JPH11264292A - Continuous breaking system by electric energy - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a continuous breaking system by electric energy using a small quantity of cable and dispensing with cable wiring reconnection work. SOLUTION: Large electric power pulse energy is supplied to metallic fine wires 14 installed at an object to be broken 11, to perform breaking. A switch 18 for switching the metallic fine wires 14 receiving the supply of large electric power pulse energy is provided between a large electric power pulse energy supply source and the metallic fine wires 14 installed in a plurality of places.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a crushing system using electric energy, and more particularly to a continuous crushing system using electric energy that uses a small amount of cable and does not require reconnection of cable wiring.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, blasting has been known as a method of crushing rocks and bedrock during civil engineering and construction work. Since blasting uses explosives such as dynamite, careful handling of the explosives is required.

In recent years, a crushing method that does not use explosives has been devised. For example, the "Development of Discharge Shock Crusher and Construction Method" in the 1997 Construction Machinery and Construction Method Symposium by the Japan Construction Mechanization Association states that a high-power pulse energy is supplied from a capacitor to a metal wire and the metal wire is A crushing method in which an impact force is obtained by melting and vaporizing and evaporating a liquid surrounding the fine metal wire is described.

[0004] In such a crushing method using electric energy, explosives are not used as the material, but only metal wires or water are used. Therefore, storage and transportation of the material and installation at the site are easy. Moreover, even if the crushing is unexploded, the residual material has no explosive property unlike the explosive, so that it can be easily removed.

[0005]

By the way, in the conventional blasting, a step-by-step system in which explosives are installed at a plurality of locations and blasts simultaneously or sequentially has been established, and a synergistic effect of each blasting can be obtained. Can be. Even in the crushing method using electric energy, it is possible to install thin metal wires at a plurality of locations and apply power simultaneously or sequentially.

In the crushing method using electric energy, it is necessary to arrange a cable in order to supply high-power pulse energy from a capacitor to a thin metal wire. In the case where thin metal wires are installed at a plurality of locations, conventionally, a cable is wired to each thin metal wire from a capacitor. This cable does not need a current capacity enough to allow a large current to flow constantly, but a cable having a current capacity sufficient to supply a high-power pulse energy to a thin metal wire is used. In addition, since it is routed to the construction site, use a strong cable with a jacket. Thus, the cable has some weight per unit length. Fine metal wires are installed on rocks and rocks, and capacitors are installed in places where there is no danger due to rock or rock collapse, so a considerable cable length is required, and the cable weight increases in proportion to this cable length. Become. When installing thin metal wires at multiple locations, laying out the same number of cables as the number of installation locations increases the amount of cables used and the total weight of the cables becomes considerably heavy, requiring labor for wiring and removal work Will be.

[0007] When crushing is sequentially performed at a plurality of installation locations with a time interval, if the cable wiring is changed every time the crushing is performed, the amount of cable used can be saved. It is not preferable to perform reconnection work when approaching crumbled rock or bedrock.

It is an object of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned problems and to provide a continuous crushing system using electric energy which requires a small amount of cable and does not require reconnection work of cable wiring.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention relates to a crushing system using electric energy for supplying high-power pulse energy to a thin metal wire installed on an object to be crushed and performing crushing. A switching device is provided between an energy supply source and a metal wire placed at a plurality of locations to switch a metal wire receiving supply of high power pulse energy.

[0010] A branching device for distributing high-power pulse energy may be provided between the switching device and the thin metal wires provided at a plurality of locations.

The thin metal wires installed at a plurality of locations may be connected in series.

A common electrode connected to the cable on the supply source side, individual electrodes connected to the cables on the thin metal wires side, and an actuator for moving these individual electrodes to contact the common electrode. May be configured.

[0013]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, in the continuous crushing system (stepping system) of the present invention, the crushing target 11
In addition, a plurality of installation holes (bore holes) 12 arranged vertically and horizontally at appropriate intervals are provided. The rows of this array are
Crushing stages 1, 2, 3, and 4 are distinguished. The number of crushing stages indicates the order of crushing. The columns are distinguished into columns A, B, C, D.

Each of the boreholes 12 contains a reactant 13 and a thin metal wire 14. The reactant 13 is a mixture of water and aluminum powder in a water-absorbing auxiliary agent such as silicon, and has a gel shape, in which the aluminum powder is uniformly dispersed.
The thin metal wire 14 is made of a copper wire. The thin metal wire 14 is embedded in the reactant 13.

Each of the thin metal wires 14 is connected to a stranded wire (twisted wire) 15 made of a conductor for both positive and negative polarities. This stranded wire is called an individual cable. Each individual cable 15 is connected to a branching device 16 installed relatively close to the object 11 to be crushed. The branching device 16 is provided for each crushing stage, and the metal wires 1 of the rows A, B, C, and D of the same stage are provided.
Individual cables 15 from 4 are connected to a common splitter 16. The splitter 16 connects the individual cables 15 in parallel in order to distribute high power pulse energy. In each branch 16, crushing stages 1, 2, 3, 4 are indicated. The internal structure of the branching device 16 will be described later.

Each branch 16 is connected to a stranded wire (twisted wire) 17 made of a conductor for both positive and negative polarities. This stranded wire is called a step-by-step cable. Cable 17 for each stage
Is a switch 18 installed relatively close to each branch 16
It is connected to the. The switch 18 switches the thin metal wires 14 supplied with the high-power pulse energy. Here, a plurality of thin metal wires 14 are
Is switched step by step. The switch 18 has an operation display section 1 showing the crushing stages 1, 2, 3, 4 in operation.
9 are provided. The operation display section 19 displays the operation when the protrusions appear and disappear. The internal structure of the switch 18 will be described later.

The switch 18 is connected to a stranded wire (twisted wire) 20 composed of conductors for both positive and negative poles. This stranded wire is called a main cable. The switch 18 is connected to a switching signal line 21. The main cable 20 and the switching signal line 21 are connected to a power supply unit 22 installed at a location sufficiently distant from the crushing object 11. The power supply unit 22 is a supply source that supplies high power pulse energy, and also supplies a switching signal for each stage to the switch 18. The power supply unit 22 is connected to a power supply 23 that takes in power from a generator or a transmission line.

FIG. 2A shows an electric circuit of the continuous crushing system.
Shown in The power supply unit (capacitor) 22 is a three-phase 20
A power supply device 24 for converting 0V power supply to DC, an energy storage device 26 for storing power energy from the power supply device 24 in a capacitor 25, an open / close switch 27 for discharging the stored power energy, and a trigger for the open / close switch 27. And a waveform shaping device 29 for shaping the waveform of the discharged power energy. The energy storage device 26 stores energy to be supplied to the thin metal wires 14, and the number of the thin metal wires 14 that simultaneously supply energy is determined according to the storage capacity. Power supply 2
4 and a common ground of the energy storage device 26 are connected to the negative conductor of the main cable 20, and the output of the waveform shaping device 29 is connected to the positive conductor of the main cable 20. The positive and negative conductors of the main cable 20 are connected to the power supply side positive and negative electrodes of the switch 18.

Inside the switch 18, the power supply side positive electrode and each load side positive electrode are open, and the power supply side negative electrode and all load side negative electrodes are short-circuited. The load-side positive electrode and the negative electrode of the switch 18 are connected to the power-supply-side positive electrode and the negative electrode of the branching unit 16 of each stage via the stage-dependent cable 17.

Inside the branching device 16, the power supply side positive electrode and the full load side positive electrode are short-circuited, and the power supply side negative electrode and the full load side negative electrode are short-circuited. The load-side positive and negative electrodes of the branching device 16 are connected to individual thin metal wires 14 via individual cables 15.

The bore hole 12 has an appropriate depth, and a metal wire 14 and a reactant (gel) are provided at the deepest portion.
13 are accommodated. Sand in the middle of the borehole 12,
It is good to fill with cement or the like.

In the continuous crushing system shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2, after sufficient energy is stored in the energy storage device 26, a trigger is given to the on / off switch 27 by the control device 28. When the open / close switch 27 is closed, the positive and negative electrodes are short-circuited via the thin metal wires 14, so that the energy storage device 26 discharges. The waveform of the discharged power energy is shaped by the waveform shaping device 29 into a large power pulse energy waveform that is advantageous for crushing.

A switching signal for each stage is supplied from the power supply unit 22 to the switch 18 in synchronization with the trigger or in advance. Here, since the number of crushing stages indicates the order of crushing, first, a switching signal designating crushing stage 1 is provided. The switch 18 short-circuits the load-side positive electrode of the crushing stage 1 to the power-supply-side positive electrode. As a result, only the branching device 16 of the crushing stage 1 is supplied with high power pulse energy. The high power pulse energy is branched by the branching device 16 and supplied in parallel to the fine metal wires 14 in the rows A, B, C, and D of the crushing stage 1.

The thin metal wire 14 to which the high-power pulse energy is applied instantaneously melts and evaporates into plasma vapor. A reactant composed of water and aluminum surrounding the plasma vapor causes an electrochemical reaction described below to generate hydrogen gas. Further, it is considered that gas such as water vapor due to heat and oxygen and hydrogen due to electrolysis are also generated.

2Al + 3H ₂ O → Al ₂ O 3 + 3H ₂ As described above, plasma vapor, gas, water vapor and the like are generated and instantaneous volume expansion occurs, so that a strong impact is given to the crushed object 11.

After the crushing of the crushing stage 1 is completed, the same high-power pulse energy is applied to the crushing stages 2, 3, and 4 in an appropriate time, and the crushing proceeds.

According to this continuous crushing system, each individual cable 15 is connected to the branching device 16 installed relatively close to the object 11 to be crushed. Each of the individual cables 15 and the step-by-step cables 1 are connected to the installed switch 18.
Since the length of the cable 7 is short and the length of the main cable 20 is long, only one main cable 20 may be used. In addition, since the total weight of the cable is reduced, the labor for wiring and removing work is reduced. In addition, since all the cables are wired in advance, the operator does not need to enter the vicinity of the object to be crushed for reconnection work until the crushing of all the stages is completed.

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described.

The above-mentioned continuous crushing system (stepping system)
Is a parallel type, whereas the present system is a series type. As shown in FIG. 3, in this continuous crushing system, the same installation holes (bore holes) 12 as those in FIG. 1 are arranged, and the same switch 18, power supply unit 22 and power supply 23 are provided. The thin metal wires 14 of each installation hole 12 are connected in series for each stage. For example, rows A, B, C,
D thin metal wires 14 are sequentially connected in series via conductive wires. The thin metal wires 14 in rows A and D are
7 are connected to the positive and negative conductors. FIG. 2B shows an electric circuit on the load side of the switch 18. As shown, between the load-side positive electrode and the load-side negative electrode of the switch 18, the thin metal wires 14 of the rows A, B, C, and D in the same stage are inserted in series.

The operation of the continuous crushing system shown in FIG.
Since the operation is almost the same as that of the continuous crushing system shown in FIG. 1, the description is omitted. However, the series-type continuous crushing system has an excellent point that the metal wires 14 connected in series are uniformly melted. Since the fine metal wires 14 are uniformly melted, it is easy to obtain the crushing effect as expected. In the case of the parallel type, the current flowing through each thin metal wire 14 may be biased and the melting may not be uniform. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a coil for each row in order to make the melting uniform.

Next, the internal structure of the branching device will be described.

As shown in FIG. 4, the power-supply-side positive electrode 41
a and the negative electrode 41b are each configured by a booth bar. The positive electrode booth bar 41a has coils 4 for each row.
2 are connected, and each load-side positive electrode 43a is connected via each coil 42. The coil 42 is provided in order to prevent the current flowing through the thin metal wires of each row from being biased. On the other hand, all the load side negative electrodes 43b are directly connected to the negative electrode booth bar 41b. Each of the load-side positive electrode 43a and the negative electrode 43b is constituted by a connector. The connectors 43a and 43b are connected to the individual cables 15
Has a clamp for holding the connector 44 of FIG.
When the clamp is attached, the connector 44 of the individual cable 15 is prevented from coming off due to the reaction force generated when the high power pulse energy is applied.

Next, the internal structure of the switch will be described.

As shown in FIG. 5, the power supply side positive electrode 51
a and the negative electrode 51b are each configured by a booth bar. All load-side negative electrodes (negative conductors of the step-by-step cables 17) are directly connected to the negative electrode booth bar 51b. On the other hand, the load-side positive electrode is not connected to the positive-electrode booth bar 51a, and a movable bar 52 for each crushing stage is provided opposite to one surface of the positive-electrode booth bar 51a. The positive conductor of the step-by-step cable 17 is connected. Each movable bar 52 can be moved toward the positive electrode booth bar 51a by being guided by the guide bar 53. The guide bar 53 is provided with a spring 54 for moving the movable bar 52 away from the positive electrode booth bar 51a. The movable bar 52 includes a movable bar 5.
An actuator 55 is provided for bringing the second electrode 2 closer to and in contact with the positive electrode booth bar 51a. here,
The actuator 55 includes a bellows 56 that expands by injecting air. When the bellows 56 expands, the movable bar 52 comes into contact with the positive electrode booth bar 51a. Air injection to the bellows 56
An air pump (not shown) may be driven by a switching signal from the power supply unit 22, or the switching signal itself may be sent by air pressure.

By providing the switch, the common electrode (positive electrode booth bar 51a) on the supply source side and the individual electrode (movable bar 52) on each thin metal wire side can be brought into contact with the actuator 55, so that high power pulse energy Can be automatically switched.

Although only the positive electrode is switched in the above switch, the negative electrode may be switched at the same time.

[0038]

The present invention exhibits the following excellent effects.

(1) The amount of cable used can be reduced even when the thin metal wires are installed at many places. In addition, since the total weight of the cable is reduced, the labor for wiring and removing work is reduced.

(2) Since all cables are pre-wired, there is no need for the operator to enter the crushing object near the crushing object for reconnection work until crushing of all stages is completed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a continuous crushing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2 (a) is a circuit diagram of the continuous crushing system of FIG. 1, and FIG. 2 (b) is a circuit diagram of a characteristic portion of the continuous crushing system of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a continuous crushing system showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an internal structural view of the branching device of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an internal structural view of the switch of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Object to be crushed 12 Installation hole (Borehole) 13 Reactant 14 Fine metal wire 15 Individual cable 16 Branching device 17 Stepwise cable 18 Switching device

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Takashi Majima 3-1-1-15 Toyosu, Koto-ku, Tokyo Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd.Higashiji Technical Center (72) Inventor Tsunemi Yamada Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 2-2-1, Ishi Kawashima-Harima Heavy Industries, Ltd. 2-2-2 Matsuzaki-cho, Abeno-ku Okumura Gumi Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Yoshio Araya 2-2-2 Matsuzaki-cho, Abeno-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A crushing system using electric energy for supplying high-power pulse energy to a thin metal wire installed on an object to be crushed to perform crushing, wherein a high-power pulse energy source is connected to a thin metal wire installed at a plurality of locations. A continuous crushing system using electric energy, further comprising a switch for switching a thin metal wire supplied with high-power pulse energy. 2. A continuous crushing system using electric energy according to claim 1, wherein a branching device for distributing high-power pulse energy is provided between said switching device and said thin metal wires installed at a plurality of locations. 3. The continuous crushing system using electric energy according to claim 1, wherein thin metal wires installed at a plurality of locations are connected in series. 4. The switching device includes a common electrode connected to a cable on a supply source side, individual electrodes connected to cables on each thin metal wire side, and moving these individual electrodes to contact the common electrode. The continuous crushing system using electric energy according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the continuous crushing system comprises an actuator.