JPH11268163A - Building material with sound absorbing, sound isolating and acoustic characteristics - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a panel having a light weight, high strength, and desired sound absorbing, isolating acoustic characteristics by giving a photocatalyst and metallic ion to a surface of a molding molded by controlling a particle size blend of a waste glass material. SOLUTION: A molding 1 dispersively formed with a uniform density and obtained by forming a raw material containing waste glass on a granular spray body by spraying, filling the body in a mold, and press molding it is manufactured. At this time, since the molding 1 is molded at a low pressure, it becomes a porous state containing air gaps formed between particles. After the molding 1 is sufficiently dried by a dryer, a surface of the molding 1 is coated with a TiO2 sol by spraying to become, for example, a film thickness of 0.01 micron, and a photocatalyst layer 2 is formed only its surface. Thereafter, after the molding 1 having the layer 2 is baked, the surface of the layer 2 is coated with a solution of metallic ion 3 of Ag, emitted with an ultraviolet ray, fixed to the surface by a reducing power of the photocatalyst, thereby obtaining the porous building material having a photocatalytic function.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a building material having a sound absorbing, sound insulating and acoustic property used for roadside materials, building outer and inner wall materials, and having both antifouling and harmful gas purifying functions. About the product.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventional sound-absorbing panels include those using pulverized materials such as ceramics and ceramics as materials, and those using foamed waste glass, incinerated sludge and the like. In addition, there is a building material consisting of a combination of foamed glass and glass fiber, which is used to reinforce each piece because the waste glass has a spherical and uniform shape and does not have strength after molding. It is.

[0003] The combination with a photocatalyst is in the form of a sheet using a resin plate, as disclosed in JP-A-9-209314.

[0004]

In a conventional porous ceramic sound absorbing panel, a usual ceramic pulverized material such as mullite, silica, porcelain or the like is used, but the specific gravity of the raw material itself is 2.0 or more. However, there was a problem that the completed sound absorbing plate was also heavy.

[0005] Further, a patent utilizing a waste glass foam (G-lite) has been filed as an alternative raw material. However, since G-lite is spherical, the size of the pores that can be formed in the sound-absorbing plate when molded as it is. However, there is a problem in that it is limited by the G light used. Also, if the aggregate is composed of only the G light because the G light is spherical,
There was a problem that the strength of the product was low during molding and also.

Furthermore, since the sound absorbing panels made of these are all perforated, when used along roadsides, dirt such as exhaust gas easily adheres, and the scenery is impaired.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to obtain a panel which is lightweight, has high strength, and has desired sound absorbing, shielding, and acoustic characteristics. In addition to preventing dirt on the panel itself along the roadside, it also uses ultraviolet rays contained in sunlight,
An object of the present invention is to provide a building material having a function of purifying harmful gases (NOx, SOx, formaldehyde, VOC, etc.) contained in the atmosphere.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention uses a waste glass material, controls the pore size by controlling the particle size composition of the waste glass material, and obtains a molded article having desired sound absorption, shielding and acoustic characteristics. Molding. Further, a photocatalyst and metal ions are applied to the surface of the molded body to produce a building material.

[0009]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION 50% of waste glass such as bottle glass
The waste glass raw material containing the above or a mixed raw material obtained by mixing the waste glass raw material and other raw materials is spray-sprayed so as to form a normal tile raw material, thereby producing a granular sprayed earth. This sprayed earth may be pressurized by roller rolling, pressing, or the like, as necessary, to increase the density of the raw material. Further, the sprayed earth can be used after firing and foaming.

[0010] Waste glass raw materials include crushed bottle glass and the like, and commercially available porous waste glass (commonly known as G light).
Etc. can be used.

Other raw materials include SiC, CaCO ₃ ,
At least one kind of material, such as Si ₃ N _4, which reacts with oxygen in the air during sintering and oxidizes to increase its volume, or a crushed or classified material such as ceramic waste or ceramic waste can be used. It is also possible to use a material obtained by coating the surface of these waste glass raw materials, other raw materials, sprayed earth, and the like, with a melting material such as a paste such as glass frit, waste glass fine powder, clay, and CMC.

The thus-produced sprayed waste glass material is filled in a mold so as to form a normal tile, and is subjected to a normal tile forming pressure (20 to 30 MPa).
Press molding is performed at a lower pressure (10 to 20 MPa) to obtain a molded body. Since the formed body using waste glass formed in this way is lighter than ordinary ceramics and ceramic waste, by changing the mixing conditions with other raw materials, the formed body itself can be reduced in weight and strength. Can be

At this time, the sprayed earth is formed into a desired shape by contact with each other. However, since it is formed at a low pressure, it does not completely adhere to the adjacent particles but forms a void between the particles. Molded. In addition, the pressure at the time of pressing can be adjusted and controlled at low pressure, the particle size can be adjusted, the density of the particles themselves, and the particle arrangement can be adjusted and controlled. As a result, a molded article having desired sound absorption, sound insulation, and acoustic characteristics can be obtained by simple means. Furthermore, by changing the density and water permeability, water absorption, etc. of the inside and the surface, the antifouling property of the surface,
The harmful gas purification performance can be improved.

A material having a photocatalytic function, such as titanium oxide, is applied on the surface of the obtained molded body by spraying or the like to form a photocatalytic layer. At this time, a commercially available TiO ₂ sol or alkoxide is used as the photocatalyst. The molded body coated with the photocatalyst is 800 to 900 ° C. lower than conventional tiles and ceramics by 300 to 400 ° C.
Firing at a temperature of ° C. to obtain a porous building material having a photocatalytic function. By coating the photocatalyst on the surface or inside, the antifouling function (self-cleaning function) can be further improved, and the harmful gas generated around the road can be purified by ultraviolet rays contained in sunlight. As a method of coating the photocatalyst, there is a method of spraying a large amount from the surface with a spray on the surface of the substrate, or dipping this in a photocatalyst solution.
Similar coating or dipping can also be performed after the substrate and product have been fired. In this case, re-firing may be performed at a temperature at which the photocatalytic function does not deteriorate (less than 1000 ° C.).

After firing, Ag, Cu, Pd, Rh, A
Metal ions such as u and Pt can be immobilized on the surface by the reducing power of the photocatalyst. The thickness of the photocatalyst layer including the metal layer is
It may be 0.01 to 1 micron. By reducing and fixing metal ions to the surface of the photocatalyst layer, an antifouling function effect can be obtained even in a place where the amount of ultraviolet light is small. Hereinafter, description will be made in accordance with embodiments.

[0016]

EXAMPLE 1 As shown in FIG. 1 (a), a raw material containing at least 50% of waste glass such as bottle glass is formed into a granular spray blast by spraying. The finished spraying earth is filled into the mold and 10-20MPa
Under a pressure of 300 mm to form a compact having a size of 300 × 300 × 20 (thickness) mm, to produce a compact 1 in which sprayed earth was dispersed and formed at a uniform density. At this time,
The raw materials are formed into a desired shape by contacting each other. However, since the molded body 1 is molded at a low pressure, the molded body 1 does not completely adhere to adjacent particles but has a porous state in which voids are formed between particles. Become. In addition, the obtained molded body 1 contains 50% or more of glass as compared with a porous body made of ordinary ceramics, so the difference in specific gravity (about 2 glass compared to about 4 alumina) is reduced in weight. The product after firing had a bulk specific gravity of 1.7.

The molded body 1 is dried in a dryer at 60 ° C. or higher.
After being sufficiently dried, as shown in FIG.
_{2 The} sol is applied from the surface of the molded body 1 by spraying so as to have a thickness of 0.01 μm, and the photocatalyst layer 2 is formed only on the surface. Thereafter, the molded body 1 having the photocatalyst layer 2 is fired at a temperature of 800 to 900 ° C.
A metal ion solution of Ag is applied on the surface of the photocatalyst layer 2,
The porous building material having a photocatalyst function was obtained by irradiating ultraviolet rays and fixing the photocatalyst on the surface by the reducing power of the photocatalyst.

The sound absorption characteristics of the porous building material having a photocatalytic function are shown by the thin lines (Example 1) in FIG. As a result of measuring the NOx concentration, as shown in FIG. 3, the NOx concentration was greatly reduced. As a result, it is understood that there is a harmful gas purifying function. Also, FIG.
As shown in the figure, the antifouling performance was also high.

[0019]

Example 2 About 0.01 to 5% of SiC was added to a base material mixed with waste glass used in Example 1, and the mixture was pulverized and mixed in a wet mill for raw material pulverization. Then, make spray earth. The particles produced in this step were between 0.1 and 5 mm. This is molded, coated with a photocatalyst and fired in the same manner as in Example 1. The baked substrate was coated with Cu metal ions in the same manner as in Example 1. The weight of the obtained porous building material was even lighter than that of Example 1, and was about 0.7% of that of Example 1.
The bulk specific gravity was 1.2 at twice the weight. The sound absorption characteristics are shown in FIG.
(Example 2). Here, the sound absorption characteristics showed a uniform sound absorption characteristic from low frequency to high frequency because the particle size before firing varied and the pore diameter of the base material after firing varied. The harmful gas purification performance and antifouling performance were equivalent to those of Example 1 shown in FIGS.

[0020]

EXAMPLE 3 The sprayed earth used in Example 2 was put into a bee for firing, and was then used in a tunnel kiln.
It is fired at 0 to 1100 ° C. and foamed in advance with sprayed earth. At this time, the resulting expanded granules have a bulk specific gravity of about 0.5 to 1, which is about 1/2 to 1/4 of that of ordinary ceramics and ceramic materials. After classifying the foamed particles to a particle size of 0.1 to 3 mm and further surface-coating a molten material (glass frit, waste glass fine powder, clay, glue such as CMC), this was molded in the same manner as in Example 1, After coating the photocatalyst, it is fired. The baked substrate was coated with Ag metal ions in the same manner as in Example 1. The obtained porous building material had a weight equivalent to that of Example 2 and a bulk specific gravity of 1.2. Looking at the sound absorption characteristics, Fig. 2
(Example 3), which is shown on the same curve as in Example 1. The harmful gas purification performance and antifouling performance were equivalent to those of Example 1 shown in FIGS.

[0021]

Example 4 The spray blasting soil used in Example 1 was formed into a desired size (1 to 7 mm irregular shape drawing 1).
It is fired at 500 to 1300 ° C to produce light-weight particles in advance. Alternatively, after making a tile, it is crushed and classified into particles of a desired size. The desired particle size at this time determines the sound absorption characteristics of the resulting porous body. Here, those having a particle size of 0.1 to 0.3 mm were used. The reason why fine particles are selected here is that particles of this size enhance sound absorption efficiency at low frequencies in sound absorption characteristics. The surface of these particles is coated with a molten material, clay or the like as in Example 3, molded at a low pressure as in Example 1, and then coated with photocatalyst and fired. The baked substrate was coated with Cu metal ions in the same manner as in Example 1. The weight of the completed porous building material was almost the same as in Example 3, and the bulk specific gravity was 1.25, and the harmful gas purification performance and the antifouling performance were the same as those in Example 1. The sound absorption characteristics were on the curve shown by the thick line (Example 4) in FIG.

[0022]

Embodiment 5 Commercially available porous waste glass (commonly known as G light)
10 to 100% as it is or pulverized to a particle size of 0.1 to 4 mm, and 0 to 90% of other aggregates (crushed and classified materials such as ceramic waste and ceramic waste) are mixed. As in Examples 3 and 4, the surfaces of the particles are coated with a melting material, clay, and the like, molded in a low pressure as in Example 1, coated with a photocatalyst, and then fired. The baked substrate was coated with Ag metal ions in the same manner as in Example 1. The weight of the completed porous building material was almost the same as in Example 3, the bulk specific gravity was 1.2, and the sound absorption characteristics were those shown by the thin line (Example 5) in FIG. Shown on the curve. Noxious gas purification performance,
The antifouling performance was also the same as in Example 1. As described above, the method of pulverizing and classifying ceramic waste, ceramic waste, and the like, followed by surface coating with a frit, clay, and the like, and regenerating the product, the products manufactured in the above Examples 1 to 3, other building waste materials, and ceramics Even if scraps, tile scraps, ceramic scraps and the like are used, equivalent products can be obtained, and this is a suitable means for recycling and reusing these products.

[0023]

Embodiment 6 Commercially available porous waste glass (commonly known as G light)
Is crushed with a jaw crusher or a roll crusher to adjust the particle size, and then the desired particle size is 0.1 to 1 mm.
And 1 to 5 mm to produce two types of particles. These particles are separately coated on the surface with a molten material and clay as in Examples 3 and 4. First, the particle size 1
5 mm of the classified particles are filled, and a particle size of 0.1
After filling the particles classified into ~ 0.5 mm, 10 ~ 2
Press-molded at a pressure of 0 MPa, 300 × 300 × 20 (thickness) m composed of particles having a large particle diameter in the inside 6 and particles having a small particle diameter in the surface layer 5 as shown in FIG.
A molded body 4 having a size of m is formed. Here, the surface used had a particle size of 0.1 to 0.5 mm. The reason why fine particles are selected here is that particles of this size enhance sound absorption efficiency at low frequencies in sound absorption characteristics. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 5B, the surface of the molded body 4 is coated with a photocatalyst to form the photocatalyst layer 2, and then 800
Baking at a temperature of ~ 900 ° C. After firing, a metal of Cu was placed on the surface of the photocatalyst layer 2 and irradiated with ultraviolet rays to be fixed on the surface by the reducing power of the photocatalyst, thereby obtaining a porous building material having a photocatalytic function. Looking at the sound absorption characteristics of the porous building material having a photocatalytic function, the thick line in FIG. 2 (Example 6)
Was shown. The weight is almost the same as in Example 4, the bulk specific gravity is 1.3, the harmful gas purification performance and the antifouling performance are also the same as those in Example 1, and the contact angle of the water of the base material is reduced by about 20 degrees due to the processing of the photocatalyst. It was 10 degrees. The surface layer 6 having a water absorption of about 20 mm from the surface has a water absorption of 0.01%.
%, Permeability coefficient 0.05 cm / sec, bulk specific gravity 1.0
~ 1.5, porosity 0.2 ~ 0.4, moisture absorption 0%
The inside 5 has a water absorption of 1.0% and a water permeability of 1.2, respectively.
cm / sec bulk specific gravity 0.3-0.6, porosity 0.8-
1.2, the moisture absorption was 1%.

[0024]

Embodiment 7 In the above-mentioned Embodiments 1 to 6, before coating the photocatalyst, the substrate is preliminarily baked to produce a product, which is dipped in a photocatalyst solution. Thereafter, re-firing is performed at a temperature at which the photocatalytic function is not deteriorated (less than 1000 ° C.). The fired substrate was coated with metal ions in the same manner as in Example 1. As shown in FIG. 1 (c) and FIG. 5 (c), the one coated by dipping had the photocatalyst penetrated to the inside and was fixed. The functions were equivalent to those of the first to sixth embodiments.

[0025]

According to the present invention, the pressure at the time of pressing can be adjusted and controlled at a low pressure, the particle diameter can be adjusted, the density of the particles themselves, and the particle arrangement can be adjusted and controlled. Since the sound absorbing region of the molded article can be controlled, a molded article having desired sound absorption, sound insulation, and acoustic characteristics can be easily obtained. By using the waste glass as a raw material, the compact itself having sound absorption, shielding, and acoustic characteristics can be reduced in weight, so that the size of the building material can be increased.

Further, since a photocatalyst is coated on the surface and inside, it has an antibacterial effect by utilizing ultraviolet rays as energy, has antifouling due to hydrophilicity, self-cleaning, and a harmful gas purifying function. By changing the mixing conditions with other raw materials, high-strength building materials can be obtained, and by changing the internal and surface densities, water permeability, and water absorption, the antifouling properties of building materials and harmful gas purification Performance can be improved. Since waste glass, which is a recycled material, is used, the firing temperature can be lowered, and an eco-friendly eco-mark product that can reduce LCA can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a molded article formed according to Examples 1 to 5 of the present invention.

FIG. 2 shows sound absorption characteristics according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 shows a result of a NOx purification function according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 shows the results of a soil test by outdoor exposure according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a molded article formed according to Example 6 of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1, 4: molded body 2: photocatalyst layer 3: metal ion 5: inside 6: surface layer

Claims (14)

[Claims] 1. A building material having sound absorption, sound insulation, and acoustic characteristics by forming a thin film of a photocatalyst or a thin film containing a photocatalyst on the surface or inside of a base material. 2. Ceramics, porcelain,
The building material having sound absorption, sound insulation, and acoustic properties according to claim 1, comprising a crushed product of glass, tile, and the like and a crushed product of the waste. 3. The material according to claim 1, comprising a base material containing 90% or less of the raw material according to claim 2 and 10% or more of waste glass or other glass or natural glass foam. Building materials 4. The building material having sound absorption, sound insulation and acoustic characteristics according to claim 1, wherein the material is composed of a raw material containing at least 50% of waste glass. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the water absorption of the substrate from the front surface to the thickness direction up to 20 mm is 0.1% or more lower than the internal water absorption ratio from the surface to the back surface from 20 mm. Building materials with the described sound absorption, sound insulation and acoustic properties 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the difference between the porosity of the substrate from the front surface to the thickness direction up to 20 mm and the internal porosity from the 20 mm surface to the back surface is 0.1% or more. Construction materials having the sound absorption, sound insulation, and acoustic characteristics described in 1. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the difference between the water permeability of the substrate from the front surface to the thickness direction to 20 mm and the internal water permeability from the surface to the back surface from 20 mm is 0.1 cm / sec or more. Building materials with sound absorption, sound insulation and acoustic properties as described in Crab 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the difference between the amount of moisture absorption of the base material from the front surface to the thickness direction up to 20 mm and the amount of internal moisture absorption from the surface surface to the back surface from 20 mm is 0.1% or more. Construction materials having the sound absorption, sound insulation, and acoustic characteristics described in 1. 9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the difference between the bulk density of the substrate from the front surface to 20 mm in the thickness direction and the internal bulk density from 20 mm to the back surface is 0.1 or more. Building materials with the described sound absorption, sound insulation and acoustic properties 10. A building material having sound absorption, sound insulation and acoustic characteristics according to claim 1, wherein the building material is made of a raw material having a particle size of 7 mm or less. 11. A building material having sound absorption, sound insulation and acoustic characteristics according to claim 1, wherein the building material is made of a raw material having a particle size of 0.01 mm to 7 mm. 12. The photocatalyst according to claim 1, wherein the photocatalyst is a building material having sound absorption, sound insulation and acoustic properties, which is a substance that excites light by light irradiation and generates active oxygen on the surface of the catalyst. 13. The photocatalyst according to claim 1, wherein the photocatalyst is a substance that is photoexcited by light irradiation, and the contact angle of water after light irradiation is 5 to 30 degrees lower than the contact angle of water before light irradiation. Building materials with acoustic properties 14. The building material according to claim 1, having a thin film thickness of 0.001 to 1 μm.