JPH11309999A - Method for transferring curved surface and solid particle injecting apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently transfer a transfer product such as a decorative material or the like having a three-dimensional protrusion and recess surface by giving a transfer pressure without transfer fault such as a deviation wrinkle or the like deviated at a transfer sheet locally in a lateral direction. SOLUTION: The method for transferring a curved surface comprises the steps of opposing a transfer layer side of a transfer sheet S having a support and the transfer layer to a protrusion and recess surface side of a base material B to be transferred, colliding solid particles P accelerated by a rotating impeller with the support side of the sheet S, bringing the sheet S into pressure contact with the material by its collision pressure, and then colliding only the particles P having a colliding angle α of 70 degrees or more of the articles to an envelope surface of the surface to be transferred of the material B to the sheet S in the case of releasing to remove the support. The solid particle injecting apparatuses 10a, 10b apply colliding angle setting members such as shielding plates 3a, 3b or the like for colliding only the particles P for satisfying the above- described angle to injectors 1a, 1b utilizing the impeller.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a curved surface transfer method for producing a transfer product such as a decorative material having a concave-convex decorative surface used for exterior and interior materials of a house, furniture, home electric appliances and the like.
The present invention relates to a solid particle ejection device used for the device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, decorative boards having decorations such as pictures on a substrate surface of the decorative board by a direct printing method, a laminating method, a transfer method or the like have been used for various purposes. In this case, if the surface of the base material is flat, the decoration of the picture can be easily made, but the decoration of the pattern is applied to the uneven surface by a special device. For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-139097 proposes a curved surface transfer method applicable to a case where the surface unevenness is a three-dimensional unevenness such as an embossed shape (ie, a shape having a curvature in two directions like a hemispherical surface). I have. That is, the publication is a type of roller transfer method, which uses a thermoplastic resin film as a support of a transfer sheet, and provides a transfer sheet having a structure in which a release layer, a pattern layer, and an adhesive layer are sequentially provided on the support. Is placed on a substrate having an uneven surface, and has a rubber hardness of 60 from the back surface of the support.
Press with a rubber heat roller of less than ° to transfer the picture and make it a decorative board.

[0003]

However, in the conventional method based on the roller transfer method as described above, since the surface irregularities are basically followed by utilizing the elastic deformation of the rotating heat roller by rubber, a shallow embossed shape is required. Etc. are good,
It cannot be applied to large surface irregularities, and the transfer sheet has poor followability of irregularities. Further, the transfer speed cannot be increased, and the productivity is poor.
In addition, the soft rubber roller is liable to be worn by the corners of the unevenness of the transfer-receiving substrate. In addition, there is a problem that the substrate is limited to a flat substrate as a whole.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to transfer to a large three-dimensional uneven surface, achieve high productivity, do not require a specially shaped jig for pressing the transfer pressure, and wear the rubber roller and other parts. An object of the present invention is to provide a curved surface transfer method that does not require replacement.

[0005]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the curved surface transfer method according to the present invention employs, as a means for pressing a transfer sheet including a support and a transfer layer against a transfer-receiving substrate by pressing the transfer sheet. Solid particles collided with the support side of the transfer sheet, and the collision pressure was used. That is, the transfer layer side of the transfer sheet including the support and the transfer layer was opposed to the uneven surface side of the transfer-receiving substrate having the uneven surface, and accelerated by the rotating impeller on the support side of the transfer sheet. The transfer particles are pressed against the uneven surface of the substrate to be transferred by using the collision pressure by colliding the solid particles, and after the transfer layer is bonded to the substrate to be transferred, the support of the transfer sheet is peeled off. By that
The transfer layer was transferred to a substrate to be transferred. In addition, the solid particles that collide with the transfer sheet are formed by using the collision pressure of only solid particles having a collision angle of 70 degrees or more with the envelope surface of the transfer-receiving substrate. As a result, it has become possible to sufficiently transfer and transfer the transfer sheet to a large three-dimensional uneven surface. Moreover, in the present invention,
The collision angle of the solid particles is limited to a range from a vertical collision (collision angle of 90 degrees) to the envelope surface of the transfer surface to 70 degrees, and the solid particles that collide with the transfer surface obliquely are eliminated by obliquely colliding the transfer surface. "Wrinkling" that occurs when the transfer sheet shifts laterally on the transfer surface due to the kinetic energy of the particles
The kinetic energy of the solid particles was reliably given as the collision pressure while suppressing the occurrence of the transfer, thereby ensuring the conformability of the transfer sheet. Therefore, transfer failure is prevented, and excellent productivity can be obtained.

The solid particle ejecting apparatus of the present invention is an apparatus which can be used for performing the above-mentioned curved surface transfer method, and includes a particle acceleration means for accelerating the solid particles by an impeller, and a solid particle colliding with the transfer sheet. And a collision angle setting means for setting only the solid particles having a collision angle of 70 ° or more with the envelope surface of the transfer-receiving surface of the transfer-receiving substrate.

[0007]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments of a curved surface transfer method and a solid particle ejection apparatus according to the present invention will be described.

[Solid Particles] Solid particles include non-metallic inorganic particles such as glass beads, ceramic beads, calcium carbonate beads, alumina beads, zirconia beads, alundum beads, corundum beads, etc.
Iron or carbon steel, iron alloys such as stainless steel, aluminum, or aluminum alloys such as duralumin, titanium,
Metal particles such as metal beads such as zinc, or organic particles such as resin beads such as fluororesin beads, nylon beads, silicone resin beads, urethane resin beads, urea resin beads, phenol resin beads, crosslinked rubber beads, or metals And inorganic / resin composite particles composed of an inorganic particle and a resin. The shape is preferably spherical, but spheroidal, polyhedral, scaly, amorphous, and other shapes can also be used. The particle size of the solid particles is usually about 10 to 1000 μm.

The solid particles can also serve as a heating means and a cooling means. When heated solid particles are used, the activation of the adhesive by heating and the promotion of crosslinking and curing thereof, or the improvement of the stretchability by heating the transfer sheet can be performed together with the pressing of the transfer sheet. In this case, the transfer sheet and the substrate to be transferred may be heated to some extent by another heating method before the application of the collision pressure. The heated solid particles can also be used to maintain the temperature of the already heated transfer sheet, substrate to be transferred, and the like. On the other hand, solid particles having a temperature lower than the temperature of the adhesive at the time of bonding can be used as the cooling solid particles for the purpose of promoting cooling after bonding. The solid particles may be used in combination with a part or all of the solid particles as heated solid particles or cooled solid particles, or after the heated solid particles collide with the cooled solid particles. In addition, the transfer sheet, the base material to be transferred, the adhesive, etc., which need to be heated by another heating method, are sufficiently heated, and the cooling solid particles are used for the formation, adhesion and cooling of the transfer sheet. It can be done at the same time. In order to heat or cool the solid particles, when storing the solid particles in a tank in the form of a hopper or the like, heating means using an electric heater, heated steam, a refrigerant, etc., provided in the tank or on the outer wall of the tank, cooling means You can do it in
Further, these means may be provided on the outer wall of the solid particle transport pipe, and heating or cooling may be performed in the transport pipe.

[Application of Collision Pressure by Solid Particles under the Condition of Collision Angle] In order to cause the solid particles to collide with the transfer sheet to apply the collision pressure and press the transfer sheet against the substrate to be transferred, the solid particles are ejected. A large number of solid particles are continuously ejected toward a transfer sheet from an ejector as a solid particle ejection means, and an impact pressure is applied to the transfer sheet. A large number of solid particles collide with the transfer sheet as solid particles. As described above, the transfer method using the solid particle collision pressure to apply the transfer pressure has already been disclosed by the present applicant in JP-A-9-315095, JP-A-10-86600, JP-A-10-95200, and the like. It was disclosed as. Note that, in the inventions disclosed in these publications, a blowing nozzle is employed in the solid particle blowing device.

By the way, as the jetting device, a blowing nozzle used in the blasting field can be used, but in the present invention, an impeller used in the blasting field such as sand blasting, shot blasting, shot peening and the like is used. adopt. An example is a centrifugal blast device. The centrifugal blast device accelerates and ejects solid particles by the rotational force of the impeller. The impeller based on the impeller is a means for accelerating the solid particles using the impeller as a particle accelerating means. In principle, the ejection direction of the solid particles does not spread so much in the direction of the impeller rotation axis, and is orthogonal to the rotation axis. Tend to spread. Therefore,
When the transfer sheet and the base material to be transferred are made to collide while being conveyed, there is an advantage that a collision pressure can be applied to a wide area, such as the entire width, even with a single ejector, depending on the width. On the other hand, in the same blasting field, the blowing nozzle used as a pressure-type or suction-type blasting device, or a wet blasting device, has a generally uniform and isotropic spread of ejected solid particles in any direction. However, the spread is less than in the case of the impeller by the impeller. Therefore, it is necessary to use more ejectors for the collision pressure application area of the same area. Further, in the blowing nozzle, gas (or liquid) is used as a solid particle accelerating fluid for accelerating the solid particles. Therefore, when the solid particles collide in the chamber to prevent the solid particles from leaking into the surrounding space, the fluid is also contained in the chamber. Will flow in. It is preferable that the pressure in the chamber be a negative pressure in order to prevent leakage of the solid particles. However, the use of the solid particle accelerating fluid affects the pressure balance in the chamber. For example, the gas needs to be exhausted accordingly. Further, in the blowing nozzle, it is necessary to pressurize the solid particle accelerating fluid (or as a mixed system with the solid particles).
Accordingly, the transfer device also has characteristics such as the need for a pressurizing facility for the solid particle accelerating fluid (or as a mixed system with the solid particles) and an exhaust facility in consideration of the inflow amount in the blowing nozzle.

FIG. 1 shows solid particles P ejected from a single ejector 1 of the type in which solid particles are accelerated by a rotating impeller.
FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram showing a state in which the sheet collides with a transfer sheet S on a substrate B to be transferred. In FIG. 1, the ejector 1, the base material B to be transferred, and the transfer sheet S relatively move in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface. Therefore, the width direction of the transfer-receiving substrate B is the left-right direction in the drawing. The transfer base material B and the transfer sheet S move integrally. Then, the solid particles P are ejected from the ejector 1 with a divergence angle substantially downward in the vertical direction,
The solid particles are ejected toward the transfer sheet S (in the drawing, broken lines indicate tracks of solid particles, and arrows with broken lines indicate vectors indicating the flying directions of solid particles). However, the direction of the solid particles colliding with the transfer sheet inside the region is not always from the completely same direction, and colliding obliquely around the region, the collision pressure decreases. That is, the collision angle α of the transfer-receiving surface of the transfer-receiving substrate with respect to the envelope surface decreases.

The collision angle α (projection angle) is, as exemplified in FIG. 1, specifically, a tangent plane of the envelope surface of the transfer-receiving surface of the transfer-receiving substrate (here, since the transfer-receiving surface is a flat surface, The tangent plane is completely the same as the envelope surface because the envelope surface is also a plane), and is the angle formed by the velocity vector of the solid particles.

Further, depending on the spread of the solid particles P ejected from the ejector, the solid particles P collide with a partial area of the transfer sheet,
The collision speed is not always the same inside the area. Therefore, the collision pressure distribution P as shown in FIG.
(X) occurs (where x is the coordinate in the width direction of the substrate to be transferred). Further, the projection density (total weight of solid particles colliding per unit area of the base material to be transferred) also varies depending on the location, and the projection density distribution becomes smaller around the area. It becomes a bell-shaped distribution like the above-mentioned collision pressure distribution P (x) (FIG. 1).
reference). When the projection density is low, even if the collision pressure due to the collision of each solid particle is sufficient, it cannot be applied continuously, so the transfer sheet cannot quickly follow the uneven surface and cannot be molded, resulting in excellent productivity. Cannot be obtained, and the unevenness followability is also reduced. The allowable minimum collision pressure Pmin, which is the minimum necessary collision pressure, is the formability based on the stretchability of the transfer sheet, the size of the irregularities of the transfer-receiving substrate, the density and ejection speed of the solid particles,
It depends on the transfer conditions such as the required collision angle and projection density. Therefore, the effective pressurization area where an effective collision pressure is obtained is
It is actually smaller inside the area where the solid particles collide. In FIG. 1 representatively displayed in the width direction, the collision pressure distribution P (x) ≧
The width W of the effective pressurizing area where the allowable minimum collision pressure Pmin is satisfied
p is smaller than the width Wb of the substrate to be transferred. Therefore, in such a case, in this case, in one ejector, transfer failure occurs due to insufficient collision pressure in a part of the width direction.

[0015] Even if the collision pressure is too high, problems may occur. This is, for example, distortion of the transfer sheet, deformation or breakage of the substrate to be transferred. In such a case, there is an allowable maximum collision pressure Pmax which is the maximum allowable collision pressure. Therefore, in such a case, as shown in FIG. 1, the density and the density of the solid particles are such that the collision pressure distribution P (x) falls within the range of the maximum allowable collision pressure Pmax or lower and the minimum allowable collision pressure Pmin or higher. The ejection speed, the direction and the spread angle of the solid particles ejected from the ejector are adjusted.

When the width of the base material to be transferred is smaller than the width of the effective pressurized area as shown in FIG. 2A, the collision pressure can be applied as the transfer pressure without any problem. Further, when the width of the substrate to be transferred becomes wider and the width of the substrate to be transferred is substantially equal to the width of the effective pressing area as shown in FIG. Collision occurs, the projection density decreases, and the irregularity followability deteriorates. In addition, a force due to the collision pressure is applied to the transfer sheet in a direction along the tangent plane of the envelope surface (horizontal direction in the figure), and the transfer sheet is stretched on the surface to be transferred, and is displaced to cause wrinkles. Easy to do. Further, when the width of the transferred base material is further increased and the width of the transferred base material is wider than the effective pressing region width as shown in FIG. 2C, the state as shown in FIG. 1 is obtained. In the vicinity of both ends, wrinkles are likely to occur (see reference numerals 6a and 6b in FIG. 14), and sufficient pressure is no longer obtained on both sides to make transfer impossible. In this case, if the output of the ejector is increased and the collision pressure distribution P (x) is raised as a whole,
The collision pressure on both sides is equal to or higher than the allowable minimum collision pressure Pmin.
However, this time, the collision pressure at the center exceeds the maximum permissible collision pressure Pmax, causing the above-described inconvenience.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2C, when one jetting device cannot cover the entire width direction of the transfer surface of the substrate to be transferred, a plurality of jetting devices share the width direction. Responsible for
It is preferable that an appropriate collision pressure be applied to the entire width. However, if possible, it is easier to cover the number of ejectors with, for example, one ejector without increasing the number of ejectors. For example, a method of enlarging the size of the impeller of the ejector, enlarging the opening through which solid particles coming out of the impeller emerge, or moving the ejector away from the transfer sheet [FIG.
(D). To some extent, such a method is also possible. However, there is a limit to the enlargement of the opening and the size of the impeller, and the method of moving the ejector away from the transfer sheet is basically the same as the total amount of solid particles ejected from the ejector. If the width is increased, the projection density is reduced, so that the projection density is affected and the transfer speed is reduced, which may lower the productivity. Therefore, in such a case, a plurality of ejectors will be used.

As described above, it is efficient to make the solid particles from one ejector collide with a large area as much as possible. In the inner peripheral portion, the solid particles collide obliquely. Although oblique collision has advantages as described later, it also has disadvantages. One of them is that the transfer sheet is shifted laterally,
"Wrinkling" may occur and transfer failure may occur (see reference numerals 6a and 6b in FIG. 14). Therefore, in the transfer using the solid particle collision pressure, it is necessary to consider not only the effective pressurization area but also the defect due to the oblique collision. For this reason, when using an impeller to accelerate the solid particles, it is necessary to consider the effective pressurized area because the ejected solid particles have a spread, especially in the outer part in the collision area. Since the collision angle is reduced, it is necessary to efficiently apply the collision pressure while preventing the occurrence of wrinkles in consideration of the defect due to the oblique collision.

Therefore, in the curved surface transfer method of the present invention, FIG.
As shown in the conceptual diagram, only the solid particles P whose collision angle α of the transfer-receiving surface of the transfer-receiving substrate B with respect to the envelope surface is 70 degrees or more collide with the transfer sheet S (of the portion to be transferred). You do it. By setting the collision angle α to 70 degrees or more, transfer can be efficiently performed by applying an effective collision pressure while preventing transfer failure due to wrinkling. The projection density distribution D (x) of the solid particles colliding with the substrate to be transferred (actually, the transfer sheet) has a bell-shaped distribution in order to prevent the solid particles having a collision angle of less than 70 degrees from colliding as shown in FIG. Has no distribution.

[Solid Particle Ejecting Apparatus] The solid particle ejecting apparatus of the present invention provides a solid particle
A device provided with a collision angle setting means for setting only the solid particles having a collision angle of 70 ° or more to the envelope surface of the transfer-receiving surface of the transfer-receiving substrate together with the particle acceleration means for accelerating the solid particles by an impeller. . The collision angle setting means may be means provided in the ejector itself having the particle accelerating means, or may regulate the solid particles coming out of the ejector so that the collision angle α of the colliding solid particles is 70 degrees. Means for achieving the above may be used. For example, in the case of the latter, an ejector using an impeller and solid particles spreading from the ejector and ejecting at a collision angle of less than 70 degrees are separated from the ejector on the transfer sheet to collide with the ejector. In addition, a shielding plate is provided as a collision angle setting means so as to shield solid particles having a collision angle of less than 70 so as not to collide with the transfer sheet. Therefore, the solid particle ejection device is constituted at least by an ejector (which also ejects solid particles having a collision angle of less than 70) and a shielding plate as collision angle setting means.

Therefore, a case where a plurality of solid particle jetting devices of the present invention, each including a jetting device and the above-mentioned shielding plate as collision angle setting means, will be described. Unless otherwise specified, when simply referred to as an ejector, it refers to an object that does not include a collision angle setting device, and when referred to as a solid particle ejection device, the present invention includes a collision angle setting device. Refers to the device.

FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram in the case where a plurality of ejectors share the width direction so that an appropriate collision pressure is applied to the entire width. In the figure, two ejectors 1a and 1b share and take over the entire width of the substrate B to be transferred. Each ejector has a region on the inside where the collision angle α is an appropriate collision angle of 70 degrees or more. In addition, on both sides, there are projection portions of solid particles that give an inappropriate collision angle (less than 70 degrees), of which the side of the substrate to be transferred (the side closer to the center in FIG. 4) is the poorly projected portion. 2a and 2b. Therefore, in one embodiment of the solid particle ejection device of the present invention, as shown in the conceptual diagrams of FIGS. 5A and 5B, shielding plates 3a and 3b are provided in the defective projection portions 2a and 2b, respectively. This shielding plate is a collision angle setting means. Therefore, the ejector 1a and the shielding plate 3a
This constitutes one solid particle ejection device 10a of the present invention. In addition, the projection portion of the solid particles having a collision angle of less than 70 can be formed on both the left and right sides of the ejector, but only the defective projection portion on the inner side of the transfer substrate needs to be shielded by the shielding plate (the outer portion). Solid particles are not required for transfer). As shown in the drawing, the solid particles ejected from the ejector to the defective projection portion are blocked by the shielding plate and do not go to the substrate to be transferred. As a result, the solid particles that collide with the transfer sheet S are only solid particles having a collision angle α of 70 degrees or more. The solid particles P shielded by the shielding plate are:
In the case of the figure, the shielding plate is flat and has a low inclined surface on the outside, so that it falls down on the shielding plate and falls from the end. Therefore, the edge of the shielding plate extends to the outside of the edge of the transfer substrate so that the dropped solid particles do not fall on the transfer substrate. When the transfer sheet S is wider than the base material to be transferred and does not drop solid particles on the transfer sheet, the end of the shielding plate may be extended to the outside of the end of the transfer sheet. In this figure, for convenience of explanation, of all solid particles P,
Only those after being shielded by the shielding plate are shown enlarged.
Other solid particles are not shown.

In this case, the solid particle ejection device 10a
And 10b, when the shielding plates are arranged as shown in FIGS. 5 (A) and 5 (B), the ends on the center side of the shielding plates 3a and 3b interfere with each other, so that the ejector 1a of each solid particle ejection device is 1b is preferably shifted from the transfer direction of the base material B as shown in FIG. In the case of the ejection guides described below, there is no need to remove the solid particle ejection device at this point as long as they do not interfere with each other. In addition, the shape drawn as the collision area 5 in FIG.
It is intended to conceptually show the degree of spread of the solid particles ejected from the surface, and does not conceptually show the shape of the area actually colliding in a plan view (reference numerals 5a and 5b in FIG. 14).
reference). Also, needless to say, in these solid particle ejecting apparatuses, the effective pressurized area where the collision angle α is 70 degrees or more is made to partially overlap in the transfer substrate transfer direction.

Although not shown, the collision angle setting means is provided with a cover that opens an opening through which the solid particles fly out and covers the periphery of the impeller at other portions, and faces outward from the opening of the cover. And set the spout guide in a horn shape,
The solid particles having a collision angle of less than 70 may be regulated by, for example, being reflected on a wall surface in a direction having a collision angle of 70 or more. By the ejection guide, the ejection direction of the solid particles ejected from the ejector is narrowed, and the solid particles after passing through the ejection guide can be only the solid particles having a collision angle of 70 or more.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.

[Ejector: Impeller] The ejector described here is used in combination with the collision angle setting means in the solid particle ejection apparatus of the present invention, and uses an impeller as particle acceleration means for accelerating the solid particles. This is a means that forms the core of the solid particle ejection device.

FIGS. 6 to 8 show conceptual diagrams of an example of an impeller which can be used as a means for accelerating solid particles in an ejector. These correspond to centrifugal blasting devices used in the blasting field. In the drawing, the impeller 812 is
A plurality of blades 813 are fixed on both sides by two side plates 814, and the center of rotation is a hollow portion 81 having no blades 813.
It is 5. Further, a direction controller 816 is provided inside the hollow portion 815. The direction controller 816 has an opening 817 that is partially open in the circumferential direction, has a hollow cylindrical shape, and has the same rotation axis as the rotation axis of the impeller 812, and rotates independently of the impeller. It is free. When using the impeller, the opening of the direction controller is fixed so as to face an appropriate direction, and the ejection direction of the solid particles is adjusted. Further, inside the directional controller, another impeller having a hollow inside and the same rotation axis as the rotation axis of the impeller 812 is provided as a sprayer 818 (see FIG. 8). The spreader 818 rotates with the outer impeller 812. A rotation shaft 819 is fixed to the center of rotation of the side plate 814, and the rotation shaft 819 has a bearing 820.
A rotary power source such as an electric motor that is rotatably supported by a motor (not shown)
, And the impeller 812 rotates. The rotating shaft 819 does not penetrate between the two side plates 814 having the blades 813 therebetween, and forms a space without a shaft. Then, the solid particles P are supplied into the sprayer 818 from a hopper or the like through a transport pipe. Usually, the solid particles are supplied from above (directly above or obliquely above) the impeller. The solid particles supplied into the sprayer are scattered outward by the impeller of the sprayer. The scattered solid particles are emitted only in the direction allowed by the opening 817 of the direction controller 816 and supplied between the blades 813 of the outer impeller 812. Then, it collides with the blade 813 and the impeller 812
It is accelerated by the rotational force of the gas and squirts from the impeller.

The ejection direction of the solid particles is shown in FIGS.
In FIG. 10 (B), it may be in a horizontal direction or a diagonally downward direction (not shown). FIG.
(A) and FIG. 9 (B) show the opening 81 of the direction controller 816.
FIGS. 9A and 9B are conceptual diagrams of ejection direction control for adjusting the ejection direction of solid particles from the setting of the direction 7 (the direction controllers are fixed at the illustrated positions in FIGS. 9A and 9B). Note that the direction controller 816 can also adjust the ejection amount of the solid particles by adjusting the size of the opening in the circumferential direction and the width direction. Note that, in FIG.
Reference numeral 9 denotes a configuration that is only outside the side plate 814 and does not penetrate to the hollow portion 815. In addition, a rotating shaft smaller than the diameter of the hollow portion may penetrate into the hollow portion, or solid particles may be formed on the outer periphery. A configuration may be adopted in which the inside of a hollow cylindrical rotary shaft provided with a through-hole is formed as a hollow portion (not shown). The shape of the blade 813 is typically a rectangular flat plate (a rectangular parallelepiped) as shown in FIGS.
It is also possible to use a propeller type such as a screw propeller, etc., which is selected according to the application and purpose. The number of blades is selected from a plurality of blades, usually up to a maximum of about ten blades.
By the combination of the shape, number, rotation speed, and the mass and supply speed and supply direction of the solid particles, the opening size and direction of the direction controller, the ejection direction of the accelerated solid particles, the ejection speed, Adjust the projection density, ejection angle, etc.

FIG. 10 is a conceptual diagram showing another example of the impeller. The impeller 812a shown in the drawing has a structure in which a plurality of flat blades 813a are fixed on both sides by two side plates 814a. Usually, the solid particles P are supplied from above (directly above or obliquely above) the impeller. Also, the side plate 81
4a also regulates the ejection direction in the width direction with respect to the rotating shaft 819a. By adjusting the shape, the number, the rotation speed, the mass of the solid particles, the supply speed and the supply direction of the impellers, the direction of the ejection (spout) of the accelerated solid particles, the ejection speed, the projection density, the ejection diffusion angle, etc. are adjusted. . The ejection direction of the solid particles can be vertically downward (not shown), horizontal (FIG. 10), obliquely downward (not shown), or the like.

Further, the impellers such as the above-mentioned impellers 812, 812a are further provided with an ejection guide (not shown) for opening only a portion for ejecting and ejecting solid particles and covering the periphery of the other impellers, if necessary. Provision of the solid particle ejecting direction makes it possible to control the ejecting direction of the solid particles such as aligning the ejecting direction of the solid particles. The shape of the opening of the ejection guide is, for example, a hollow cylindrical shape, a polygonal column shape, a conical shape, a polygonal pyramid shape, a fish tail shape, or the like. The ejection guide may have a single opening. The jetting guide is an example of the collision angle setting means in the present invention. The solid particle ejection device of the present invention can be configured without the ejection guide, for example, by using the above-mentioned shielding plate as the collision angle setting means.

The dimensions of the impellers such as the impellers 812 and 812a are usually about 5 to 60 cm in diameter, and the width of the impeller is 5 to 20 c.
m, the length of the impeller is about the diameter of the impeller, and the rotation speed of the impeller is about 500-5000 [rpm]. The ejection speed of the solid particles is about 10 to 50 [m / s], and the projection density (total weight of the solid particles to be collided per unit area of the base material) is about 10 to 150 [kg / m ² ].

The material of the impeller blades may be appropriately selected from ceramics, metals such as steel, high chromium cast steel, titanium, and titanium alloy. Since the solid particles are accelerated upon contact with the blade, it is preferable to use a high chromium cast steel or ceramic having good wear resistance for the blade.

[Collision Pressure Application Mode] In addition, it is not always necessary to make the collision pressure uniform in the collision area.
For example, the peak pressure distribution is set such that the central portion in the width direction perpendicular to the transfer direction of the transfer sheet has the maximum collision pressure, and the collision pressure decreases toward both ends in the width direction (see FIG. 1). The pressure contact is made to proceed in a stepwise manner from the center toward both sides to prevent air from being trapped inside. It is needless to say that the collision pressure is within a proper pressure range that is equal to or higher than the pressure at which the transfer can be completely performed and is equal to or lower than the pressure at which the transfer sheet is not deformed, the base material to be transferred is not deformed or damaged. Adjusting the collision pressure depends on the speed of the solid particles,
Number of solid particles colliding per unit area and time, 1
It is adjusted by controlling the mass and projection density of the particles. Among these, in the case of an ejector using an impeller, the speed of the solid particles is adjusted by adjusting the rotation speed of the impeller, the diameter of the impeller, and the like.

[Collision Direction of Solid Particles According to Shape of Substrate to be Transferred] The collision angle is basically a vertical collision of 90 degrees. However, deliberately shifting the collision angle from 90 degrees,
The oblique collision may be performed within the range of the collision angle of 70 degrees or more.
Alternatively, the vertical collision and the oblique collision may be used together. The oblique collision may be a combination of a plurality of oblique collisions from different directions. The oblique collision is for improving the utilization efficiency of the kinetic energy of the solid particles to the collision pressure even on a slope from the convex portion to the concave portion of the surface to be transferred (particularly a vertical surface which is hard to apply a collision pressure in a vertical collision). is there. Although the efficiency of using the collision pressure on the surface (tangent plane) horizontal to the envelope surface is somewhat sacrificed, the part where the collision pressure is too small is eliminated on the whole of the uneven transfer surface, and an average sufficient collision is achieved. It is possible to apply pressure. Such an oblique collision is employed depending on the uneven shape such as the presence or absence of a vertical surface on the transfer surface. Also, for example,
When the collision pressure is applied while the transfer substrate is being conveyed, and the envelope surface of the transfer surface of the transfer substrate (the cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the conveyance direction) is a circular cylindrical convex curved surface. For example, among a plurality of solid particle ejecting devices, each solid particle ejecting device mainly deals with an individual collision surface (tangent plane of a convex curved surface),
It is preferable to arrange the solid particle ejection device so that the solid particles collide substantially perpendicularly, with the direction of the envelope normal to the adjacent surface of the substrate to be transferred. However, the direction of the solid particle ejection device does not necessarily need to be perpendicular to the side surface of the transfer sheet support. Further, a large number of solid particle ejection devices may be provided, and some of the solid particle ejection devices may be stopped depending on the substrate to be transferred.

[Practical Use of Solid Particle Impact Pressure] When transferring using solid particles, it is preferable that the solid particles be recycled without being scattered in the surrounding atmosphere. That is, for this purpose, the transfer pressure is preferably applied by causing the solid particles to collide with the transfer sheet in a chamber (isolation chamber) that separates the collision space for pressing the transfer pressure due to the solid particle collision pressure from the surrounding space. The support may be peeled off the chamber. The ejected solid particles are collected and reused.

[Substrate to be Transferred] The substrate to be transferred in the present invention can of course be applied even if the surface to be transferred is flat, but the present invention exhibits its true value when the surface to be transferred is an uneven surface. In particular, it is a transferred substrate whose irregularities are three-dimensional. In the present invention, in order to utilize the collision pressure of a group of solid particles that can behave fluidly, two-dimensional irregularities having irregularities in only one direction such as only in the feed direction or only in the width direction, both in the feed direction and in the width direction The present invention can be applied to three-dimensional unevenness having unevenness in two directions. For example, an uneven surface as shown in the perspective view of FIG. The surface irregularities in the drawing are, for example, stone-like irregularities. The uneven shape has a step of 1 to 10 mm and a width of the concave of 1 to 1
0 mm, and the width of the convex portion is 5 mm or more. Also,
The unevenness as shown in the figure may be a large-sized unevenness, and an uneven surface having fine unevenness superimposed on the large-sized unevenness may be used. Further, a substrate to be transferred having a surface to be transferred to the bottom of the concave portion or the inner side surface of the concave portion on the uneven surface is also possible. In addition, the substrate to be transferred may be not only a plate material (envelope surface shape) as a whole but also a substrate having a two-dimensional unevenness whose cross section is convex or concave in an arc shape and curved in the feeding direction or width direction. The curved surface may have finer three-dimensional surface irregularities. In the present invention, it is possible to arbitrarily determine whether to transfer the two-dimensional irregularities such as the arc shape of the base material to be transferred, for example, in the width direction or in the feed direction, in consideration of workability and the like.

It is also possible to use a substrate to be transferred having an irregular surface having fine irregularities superimposed on large irregularities, or a substrate having a surface to be transferred to the bottom of the concave portion or the inner surface of the concave portion of the irregular surface. . Specific examples of the uneven pattern of the decorative material having a combination of large and small irregularities and fine irregularities and having three-dimensional surface irregularities include, for example, tiles and bricks having joints and grooves as large irregularities. , Stones and other two-dimensional array patterns, on which there are fine irregularities such as stucco-like, lysine-like, etc. spray-painted surfaces, granite cleavage surfaces and stone surface irregularities such as travertine marble plates Joints, grooves, as stone-like uneven patterns or large uneven patterns
A woodgrain-like uneven pattern having a siding pattern, a floating woodgrain pattern having sashimi, sane (real), and the like, and a fine groove thereon having a conduit groove, a raised annual ring, a hairline, and the like. In addition, each surface which forms the uneven surface is not limited to a flat surface, may be a curved surface alone, or may be a combination of a flat surface and a curved surface. Therefore, the curved surface on the substrate to be transferred according to the present invention also means a concavo-convex surface having no curved surface composed of only a plurality of flat surfaces, such as a tooth profile of a clog. Further, the curvature in the present invention includes a case where the curvature is infinite (the radius of curvature = 0) which is angular like the periphery of a side or a vertex of a cube. In order to make the surface of the substrate to be transferred into a desired unevenness, a pressing process, an embossing process, an extrusion process, a cutting process, a forming process, or the like may be used.

The material of the substrate to be transferred is arbitrary.
Non-porcelain ceramic plates such as calcium silicate plate, extruded cement plate, slag cement plate, ALC (lightweight cellular concrete) plate, GRC (glass fiber reinforced concrete) plate, pulp cement plate, wood veneer, etc. Wood plywood, particle board, glued laminated wood, wood board such as wood medium density fiber board (MDF), metal board such as iron, aluminum, copper, ceramics such as ceramics and glass, polypropylene, ABS resin, phenol resin, etc. A resin molded product may be used. In addition, these transfer substrate surfaces, in advance,
An easy-adhesion primer for assisting the adhesion with the adhesive or a sealer for sealing and sealing fine irregularities and porosity on the surface may be applied. A resin such as an isocyanate, a two-part curable urethane resin, an epoxy resin, an acrylic resin, or a vinyl acetate resin is applied as an easy-adhesion primer or a sealer.

[Transfer Sheet] The transfer sheet is composed of a support and a transfer layer which transfers and transfers. The transfer layer comprises at least a decorative layer. Further, the adhesive may be formed on the transfer sheet as an adhesive layer that becomes a part of the transfer layer. In addition,
Even if a large number of small holes are formed in the entire surface of the transfer sheet, if necessary, the entire surface of the transfer sheet may be perforated to make it easier to remove the residual air trapped between the surface of the substrate to be transferred and the transfer sheet. good.

(Support) If the substrate to be transferred has a two-dimensional uneven surface, a paper or the like having no stretchability can be used as the support, but the three-dimensional uneven surface where the present invention shows its true value can be used. For application, a stretchable support is used at least at the time of transfer. Therefore, in addition to a conventionally known thermoplastic resin film, a rubber film that can be stretched even at normal temperature can be used as the support. In the case of a thermoplastic resin film, when forming a transfer layer such as a decorative layer, there is almost no stretchability, and during transfer, a sufficient stretchability is exhibited by heating, and after cooling, the deformed shape is maintained, and the shape due to elasticity is maintained. As a transfer sheet that does not cause restoration, a transfer sheet that can be used in the present invention can be prepared as easily as a conventionally known ordinary transfer sheet. As a specific example of the support, in terms of stretchability, even a biaxially stretched polyethylene terephthalate film, which has been widely used in the past, can provide necessary and sufficient stretchability by setting heating conditions, collision pressure conditions, and the like, depending on the surface unevenness. Since it can be expressed, curved surface transfer is possible. However, preferred supports that easily exhibit stretchability at lower temperature and pressure are, for example, ethylene terephthalate / isophthalate copolymer polyester, thermoplastic polyester resin such as polybutylene terephthalate, polypropylene, polyethylene, polymethylpentene, Ethylene-propylene-butene terpolymer, polyolefin resin such as olefin-based thermoplastic elastomer, vinyl chloride resin, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer,
Ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, acrylic resin,
A resin film (sheet) made of a single layer or different layers of a polyamide resin, a natural rubber, a synthetic rubber, a urethane-based thermoplastic elastomer, or the like, alone or as a mixture can be used. These resin films are preferably low stretched or unstretched. For example, specifically, a polypropylene-based thermoplastic elastomer film is one of the supports that are excellent in stretching properties, do not generate hydrochloric acid gas during waste combustion, and are environmentally friendly. The thickness of the support is usually 20 to 20.
0 μm.

The support may be provided with a release layer as a component of the support, if necessary, on the transfer layer side to improve the releasability from the transfer layer. When the support is peeled off, the release layer is peeled off from the transfer layer as a part of the support.
As the release layer, for example, a simple substance such as a silicone resin, a melamine resin, a polyamide resin, a urethane resin, a polyolefin resin, a wax, or a mixture containing these is used. Further, in order to adjust the releasability, the surface of the support on the transfer layer side may be subjected to corona treatment, ozone treatment, or the like.

If the support is provided with an uneven pattern on the surface on the transfer layer side, an uneven pattern such as grain, satin, wood grain, etc. can be formed on the surface of the transfer layer after transfer. The concavo-convex pattern is provided as a concavo-convex pattern smaller than the surface concavo-convex of the substrate to be transferred. The concavo-convex pattern is formed by a known method such as embossing, sandblasting, and embossing printing using a shaping layer (release layer).

(Transfer Layer) The transfer layer is composed of at least a decorative layer, and a release layer, an adhesive layer and the like may be a component of the transfer layer as appropriate. In the configuration having the adhesive layer, it is possible to omit applying the adhesive to one or both of the transfer sheet and the substrate to be transferred at the time of transfer. The decoration layer is gravure printing,
Conventionally known methods such as silk screen printing and offset printing, a pattern layer printed with a pattern or the like with a material, aluminum,
A metal thin film layer or the like in which a metal such as chromium, gold, silver or the like is partially or entirely formed by using a known vapor deposition method or the like. As the pattern, in accordance with the surface irregularities of the transferred substrate, wood pattern, stone pattern, cloth pattern, tile pattern, brick pattern, leather pattern, letters, geometric pattern,
Use solid on the whole surface. The picture layer ink is composed of a vehicle such as a binder, a coloring agent such as a pigment or a dye, and various additives appropriately added thereto. As the binder, an acrylic resin, a vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, a polyester resin, a cellulosic resin, a polyurethane resin, a fluororesin, or the like, or a mixture containing them is used. As the pigment of the colorant, inorganic pigments such as titanium white, carbon black, red iron oxide, graphite, and ultramarine blue, and organic pigments such as aniline black, quinacridone, isoindolinone, and phthalocyanine blue are used.

A release layer may be provided between the support or release layer and the decorative layer to adjust the releasability between the decorative layer and to protect the surface of the decorative layer after transfer. Is the same as a conventionally known transfer sheet. For the release layer, for example,
A resin or the like used as a binder for the ink for a picture layer is used. The release layer is transferred to the transfer-receiving substrate together with the decorative layer during transfer, and covers the surface of the decorative layer.

[Adhesive] The adhesive may be applied as an adhesive layer constituting a transfer layer of a transfer sheet or as an adhesive layer on a substrate to be transferred, either before or immediately before transfer, by online coating or offline coating. Apply in. When applied to a substrate to be transferred, the adhesive layer of the transfer sheet transfer layer can be omitted. Examples of the adhesive to be used include a heat-sensitive adhesive, a moisture-curable heat-sensitive adhesive, a hot-melt adhesive, a moisture-curable hot-melt adhesive, a two-component curable adhesive, an ionizing radiation-curable adhesive, and an aqueous adhesive. An adhesive or a pressure-sensitive adhesive using a pressure-sensitive adhesive is used. As the heat-sensitive adhesive, there are a heat-sealing type using a thermoplastic resin and a thermosetting type using a thermosetting resin. The adhesive may be diluted with a solvent or without a solvent, or may be a liquid or a solid at room temperature. In the case of an adhesive other than a pressure-sensitive adhesive exhibiting tackiness, a transfer layer can be formed with only a single adhesive layer. If a coloring agent such as a pigment is added to the adhesive layer, it can be said that the entire layer is a decorative layer composed of a solid ink layer. For example, for heat-sensitive adhesives,
Polyvinyl acetate resin, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, acrylic resin, thermoplastic polyester resin, thermoplastic urethane resin, polyamide resin obtained by polycondensation of dimer acid and ethylenediamine, and the like are used. In addition, phenolic resin, urea resin,
A diallyl phthalate resin, a thermosetting urethane resin, an epoxy resin, or the like is used.

The adhesive is applied to a sheet serving as a transfer sheet or a substrate to be transferred by a conventionally known solution coating means such as a gravure roll coat, a spray coat, and a flow coat. Melt coating (melt coating) means using a hot melt adhesive with an applicator or the like can also be applied to the substrate to be transferred. The application amount of the adhesive varies depending on the composition of the adhesive, the type of the substrate to be transferred, and the surface state, but is usually about 10 to ²⁰⁰ g / m ² (solid content).

[Heating of Transfer Sheet, Substrate to be Transferred, Adhesive, etc.] Even when a solid particle collision pressure is used as the transfer pressure, the adhesive activity is measured in the same manner as in a conventionally known transfer method using an elastic roller as a transfer roller. Or to improve transfer sheet stretchability, etc.
During or before the pressing of the transfer pressure, the transfer sheet, the substrate to be transferred, and the like can be appropriately heated.

For example, before the impact pressure is applied, the transfer sheet may be heated by any conventionally known heating means such as heater heating, dielectric heating, hot air heating, roller heating (in the case of a continuous belt), and infrared radiation heating. The substrate to be transferred (and the adhesive layer thereon) may be heated by any conventionally known heating means, similarly to the transfer sheet. For example, induction heating and dielectric heating can be performed from the inside of the substrate, while heater heating, infrared heating, and hot-air heating are more efficient from the uneven surface side. The substrate to be transferred may also be heated from the back side.
Heating from the back side quickly heats the base material having a large heat capacity, or as a heating during the application of the collision pressure, prevents the transfer sheet or the adhesive from cooling down to the completion of the application of the collision pressure to a predetermined temperature. It is effective when keeping it. The method of heating from the back side is based on heating the substrate carrier when the substrate carrier is provided with a heating means, or when the substrate to be transferred is carried on a substrate carrier. As a heating means of the substrate transport device, when a driving rotary roller row is used for transporting the substrate, a heat source such as a heater is disposed between the heating rollers and the rollers. The heating roller makes the inside of the roller hollow, allows a heating medium such as hot water to flow, or uses induction heating. When the transfer substrate is placed on a rubber belt and transported, heat-resistant rubber such as silicone rubber is used as the rubber.
There are methods such as dielectric heating and infrared heating. In addition, the substrate holder is heated by a substrate transport device that transports the substrate, or the substrate on which the substrate holder is mounted (impact pressure is applied in a stationary state without being transported) is used as a heating table. Or
A heating means such as an electric heater may be provided on the substrate holder.

For the heating during the application of the collision pressure, heated solid particles can be used as the solid particles, or a heat source such as a heater can be provided by dispersing the solid particles in gaps between a plurality of solid particle ejection devices. Of course, heating before and during the pressing of the collision pressure, or heating only during the pressing, may be used as appropriate. However, the hot air heating in the chamber serving as the collision space is preferably performed outside the chamber because gas flows into the chamber and affects the pressure balance in the chamber. It will allow air to enter the chamber, hinder the maintenance of negative pressure in the chamber to prevent solid particles from leaking, disrupt the flow of solid particles, or pass through the ejector from the chamber. This is because when the gas is made to flow back into the hopper or when the solid particles are collected and sucked together with the gas by a vacuum pump, the load increases.

The heating of the transfer sheet and the substrate to be transferred when the chamber is used may be performed outside or inside the chamber, or outside and inside the chamber. In the case of external and internal heating, even if sufficient preheating is required, the necessary heating can be performed by shortening the length of the transfer path in the chamber (that is, by reducing the volume in the chamber). This is because reducing the internal volume of the chamber is advantageous in terms of handling in consideration of scattering and recovery of solid particles. The advantage of heating inside the chamber is that it can be heated just before the collision pressure is applied, or even during the application of the collision pressure. Particularly, it is intended to effectively preheat the transfer substrate having a large heat capacity only in the vicinity of the transfer surface. And so on.

[Forced Cooling of Adhesive] In the case where the adhesive is of the heat-sealing type, if the adhesive is forcibly cooled after the transfer sheet is in close contact with the base material to be transferred, the adhesive will follow the inside of the recess and be formed. Promotes the fixation of the transfer sheet, prevents the transfer sheet from returning to its original shape after the pressure is released when the transfer sheet has a restoring force, and allows the transfer sheet (support) to be separated and removed more quickly. Therefore, transfer omission can be prevented and production speed can be improved.
For this purpose, it is preferable to use the cooled solid particles without releasing the collision pressure during the application of the collision pressure, or to cool the adhesive layer using other cooling means such as air cooling after the application of the collision pressure.
When the heat capacity of the substrate to be transferred is large, the substrate to be transferred can be cooled from the back surface by spraying cooled solid particles, a low-temperature fluid, or cooling a roller for transporting the substrate, a belt conveyor, or a substrate holder. Alternatively, cooling may be performed outside the chamber after the above cooling in the chamber, or only outside the chamber without cooling in the chamber, by blowing cold air from the front or back. This also applies to the cooling of the transfer sheet.

[Peel-off of the support] The timing for peeling off the support is such that the support is cooled to such a degree that the support is not cut or plastically deformed by the stress at the time of release after the collision pressure is released. It may be performed after the transfer sheet is solidified by the curing reaction and fixed to the transfer substrate.

[Others] The curved surface transfer method of the present invention has been described above. When the solid particles collide with each other, the envelope surface of the transfer surface of the substrate to be transferred is a horizontal plane, and the solid particles are transferred from above. In addition to the collision, the envelope surface is a slope, a vertical surface (Fig. 1).
0 (B)). Further, even when the transfer sheet is in a horizontal plane, solid particles may be ejected from the lower side of the support, that is, from the lower side to make them collide.

[Use of Transfer Product] The use of a transfer product such as a cosmetic material obtained by the present invention is performed by using a transferred decorative surface having an uneven surface,
In particular, it can be used for various applications such as an article having an uneven surface such as a three-dimensional shape. For example, as a cosmetic material, exterior walls such as siding, fences, roofs, gates, exteriors such as gable boards, wall surfaces,
Interior decoration of buildings such as ceilings and floors, window frames, doors, handrails, sills, surface decorations of fittings such as sills, furniture such as wardrobes, surface decorations of cabinets for light electric / OA equipment such as television receivers, automobiles, It can be used in various fields such as vehicle interior materials such as trains and interior materials such as aircraft and ships. The decorative material is used as a decorative board or the like. In addition, the shape of the transfer product including the cosmetic material is arbitrary such as a flat plate, a curved plate, a rod-shaped body, and a three-dimensional object.

[Post-processing] In addition, a transparent protective layer may be further applied to the surface of a transferred product such as a cosmetic material after the transfer in order to impart durability, a sense of design, and the like. As such a transparent protective layer, one or two kinds of fluororesins such as polytetrafluoroethylene and polyvinylidene fluoride, acrylic resins such as polymethyl methacrylate, silicone resins and urethane resins are used.
Seed or the like as a binder, if necessary, a benzotriazole, an ultraviolet absorber such as ultrafine cerium oxide, a light stabilizer such as a hindered amine radical scavenger,
A paint to which a coloring pigment, an extender pigment, a lubricant, and the like are added is used.
For exterior use, an inorganic paint can also be used. Coating is performed by spray coating, flow coating, roll coating using a soft rubber roll or sponge roll, or the like.
The thickness of the transparent protective layer is about 1 to 100 μm.

[0056]

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.

[Test Group 1] In Test Group 1, the collision angle α was varied from 60 to 90 degrees to determine the optimal collision angle α from the followability of the transfer sheet and the occurrence of transfer defects such as wrinkles. The range was determined. As shown in the explanatory diagram of FIG. 12 and Table 1, the collision angle α tested is from point a (α = 90 °) to point e (α = 90 °).
60 °). In the test, as shown in the perspective view conceptually shown in FIG. 13, solid particles P are ejected from the ejector 1 by the rotary impeller (which also ejects solid particles having a collision angle of less than 70 degrees), and the points a to The transfer was performed using a substrate to be transferred having a size that could be evaluated for each point e. As the substrate to be transferred, an object having a flat envelope surface as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 was used. Transfer base material B with transfer sheet on transfer surface
Was placed on a conveyor 4 and conveyed, and a collision pressure was applied below the ejector 1. Conveyor 4 on which substrate B to be transferred is placed
The collision angle α was changed by changing the position in the width direction. The transfer conditions were as follows. A zinc sphere having a diameter of 0.4 mm was used for the solid particles P, the ejection speed was 40 m / s, and the amount of projection (total weight of the solid particles ejected from the ejector per unit time) was 100 kg /.
And the conveyor speed was 4 m / min.

Here, in FIG. 12, the expected collision pressure and the transverse shear force at each point from point a to point e are shown in Table 1 below. In the figure, when a solid particle P collides with a transfer substrate B at a collision angle α as a vector V of the velocity, a vertical component of the vector V (collision angle α = 90)
(Corresponding to °) becomes a vector V ₁ , and the horizontal component (corresponding to collision angle α = 0 °) becomes a vector V ₂ . Vector V ₁
Is a collision pressure for pushing the transfer sheet into the concave portion of the uneven surface of the transfer-receiving substrate from a vertical direction, that is, a transfer pressure.
However, the components of the vector V _2, will shear to shift the transfer sheet in the transverse direction on the transfer surface, which is the force that causes deviation wrinkles. Therefore, based on the point a at which the collision angle α is 90 °, the value of the collision angle α and the vectors V ₁ and V
Table 1 shows the relative values obtained by logically calculating the motor energy of No. ₂ and comparing them. Strictly speaking, the kinetic energy corresponding to the vertical component V ₁ and the horizontal component V ₂ of the velocity vector is:
Assuming that the mass of the solid particles is m, (mV ₁ ² ) / 2 and (m
A V _{² 2)} / ₂ but, because m is common, are compared and evaluated only in V _{1 ^2,} V ^{2 2.} The pressure value actually measured by placing a pressure measurement sheet (trade name “Prescale” manufactured by Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.) on the substrate to be transferred was also shown as a relative value based on the point a. Kinetic energy V ₂ ² corresponding to shearing forces, impact angle be abruptly becomes steeper from per below 70 °, and the kinetic energy V ₁ ² corresponding to the impact pressure is suddenly from per impact angle is below 70 ° It can be understood logically that it becomes smaller. Also, it can be seen that when the collision angle becomes 60 ° even with the actual measured pressure, the pressure drops considerably.

[0059]

[Table 1]

Next, the results of the unevenness followability of the transfer sheet and the occurrence of wrinkles will be described.

As the transfer sheet, an unstretched polypropylene sheet (thickness: 50 μm, no corona treatment) is used as a support sheet.
And on one side thereof, gravure-printed with a colored ink using a thermoplastic urethane resin as a binder resin and a stone-pattern decorative layer as a transfer layer was prepared. A pulp semeton plate provided with three-dimensional irregularities of a grain having an average height of 3 mm as shown in FIG. 11 was prepared as the substrate to be transferred. A base coat of a urethane-based resin is applied to the transfer surface of the plate and sealed, then a polyamide resin-based adhesive is spray-coated, and then heated and dried to form an adhesive layer of 10 g / m ² (solid content basis). I left it. In the transfer, the transfer substrate is heated to 90 ° C. in advance, the transfer sheet is placed on the transfer substrate, and hot air is blown from above the transfer sheet to preheat the transfer sheet, activate the adhesive, and transfer the transfer sheet. The substrate was heated, and a collision pressure was applied while the surface temperature of the support was 100 ° C. Then, the transfer sheet was extended to the inside of the concave portion by the collision pressure, and was thermally fused. After cooling and solidifying, the support of the transfer sheet was peeled off to obtain a transferred product. Table 2 shows the results.

[0062]

[Table 2] * 1: Transfer layer adheres in all recesses. * 2: A void is generated between the transfer layer and the substrate to be transferred at the deepest recess. * 3: The gap between the transfer layer and the substrate to be transferred in the recess is further increased.

From the above results, it can be seen that in the transfer using the collision pressure of the solid particles, the collision angle α needs to be 70 ° or more. That is, in the test numbers A4 (point d) and A5 (point e) where the collision angle α was 65 ° or 60 °, appearance defects such as wrinkles occurred. In addition, the transfer sheet could not completely follow the inside of the concave portion of the surface irregularities, causing lifting, and the irregularity followability was poor. However, in the test numbers A1 to A3 in which the collision angle α was 70 ° or more, wrinkles and pattern distortion did not occur, the appearance was good, the unevenness followability was good, and the transfer was good.

[Test Group B] In the test group B, the base material to be transferred was wide and two jetting devices shared the width direction of the base material, and transferred by applying an impact pressure. The arrangement of the ejector
As shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 (C), the position is shifted in the transport direction of the transfer-receiving substrate so that the solid particles traveling toward the inside of the transfer-receiving substrate do not interfere with each other and collide with the entire width of the transfer-receiving substrate. Pressure was applied. The transfer sheet used was the same as that used in the test group A, and the transfer-receiving substrate used was the same as that used in the test group A except that the width of the transfer substrate was 500 mm. The base coat and the adhesive were also applied to the substrate to be transferred.

Then, transfer was performed in the same manner as in Test Group A.
First, the jetting device was kept normal (that is, including the solid particles having a collision angle of less than 70 degrees), and the transfer was performed by applying a collision pressure. For this reason, the solid particles having a collision angle of less than 70 degrees were directed to the outside of both ends in the width direction of the base material to be transferred and to the central portion, and collided with the transfer sheet at the central portion. As a result, as shown in the plan view of FIG. 14 illustrating the transfer situation, the portion of the collision region 5a of the solid particles ejected from the ejector 1a corresponding to the central portion in the width direction of the substrate to be transferred receives A wrinkle 6a was generated in the transfer sheet portion on the downstream side in the transport direction of the substrate (the direction of the arrow in the drawing). Similarly, wrinkles 6b also occurred in the other ejector 1b.

Next, as shown in FIG. 5, as the solid particle ejection device of the present invention, the ejection devices 1a and 1b
Transfer was performed in the same manner as described above, using devices having a configuration provided with shielding plates 3a and 3b, respectively. Shield plate 3a (and 3b)
Removes solid particles having a collision angle of less than 70 degrees with respect to the ejector 1a (and 1b) in a space portion which is an inner portion (a portion closer to the center) in the width direction of the base material to be transferred with respect to the ejector 1a (and 1b). It was installed in a position where it did not collide. As a result, the wrinkles which were a problem in the above were eliminated. In addition, the irregularity followability was also good. Then, a decorative plate was obtained as a transfer product.
Further, an emulsion paint of polyvinylidene fluoride containing 0.5% by weight of a benzotriazole-based ultraviolet absorber is applied to a dry thickness of 10 μm on the surface of the transfer layer of the decorative plate to form a transparent protective layer. Thus, a decorative plate with a transparent protective layer was obtained.

[0067]

According to the curved surface transfer method of the present invention, a transfer product such as a decorative material having a large three-dimensional uneven surface decorated can be easily obtained. The overall (envelope) shape of the transfer product is
Of course, two-dimensional irregularities such as a window frame and a sash are also possible, and in addition to a flat plate material, a tile having a wavy shape (envelope shape) as a whole, or a convex or concave curve Even those with shapes can be easily obtained. In addition, it is possible to transfer on the convex portion of the large irregular surface and also inside the concave portion (the bottom portion or the side surface which is the connecting portion between the convex portion and the bottom portion). Also,
On the convex part of large irregularities, a finer irregular pattern (for example,
Even if there is a hairline, satin finish, etc., it is possible to decorate by transfer even in the concave portion of the fine unevenness. In addition, the collision angle with respect to the base material to be transferred is set to 70 degrees or more, and solid particles having a collision angle of less than 70 degrees do not collide with the transfer sheet, so that the transfer sheet is shifted in the horizontal direction while maintaining the unevenness of the transfer sheet. Transfer defects due to wrinkles can be prevented. In addition, since a portion having a small collision pressure is not used, uniform transfer of unevenness in the width direction can be stably performed even on a wide transfer-receiving substrate. In addition, since the acceleration of the solid particles is performed by the impeller, a wider collision pressure application area can be covered as compared with the solid particle ejection device using the ejection nozzle, so that only a small number of ejection devices are required. Further, unlike the conventional rubber roller pressing method, there is no wear of parts such as the roller due to the concave and convex portions of the substrate to be transferred. As a result, a transfer product such as a decorative material having a very excellent design property is obtained, which has never been obtained before.

Further, according to the solid particle ejecting apparatus of the present invention, only the solid particles having a collision angle of 70 ° or more, which are used in the above-mentioned curved surface transfer method, can reliably collide with the transfer sheet. Can be easily implemented.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the spread of solid particles ejected from one ejector.

FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the magnitude relationship between the width of a substrate to be transferred and the spread of solid particles.

FIG. 3 shows a specific collision angle α according to the curved surface transfer method of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a state in which a collision pressure is applied by using FIG.

FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a defective solid particle projection unit in which the collision angle α is less than 70 when the width direction of the transfer-receiving substrate is shared by two ejectors.

FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a solid particle ejection device of the present invention in which a shielding plate as a collision angle setting means is combined with an ejector with respect to FIG.

FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram (front view) illustrating one embodiment of an ejector using an impeller.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of an impeller part of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the inside of the impeller of FIG. 6;

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram for adjusting the ejection direction with an impeller.

10A and 10B are conceptual diagrams illustrating another embodiment of the ejector using the impeller, wherein FIG. 10A is a front view, and FIG. 10B is a side view.

FIG. 11 is an enlarged perspective view of a main part showing an example of three-dimensional surface irregularities of a transfer-receiving substrate.

FIG. 12 is a conceptual diagram illustrating vertical and horizontal components of a velocity vector of a solid particle.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view illustrating a state in which solid particles collide with a transfer substrate at different collision angles.

FIG. 14 is a plan view illustrating a transfer situation (wrinkle generation location).

[Explanation of symbols]

 1, 1a, 1b Ejector 2a, 2b Poor projection unit 3a, 3b Shielding plate (collision angle setting means) 4 Conveyor (base material transporting device) 5a, 5b Collision area of solid particles 6a, 6b Wrinkling 10a, 10b Solid particles Jetting device 11 Substrate conveying device 812, 812a Impeller 813, 813a Blade 814, 814a Side plate 815 Hollow portion 816 Direction controller 817 Opening 818 Spreader 819, 819a Rotating shaft 820 Bearing B Transferred substrate D Cosmetic material Transfer product) D (x) Projection density distribution P Solid particles Pmax Allowable maximum collision pressure Pmin Allowable minimum collision pressure P (x) Impact pressure distribution S Transfer sheet Wb Transfer base material width Wp Effective press area width x Transfer base material Width direction

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A method for transferring solid particles accelerated by a rotating impeller, with a transfer layer side of a transfer sheet comprising a support and a transfer layer facing the uneven surface side of a transfer-receiving substrate having an uneven surface. Using the collision pressure, the transfer sheet is pressed against the uneven surface of the substrate to be transferred, and the transfer layer is adhered to the substrate to be transferred. A method for transferring a transfer layer to a transfer substrate by removing the transfer layer, wherein the collision pressure of only the solid particles having a collision angle of 70 degrees or more against the envelope surface of the transfer surface of the transfer substrate. Surface transfer method using 2. The solid particles accelerated by a rotating impeller, with the transfer layer side of a transfer sheet comprising a support and a transfer layer facing the uneven surface side of the transfer-receiving substrate having the uneven surface, Using the collision pressure, the transfer sheet is pressed against the uneven surface of the substrate to be transferred, and the transfer layer is adhered to the substrate to be transferred. A solid particle jetting device used for a curved surface transfer method of transferring a transfer layer to a substrate to be transferred by removing, a particle accelerating means for accelerating solid particles by an impeller, and solid particles colliding with a transfer sheet, A solid particle ejection device, at least comprising: collision angle setting means for setting only the solid particles having a collision angle of 70 degrees or more with the envelope surface of the transfer-receiving surface of the transfer-receiving substrate.