JPH11271639A - Stereoscopic microscope - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a small-sized and lightweight stereoscopic microscope capable of observing microscope observation images and monitor images through the eyepiece of a microscope at all times regardless of eye width adjustment and obtaining the bright monitor images of a high resolution. SOLUTION: Inside a housing 2' for holding the eyepiece 207 in the binocular cylinder 2 of this stereoscopic microscope, a light source 210 and a monitor image display having a reflection type display device 209 for receiving light from the light source 210 through a polarizing beam splitter 212 are provided, and an image of the light source 210 is formed at or near the pupil position of the eyepiece 207. Preferably, the reflection type display device 209 is constituted of ferroelectric liquid crystal for receiving the light from the light source 210 and for modulating reflection intensity.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a stereo microscope, and more particularly to a surgical microscope capable of observing a monitor image such as a microscope observation image and an endoscope image through a common eyepiece.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A surgical microscope of this type is capable of observing a part that cannot be observed only with a microscope, such as a concave part, an inclined surface, and a pore part. Useful for surgical operations in ophthalmology etc.
-166310. This conventional microscope has a sub-observation device including a pair of objective lenses and a pair of solid-state imaging elements corresponding to the pair of objective lenses beside the main objective lens of the surgical microscope. Is displayed on a monitor television, and the displayed image is guided to the eyepiece of a surgical microscope via a mirror and a relay lens, so that both the microscope image and the monitor image can be observed through the eyepiece of the surgical microscope. It is.

[0003]

However, as in the prior art, a monitor television (CR) is used as an image display device.
When T) is used, the operability of the microscope is poor due to its heavy weight, and the monitor television has a large amount of heat, so that there is a problem that heat is trapped in the drape (contamination prevention cover to be put on the microscope). Therefore, it is conceivable to use a transmissive liquid crystal display element that has been widely used in various display devices in recent years. However, when the image display device is composed of a transmissive liquid crystal element, since it is lightweight but a backlight system, the screen is dark and the color reproducibility is poor, and it is not possible to distinguish the color change of the affected part of the surgery. Alternatively, the heat generated in the drape was unfavorable due to the large amount of heat generated. Further, there is a problem that the difference in brightness between the microscope observation image and the endoscope observation image is large and difficult to see because the image is darker than the monitor television. Further, when the display device is made of transmissive liquid crystal, the display device cannot be directly incorporated in the eyepiece because it is thick. When the display device is a transmission type liquid crystal, the dots are conspicuous and the resolution is not good.

An object of the present invention is to provide a surgical microscope capable of solving such problems of the prior art.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a stereo microscope according to the present invention is a stereo microscope in which a microscope observation image and a monitor image can be observed through a common eyepiece. A monitor image display device having a light source and a reflective display device for displaying an image is provided, and an image of the light source is formed at or near a pupil position of an eyepiece.

Further, according to the present invention, the monitor image is another image such as an endoscopic observation image, CT, MRI, nerve monitor, etc., and the reflection type display device receives light from a light source to reduce the reflection intensity. It is a reflective ferroelectric liquid crystal display device that modulates.

Further, according to the present invention, a reflection type display device comprises:
It is characterized by comprising a digital micromirror device.

The stereo microscope according to the present invention is further characterized by further comprising a coupling optical system for inserting a monitor image into a microscope observation image.

Further, according to the present invention, the light source has a light emitting portion of three primary colors, and all of the light of each primary color are included in the diameter of the exit pupil of the eyepiece. And

According to the present invention, the light source has a white or monochromatic light source portion, and light emitted from the light emitting portion is included in a diameter of an exit pupil of the eyepiece. It is characterized by.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS First Embodiment FIG. 1 shows an operating microscope according to the present invention which enables simultaneous observation of a microscope observation image and an endoscope image as a monitor image through a common eyepiece. FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing the overall configuration of one embodiment. In the figure, 1 is a surgical microscope main body, 2 is a binocular tube of a surgical microscope incorporating a monitor image display device described later, 3 is a light source for a surgical microscope, 4 is illumination light from a light source 3 into the microscope main body 1. It is a light guide to introduce. On the other hand, 5 is an endoscope (mainly a rigid endoscope is used), 6 is a camera adapter which incorporates an imaging lens and a solid-state image sensor such as a CCD image sensor and is attached to the eyepiece of the endoscope 5, Reference numeral 7 denotes a camera control unit connected to the adapter 6 via a cable 8, 9 denotes a cable for transmitting an image signal of an endoscope observation image from the camera control unit 7 to a monitor image display device, and 10 denotes a light source for an endoscope. , 11 is a light guide for transmitting illumination light from the light source 10 to the distal end of the endoscope, 12 is an operation part having a pore 12a that cannot be observed with an operating microscope, and 13 is an observer or an operator. . The circle 14 schematically shows one observation field of view of the surgical microscope.
This shows a state in which the endoscope image 16 is displayed so as to overlap a part of the microscope observation image 15 displayed on the entire observation visual field 14. Since the endoscope image 16 is normally displayed in a circular shape on a square monitor screen, a dark portion is attached around the image portion, but the endoscope image 16 is displayed on the entire monitor screen. There is also.

In this case, the endoscope image 16 is projected on, for example, the upper right corner of the observation field 14 as shown in the figure, so that the microscope observation image 15 can always be observed near the center of the observation field 14. The microscope observation image 15 as the main observation image and the observation of the endoscope image 16 having a guiding role can be compatible with each other. In addition, the endoscope image 1
The display position 6 can be set to an appropriate position displaced from the center such as the upper left corner in the observation visual field 14.

FIGS. 2 to 6 are views for explaining an optical system disposed in the binocular tube 2, FIG. 2 is an overall view of the binocular tube optical system, and FIG. 3 is an optical system for observing a monitor image. Front view showing the arrangement of the system, FIG. 4 is its top view, FIGS.
FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the optical system shown in FIG. 3.

In FIG. 2, reference numeral 201 denotes a pair of left and right observation optical paths coming from an objective optical system, a variable power optical system, and the like (not shown) in the microscope main body. An image forming optical system for forming a microscope observation image 14 by converging various light beams. 203 is an image rotator, 204 is a trapezoidal prism that reflects three times,
205 is a movable mirror, 206 is an image position of the imaging optical system 202, and 207 is an eyepiece optical system. Although an optical member such as a glass plate is illustrated at the image position 206, a reticle plate or the like may be placed, or an aerial image may be formed only at the field stop. is there. In addition, since the figure is complicated here, an optical system for monitoring a monitor image described later and shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 is omitted.

The eye width of the binocular tube 2 is adjusted by moving mirrors 205 in front of the left and right eyepieces 207 of the binocular tube optical system of the microscope in directions opposite to each other as shown by arrows in FIG. This is performed by moving the lens 207 up and down so as to eliminate the change in the optical path length caused by the movement of the mirror 205 while moving the lens 207 following the mirror 205, and changing the interval a between the left and right eye points 208. This adjustment method is a so-called Yench type, but is not limited to this. The optical axis is controlled by an optical member such as a trapezoidal prism arranged on the left and right optical axes so as to be rotatable around the optical axis. Needless to say, a so-called Jieten-top type interpupillary distance adjustment method in which the eyepiece is arranged thereon by shifting the optical member and the interpupillary distance is adjusted by rotating the optical member can be used.

FIGS. 3 and 4 show an optical system for introducing a monitor image to the image position 206. FIG. In these figures, all the optical systems below the image position 206 in FIG. 2 are omitted. In the figure, reference numeral 209 denotes two reflective display devices for displaying an electronic image, that is, an endoscope image, based on an image signal sent from the camera control unit 7;
Reference numeral 10 denotes a light source for illuminating the display device 209, 211 denotes an illumination lens, and 212 denotes a polarization beam splitter. 2
Reference numeral 13 denotes an image projection optical system, and a fixing unit 216 (see FIG. 6) including a collimator optical system 214 and a prism 215;
A moving section 220 (see FIG. 6) including an imaging optical system 217 and prisms 218 and 219 is included. FIG. 5 shows FIG.
FIG. 6 is a view in which only the optical path for forming a monitor image is extracted from FIG. 5 and displayed.

The light from the light source 210 is converted into a substantially parallel light beam by the illumination lens 211, and
Then, the light is transmitted to the reflective display element 209 and transmitted therethrough. The reflected light intensity-modulated by the image displayed on the display element 209 has its polarization direction changed at the same time, and is reflected by the polarization beam splitter 212 to reach the collimator optical system 214. The specularly reflected light from the display element 209 is reflected by the collimator optical system 2.
The light is once focused on the position indicated by reference numeral 221 (see FIG. 5) by 14 to form a primary image of the light source. Display element 20
The display image at 9 becomes a substantially parallel afocal light beam by the collimator optical system 214, is obliquely deflected by the prism 215, and reaches the imaging optical system 217. Imaging optical system 217
Receives this light beam and forms an image 15 of the image displayed on the display element 209 via the deflecting prisms 218 and 219 at a position 206, and the observer 13 displays this image on the eyepiece 20.
Observe through 7. On the other hand, the light source image is specularly reflected on the display element and is converted into a substantially parallel light beam by the imaging optical system 217. The eyepiece 207 receives this light beam and forms an image of the light source 210 at the exit pupil position. In this case, since the light source light passes through at least the inside of the pupil, it is possible to simultaneously observe the microscope image and the endoscope image. Furthermore, by setting the projection magnification so that the light source image does not protrude from the pupil, the illumination light can be used for observation without waste, and a bright image can be obtained. When a reflective display device is used as described above, light from a minute light source can be spread to illuminate the display element 209, so that there is no need to provide a large backlight unlike a conventional transmissive display device. For this reason, it becomes easy to incorporate the display device into the microscope. In addition, if a high efficiency light source such as an LED is used, heat generation is reduced.

The moving section 220 of the image projection optical system is configured to move integrally with the eyepiece 207 and the image position 206 when adjusting the interpupillary distance. The light beam connecting the fixed portion 216 and the moving portion 220 is an afocal light beam, and the direction of the optical axis 222 coincides with the moving direction of the moving portion 220. Therefore, even if the moving unit 220 is moved for adjusting the interpupillary distance, the afocal optical path only expands and contracts as shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, and the position of the endoscope image 16 in the field of view is changed. And the focus state does not change.
In this embodiment, only a part of the optical system for projecting the monitor image moves during the adjustment of the interpupillary distance, and it is not necessary to readjust the position of the projection image accompanying the interpupillary adjustment. This is very suitable for simultaneously observing one image with one eyepiece and adjusting the interpupillary distance.

As described above, the operating microscope is used to change the size of the pores 12a in the operative portion 12 which cannot be observed with the operating microscope.
When used together with the endoscope 5 to observe the inside of the binocular tube 2 of the surgical microscope, the electronic image captured by the endoscope 5 is displayed on the display device 209 of the image projection optical system 213. The electronic image on the display device 209 is projected and projected onto the left and right eyepiece image planes that move with the interpupillary adjustment, and the left and right eyepieces 20 of the operating microscope are provided to the observer regardless of the interpupillary adjustment.
7 (FIG. 3), a microscope observation image 1
It is possible to provide an operating microscope capable of simultaneously observing the endoscope image 5 and the endoscope image 16. In addition, the endoscope 5 is a stereoscopic endoscope capable of stereoscopic observation, and the endoscope images 16 for the right eye and the left eye obtained by this are used as the image projection optical system 2.
By displaying the images 13 on the right-eye and left-eye display devices 209, not only the microscope observation image 15 but also the endoscope image 16 can be stereoscopically observed.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, this surgical microscope includes a display device 209, a collimator optical system 214, a polarizing beam splitter 212, a light source 210, and a prism 215 which require a relatively large space in the binocular tube 2. Since it is immovable, there is no need to provide a space for movement in the binocular tube 2, and a small surgical microscope with good workability can be provided while maintaining the above advantages.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing left and right microscope eyepieces in the image projection optical system of the present embodiment. As is apparent from this figure, the image projection optical system 213 projects an electronic image, that is, an endoscope image 16 on the display device 209 in the upper right corner portion with respect to the left and right microscope eyepiece images. The vicinity of the center is configured so that the microscope observation image 15 can always be observed.

With this configuration, a microscope observation image 15 as a main observation image and an endoscope image 16 having a guiding role are provided.
Observation can be compatible. In addition, since the observed object near the center of the microscope observation field is a point where the microscope having the autofocus function is focused, the microscope observation image 1 is always located at the center of the microscope observation field.
5 must be visible. In this embodiment, the vicinity of the center of the visual field for microscopic observation does not hinder the use of the autofocus function for observing the microscopic image 15.
In the embodiment, the electronic image on the display device 209 is projected on the left and right eyepiece image planes of the microscope. However, the projection may be performed on only one of the left and right eyepiece image planes.

FIG. 7 also serves as an explanatory diagram of a second embodiment to be described later, so that the periphery of the circular endoscope image is drawn dark. , Or a microscope image due to a microscope light beam coming from behind the prism 219.

In this embodiment, a so-called frame sequential method is used to display a color image. When a color image is displayed on the display device 209, the light source 210 is blue,
Those that emit green and red primary colors are required. In this case, for example, an LED that emits blue light, green light, and red light arranged in close proximity and in parallel is used as the light source 210, and each color light is sequentially emitted in synchronization with a plane sequential image appearing on the display device 209. Just do it. Such a light source device is not only small and lightweight and contributes to the miniaturization of the whole device, but also generates little heat, so that the temperature inside the binocular tube of the surgical microscope does not rise abnormally. Also in this case, a color image is obtained by setting all the three primary colors of emitted light to pass through the pupil diameter of the eyepiece 207 so that each color light source is formed within the pupil diameter. By doing
The light utilization efficiency is increased, and a bright image is obtained. FIG.
When a plurality of light emitters of each primary color are arranged in parallel on one surface as shown in FIG. 2 so that the entire light source image is larger than the pupil of the eyepiece 207, even if the optical system is slightly decentered, Since the light source image is included in the pupil, a bright color image without color unevenness and good color reproducibility can be obtained. In FIG. 8, the light emitting portions of the three primary colors are drawn in different shapes, but this is an explanatory diagram for distinguishing colors, and the actual light emitting portion does not necessarily have a different shape for each color. Further, when the pupil of the observer placed at the pupil position is slightly blurred in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis, the intensity of each color entering the pupil changes, and there may be a case of a chirac. To reduce this, it is effective to insert a diffusing element in front of the light source of each color to make the position uniform, although there is some loss of light amount. In this case, the diffusion element is considered as the light source.

As the electronic image to be displayed on the display device 209, not only an endoscope image but also an image obtained by an imaging optical system such as a video camera may be displayed. Other electronic images such as a necessary nerve monitor waveform image may be directly displayed. In the examples, a reflection type liquid crystal display device was used as the reflection type display device. Furthermore, although a reflective ferroelectric liquid crystal display device having good adaptability is used to improve the image quality, the present invention is not limited to this, and any other reflective display means may be used.

Second Embodiment FIG. 9 is a view showing a second embodiment in which the light shielding means is arranged in the moving portion of the image projection optical system in the first embodiment. In the figure, 17 is a light shielding member, 18 is a prism, 19 is a pupil of an observer, and O is an image point. In this embodiment, the image projection optical system moving unit 220 (FIG. 6) of the image projection optical system 213 in the first embodiment, which moves in accordance with the interpupillary distance of the binocular tube 2, shields a part of the light beam of the microscope. The member 17 is arranged, and the microscopic observation image 15 (FIG. 7)
Is created, and an image projection optical system 213 is arranged so that an electronic image on the display device 209 is projected on the non-image portion.

In this embodiment, the light shielding member 17 also serves as a reflection member for reflecting the light beam from the display device 209, thereby saving space in the binocular tube 2. According to this configuration, the microscope observation image 15 and the endoscope image 16 do not overlap, and the observer 13 can be provided with a clear simultaneous observation image. However, when the monitor image to be displayed on the display device 209 is a waveform image other than an endoscope image, such as a nerve monitor, the monitor image may overlap with the microscope observation image 15. The light shielding member 17 that partially shields the light may be replaced with a half mirror. In this case, since the image may be a monotone image, a single light source such as a white light source or a monochromatic LED may be disposed instead of the R, G, and B light sources.

Third Embodiment FIG. 10 is a view showing a third embodiment in which a movable prism is arranged in the moving section 220 of the image projection optical system 213 in the first embodiment. In the figure, reference numeral 20 denotes a movable prism which can move between a position shown by a solid line and a position shown by a broken line.
That is, this prism 20 is the same as the prism 21 in the first embodiment.
9, which can be arbitrarily moved by the observer 13 and projected into the observer's observation field of view 14 obtained by the eyepiece 207 of the surgical microscope with the movement of the prism 20. The endoscope image 16 moves out of the observation field of view. According to this configuration, when the observer determines that the endoscope image 16 is unnecessary, the observer can move the endoscope image 16 out of the observation visual field.

Fourth Embodiment FIG. 11 shows a fourth embodiment of the binocular tube portion of the operating microscope binocular tube shown in an arrangement corresponding to the state in which the optical systems shown in FIGS.
It is an optical arrangement diagram of an example. This embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the lens configuration of the collimating optical system 214 and the arrangement position of the imaging optical system 217 are different. However, the operation and effect of the entire optical system are the same as in the first embodiment. The optical members substantially the same as those used in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description is omitted. 12 is an optical arrangement diagram corresponding to FIG. 2 of the present embodiment, FIG. 13 is a right side view of FIG. 12, and FIG. 14 is a bottom view of FIG. 11 to 13
1, the solid line and the broken line illustration of each optical member respectively indicate the movement position of the binocular tube 2 by adjusting the interpupillary distance.

Fifth Embodiment FIG. 15 shows a fifth embodiment of the surgical microscope.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing details of an eyepiece optical system of an operating microscope and the vicinity of an eye point; In the figure, reference numeral 223 denotes an exit pupil created by the microscope optical system, and 224 denotes an exit pupil created by the image projection optical system. This embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that an exit pupil 223 formed by the microscope optical system and an exit pupil 224 formed by the image projection optical system are arranged at the same position via the eyepiece 207, and the exit pupil 224 is The diameter is larger than the diameter of the exit pupil 223. According to this configuration, when the observer 13 takes his / her eye to the eye point 208 of the microscope to observe the microscope observation image 15, the display device 20 that projects the microscope observation image 15 and the microscope eyepiece image plane
9 and the endoscope image 16 can be simultaneously observed. According to the present embodiment, the exit pupil 224 is larger than the exit pupil 223, and the human pupil diameter (φ2.5
mm), both observation images can be observed with almost the same brightness in combination with the advantage of the reflective display device 209.

Sixth Embodiment FIG. 16 is a view showing a sixth embodiment of the operating microscope.
(A) is an external perspective view of the binocular tube portion, (b) is a cross-sectional view of the lens tube portion, and (c) is a surgical microscope eyepiece image. This embodiment uses an eyepiece 20 inside the binocular tube 2.
A housing 2 'is provided in the space between the imaging optical system 7 and the imaging optical system 202 in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis (in the direction of the arrow).
09, a polarizing beam splitter 212, a surface light source 210 including an LED and the like, and a condenser lens 210 'are fixedly accommodated, and when the housing 2' is inserted into the binocular tube 2 as shown in the figure, a monitor image, that is, an endoscope Mirror image 16 is observation field 1
4 is configured to be projected as shown in FIG. According to this configuration, the display device 209 can be removed from the observation optical path of the microscope by pulling up the housing 2 ′, and only the microscope observation image can be viewed.

Seventh Embodiment FIG. 17 shows a seventh embodiment of the operating microscope.
In this embodiment, a reflective image display device 209, a polarizing beam splitter 212, a light source 210, and a condenser lens 210 'are directly disposed in a binocular tube 2, and a monitor image, that is, an endoscope image 16 is used for surgery. A polarizing beam splitter 21 to enable it to be moved in and out of the observation field 14 of the microscope
The second embodiment is different from the sixth embodiment in that 2 is disposed so as to be insertable into and removable from the observation optical path.

In the sixth and seventh embodiments, since a relay optical system for projecting a monitor image is not required, the reflection type liquid crystal display device 209 can be made smaller and thinner than the conventional transmission type liquid crystal display device. In combination with the point, the binocular tube 2 can be made compact without increasing the size too much,
An operation microscope of this kind having good operability can be provided.

Eighth Embodiment FIG. 18 shows a main part of an eighth embodiment of the operating microscope. This embodiment uses a DMD (Digi) as a reflective display element.
tal Micromirror Device), the point that the light from the light source 210 is directly projected onto the DMD from an oblique direction without using the polarizing beam splitter 212, and the light source 2
10 is a first embodiment in that a secondary light source is used in which R, G, and B color lights are once superimposed on a diffusion element to form an image, and the light source light is projected on the exit pupil of a microscope. And different.

Referring to FIG. 18, light source 210 includes R, G,
It consists of three LEDs 210a that emit each color light of B, a condenser lens 210b, a diffusion plate 210c, and a diaphragm 210d,
225 is a projection lens for illumination light, 226 is a DMD, 227
Is a mirror. The DMD 226 is an element composed of a large number of mirrors 226a arranged in a minute matrix and configured to modulate light intensity by changing the tilt angle of the mirror 226a corresponding to each pixel according to an image signal. The micromirror 226a normally has ± 20
The angle changes by about degrees. Therefore, when illumination is applied from an oblique direction, each reflected light is reflected in a direction perpendicular to the element surface or in a completely different direction. By repeating this on-off operation in a time division manner, the brightness of each element is modulated. Thus, the illumination is obliquely directed from the DMD 226
Since the light of the modulated image can be viewed without passing through a half mirror, a bright image can be observed.

According to this embodiment, the colorization of the endoscope image is performed as follows. That is, L of R, G, B three colors
When R of the ED 210a emits light, an image corresponding to the image of R is displayed on the DMD 226 in accordance with the timing, and the same operation is performed for G and B, whereby a color image is recognized by the afterimage effect of the eye. I can do it. R,
If the G and B three-color LEDs 210a are directly projected onto the pupil plane of the microscope, the flicker of the image and the collapse of the color balance will occur when the eye position is slightly shifted. The three-color light is superimposed and projected onto the diffusion plate 210c by the lens 210b, and the stop 210d
After defining the edge with, this is used as a secondary light source. The light from the secondary light source obtained in this way is DMD
The light is projected onto the exit pupil of the microscope through 226. The color image is guided to the collimator optical system 214 (see FIG. 4) via the mirror 227.

Ninth Embodiment FIG. 19 is a view showing a ninth embodiment of an operating microscope.
(A) is an external perspective view of an eyepiece tube to be attached to the left and right, (b) is a cross-sectional view of the eyepiece tube, and (c) is a surgical microscope eyepiece image. In this embodiment, a light source 210 including R, G, and B three-color LEDs 210a, a diffusion plate 210c disposed in front of the LEDs 210a, and a stop 210d disposed in front of the LEDs 210a are arranged in the eyepiece tube, Lens 210 '
, A polarization beam splitter 212, and a condenser lens 228
And a housing 2 ″ in which the reflective image display device 209 and the condenser lens 229 are fixedly mounted,
By arranging the prism 230 movably along the optical axis of the lens 229, the prism 230 can move in and out of the optical path of the eyepiece 207 so that the monitor image, that is, the color image 16 by the endoscope is displayed in the observation field of view 14. This is configured to be projected as shown in FIG. According to this configuration, the light emitted from the light source 210 is once condensed in the vicinity of the polarization beam splitter 212 and then transmitted through the prism 212 to be irradiated on the image display device 209 via the condenser lens 228. The display device 209 is uniformly illuminated over the entire surface. After being subjected to brightness modulation, the display device 209 is specularly reflected, converted into a substantially afocal light beam again by the condenser lens 228, reflected by the polarization beam splitter 212, and then condensed. An image is formed at the image plane position of the microscope image by the lens 229 via the prism 230. This light source image is obtained by the eyepiece 207
To form an image at the pupil position. By setting the light source image at the pupil position to be larger than the pupil diameter of the microscope, an electronic image, that is, an endoscope image can be observed whenever the microscope image is visible.

According to the present embodiment, by incorporating the display device having the above-described configuration in the left and right eyepieces, a relay optical system for adjusting the interpupillary distance can be eliminated, and the configuration can be made compact. Further, since a mechanism for moving the prism 230 into and out of the optical path is provided, it is possible to display a part of the image except for a part of the image, display the entire image, or display another image without displaying the image at all. is there. It is also easy to replace the prism 230 with a half mirror that allows the image on the back to be seen through. Further, if the DMD as described in the eighth embodiment is employed, the polarizing beam splitter 212 becomes unnecessary, and a brighter endoscope image can be obtained.

The same effect can be obtained by replacing the above-mentioned surgical microscope with a general stereo microscope, and therefore, it may be replaced with a stereo microscope.

The stereomicroscope according to the present invention described above
It has the following features in addition to the features described in the claims. (1) In a stereoscopic microscope in which a microscope observation image and a monitor image can be observed through a common eyepiece,
A reflection type monitor image display device using a light source and a ferroelectric liquid crystal that modulates reflection intensity by receiving light from the light source, and a relay optical system that transmits the reflection light from the display device to a common eyepiece And a focusing optical system for inserting an endoscope image transmitted by the relay optical system into a microscope observation image.

(2) The stereo microscope according to (1), wherein the relay optical system has an afocal optical path portion.

(3) In a stereomicroscope in which a microscope observation image and a monitor image can be observed through a common eyepiece, a monitor image display including a light source and a reflective display device receiving light from the light source is provided. A stereomicroscope characterized in that a device is provided in a binocular tube holding the eyepiece, and an image of the light source is formed at or near a pupil position of the eyepiece.

(4) The stereoscopic microscope according to the above (3), wherein the monitor image display device is configured so that the monitor image can be put in and out of the observation field of the microscope observation image.

(5) The stereoscopic microscope according to the above (3) or (4), wherein the reflection type display device is a reflection type liquid crystal display device which receives light from a light source and modulates reflection intensity.

(6) The above-mentioned (3) or (4), wherein the reflection type display device comprises a digital micromirror device which receives light from a light source and modulates reflection intensity.
The stereomicroscope according to 1.

[0046]

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a bright and high-resolution microscope observation image and monitor image that is adjustable in interpupillary distance, and is also lightweight and generates less heat. It is possible to provide a stereo microscope in which images can be viewed through a common eyepiece.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing the overall configuration of a surgical microscope according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a view showing the first embodiment of the present invention, and is a front view of the vicinity of the eyepiece optical system of the operating microscope and the arrangement of the optical system of the monitor image projection optical system.

FIG. 3 is a top view of the optical system arrangement shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing that the interpupillary adjustment of the binocular tube portion of the surgical microscope used in the first embodiment is of the Yench type.

FIG. 5 is a detailed view of a monitor image projection optical system according to the first embodiment.

FIGS. 6A and 6B are diagrams showing the optical principle of the operating microscope according to the first embodiment, wherein FIG. 6A shows a case where the imaging optical system is at a normal position, and FIG. It shows a case in which it has moved in the axial direction.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing left and right surgical microscope eyepieces in the image projection optical system of the first embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a front view showing a relationship between a configuration of a light source for obtaining a color monitor image and a pupil diameter of an eyepiece.

FIG. 9 is a view showing a second embodiment of the present invention in which a light shielding member is arranged in a moving section of the image projection optical system of the first embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention in which a movable prism is arranged in a moving section of the image projection optical system of the first embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a view showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention, which is an optical arrangement diagram of the vicinity of an eyepiece optical system of an operating microscope and an image projection optical system.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing that the interpupillary distance adjustment of the binocular tube portion of the surgical microscope used in the fourth embodiment is of the Yench type.

FIG. 13 is a right side view of FIG.

FIG. 14 is a bottom view of FIG.

FIG. 15 is a view showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention, and is a view showing details of an eyepiece optical system of an operating microscope and the vicinity of an eye point;

FIG. 16 is a view showing a sixth embodiment of the present invention,
(A) is an external view of a surgical microscope binocular tube part, (b) is a cross-sectional view of the surgical microscope binocular tube part, and (c) is a diagram showing an eyepiece image.

FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of a surgical microscope binocular tube according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a configuration diagram of a main part of an operating microscope lens barrel according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a view showing a ninth embodiment of the present invention,
(A) is an external view of the surgical microscope eyepiece lens barrel,
(B) is a cross-sectional view thereof, and (c) is a view showing an eyepiece image.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Surgical microscope main body 2 Surgical microscope binocular tube 2 'Housing which can be inserted into and removed from the surgical microscope binocular tube 2 "housing 3 Light source for surgical microscope 4 Light guide 5 Endoscope 6 Endoscope camera adapter 7 Camera control Unit 8, 9 Cable 10 Light source for endoscope 11 Light guide 12 Operated part 12a Pore portion of unoperable surgical part 13 Observer 14 Observation field of microscope 15 Microscope observation image 16 Endoscope image 17 Light shielding member 18, 20, 230 Prism 19 Observer's pupil 201 A pair of left and right observation optical paths 202 Imaging optical system 203 Image rotator 204 Trapezoidal prism 205 Movable mirror 206 Image position of imaging optical system 202 207 Eyepiece 208 Right and left eye points 209 Reflective display Device 210 Light source 210a R, G, B, LED 210 c Diffusion plate 210d Aperture 210b, 210 ', 228, 229 Condenser lens 211 Illumination lens 212 Polarized beam splitter 213 Image projection optical system 214 Collimator optical system 215 Prism 216 Fixed unit 217 Imaging optical system 218, 219 Deflected prism 220 Moving unit 221 Brightness stop 222 Optical axis 223 Exit pupil made by an operating microscope 224 Exit pupil made by an image projection optical system 225 Illumination light projection lens 226 DMD (digital micromirror device) 226a Micromirror 227 Mirror a Interval between right and left eye points O Imaging point

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A stereoscopic microscope in which a microscope observation image and a monitor image can be observed through a common eyepiece, wherein a monitor image including a light source and a reflective display device for displaying the monitor image is provided. A stereo microscope comprising a display device, wherein an image of the light source is formed at or near a pupil position of the eyepiece. 2. The monitor image is an endoscope image, CT,
2. The reflection type display device according to claim 1, wherein the reflection type display device is a reflection type ferroelectric liquid crystal display device which modulates reflection intensity by receiving light from a light source. Stereo microscope. 3. The stereomicroscope according to claim 1, wherein said reflection type display device comprises a digital micromirror device. 4. The stereo microscope according to claim 1, further comprising a coupling optical system for inserting a monitor image into a microscope observation image. 5. The light source according to claim 1, wherein the light source has light-emitting portions of three primary colors, and all of the light of each primary color are included in the diameter of an exit pupil of the eyepiece. A stereomicroscope as described. 6. The light source has a single white or monochromatic light emitting portion, and light emitted from the light emitting portion is included in a diameter of an exit pupil of the eyepiece. The stereomicroscope according to claim 1.