JPH11276090A - Rearing of pigeon with bean milk - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for rearing a pigeon with bean milk, enabling the rearing of the pigeon from the egg, capable of shortening the next egg laying cycle of a parent bird to raise the efficiency of pigeon culture, and capable of facilitating to obtain and buy a pedigree kind or rare kind of pigeon. SOLUTION: This method for artificially rearing a pigeon with bean milk comprises administering an artificially providable alternative feed in stead of the chyle of a parent bird to a squab after hatched and subsequently manually or mechanically administering a general feed, until the squab can take the feed by oneself. Therein, the alternative feed is a colloidal solution consisting mainly of soybean milk and stable in such an extent as not coagulated in the craw of the pigeon squab.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method of rearing pigeons. The pigeon here refers to birds belonging to the pigeon family Pigeonidae.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art One of the characteristics common to the birds belonging to the order Pigeonidae is that when a chick is raised, the parent bird secretes chyle or pigeon milk (p.
Giving the chicks a unique milk called an "egeon-milk". This allows pigeons to breed throughout the year almost unaffected by food and other circumstances, but it is not possible to raise chicks without the help of parent birds. It is a big restriction.
In the case of chicken, which is a typical poultry, chicks can collect food by themselves immediately after hatching, and parent birds can transfer to the next spawning without laying labor after raising eggs.

[0003] Of the birds of the order Pigeonidae, those well-known as poultry are mainly members of the genus Oribat, which include racing pigeons, pigeons, edible pigeons, and viewing pigeons such as the Jacobian. The standard life cycle when rearing is shown in the flowchart of FIG. Females lay eggs about 5 days to 1 week after mating of the male and female parent birds. Usually 2 eggs every other day
The bird is laid alone and the parent bird begins to incubate immediately. About 1 egg
It hatches after 8 days, but from 1 week to 10 days after hatching,
Parent birds give chicks milk-like secretions called chyle by mouth-to-mouth. The chyle is secreted by both male and female parent birds, but only the parent bird that has hatched and hatched eggs can secrete at that time. After this, the chicks are still unable to sniff on their own food, and are fed by mouth from the parent bird. However, the food at this time is the same as that of millet, which is a normal food collected by adult pigeons. About 20 days after hatching, the chicks will be able to collect food from the feed box by themselves, and even if they are left alone, they will continue to grow naturally, but if they are kept together with the parent bird, they will still become parent birds. Ask the mouth transfer to be fed. After about 10 days, the birds will fly off, but they will continue to receive food from their parent birds, so pigeonmen such as racing pigeons will be forced to separate from their parent birds and stand alone at this time for the purpose of managing the character of the chicks. It is. On the other hand, when the parent bird abandons the breeding of the chick on the way for some reason or when the chick is separated from the parent bird early for the purpose of acclimatizing the chick, the chick has already finished the growth process by chyle. It is known that if they are raised afterwards, they will be raised by human hands.

[0004] The paired parent birds that have finished raising the chicks are:
It moves on to the preparation of the next spawning and repeats the same process. The pigeon society is monogamous, and once a pair is formed, the combination does not change unless there is special circumstances, and the next spawning and breeding of chicks do not need time for mating . When the number of days required for one cycle of this repetition is extracted based on FIG. 1, the chick becomes able to collect food on its own. The result is 43 days. The transition of the state of the parent bird in this case is shown by the return route 2 in the diagram of FIG. It seems that the number of days required for each process differs slightly depending on the species of pigeons other than the genus Pigeon, but the composition of each stage of breeding chicks is the same.

[0005]

In the above-mentioned breeding of chicks, two pigeons are born in one cycle, but more pigeons are bred for a certain number of parent pigeons. It is naturally conceivable to reduce the period required for this one cycle, and the main problem of the present invention lies here. For this purpose, humans or machines may take part in the process of raising the chicks performed by the parent bird. For example, it is a well-known matter that hatching a spawned egg does not require the parent bird to incubate, but instead puts it in a warmer that can maintain a constant temperature. Generally, regardless of the type of bird, the temperature of the nest is about 5 ° C. lower than the body temperature of the parent bird, and it is known that if the egg is kept at this temperature, the egg will hatch. If the chick is unable to feed on its own immediately after hatching, a human or a machine may throw the food into its mouth until the chick can snatch the food on its own. However, in the case of pigeons, there is a process in which the parent feeds the chicks with chyle. For this reason, they have to rely on the parent birds until the chicks can digest the normal food. One cycle cannot be shortened from 33 days.

[0006]

[Means to Solve the Problem] If there is an alternative to chyle, the parent bird only needs to take the labor of spawning, and as shown in return route 1 in FIG. It is evident that the crossing for egg laying should be shifted to that the period of one cycle is drastically shortened. But,
Chilly is a secretion unique to pigeons and its properties are special.It is impossible to find alternatives as well as artificially synthesized, and traditionally raise chickens from eggs among pigeon farmers There is no example of this being done. On the other hand, pigeons are generally herbivores, and some wild species harvest fruits, but most feed on cereals.

[0007] In view of the above-mentioned reasons, the present applicant has administered soymilk, a vegetable and milky nutrient source, to hatched chicks as an alternative feed to chyle. They found that it was possible, and confirmed the feasibility of artificially rearing pigeons that raised chicks directly from eggs without the help of parent birds. Along with this, several artificially raised pigeons from eggs were born, but according to the conventional knowledge of pigeon farmers that it is impossible to breed with alternatives other than chyle, it is the world's first artificially raised pigeon become. The mode of the artificial rearing will be described later in detail in "Examples".

[0008]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION In the process of raising pigeons based on the artificial breeding method according to the present invention, the substance supplied to the chicks from hatching to the start of normal feeding is changed from chyle to artificial feed, and the parent birds carry out after laying eggs. The process is basically the same as that of FIG. 1 except that the process is performed by a person or a machine. However, a slight difference occurs in the required number of days, the form of ordinary bait, and the like, and is shown again in the flowchart of FIG. The laid eggs are kept in a temperature-controlled incubator for about 18 days as in the incubation period of the parent bird. The body temperature of the parent bird of the pigeon is 41 to 42 ° C., and is kept constant at a temperature slightly lower than this. It is well known that eggs can be hatched artificially if the heat is kept properly. If the return cycle of the parent bird is not minimized, part of the incubation period of the egg can be replaced by incubation of the parent bird. This process is the same regardless of whether the parent bird or the warming device performs because the process only keeps the eggs at a constant temperature.

[0009] Immediately after hatching, administration of soymilk is started. About 1
After continuing for about 0 days, a certain increase in body weight is confirmed, and then administration of normal diet is started. The same cereals as for adult birds are given, but at first, feed is taken from powdered ordinary feed powder with water, etc., and gradually increase to the digestive power of chicks, and gradually replace them with granular normal feed grains. If the growth by soymilk is sufficient, the administration of the normal bait grains may be started by selecting small grains without passing through the normal bait powder.
It is also conceivable that the bait is processed before administration such that it is easily digested by heating or immersion in water. After that, the chicks will be able to feed on their own, so they should be left in an appropriate environment. After hatching, it is necessary to keep the chicks warm until the breeding with normal diet has progressed to some extent. In the above process, after the step of administering the normal bait powder, it is a well-known breeding method that has been sometimes carried out by foalers for chicks that have been raised by chyle from parent birds. The required number of days between each stage after hatching in the diagram of FIG. 2 is an average value from the case of artificial breeding by the applicant described later in “Examples” and is not definitive. This may change significantly with future breeding cases, breeding methods, and improvements in artificial feed, which is an alternative feed to chyle.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The artificial breeding method according to the present invention provides a method of breeding by feeding a chick that can be artificially procured or manufactured, instead of chyle given to the chick by a parent during natural breeding.
It is possible to perform all processes other than spawning manually, but it is sufficient to keep the eggs in the incubator from spawning to hatching, and for the processes after the growth period due to chyle. There are breeding methods that have already been carried out by pigeon farmers. Therefore, the main point of the artificial breeding method is breeding using chyle substitute feed. Well-known techniques exist for other breeding processes.

The present applicant reports the results of artificial rearing of pigeons using soymilk as the alternative feed. The artificial rearing was carried out mainly from 1987 to 1988. As is well known, soy milk is originally produced as an intermediate product when producing tofu from soybeans, but it is an aqueous solution of polymer colloid of soy protein obtained by crushing soy beans and extracting components with hot water. is there. Tofu is made by coagulating the colloidal particles by throwing an electrolyte called "nigari". In recent years, soymilk products for drinking soymilk itself have come to market. Commercially available soymilk was used for the artificial breeding to obtain reproducibility of the breeding situation. The product name, manufacturer, and components of the soymilk used below are described based on the items described on the product packaging container. Since there is a slight time lag from the time of submission of this specification, there may be a slight difference in the sales situation and the like.

<Feed I> ... Product name "raw soymilk" (trade name at the time of submission of this specification "soy milk which can be made with tofu"), product name "soy milk", manufacturer "Nagoya Seidai Co., Ltd." 310 Sunamachi, soybean solid content 10% or more, raw material name soybean,
Nutrition component in 100g Energy 55kcal Water 8
9g Protein 5.0g Lipid 3.0g Carbohydrate 1.5g
Calcium 30mg Vitamin _B 1 0.1 mg Vitamin _B 2 0.04 mg Vitamin E2.5mg linoleic acid 1.4g linolenic acid 0.2g

<Feed II> ... Product name "adjusted soymilk straight", product name "adjusted soymilk", manufacturer "Kibun Health Foods Co., Ltd." 1-11-1-8 Shinsayama, Sayama-shi, Saitama, soybean solid content 7%, raw materials Name soybean corn oil fructose glucose liquid sugar honey salt calcium lactate emulsifier
Flavoring, 200ml nutrients in energy 116kc
al Vegetable protein 7.2 g Vegetable fat 8.6 g
(Internal linoleic acid 4.0 g) Carbohydrate 4.8 g Calcium 1
00mg Vitamin E 8.0mg Salt 0.32g

<Feed III> Product name "Sung Glow (plain)", product name "adjusted soy milk", manufacturer "Meiji Dairies Co., Ltd. Gunma Plant", 1741-1 Naganumacho, Isesaki City, Gunma Prefecture.
Soybean solid content 7%, Raw material name Soybean mizuame corn oil salt Calcium carbonate, 200 ml Nutrition components Calories 113 kcal Protein 6.6 g Fat 6.4 g (3.1 g of linoleic acid) Saccharide 9.9 g Vitamin E 9 mg

<Feed IV> ... Product name "adjusted soymilk new straight", product name "adjusted soymilk", manufacturer "Nisshin Oil Co., Ltd." 1-23-1 Shinkawa, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, soybean solid content 8
%, Name of raw material soy fructose glucose liquid sugar salt flavoring, 200ml nutrients energy 93kcal
Vegetable protein 8.0 g Vegetable fat 4.1 g (internal linoleic acid 2.3 g) Carbohydrate 5.6 g Calcium 23.0 m
g Vitamin E 4.6mg Lecithin 137mg No cholesterol detected

Hereinafter, in the present specification, each of the above-mentioned soy milk products is referred to by the feed number described at the beginning of each section, and a pigeon artificially bred by administration of soy milk is called a soy milk pigeon.
Soy milk products are "soy milk" and "adjusted soy milk" according to JAS standards.
The soymilk drink is classified into three groups, and among the four soymilk products, feed I is “soymilk”, “feed II and feed III”.
And feed IV are classified as “adjusted soy milk”.

The manner of raising soymilk pigeons is described below. The eggs just before hatching are separated from the parent birds and hatched in a heat insulator. As a heat retaining device, a commercially available cushion type temperature controller for humans (“TYPE E5B2 S1C manufactured by OMRON Corporation”) is used.
H)) was used for keeping the eggs warm until hatching after detaching them from the parent bird and for keeping the chickens warm thereafter. Immediately after hatching, pour the soy milk into the chick's mouth with a dropper. The feed taken into the pigeon's body is first retained in an organ called “sac”, which is a type of stomach, and is then gradually digested.
The sac is located near the chest under the mouth and neck, and the swelling condition can be easily observed from the outside, so that the situation of feed collection can be known. Except at night, soy milk was given so that the bulge could be maintained at all times. The swelling of chicks reared in their natural state and fed chyle by their parent birds can reach half to two-thirds of the chick's entire body. The dose of soy milk was about 10 cc per day immediately after hatching, but gradually increased to about 60 cc per day. In the growing season using soymilk, the stool, which is an excrement, is watery, unlike breeding in the natural state, so the breeding environment must be repeatedly cleaned.

After that, the feed was switched to a normal cereal feed, which is a normal feed, and the chicks were allowed to open their mouths and fed the feed by hand until the chicks could feed themselves and feed themselves. Normal bait is commercially available as pigeon bait. At first, the pestle was crushed with a mill to obtain a powder, which was removed with water and given as “battered bait”. After the self-feeding stage, even if the environment is appropriate, the chicks can grow on their own and fly before leaving. It can be said that the purpose of artificial breeding has been completed by feeding the food on its own, but if it grew up to the stage of accepting normal food at an earlier stage, the role of soymilk as a substitute for chyle could be fulfilled.

The artificial rearing was carried out on about 20 chicks. Plentex and Southern race pigeons were used, but no difference was observed between the pigeon species. The results for each feed are described below. All the chicks using Feed I dropped out. The same is true for a stock solution diluted several times with water. It was confirmed by external touch that all the chicks that had fallen had lumps presumably due to coagulation and gelation of the feed in the guinea pig.

For the feed II, the chicks to which the stock solution was administered as it was dropped 8 days after hatching. When the chicks were incised from the fallen chicks, coagulated sediments of large feed could be taken out. The clot is 30g in total weight when the birds fall
Had reached half. For the same feed, first dilute the stock solution three times after hatching, and then gradually reduce the concentration of the stock solution to the stock solution while confirming from the outside that no coagulum forms. The chicks using the raised ones grew well and reached the point where they flew away. Hereinafter, in the present specification, the pigeon that has grown to the stage of flying by this feed II is referred to as Piakora.

The feed III was administered to about 10 chicks, but most of them grew smoothly and came to feed themselves. Two of them took off. In the present specification, the first hatched pigeon of the two birds will be referred to as Toppo, and the latter one will be referred to as Pippo. The Toppo is the world's first artificially reared pigeon from eggs. The dropping of chicks that grew to their own foraging but did not fly away was due to the breeding environment, as well as to bullying by other adult pigeons that had been bred and the enemy "crow". In some cases birds fell before self-feeding, which occurred during the switch from soy milk to regular feed powder. This is probably due to the administration of the normal bait powder with the soymilk left in the shell or the addition of a commercially available small bird calcium supplement to the soymilk for the purpose of supplementing the calcium deficiency described below.

[0022] The result of the feed IV is in a state without any
Although there has been no case of reaching foraging on its own, there are cases where it has continued to grow after switching to normal feeding and survived for about 3 weeks after hatching. It had the appearance of a normal chick with some feathers and growth, but the body was weak and did not grow further. Like the other feeds, the presence of lumps, which seemed to be the coagulation and gelation of the soy milk feed, could be confirmed by touch in the chicks of the chicks that had fallen. Increasing breeding cases may result in chicks growing further and reaching their own foraging.

The Toppo and Pippo went out for a walk afterwards and did not return. After hatching, the Toppo was missing in about 2 months and the Pippo was missing in about 4 months. The Piacola survives as it is, and has been alive for about 10 years without any illness from hatching in February 1988 to the filing of this patent application. The pigeons were male and during this period, about 10 pigeons were produced, indicating that they were fertile. However, the female mating pigeon is a pigeon that has grown normally in a natural state, not by artificial breeding. All the pigeons were raised in their natural state, but grew exactly like normal pigeons.

Next, the difference between the artificially reared soymilk pigeon and the naturally reared pigeon reared by a parent bird in a natural state will be described.
FIG. 3 shows the increase in body weight after hatching of the soymilk pigeon Pippo in comparison with naturally raised chicks. In the figure, a closed circle indicates the Pippo, and an open circle indicates the measured weight of a naturally reared pigeon in grams. The horizontal axis in the figure is the number of days elapsed after hatching. In addition, in order to show each stage of the growth corresponding to FIG. 2, the arrow 3 indicates the start of the normal bait flour, the arrow 4 indicates the start of the normal bait grain, the arrow 5 indicates the start of the self-feeding, and the time when the fly is possible. Is indicated by an arrow 6. The process was almost the same for the Toppo and Piakora. A naturally bred pigeon is a case where two parents raise one chick and one bird is a feeder. Obviously, the weight gain of artificially reared soymilk pigeons is slow. However, the body weight continued to increase after the period described in FIG. 3 and reached an area of 350 to 400 g, which is the weight of a normal pigeon, three months after hatching. However, it is still a little small, and a naturally raised normal pigeon becomes obese when it is raised warmly in a basket without giving enough food and exercising, and it may exceed 500 g, but soy milk The pigeon weighed just over 350 g and did not gain any more weight.

In addition, when the soymilk was fed during the feeding period, poor growth of the foot was apparently considered to be calcium deficient. However, after switching to the normal diet, volley powder, which is a calcium source, was appropriately fed and recovered, and Seen the development of. The flying ability seemed to be somewhat inferior, tended to return faster than other pigeons even when taking a walk, and the days when the Toppo and Pippo were missing were windy days. The Piakora is also 199
He was temporarily missing in June of the year. Immediately after moving the birdcage place from Higashinakano, Nakano-ku, Tokyo to Tsukuda, Chuo-ku, Tokyo,
The spouse pigeon jumped out of the place where the spouse was piggybacked, and the spouse returned safely to Nakano, but the Piacola was missing. Fortunately, I was on a crawler of the Japan Pigeon Racing Association (football number 88XB06942), so I was protected by a good citizen when I lost my way in Takashimadaira, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo. It has returned to the applicant. He has received impressions from the parents that he is a friendly pigeon. By the way, the ankle number of Pippo is 88XB06940. Since the Toppo had no precedent for artificial breeding and was in a stage where it was not expected to grow safely, no ankle was attached.

The soymilk pigeon may have some weaknesses in its instinct and direction. However, it seems to be strong in terms of physical strength, and it is generally said that chicks receive immunity from parent birds through chyle, but even though chyle has not been conferred, the Piakola has become sick like a disease to date. If there is no free time, they are chasing female pigeons and they are active.

The following description will be made in connection with the fact that different breeding results were obtained depending on the soymilk feed used. Soy milk is a colloidal solution in which a high-molecular protein is dispersed as colloidal particles in an aqueous solution. Under certain conditions, the colloidal particles aggregate to cause coagulation and sedimentation. According to food chemistry, soy protein is a simple protein called globulin, in which the primary structure of the molecular chain is usually spherical, with a hydrophobic side chain coordinated inside and a hydrophilic side chain coordinated on the surface of the sphere. The protein molecules undergo thermal denaturation when crushing soybeans and extracting components with hot water, causing a change in the spherical molecular state. When soymilk itself is used as a beverage instead of as an intermediate product of tofu production, in order to remove odors and harmful digestion inhibitors, it is further heated at 130 to 140 ° C by ultra-high temperature short-time sterilization treatment, Heat denaturation due to this is also added. Changes in the molecular state due to these heat denaturations affect the conditions under which soy protein coagulates. The coagulation of protein particles subjected to heat denaturation is irreversible because intermolecular cross-linking may occur. Other coagulation factors include the concentration, temperature, and solution pH of protein, which is colloid particles, as in general colloid solutions. Incidentally, these factors are also involved in coagulating soymilk for the purpose of tofu production,
The pH is changed by the addition of bittern, which is a divalent cation, while maintaining a constant temperature of about ° C. to cause coagulation and gelation. When the protein concentration is high and about 5%, it coagulates and gels with water involved, resulting in a smooth silken tofu, and when the protein concentration is 2.5-3%, it becomes a noodle tofu with a low water retention. The boundary of the protein concentration at which the coagulation and gelation occurs near the neutral pH is 5 to 10%. The detailed conditions of coagulation and gelation of soy milk and the state of the molecular state have not been elucidated even in the most advanced food chemistry.

In artificial breeding using the above-mentioned soy milk as an alternative feed, whether or not soy milk coagulates in the shell has become a fork of success in breeding. However, in artificial breeding, bitterness is not added. However, the addition of normal bait flour and calcium supplement may be equivalent to the administration of an electrolyte. Since the protein concentration of the soymilk feed used for the artificial breeding or the soymilk feed barely falls on the boundary value region near the neutrality or falls slightly below the value, there is a possibility that the protein concentration may be condensed by a slight change in conditions. In particular, it can be said that feed I clearly has a high protein concentration and is easily coagulated. The major contribution of protein concentration is that feed I
It is clear from the fact that in the case of I, the undiluted solution fell and birds grew on the diluted feed. It seems that the hydrophilicity of the protein colloid particles is different depending on the presence or absence of the additives contained in the adjusted soy milk. In Feed I, the coagulation could not be prevented by diluting the solution with water, because other feeds did not. It seems that the difference between the presence and absence of this additive is caused by comparison, but the state of association of protein particles and water may not be changed by simply adding water and diluting, and the detailed mechanism is Unknown.

However, from the results of the artificial breeding described above, it is clear that if there is no coagulation in the shell, the soymilk component is sufficiently absorbed by the chick and effective as a nutrient source for growth. In the case of artificial reared birds, birds usually drop after hatching if they are left without any water except 2-3 days, but almost all soymilk pigeons survive for 1-2 weeks, regardless of species. It is clear that at least a portion of the administered soymilk feed has been absorbed as nutrients. In any case, it can be said that the administration of soymilk has enabled non-zero probability of artificial rearing from chick eggs. It is obvious that artificial breeding with soy milk produces almost the same result for the whole genus of the genus Oribat, which has the same cereal feed and breeding ecology but has only a slight difference in appearance, but there are cases where breeding does not require chyle As a result, the artificial breeding method according to claim 1 has the meaning of existence, and at the same time, against all herbivorous pigeons that chyle was considered to be essential for growth. It can be said to be effective in giving non-zero growth potential.

On the other hand, the fact that soybean milk can be bred this time has shown that there is a substitute for chyle of a parent bird, and further that other vegetation other than soybean can be used. The possibility of artificial rearing with protein foods has arisen. Incidentally, it is known that beans other than soybean can be produced with peanuts. It has been observed that the artificial breeding grows slowly or lacks calcium temporarily, but it is highly likely that it will be improved by improving the feed in the future. The same applies to the yield at which adult pigeons grow from eggs. With regard to the breeding process, it is expected that the application of well-known techniques will increase the efficiency of mechanization of feeding, and the laying of chicks on a belt conveyor to make them flow.

[0031]

According to the breeding method of the present invention, artificial breeding of pigeons from eggs becomes possible. This makes it possible to shorten the cycle in which the parent pigeon enters the next spawning season. It is possible to mass-produce about five times as many pigeons as the same number of parent pigeons. It is especially effective for pigeon raising of edible pigeons that require mass production. Obtaining a special pedigree pigeon for mass production is also much easier to obtain and purchase, since only eggs are required without the need for parent pigeons. It is also effective when raising pigeons to humans for the purpose of retaining them as pets. It is also interesting to study pigeon ecology academically. On the other hand, it will open the way for soy milk to be used as fodder feed, which will stimulate new demand for soy milk products.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing the life cycle of a pigeon

FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a state of artificial rearing of pigeons.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing actual measured changes in body weight of hatched chicks. In the figure, open circles represent changes in weight of naturally reared pigeons, and black circles represent changes in weight of artificial reared pigeons.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... return route of parent pigeon during artificial breeding 2 ... return route of parent pigeon during natural breeding 3 ... at the start of normal bait flour 4 ... at the start of normal wisdom 5 ... self-feeding At the start, 6 ... When flying.

Claims (3)

[Claims] The invention is characterized in that a hatched chick is administered with an artificially available alternative feed in place of the chicks of the parent bird,
An artificial breeding method for pigeons, in which the chicks are fed with a normal feed manually or by a machine until the chicks feed themselves. 2. A substitute feed provided for the breeding method according to claim 1 is a solution containing soymilk as a main component, and when the solution is administered to a chick of a pigeon, the sac of the chick is removed. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the colloid solution is a colloid solution that is stable enough to prevent coagulation. 3. A solution containing soymilk as a main component,
The solution is characterized by being a colloid solution that is stable enough not to coagulate in the sac of the chick when it is administered to the chick of a pigeon, and is used as an alternative feed for chyle after hatching of the chick of a pigeon. Pigeon feed for use.