JPH11290681A - Manufacture of grass peat with enhanced adsorptive performance - Google Patents

Manufacture of grass peat with enhanced adsorptive performance

Info

Publication number
JPH11290681A
JPH11290681A JP10103118A JP10311898A JPH11290681A JP H11290681 A JPH11290681 A JP H11290681A JP 10103118 A JP10103118 A JP 10103118A JP 10311898 A JP10311898 A JP 10311898A JP H11290681 A JPH11290681 A JP H11290681A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
treatment
plasma
peat
grass peat
specific surface
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP10103118A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Kazuo Sugiyama
和夫 杉山
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SHINWA BOSAI KANRI CENTER KK
Original Assignee
SHINWA BOSAI KANRI CENTER KK
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SHINWA BOSAI KANRI CENTER KK filed Critical SHINWA BOSAI KANRI CENTER KK
Priority to JP10103118A priority Critical patent/JPH11290681A/en
Publication of JPH11290681A publication Critical patent/JPH11290681A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
    • Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
    • Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2

Landscapes

  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enhance adsorptive performance by a grass peat itself, especially the adsorptive and removing performance of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide by thermally treating the grass peat. SOLUTION: A commercially supplied grass peat is packed in a treatment chamber 3 and the interior of the treatment chamber 3 is vacuumized to a specified vacuum pressure level using a vacuum pump. Then the interior of the treatment chamber 3 is turned to a plasmatic state by emitting a microwave and, after the lapse of a specified time, the emission of the microwave is stopped to remove the grass peat. This plasma is a low-temperature plasma using an electromagnetic wave such as a radio wave or a microwave under a vacuum pressure, and contains a charge particle such as an excited molecule, atom, ion or electron. As a whole, the plasma is a group of electrically almost neutral particles. The BET specific surface of the grass peat varies depending upon chemical treatment conditions such as an alkaline treatment before and after a vacuum heating treatment or a plasma treatment, or plasma treatment conditions, compared to the BET specific surface prior to the plasma treatment. When the wavelength and the output of the electromagnetic wave are constant, it is possible to increase the BET specific surface by controlling a treatment time. Consequently, the saturated adsorption of carbon dioxide can be increased.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【０００１】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、吸着性能を向上さ
せた草炭の製造方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for producing peat with improved adsorption performance.

【０００２】[0002]

【従来の技術】草炭は、ピートモスとも呼ばれ、流出油
の吸着材、空気清浄機の吸着材、さらには園芸用の保湿
材等として利用されている。通常は、天然の草炭を、必
要により乾燥してそのまま利用されている。また、特定
のガスに対する草炭の吸収性能を向上させる方法も知ら
れている。例えば、特開平７−２６５６５９号には、草
炭を希硫酸処理した草炭で、アミン系悪臭ガスの吸収除
去することが開示されている。しかるに、この方法は、
草炭に付着した酸成分による塩基性成分の捕捉であり、
草炭自身の吸着性能を向上させたものではない。2. Description of the Related Art Peat coal, also called peat moss, is used as an adsorbent for spilled oil, an adsorbent for an air purifier, and a moisturizer for horticulture. Normally, natural peat is dried and used as it is, if necessary. There is also known a method of improving the absorption performance of peat coal for a specific gas. For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-265659 discloses a method of absorbing and removing amine-based malodorous gas by using peat coal obtained by treating peat coal with dilute sulfuric acid. However, this method
The trapping of basic components by acid components attached to peat,
It does not improve the adsorption performance of peat itself.

【０００３】通常、吸着材として使用されている活性炭
や繊維状活性炭は、比表面積が１０００ｍ2／ｇ前後で
あり、この高い比表面積を利用して、多量の物質を吸着
することができる。活性炭は、このような高い比表面積
とするために、細孔構造を生成させて吸収能力を向上さ
せる賦活処理が施されている。賦活処理にはガス賦活と
薬品賦活の２種類がある。賦活は、ガス賦活は、炭化し
た材料を、例えば、水蒸気、二酸化炭素、酸素の混合雰
囲気中８００℃〜１０００℃で加熱することにより行わ
れる。一方、薬品賦活は、炭化した材料を、化学薬品
（例えば、塩化亜鉛、リン酸、アルカリ塩等）を含浸さ
せて加熱することにより行われる。賦活により得られる
活性炭のＢＥＴ比表面積は、原料の種類にもよるが、通
常８００〜１６００ｍ2／ｇである。Activated carbon or fibrous activated carbon used as an adsorbent generally has a specific surface area of about 1000 m 2 / g, and can utilize this high specific surface area to adsorb a large amount of substances. Activated carbon has been subjected to an activation treatment for generating such a high specific surface area to generate a pore structure and improve the absorption capacity. There are two types of activation treatment: gas activation and chemical activation. The activation is performed by heating the carbonized material at 800 ° C. to 1000 ° C. in a mixed atmosphere of steam, carbon dioxide, and oxygen, for example. On the other hand, chemical activation is performed by impregnating a carbonized material with a chemical (eg, zinc chloride, phosphoric acid, an alkali salt, or the like) and heating. The BET specific surface area of the activated carbon obtained by the activation is usually 800 to 1600 m 2 / g, depending on the type of the raw material.

【０００４】一方、草炭の比表面積は、活性炭とは桁違
いに小さい１ｍ2／ｇ以下であり、比表面積を向上させ
ることで、吸着材としての性能を向上させようとする試
みはこれまでになされていない。[0004] On the other hand, the specific surface area of grass coal is 1 m 2 / g or less, which is orders of magnitude smaller than that of activated carbon, and attempts to improve the performance as an adsorbent by increasing the specific surface area have not been made. Not done.

【０００５】このように比表面積は小さい草炭である
が、活性炭では吸着できない一酸化炭素（ＣＯ）を吸着
除去でき、かつ活性炭ではわずかしか吸着しない二酸化
炭素（ＣＯ2）も吸着除去できるという特異な性能を有
している（特開平１０−３３５号）。[0005] As described above, although pesticide has a small specific surface area, carbon monoxide (CO) that cannot be adsorbed by activated carbon can be adsorbed and removed, and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) that is only slightly adsorbed by activated carbon can be adsorbed and removed. It has performance (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-335).

【０００６】[0006]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】そこで、本発明の目的
は、草炭自身の吸着性能、特に一酸化炭素（ＣＯ）及び
二酸化炭素（ＣＯ2）の吸着除去性能を向上させる方法
を提供することにある。さらに本発明は、上記草炭を用
いた一酸化炭素及び／又は二酸化炭素の除去材、並びに
この除去材を用いた一酸化炭素及び／又は二酸化炭素除
去用フィルターを提供することにある。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a method for improving the adsorption performance of peat coal itself, in particular, the adsorption and removal performance of carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ). is there. Another object of the present invention is to provide a carbon monoxide and / or carbon dioxide removing material using the above-mentioned peat, and a carbon monoxide and / or carbon dioxide removing filter using the removing material.

【０００７】[0007]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、草炭を加熱処
理することを特徴とする吸着性能を向上させた草炭の製
造方法に関する。さらに本発明は、上記製造方法により
得られた草炭を用いた一酸化炭素及び／又は二酸化炭素
の除去材、並びにこの除去材を用いた一酸化炭素及び／
又は二酸化炭素除去用フィルターに関する。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for producing peat with improved adsorption performance, which comprises heat treating peat. Further, the present invention provides a material for removing carbon monoxide and / or carbon dioxide using peat obtained by the above-described production method, and carbon monoxide and / or carbon dioxide using this material.
Or, it relates to a filter for removing carbon dioxide.

【０００８】[0008]

【発明の実施の態様】以下、本発明について説明する。
本発明の製造方法は、草炭を加熱処理することを特徴と
する。原料として用いられる草炭には、従来の、例え
ば、市販されている草炭をそのまま用いることができ
る。さらに、加熱処理の方法としては、真空加熱処理及
びプラズマ処理を挙げることができる。真空加熱処理
は、原料となる草炭を真空加熱炉中で、例えば、３００
〜１５００℃の温度及び１０-5Ｔｏｒｒ〜４００Ｔｏｒ
ｒの真空度で、例えば、０．５〜１０時間加熱すること
で行うことができる。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below.
The production method of the present invention is characterized in that peat coal is heat-treated. As the peat used as a raw material, conventional, for example, commercially available peat can be used as it is. Further, examples of the heat treatment method include a vacuum heat treatment and a plasma treatment. Vacuum heat treatment is performed by feeding raw coal to a raw material in a vacuum furnace,
Temperature of ~ 1500C and 10-5 Torr ~ 400Torr
It can be performed by heating at a degree of vacuum of r for, for example, 0.5 to 10 hours.

【０００９】また、プラズマ処理は、例えば図１に示す
ような装置を用いて行うことができる。図中、１はマイ
クロ波発生器、２は導波管、３は石英ガラス製の処理
室、４はアイソレーター、５はスリー・スタブ同調器
（Ｔｈｒｅｅ−ｓｔｕｂ ｔｕｎｅｒ）、６はマイクロ
波出力計、７はマイクロ波反射用プランジャ、８はマノ
メーター、９は真空計、１０は液体窒素である。マイク
ロ波反射用プランジャ７はマイクロ波を反射して処理室
３にマイクロ波を集中させるために使用される。処理室
３の排気ガスを液体窒素１０内を通して真空源に導くの
は処理室の真空度を高めるためである。The plasma processing can be performed using, for example, an apparatus as shown in FIG. In the figure, 1 is a microwave generator, 2 is a waveguide, 3 is a processing chamber made of quartz glass, 4 is an isolator, 5 is a three-stub tuner, 6 is a microwave power meter, 7 is a plunger for microwave reflection, 8 is a manometer, 9 is a vacuum gauge, and 10 is liquid nitrogen. The microwave reflecting plunger 7 is used to reflect the microwave and concentrate the microwave in the processing chamber 3. The reason why the exhaust gas of the processing chamber 3 is led to the vacuum source through the liquid nitrogen 10 is to increase the degree of vacuum in the processing chamber.

【００１０】プラズマは、励起した分子、原子、イオ
ン、電子など荷電粒子を含み、全体として電気的にほぼ
中性を保つ粒子の集団である。プラズマは、１Ｐａ〜１
ａｔｍ程度の範囲にある気体を極めて高い高温状態にす
るか、あるいは強い磁場又は電磁波のもとにおくと発生
する。本発明においてプラズマ処理とは、このような環
境中に、対象とする材料を一定時間置くことをいう。[0010] The plasma is a group of particles including charged particles such as excited molecules, atoms, ions, and electrons, which are almost electrically neutral as a whole. Plasma is 1 Pa-1
Occurs when a gas in the range of atm is brought to an extremely high temperature state or is exposed to a strong magnetic field or electromagnetic waves. In the present invention, plasma processing refers to placing a target material in such an environment for a certain period of time.

【００１１】図１に示す上記装置では、プラズマは、処
理室３を真空にし、例えばマイクロ波のような電磁波を
照射することにより、発生させることができる。処理室
３の真空度は、約１トル（Ｔｏｒｒ）以下にすること
が、プラズマの発生を維持するという観点から適当であ
る。また電磁波は、ラジオ波からマイクロ波の範囲が適
当であり、振動数は、おおよそ１ＧＨｚ〜１０００ＧＨ
ｚの範囲、通常は１〜１０ＧＨｚが適当である。In the apparatus shown in FIG. 1, the plasma can be generated by evacuating the processing chamber 3 and irradiating the processing chamber 3 with an electromagnetic wave such as a microwave. It is appropriate to set the degree of vacuum of the processing chamber 3 to about 1 Torr or less from the viewpoint of maintaining the generation of plasma. The electromagnetic wave is preferably in a range from a radio wave to a microwave, and the frequency is approximately 1 GHz to 1000 GHz.
The range of z, usually 1 to 10 GHz, is appropriate.

【００１２】尚、本発明におけるプラズマは、減圧下で
ラジオ波やマイクロ波などの電磁波を利用するいわゆる
低温プラズマである。The plasma in the present invention is a so-called low-temperature plasma utilizing electromagnetic waves such as radio waves and microwaves under reduced pressure.

【００１３】尚、上記真空加熱処理及びプラズマ処理の
前後に、草炭をアルカリ処理等の化学的処理を施すこと
で、草炭の吸着性能を修飾することもできる。[0013] Before and after the vacuum heating treatment and the plasma treatment, the peat coal may be subjected to a chemical treatment such as an alkali treatment to modify the peat coal adsorption performance.

【００１４】上記製造方法により、プラズマ処理前に比
べてＢＥＴ比表面積が格段に高められた草炭が得られ
る。得られる草炭のＢＥＴ比表面積は、アルカリ処理条
件やプラズマ処理条件により変化し、特に、電磁波の波
長及び出力が一定の場合、処理時間を制御することによ
り、ＢＥＴ比表面積が１０ｍ2／ｇ以上、好ましくは４
０ｍ2／ｇ以上である草炭を得ることができる。According to the above-described production method, peat coal having a BET specific surface area significantly higher than that before the plasma treatment can be obtained. The BET specific surface area of the obtained coal varies depending on alkali treatment conditions and plasma treatment conditions. In particular, when the wavelength and output of electromagnetic waves are constant, by controlling the treatment time, the BET specific surface area is 10 m 2 / g or more. Preferably 4
Peat coal of 0 m 2 / g or more can be obtained.

【００１５】本発明は、上記本発明の製造方法により得
られた草炭を用いた一酸化炭素及び／又は二酸化炭素の
除去材も包含する。本発明の製造方法により得られた草
炭は、ＢＥＴ比表面積が格段に大きくなったことで、一
酸化炭素及び／又は二酸化炭素に対する除去性能も格段
に向上した。The present invention also includes a material for removing carbon monoxide and / or carbon dioxide using peat coal obtained by the production method of the present invention. The peat coal obtained by the production method of the present invention has a remarkably improved BET specific surface area, so that the performance of removing carbon monoxide and / or carbon dioxide has been remarkably improved.

【００１６】さらに本発明は、本発明の除去材を用いた
一酸化炭素及び／又は二酸化炭素除去用フィルターも包
含する。このフィルターは例えば、空気清浄機のエアー
フィルターとして使用できる。フィルターの形状や構造
には特に制限はなく、従来からあるエアーフィルターが
内蔵する不織布等の代わりに、または不織布等に加え
て、上記本発明の除去材を使用することができる。The present invention further includes a filter for removing carbon monoxide and / or carbon dioxide using the removing material of the present invention. This filter can be used, for example, as an air filter of an air purifier. The shape and structure of the filter are not particularly limited, and the above-described removing material of the present invention can be used instead of, or in addition to, the nonwoven fabric or the like incorporated in a conventional air filter.

【００１７】[0017]

【実施例】以下本発明を実施例によりさらに説明する。 実施例１ 〔草炭のプラズマ処理〕図１に概略説明図を示す装置を
用いて草炭のプライマ処理を行った。即ち、市販の草炭
（ＢＥＴ比表面積１ｍ2／ｇ以下）１０ｇを処理室３に
充填し、次いで真空ポンプにより処理室３内を約０．１
〜０．０１に減圧した。所定の圧力にまで減圧した後、
３００Ｗのマイクロ波（２．４５ＧＨｚ）を処理室に照
射して処理室内をプラズマ状態にした。５分間経過後、
マイクロ波の照射をやめ、草炭を処理室から取り出し
た。The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples. Example 1 [Plasma treatment of peat coal] Primer treatment of peat was performed using an apparatus schematically shown in FIG. That is, 10 g of commercially available peat (BET specific surface area: 1 m 2 / g or less) is charged into the processing chamber 3, and then about 0.1 g of the inside of the processing chamber 3 is vacuum-pumped.
The pressure was reduced to ０．０１0.01. After reducing the pressure to a predetermined pressure,
The processing chamber was irradiated with a 300 W microwave (2.45 GHz) to bring the processing chamber into a plasma state. After 5 minutes,
The microwave irradiation was stopped, and the coal was removed from the processing chamber.

【００１８】〔各種物性の測定〕実施例１で得た草炭お
よび原料草炭について、ＢＥＴ比表面積および二酸化炭
素の飽和吸着量を測定した。結果を表１に示す。尚、Ｂ
ＥＴ比表面積の測定は、常法により行った。また、二酸
化炭素の飽和吸着量は石英スプリングバランス法により
測定した。[Measurement of Various Physical Properties] The BET specific surface area and the saturated adsorption amount of carbon dioxide of the peat coal and the raw peat coal obtained in Example 1 were measured. Table 1 shows the results. In addition, B
The measurement of the ET specific surface area was performed by an ordinary method. The saturated adsorption amount of carbon dioxide was measured by a quartz spring balance method.

【００１９】[0019]

【表１】 [Table 1]

【００２０】[0020]

【発明の効果】本発明の製造方法によれば、二酸化炭素
の飽和吸着量が倍増したを提供することができる。According to the production method of the present invention, it is possible to provide a doubled saturated adsorption amount of carbon dioxide.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図１】 本発明の草炭の製造方法を実施する装置の一
例の説明図。FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of an example of an apparatus for implementing a method for producing peat coal of the present invention.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

１ マイクロ波発生器 ２ 導波管 ３ 処理室 ４ アイソレーター ５ スリー・スタブ同調器 ６ マイクロ波出力計 ７ マイクロ波反射用プランジャ ８ マノメータ ９ 真空計 １０ 液体窒素 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Microwave generator 2 Waveguide 3 Processing room 4 Isolator 5 Three-stub tuning device 6 Microwave power meter 7 Plunger for microwave reflection 8 Manometer 9 Vacuum gauge 10 Liquid nitrogen

Claims (5)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項１】 草炭を加熱処理することを特徴とする吸
着性能を向上させた草炭の製造方法。1. A method for producing peat with improved adsorption performance, comprising heating the peat. 【請求項２】 加熱処理がプラズマ処理または真空加熱
処理である請求項１に記載の製造方法。2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the heat treatment is a plasma treatment or a vacuum heat treatment. 【請求項３】 プラズマ処理が、低温プラズマ処理であ
る請求項２記載の製造方法。3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the plasma processing is a low-temperature plasma processing. 【請求項４】 請求項１〜３のいずれか１項に記載の製
造方法により得られた草炭を用いた一酸化炭素及び／又
は二酸化炭素の除去材。4. A material for removing carbon monoxide and / or carbon dioxide using peat coal obtained by the production method according to claim 1. Description: 【請求項５】 請求項４に記載の除去材を用いた一酸化
炭素及び／又は二酸化炭素除去用フィルター。5. A filter for removing carbon monoxide and / or carbon dioxide using the removing material according to claim 4.
JP10103118A 1998-04-14 1998-04-14 Manufacture of grass peat with enhanced adsorptive performance Pending JPH11290681A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP10103118A JPH11290681A (en) 1998-04-14 1998-04-14 Manufacture of grass peat with enhanced adsorptive performance

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP10103118A JPH11290681A (en) 1998-04-14 1998-04-14 Manufacture of grass peat with enhanced adsorptive performance

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH11290681A true JPH11290681A (en) 1999-10-26

Family

ID=14345680

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP10103118A Pending JPH11290681A (en) 1998-04-14 1998-04-14 Manufacture of grass peat with enhanced adsorptive performance

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH11290681A (en)

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