JPH11276589A - Three-pronged tube - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent oxygen and exhalation from being mixed, to enable to supply oxygen and to dischare the exhalation effectively. SOLUTION: The three-pronged tube 7 is set and used aside a patient P to whom the artificial aspiration machine is mounted in order to have the client inhale the oxygen and exhale. The three-pronged tube 7 consists of three paths 71, 72 and 73 each of which respectively corresponds to the client, the side for providing oxygen and the side for exhalation and pronging point 74 where each road meets. At the pronging point 74, interleaving part 75 is settled as it penetrates from the path 72 for providing the oxygen to the path 71 for the client through both the central part of the tube's cross section and the path 73 for exhalation is connected with part 7 that surrounds the central part of the tube 71's cross section except for the central part.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a three-way branch pipe, and more particularly to a three-way branch pipe suitable for a respirator employing a high-frequency vibration ventilation method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional three-way branch pipe 170 is shown in FIG. FIG. 14A shows the appearance of the three-way branch pipe 170, and FIG. 14B shows the flow of air in the three-way branch pipe 170. In the conventional example shown here, the three-way branch pipe 170
Shows a case in which is used in a respirator.

As shown in FIG. 14A, the three-way branch pipe 170 has three conduits 171, 172, and 173 respectively corresponding to the patient side, the oxygen supply side, and the exhalation discharge side. Both are formed in a Y-shape communicating with each other. The three-way branch pipe 170 is provided with a high frequency vibration ventilation method (hereinafter, HFO).
14), the patient side pipe 171 is connected to the patient side, and the oxygen supply source side pipe 172 is connected as shown in FIG. 14 (B). Connected to the source of oxygen, the expiratory line 173 is used as the exhaust side of the patient's exhalation.

[0004] In an HFO ventilator, oxygen supplied from an oxygen supply source is energized with oscillating air pressure at a predetermined frequency to supply oxygen to a patient's lung. By this oscillating air pressure, continuous supply of oxygen is performed without intermittently repeating forced inhalation and inhalation to the lungs of the patient.

At the time of such oxygen inhalation, oxygen supplied from the oxygen supply line 172 is supplied to the patient via the patient line 171, and a part of excess oxygen is supplied to the oxygen supply line 172. The air flows from the passage 172 to the exhalation discharge line 173 and is exhausted. In addition, carbon dioxide generated inside the lungs of the patient is exhaled from the exhalation discharge line 173 via the patient line 171 as exhalation instead of supplied oxygen.

[0006]

However, in the above-mentioned prior art, since each conduit is concentrated at one branch point, if the exhalation from the patient is only on the exhalation discharge conduit 173 side. Return to the oxygen supply side pipe line 172 side,
Occasionally, it was mixed with the supplied oxygen. For this reason,
Oxygen mixed with carbon dioxide is supplied to the patient in the oxygen supply side line 172 and the exhalation discharge side line 17
3 has not been sufficiently exhausted.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a three-way branch pipe which can solve the disadvantages of the prior art and which can be mounted on a respirator employing a high frequency vibration ventilation method and which can sufficiently exhaust carbon dioxide. And its purpose.

[0008]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, a patient side and an oxygen supply source are provided in a three-way branch pipe which is equipped near a patient and used for a ventilator for inhaling and exhaling oxygen to the patient. There are three conduits respectively corresponding to the side and the exhalation discharge side, and a junction where these join.

A partition is provided at the branch point, and the partition connects the oxygen-supply-source-side pipe with the central portion of the cross-section of the patient-side pipe, and the exhalation-discharge-side pipe and the patient-side pipe. The configuration is such that the pipe is communicated with its peripheral part except for the central part.

In the above-described configuration, the oxygen supply source of the ventilator is connected to the oxygen supply source side pipe, oxygen and exhalation flow with the patient are performed on the patient side pipe, and the exhalation discharge side pipe is connected to the patient. Exhalation is exhausted. When the supply of oxygen from the oxygen source is started, the oxygen reaches the patient through the partition from the oxygen source side line and the patient side line.

At this time, the oxygen that has passed through the partition travels mainly through the central portion of the patient side conduit to the patient because the partition communicates with the central portion of the cross section of the patient side conduit. To reach. Since the patient receives the supply of oxygen and exhausts the exhalation including carbon dioxide, the oxygen and the exhalation face each other in the patient's duct.

At this time, since the oxygen has already flown faster in the central portion of the tube than in the peripheral portion thereof before reaching the three-way branch tube, the oxygen is positively activated in the patient side channel by the partition in the three-way branch tube. It is guided to the central part of it and proceeds. For this reason, the expiration that travels in the opposite direction to the opposite direction avoids the oxygen travel path, and, with the passage of time, the expiration that travels in the peripheral part of the patient side conduit in the opposite direction to the oxygen travel path. Is formed.

The exhaled air thus proceeding is guided to the exhaled air discharge duct by the partition and is discharged to the outside.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the first aspect, the partition has a tubular section having a cross section smaller than the cross section of the patient side conduit, and one end of the tubular section. The portion is disposed at a position corresponding to the central portion of the patient-side conduit so as to face the patient-side conduit, and the other end is communicated with the oxygen supply-side conduit, and a peripheral region outside the tubular portion is provided. Is connected to the expiratory discharge line.

In such a configuration, since the tubular portion of the partition is disposed at a position corresponding to the central portion of the patient-side conduit,
As the oxygen from the oxygen source passes through the tubular section via the oxygen source line, the oxygen further travels in its central portion within the patient line. On the other hand, in the same way as in the first aspect of the present invention, the exhalation from the patient proceeds in the patient's side channel in the opposite direction to the oxygen while avoiding oxygen in the same manner as in the first aspect of the invention. And is guided to the exhalation discharge line to be discharged to the outside.

Further, in addition to the above-described structure, in the invention according to claim 3, each conduit is cylindrical, and in the invention according to claim 4, the tubular portion has a cylindrical shape having an outer diameter smaller than that of the patient side conduit. In the invention according to claim 5, the central portion of the tubular portion and the central axis of the patient-side channel are arranged on the same axis. Even in these configurations, operations similar to the above-described configurations are performed.

The invention according to claim 6 employs a configuration in which the patient side pipeline and the oxygen supply source side pipeline are arranged along the same straight line across the branch point. In such a configuration, a flow is formed in which oxygen supplied from the oxygen supply source travels straight through the oxygen supply source side pipeline and the patient side pipeline.

The present invention is intended to achieve the above-mentioned object by each of the above-mentioned constitutions.

[0019]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In this embodiment, a high frequency vibration ventilation (HF
An example in which the three-way branch pipe 7 is provided near the patient side of the ventilator 12 of O) is shown.

FIG. 1 is an overall view showing the overall structure of a ventilator 12 equipped with a three-way branch pipe 7 according to this embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of the ventilator 12 including the control system. Based on these, the ventilator 12
Will be described.

The ventilator 12 includes an inhalation inlet 62 as an oxygen supply source, a blower 52 (air pressure generation source) for simultaneously generating both positive pressure Ap and negative pressure An air pressure, and a positive pressure generated by the blower 52. A rotary valve mechanism 54 (oscillating air pressure generating mechanism) for alternately selecting the pressure Ap or the negative pressure An and converting it into a predetermined oscillating air pressure Apn;
A diaphragm mechanism 56 that is operated by being urged by the oscillating air pressure Apn from the irrigator 4 and urges the oscillating air pressure to oxygen (strictly, oxygen mixed with air) supplied to the patient P from the inspiratory introduction section 62; Diaphragm 561 of mechanism 56
Neutral position control device 1 for holding diaphragm in neutral position
0.

The three-way branch pipe 7 is disposed downstream of the inspiratory introduction section 6 and in front of the patient P in the respirator 12.

The above-mentioned intake air introduction section 62 includes a blender 621 for inhaling and mixing outside air and oxygen prepared in advance, and a humidifier 62 for humidifying the air sent from the blender 621.
And 2. Humidifier 622 includes humidifier 6
An inspiratory pipe 623 that supplies the inspiratory Ai that has passed through 22 to the patient P is connected. A pressurized chamber 563 is communicated with the intake pipe 623, and a three-way branch pipe 7 described later is provided at an end thereof.
It is connected to the.

The three-way branch pipe 7 is provided with three pipes: a patient-side pipe 71, an oxygen supply-side pipe 72, and an exhalation discharge-side pipe 73. 623
Is connected to In addition, a patient P
The end intake pipe 6
In the middle of 05, a pressure sensor 624 for detecting the inspiratory state of the patient P is attached. Note that the patient-side conduit 71
Is connected to the oxygen supply side line 7.
As shown in the drawing, a pipe that is sufficiently shorter than the intake pipe 623 connected to the second pipe 2 is used.

Further, the exhalation discharge line 73 is connected to one end of a communication tube 604 whose other end is open to the atmosphere.
A flow control valve 607 for adjusting the passing flow rate is provided in the communication pipe 604. Control unit 16 to be described later
Has a function of controlling the passing flow rate by the flow rate control valve 607 according to the output of the pressure sensor 624 described above.

The blower 52 includes a positive pressure pipe 521 and a negative pressure pipe 5.
22, and sucks air from the negative pressure tube 522 and discharges the air from the positive pressure tube 521. This positive pressure tube 521 includes
An orifice tube 524 communicating with the outside air is connected, and an orifice tube 523 communicating with the outside air is connected to the negative pressure tube 522.

The rotary valve mechanism 54 includes a port 54
A rotary valve 544 having 1,542,543;
And a driving unit 545 for rotating the rotary valve 544. The drive unit 545 includes an electric motor and a speed reducer (not shown), and sets the rotary valve 544 to, for example, 900
Rotate at [rpm]. Each time the rotary valve 544 makes one rotation, only the port 541 and the port 543 communicate once, and then only the port 542 and the port 543 communicate once. Thereby, the oscillating air pressure Apn having a frequency of 15 [Hz] is applied to the supplied oxygen. Port 54
A vibration air pressure tube 546 for transmitting the vibration air pressure Apn to the diaphragm mechanism 56 is connected to the third valve 3. A flow control valve 547 is inserted into the oscillating pneumatic tube 546.

The diaphragm mechanism 56 includes a pressurizing chamber 562 and a pressurized chamber 563, and a diaphragm 561 formed of an extensible member that partitions between the pressurizing chamber 562 and the pressurized chamber 563. I have. The pressurizing chamber 562 is connected to the oscillating pneumatic tube 546.

Next, the diaphragm neutral position control device 10
Will be described. The diaphragm neutral position control device 10 includes a diaphragm position sensor 601 for detecting the position of the diaphragm 561 of the diaphragm mechanism 56, a pressure control valve 14 (pressure control mechanism) for controlling the positive pressure Ap, the negative pressure An, or the oscillating air pressure Apn. And a control unit 16 for controlling the pressure control valve 14 based on the position of the diaphragm 561 detected by the diaphragm position sensor 601.

The pressure control valve 14 is structurally similar to a rotary valve, and includes a main body 146 having ports 141 to 145, and each of the ports 141 to 1 inside the main body 146.
The rotary body 149 connects the rotary bodies 45 in a predetermined combination, and an actuator 147 rotates the rotary body 149 in the forward and reverse directions. Actuator 147
Is composed of an electric motor and a speed reducer (not shown).
9 can be rotated to a desired angle.

The port 141 of the compression control valve 14
A positive pressure bypass pipe 181 communicating with the positive pressure pipe 521 is connected. The port 142 is connected to a negative pressure bypass pipe 182 communicating with the negative pressure pipe 522. Port 143
Is connected to a vibrating pneumatic bypass pipe 183 that communicates with the vibrating pneumatic pipe 546. The ports 144 and 145 are connected to the atmosphere release ports 184 and 185, respectively.

Normally, when all ports 141 to 145 are closed and the position of the diaphragm 561 of the diaphragm mechanism 56 is abnormal, the compression valve 14 is switched to the following two states. Can be

That is, in one of the states (hereinafter referred to as “switching A”), the ports 141 and 144 and the ports 142 and 143 communicate with each other, and the port 145 is closed. As a result, the absolute value of the positive pressure Ap generated by the blower 52 is reduced, and the negative pressure An generated by the blower 52 is energized to the oscillating air pressure Apn that energizes the diaphragm 561.

The other state (hereinafter, "switching B")
), The port 142 and the port 145 and the port 141 and the port 143 are communicated with each other.
4 is closed. Thus, the absolute value of the negative pressure An generated by the blower 52 is reduced, and the diaphragm 56
The positive pressure Ap generated by the blower 52 is urged to the oscillating air pressure Apn that urges 1.

The control unit 16 includes, for example, a CPU, a ROM, an R
It is a microcomputer including an AM, an input / output interface, and the like. The control unit 16 always determines the deviation of the average neutral position of the diaphragm 561 based on the operation information of the diaphragm 561 obtained from the diaphragm position sensor 601. When the average neutral position of the diaphragm 561 shifts, the control unit 16 operates as follows.

When the neutral position of the diaphragm 561 shifts to the patient P side (right side in FIG. 2), the pressure control valve 14
To switch A. Then, the absolute value of the positive pressure Ap generated in the blower 52 decreases, and the negative pressure An generated in the blower 52 is urged to the oscillating air pressure Apn, so that the oscillating air pressure Apn decreases. Thereby, the neutral position of the diaphragm 561 returns to the center (to the left in FIG. 2).

Conversely, when the neutral position of the diaphragm 561 shifts toward the blower 52 (the left side in FIG. 2), the switch B is set. Then, the negative pressure An generated by the blower 52
Is decreased and the positive pressure Ap generated by the blower 52 is urged to the oscillating air pressure Apn, so that the oscillating air pressure Apn increases. Thereby, the diaphragm 56
The neutral position of 1 returns to the center (to the right in FIG. 2).

The time required to return the diaphragm 561 to the neutral position controls not only the positive pressure Ap but also the negative pressure An, and releases the oscillating air pressure Apn to the negative pressure An side or the positive pressure Ap side instead of the atmosphere. As a result, a large pressure difference can be used, so that the speed can be more effectively and appropriately increased.

The three-way branch pipe 7 will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. FIG. 3 is a front view of the three-way branch pipe 7, and FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of the three-way branch pipe 7.
The three-way branch pipe 7 includes the three pipes of the patient side pipe 71, the oxygen supply side pipe 72, and the exhalation discharge side pipe 73, as described above, and the branch point 74 where these pipes join. A partition 75 is provided inside the branch point 74.

The branch point 74 is formed of a cylindrical member whose both ends are open, and a concentric, cylindrical patient-side conduit 71 is integrally formed at one end thereof. The branch point 74
At the other end, a concentric, cylindrical oxygen supply-side pipe 72 is also inserted. That is, the outer diameter of the oxygen supply source side pipe line 72 is set substantially equal to the inner diameter of the branch point 74, and FIG.
It can be mounted freely by insertion. In this inserted state, the patient side line 71 and the oxygen supply side line 72
And concentrically.

As shown in FIG. 4, the oxygen supply source side pipe 72 is integrally formed with a partition 7 at the end on the insertion side to the branch point 74.
5 are provided. The partition 75 has a cylindrical tubular portion 75a whose outer diameter is set smaller than that of the oxygen supply source side pipeline 72 at an insertion end thereof.
and a narrowed portion 75b whose cross-sectional shape is slanted in accordance with the outer diameter thereof between the line a and the oxygen supply source side pipeline 72.

An exhalation discharge line 73 is vertically connected through the side surface of the branch point 74. In a state where the oxygen supply source side pipe 72 is attached to the branch point 73, the end of the exhalation discharge side pipe 73 on the branch point connection side has just
It is in a state facing the side surface of the partition 75.

Further, the end of the exhalation discharge line 73 opposite to the branch point is formed in a bent shape so as to be parallel to the oxygen supply source line 72. As a result, the pipes respectively connected to the oxygen supply-side pipe line 72 and the exhalation discharge-side pipe line 73 are arranged close to and parallel to each other. The size of the container 12 can be reduced. The end of the expiratory discharge line 73 may be bent so as to be parallel to the patient line 71.

Since the three-way branch pipe 7 has the above-described positional relationship with each other, as shown in FIG.
The pipe 75 is partitioned by a partition 75 so that the central portion 71a of the tube cross section communicates with the oxygen supply source side channel 72 and the peripheral portion 71b except for the central portion of the tube cross section of the patient side channel 71. I have.

Here, the principle of separating oxygen (inspired) supplied from the three-way branch pipe 7 from exhaled air from a patient will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 5 shows the state of the flow of the fluid near the end of the pipe when an oscillating flow (reciprocating flow) occurs in a pipe having a uniform inner diameter without a partition. First, as shown in FIG. 5A, when the fluid is sent through the pipe toward the pipe end,
Since there is a flow resistance near the inner wall surface of the pipe, the flow velocity in the central portion is higher in the central portion than in the peripheral portion outside the central portion.

Therefore, when an oscillating flow in which the total flow rate in the left-right direction in the figure is 0 (the feed amount and the return amount are the same amount) is performed on the fluid passing through the pipe, FIG. As such, the fluid particles in the central portion of the tubing are relatively advanced and the fluid particles in the peripheral portion are relatively retracted. On the other hand, if a flow occurs in the direction of pushing back the fluid in the direction shown in FIG. 5B from the end of the pipe, the flow is hardly changed between the central part and the peripheral part because of the end of the pipe. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5 (C), the state in which the fluid particles in the central part are relatively advanced is still maintained (from the reference "New Version of the Respirator, Basic and Clinical", p. 438).

In the three-way branch pipe 7, the oscillating flow is continuously performed as shown in FIG. 5, so that the oxygen that has passed through the intake pipe 623 advances at the central portion, so that the oxygen (O ₂ ) Exhaled air (CO ₂ ) from the patient is positively separated by a partition 75, and in the patient-side conduit 71, an oxygen flow is formed in a central portion 71 a and an exhaled air flow is formed in a peripheral portion 71 b, and exhaled air is discharged. Exhaust is effectively exhausted to the side conduit 73 (FIGS. 6 and 7).

According to the above principle, the three-way branch pipe 7
The shorter the pipe connected to the patient-side pipe 71, the shorter the pipe connected to the oxygen-supply-side pipe 72, the more the oxygen advances in the central part. Is effectively separated from the exhaled air. The three-way branch pipe 7 is provided in the vicinity of the patient side of the ventilator 12. As described above, the terminal inspiratory pipe 605, which is a pipe on the patient side pipe 71 side, is connected to the oxygen supply source side pipe 72. As a matter of course, it is set shorter than the intake pipe 623 which is the pipe on the side. Therefore, in the patient-side conduit 71 of the three-way branch tube 7, separation of oxygen and expiration is performed sufficiently effectively.

Next, the operation of the respirator 12 will be described.
The supply of the intake air Ai from the intake introduction unit 62 is started, and the blower 52 starts driving. Positive pressure A generated from blower 52
The p and the negative pressure An become the oscillating air pressure Apn by the rotary valve mechanism 54 and are transmitted to the diaphragm mechanism 56. In the diaphragm mechanism 56, the diaphragm 561 vibrates according to the cycle of the oscillating air pressure Apn, and the vibration of the diaphragm 561 changes the pressure in the intake pipe 623. Also, at all times,
Inspiration Ai is supplied to the patient P. The expiration of the patient P is discharged from the flow control valve 607. The flow control valve 607 is
It is always open enough for exhalation to flow.

The unevenness of the diaphragm 561 is detected by the diaphragm position sensor 601 and is constantly output to the control unit 16 as operation information of the diaphragm 561. Here, if the irregular movement of the diaphragm 561 is disturbed due to spontaneous breathing, this information is immediately output to the control unit 16. Then, for example, when the neutral position of the diaphragm 561 shifts to the patient P side (the right side in the drawing), the control unit 16 sets the pressure control valve 14 to switching A, and centers the neutral position of the diaphragm 561 (FIG. 2). Back to the left). When the neutral position of the diaphragm 561 shifts toward the blower 52 (left side in FIG. 2), the switching B
And returns the neutral position of the diaphragm 561 to the center (to the right in FIG. 2). Thereby, the diaphragm 5
In 61, the neutral position is always maintained at the center, and stable expiration inhalation is performed.

On the other hand, in the three-way branch pipe 7, the intake pipe 62
3 is supplied to the oxygen supply side pipe 72.
Pass through the partition 75. Thereby, the patient side line 7
1 is guided to the central portion 71a. At this time, the inspired air is in a state where the central portion of the tube cross section is more advanced than the peripheral portion, so that the expiration from the patient P moves to the peripheral portion 71b in the patient side conduit. For this reason, in the patient-side conduit 71, a flow of inhalation that travels through the central portion 71a toward the patient and a flow of expiration that travels through the peripheral portion 71b are formed.

Thus, in the patient-side conduit 71,
Mixing of inhalation and exhalation is suppressed, and the exhalation that travels in the surrounding portion 71b passes outside the tubular portion 75a of the partition 75 and is effectively guided to the exhalation discharge side conduit 73 side, and the respirator 12 It is exhausted outside.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the partition 75 is provided in the three-way branch pipe 7 particularly when the ventilator 12 employs the high-frequency vibration ventilation method. The flow of oxygen toward the patient can be formed in the central portion 71a, and the exhalation from the patient can be formed in the surrounding portion 71b. It is possible to perform exhalation.

Further, in order to effectively separate the flow path of oxygen and exhalation, interference of these flows in the three-way branch pipe 7 is suppressed, the flow resistance is reduced, the oxygen supply amount is increased, and the exhalation exhaust amount is increased. It is possible to achieve.

Further, in the three-way branch pipe 7, the patient side pipe 7
1 and the oxygen supply source side pipe line 72 are arranged along the same straight line, so that the straightness of the supplied oxygen is ensured,
The above-described effects can be further improved because the center portion of the patient-side conduit 71 is favorably advanced.

[0056]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In this embodiment, the three-way branch pipe 7 described above is used.
The results of a test performed by connecting an artificial model lung M instead of the patient P to the ventilator 12 having Although not shown, the model lung M is provided with a supply unit for supplying a constant amount of carbon dioxide. Also,
As a comparative example, a comparison is made with a respirator 12 equipped with a conventional three-way branch pipe 170 (see FIG. 14) instead of the three-way branch pipe 7.

When the frequency of the oscillating pressure is set to 15 [Hz] with respect to the model lung M and a constant amount of carbon dioxide is supplied to the model lung M, the change in the carbon dioxide concentration in the model lung per unit time is calculated. FIG. 9 shows the change when the supply of carbon dioxide is stopped thereafter, and FIG. 10 shows the same change. FIG. 11 shows the internal pressure of each part of the ventilator and the model lung during the test, and FIG. 12 shows the change in the internal pressure of the model lung connected to the ventilator 12 having the three-way branch pipe 7 in a very short time. FIG. 13 shows the change in internal pressure in a very short time of the model lung connected to the ventilator 12 provided with the conventional three-way branch pipe 17 (the horizontal scale in FIGS.
[msec]).

As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, when the three-way branch pipe 7 according to the present invention is used, the carbon dioxide concentration inside the model lung M is always reduced as compared with the conventional three-way branch pipe 170. This indicates that the gas in the model lung is effectively discharged.

Further, from FIGS. 11 to 13, when the three-way branch pipe 7 is used, the internal pressure of the model lung M is always higher than that of the conventional three-way branch pipe 170. Is effectively sent into the model lung.

That is, by applying the three-way branch pipe 7 according to the present invention to the ventilator 12, the carbon dioxide in the lungs and the supplied oxygen are effectively exchanged for the lungs of the patient. You can see that.

[0061]

According to the present invention, the oxygen supply source side pipe and the central part of the cross section of the patient side pipe are communicated with each other inside the branch point of the three-way branch pipe, and the exhalation discharge side pipe and the patient side pipe are connected. A partition is provided to communicate with the peripheral part except for the central part of the tube cross section, so that in the patient-side conduit, oxygen flow toward the patient is formed in the central part, and exhalation from the patient is formed in the peripheral part. Thus, it is possible to effectively supply oxygen and discharge exhaled air without mixing opposing oxygen and exhaled air flows.

In particular, according to the invention of the present application, when equipped with a respirator that employs a high-frequency vibration ventilation method, it is possible to more effectively separate supplied oxygen and expiration, and to sufficiently exhaust carbon dioxide. It is possible to do.

In order to effectively separate the flow path of oxygen and expiration, the interference of these flows in the three-way branch pipe is suppressed, the flow resistance is reduced, the oxygen supply amount is increased, and the exhalation exhaust amount is increased. It is possible.

Further, when the patient-side conduit and the oxygen supply source-side conduit are arranged along the same straight line, the straightness of the supplied oxygen is ensured, and the patient-side conduit within the patient-side conduit is favorably provided. Because of the progress of the central portion, it is possible to more effectively supply oxygen and discharge expiration, and it is possible to further increase the oxygen supply amount and the exhalation exhaust amount.

Since the present invention is constructed and functions as described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide an excellent three-way branch pipe which has not been achieved in the past.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a simplified block diagram showing each configuration of the embodiment of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a front view showing the three-way branch pipe disclosed in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of the three-way branch pipe of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the principle of the present invention.
(A) shows the flow velocity state of the fluid when pressure is applied to one side, FIG. 5 (B) shows the flow velocity state of the fluid when pressure is applied to the other side, and FIG. 4 shows a distribution state of fluid particles that have passed.

FIG. 6 is a partially omitted axial sectional view showing the flow of expiration and inspiration in the three-way branch pipe.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along a plane perpendicular to an axis showing the flow of expiration in the three-way branch pipe.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a ventilator equipped with a model lung for testing.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a change in carbon dioxide concentration in a model lung in a state where carbon dioxide is supplied by a test device provided with a three-way branch pipe of the present invention and a conventional three-way branch pipe.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a change in carbon dioxide concentration in a model lung in a state where carbon dioxide is not supplied by a test apparatus provided with a three-way branch pipe of the present invention and a conventional three-way branch pipe.

FIG. 11 is a table showing the internal pressure of each part of the test apparatus.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a change in carbon dioxide concentration in a model lung in a short time by a conventional three-way branch pipe.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a change in carbon dioxide concentration in a model lung in a short time by the three-way branch pipe of the present invention.

14A and 14B show a conventional three-way branch pipe, wherein FIG. 14A is a front view and FIG. 14B is a cross-sectional view.

[Explanation of symbols]

 7 Three-way branch pipe 71 Patient side pipe 71a Central part 71b Peripheral part 72 Oxygen supply side pipe 73 Expiration discharge side pipe 74 Branch point 75 Partition 75a Tubular part 12 Respirator 62 Exhalation introduction part (Oxygen supply source) P patient

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Yasuhito Sugiura 2-1, Sakuranamiki, Tsuzuki-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture Inside Suzuki Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Katsuyoshi Suzuki 2 Sakuranamiki, Tsuzuki-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa 2 No. 1 Suzuki Corporation Technical Research Institute (72) Inventor Kenhiro Kamata 2-1 Suzuki Corporation Technical Research Center (72) Inventor Tomohisa Otake Sakura Tsuzuki Ward, Yokohama, Kanagawa Prefecture Namiki 2-1 Suzuki Corporation Technical Research Institute

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A three-way branch pipe which is provided near a patient on a ventilator for inhaling and exhaling oxygen to a patient, wherein the three-way branch pipe corresponds to a patient side, an oxygen supply side, and an exhalation exhaust side, respectively. Two conduits and a branch point where each of these conduits joins, and a partition is provided at the branch point, and the partition is a central portion of the cross section of the oxygen supply source side pipeline and the patient side pipeline. And a communication between the exhalation discharge-side conduit and a peripheral portion of the cross-section of the patient-side conduit except for a central portion thereof. 2. The partition has a tubular portion having a cross section smaller than a tube cross section of the patient side conduit, and one end of the tubular portion is directed toward the patient side conduit so that a center of the patient side conduit is located. And the other end is communicated with the oxygen-supply-side conduit, and a peripheral area outside the tubular portion is communicated with the exhalation-discharge-side conduit. The three-way branch pipe according to claim 1, wherein 3. The three-way branch pipe according to claim 2, wherein each of the pipes has a cylindrical shape. 4. The three-way branch tube according to claim 3, wherein the tubular portion has a cylindrical shape with an outer diameter smaller than the patient-side conduit. 5. The arrangement in which respective central axes of the tubular portion and the patient-side conduit are on the same axis.
The three-way branch pipe as described. 6. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the patient side line and the oxygen supply side line are arranged along the same straight line across the branch point. The three-way branch pipe as described.