas as in the related art. Can be processed.

Depending on the type of waste to be treated, even if two or more kinds of waste are mixed and treated, the A / C is reduced by 2.5%.
There are cases where the following cannot be done. In that case, A / C can be reduced to 2.5 or less by adding carbonaceous fuel to the waste to be treated. As the carbonaceous fuel in the present invention, any fuel containing fixed carbon, such as waste plastic, coal, coke, charcoal, and timber, can be used, and is not limited to the type.

[0042]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described below more specifically based on examples. The waste disposal amount shown in FIG.
The waste treatment test of the present invention was performed using a waste treatment facility of the / d scale. Hereinafter, this embodiment will be described in the order of [I.] waste treatment equipment and waste treatment method, and [II.] Waste treatment test results.

[I.] Waste treatment equipment and waste treatment method
Method: Tunnel heating in the waste treatment facility shown in Fig. 2
Inlet 4 of furnace 4_EThe cross-sectional shape of the inner wall is: width: 2000mm, height:
It is a rectangle of 500mm, and the entrance 4 of the tunnel heating furnace 4 _EDepartment
Has a configuration in which the compression support plate 3 is inserted from above.
You. From the waste inlet 20 with the compression support plate 3 inserted
After the waste is dropped into the compression device 1,
1000 t / m for Da2^TwoWith a load of
The waste is compression molded.

As a result, the waste is compressed to a volume of about 1/10 between the compression cylinder 2 and the compression support plate 3 to obtain a compression molded product 10a. Obtained compression molded product 10a
Sectional shape is a cross-sectional shape and the same shape, the same size of inlet 4 _E inner wall of a tunnel type heating furnace 4, the inlet 4 _E is sealed by compression molding thereof. After compression, the compression support plate 3 is pulled out upward, and the compression cylinder 2 is further pushed in, whereby the compression molded product 10a obtained above is pushed into the tunnel type heating furnace 4.

By pushing a new compression molded product from the entrance 4 _E of the tunnel heating furnace 4, the compression molded products already loaded in the tunnel heating furnace are sequentially pushed into the tunnel heating furnace 4 and flow through the tunnel heating furnace 4. Move while sliding. In this case, the cross section of the compression molded product and the entrance 4 _E of the tunnel heating furnace 4
Has the same shape and the same dimensions as the inner wall cross section, the outer periphery of the compression-molded product and the inner wall of the tunnel heating furnace are kept in close contact with each other when pushed into the tunnel heating furnace.

The tunnel type heating furnace 4 has a length of 20 m,
The other end of the tunnel heating furnace is connected to a high temperature reactor 5. The inside of the tunnel heating furnace 4 is heated by a gas heater from the outside, and the inner wall surface is heated to about 600 ° C. or more. As a result, the above-mentioned compression-molded product is dried while moving in a tunnel-type heating furnace, and partially thermally decomposed, and finally, carbonized products 11 including carbides such as organic substances, minerals, metals and the like. It becomes _n .

The volume of the obtained carbonized product 11 _n is smaller than that of the compression-molded product 10 a at the entrance 4 _E of the tunnel heating furnace, and moves while receiving pressure from the entrance 4 _E side of the tunnel heating furnace. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, a gap is formed at the upper part on the exit side of the tunnel heating furnace, and at the extrusion port 40 of the carbonization product of the tunnel heating furnace, the carbonized product 11 _n is reacted at a high temperature. It is pushed into the vessel 5.

At the time of being pushed into the high temperature reactor 5,
Carbide product 11 _n since undergoing radiation heat from the high temperature reactor 5 is heated to about 800 ° C.. Carbonized products extruded from the tunnel heating furnace 4 accumulate in the high-temperature reactor 5, and the deposits contain oxygen-containing gas blown from an oxygen-containing gas blowing port 13 provided on the outer periphery of a lower portion of the high-temperature reactor 5. The gas (: pure oxygen) burns and decomposes, and the combustion heat causes the furnace atmosphere temperature below the high-temperature reactor 5 to reach 18
It is maintained at about 00 ° C.

The upper part of the high-temperature reactor 5 is heated at 1200 ° C. to 1350 ° C. by the heat input by the mixed gas of the gas generated in the lower part of the furnace and the pyrolysis gas flowing from inside the tunnel type heating furnace 4 and the heat absorption by the thermal decomposition of the hydrocarbon gas. It is maintained at about ° C. Also,
The vicinity of the gas outlet 52 at the upper part of the high temperature reactor 5 is kept at 1000 ° C. or higher. The residue after combustion and thermal decomposition (: incombustible) melts in the lower part of the furnace.

The molten residue becomes molten metal and molten slag, accumulates on the hearth, and is discharged from the molten material discharge port 14H. Extrusion port for carbonized product at the connection between tunnel heating furnace 4 for supplying carbonized product and high temperature reactor 5 (:
The distance between the height of the lower end of the carbonized product into the high temperature reactor 5) 40 and the height of the gas outlet 52 is 14 m, and the gas and dust generated by heating, burning, and pyrolyzing the carbonized product Is sufficiently burned and decomposed.

[II.] Result of waste treatment test: (Examples 1 to 8) The waste treatment test of the present invention was conducted using the waste treatment equipment shown in FIG. Table 1 shows the properties of the carbonaceous fuel used in the treatment of the treated waste and the waste with a small amount of fixed carbon.

The ash content and the fixed carbon in the present example and comparative examples described below have the following contents. [Ash:] Residue obtained by heating and ashing a 100 ° C dried sample at 815 ± 10 ° C in an air atmosphere based on industrial analysis (JIS M 8812).

[Fixed carbon:] carbon in the sample after keeping the dried sample at 100 ° C. in an oxygen-free state at 600 ° C. for one hour. In this example, as shown in Table 2, waste was treated by the following method. (A) When treating waste having a waste [ash content / fixed carbon] ratio (: A / C) of 2.5 or less: The waste is thrown into the waste inlet 20 alone to be treated (Example 1, Example 2).

(B) Waste [ash / fixed carbon] ratio (: A / C)
If waste exceeds 2.5: (B-1) Multiple types of waste are converted to waste [ash / fixed carbon]
Compounded so that the ratio (: A / C) becomes 2.5 or less, and put into the waste inlet 20 for treatment (Examples 3 and 4).

(B-2) Charcoal fuel (coal, coke) is added to the waste, and the coal is adjusted so that the weight ratio of ash to fixed carbon in the obtained carbonaceous fuel-added waste becomes 2.5 or less. The material-added waste is put into the waste inlet 20 for treatment (Examples 5 to 8). Table 2 shows the upper temperature inside the high-temperature reactor in this example together with the operating conditions. Examples 1 and 2
, The waste (ash / fixed carbon) ratio (: A / C) is 2.
4 and 0.33 wastes were individually charged into the waste inlet 20 and treated without supplying propane gas for heat compensation to the lower part of the high-temperature reactor 5.

As a result, the temperature of the high-temperature reactor upper gas was 12
The temperature could be maintained at 00 ° C or higher. In Examples 3 and 4, the waste (ash content / fixed carbon) ratio (: A / C) was set at 0.
Combine the waste plastics and shredder dust from 03 and 3.4 so that the waste (ash / fixed carbon) ratio (A / C) is 2.5 or less, and simultaneously charge the waste into the waste inlet 20 and lower the high-temperature reactor 5 The processing was performed without supplying the propane gas for heat compensation to the heat treatment.

As a result, the upper gas temperature of the high-temperature reactor was 12
The temperature could be maintained at 00 ° C or higher. In Examples 5 to 8, carbonaceous fuel (coal, coke) was added to slag having an ash content of 100 wt% so that the weight ratio of ash to fixed carbon in the obtained carbonaceous fuel-added waste was 2.5 or less. The adjusted carbonaceous fuel-added waste was charged into the waste inlet 20 and treated without supplying propane gas for heat compensation to the lower part of the high-temperature reactor 5.

As a result, the temperature of the high-temperature reactor upper gas was 12
The temperature could be maintained at 00 ° C or higher.

[0059]

[Table 1]

[0060]

[Table 2]

(Comparative Examples 1 to 5) Using the waste treatment equipment shown in FIG. 2, waste treatment tests shown in Table 1 were conducted in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 8 described above. In this comparative example, as shown in Table 3, the waste was treated by the following method. That is, as in the case of the conventional treatment method, two or three kinds of wastes were simultaneously charged into the waste inlet 20 to be treated.

Table 3 shows the upper temperature inside the high-temperature reactor in this comparative example together with the operating conditions. As shown in Table 3, the waste [ash / fixed carbon] ratio (: A / C) was 4.0, 3.4
, 3.0, it was necessary to supply propane gas for heat compensation in order to maintain the upper temperature in the high-temperature reactor at 1200 ° C. or higher (Comparative Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 5). If the waste [ash / fixed carbon] ratio (: A / C) of 3.0 is treated without supplying propane gas for thermal compensation, the temperature in the high-temperature reactor decreases and the molten material melts. It was difficult to discharge from the material discharge port 14H, and it was necessary to suspend the operation (Comparative Example 4).

[0063]

[Table 3]

[0064]

According to the present invention, not only can the carbonized product of wastes be stably burned and gasified, but also the ash can be stably melted, and the melt discharge port of the melt can be obtained. It was possible to improve the operation rate of waste treatment equipment by performing discharge from wastewater without any problems.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between the weight ratio of ash in waste and fixed carbon (the ratio of waste [ash / fixed carbon]) and the upper gas temperature of a high-temperature reactor in waste treatment.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing a waste treatment facility.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing a waste treatment facility.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Compression apparatus which pressurizes and compresses waste batchwise 2 Compression cylinder 3 Compression support board 4 Tunnel type heating furnace (:) for drying, pyrolysis, and carbonization of compressed waste (: compression molding) furnace) pyrolysis of the 4a compression molded product drying zone 4b compression molded product, carbonized region 4 _E tunnel combustion and melting zone 10a of the inlet 5 hot reactor 6 hydrocarbon product of the heating furnace, 10i compression molded product 11 _i, 11 _n Carbonized compression molded product (: carbonized product) 12 Mixture of carbonized product and combustion residue 13 Oxygen-containing gas inlet 14 Melt 14H Melt outlet 15 Combustible gas and oxygen-containing gas inlet 20 Disposal Material inlet 21 Waste inlet lid 40 Exhaust port for carbonized product in tunnel heating furnace (: Charging product inlet into high-temperature reactor) 50 Emitted gas (: exhaust gas) discharged from high-temperature reactor ) Quenching device 51 Gas purification device 52 High temperature reactor gas Blowing oxygen-containing gas to the outlet 53 the purified gas f ₁ compression molded product in the moving direction f ₂ carbonization product in the movement direction f ₃ tunnel type heating furnace generated by the pyrolysis gas flow direction f ₄ hot reactor at direction blowing combustible gas and oxygen containing gas to the movement of the moving direction f ₅ compression cylinder direction f ₆ compression support plate direction f ₇ waste-on of the opening of the lid rotating direction f ₈ hot reactor

(72) Inventor Fumihiro Miyoshi 2-3-2 Uchisaiwaicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Kawasaki Steel Corporation (72) Inventor Masayasu Fukui 2-3-2 Uchisaiwaicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Kawasaki Steel Co., Ltd. Inside the company (72) Inventor Noboru Yasukawa 2-3-2 Uchisaiwaicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Kawasaki Steel Corporation

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A process for compressing a waste, a step of heating, drying, pyrolyzing, and carbonizing the obtained compression molded product, a step of burning the obtained carbonized product, and a step of melting ash. The waste in which the weight ratio of the contained ash to the contained fixed carbon is equal to or less than a certain value is supplied to the above-described waste compression step, or a combination of two or more kinds of waste, and the resulting waste A waste treatment method comprising: supplying a waste adjusted such that a weight ratio of ash to fixed carbon is equal to or less than a predetermined value in the waste compression step. 2. A waste having a weight ratio of the ash content to the fixed carbon content of 2.5 or less is supplied to the waste compression step, or a combination of two or more wastes is obtained. 2. The waste treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the waste adjusted so that the weight ratio of ash to fixed carbon in the waste to be obtained is 2.5 or less is supplied to the waste compression step. . And a step of heating, drying, pyrolyzing and carbonizing the obtained compression molded product, a step of burning the obtained carbonized product, and a step of melting ash. The carbonaceous fuel-added waste obtained by adding the carbonaceous fuel to the waste and adjusting the weight ratio between the ash content and the fixed carbon in the obtained carbonaceous fuel-added waste to a certain value or less, A waste disposal method, wherein the waste is supplied to the waste compression step. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the weight of the ash in the carbonaceous fuel-added waste to the fixed carbon is adjusted to be 2.5 or less, and the waste as the carbonaceous fuel-added waste is compressed. The waste disposal method according to claim 3, wherein the waste is supplied to a process.