JPH112496A - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a novel heat exchanger allowing its barrel inside to be easily and certainly cleaned. SOLUTION: The heat exchanger comprises a tubular barrel 1 having headers at both ends and tube bundles 4 disposed at both ends of the barrel 1. The tube bundles 4 comprise each a plurality of straight heating tubes 11 spun between tube plates 10, 10 in the barrel 1. The tube bundles are removably inserted and housed from openings of the headers and their tube plates 10, 10 are held in the barrel 1 with a ring-like retainer 13 screwed into the inner wall of the barrel 1. Accordingly this allows the tube bundles 4 to be easily taken out from the barrel 1 and hence the cleaning work, etc., of not only the barrel 1 inside but also the tube bundles 4 can be easily and certainly executed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heat exchanger frequently used in various industrial plants such as a petroleum refining plant, a chemical plant, and a wastewater treatment plant.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a heat exchanger such as a reactor preheater used in a petroleum refining plant, a chemical plant, a wastewater treatment plant or the like is used at a high pressure and crosses the temperature. As shown in the figure, a completely counter-flow type integrated with a fixed tube sheet is used.

[0003] As shown in the figure, this fixed tube plate-integrated heat exchanger is provided with tube plates b and b at both ends of a body portion a through which a high-temperature or low-temperature secondary fluid flows, respectively. A plurality of heat transfer tubes c, c,... Are bridged between the plates b, b, and headers d, e for flowing a primary fluid are provided on both ends of the heat transfer tubes c, c,. Then, as shown by the arrow in the figure, the low-temperature or high-temperature primary fluid is caused to flow from one header d to the other header e through each heat transfer tube, and at the same time, the high-temperature or low-temperature secondary fluid is meandered in the body part a. While flowing, heat exchange is performed indirectly with the primary fluid.

[0004]

By the way, in such a heat exchanger integrated with a fixed tube sheet, plant wastewater,
When a highly contaminated fluid such as coal slurry flows, the body a
In some cases, this adheres and accumulates inside, making it almost impossible to physically remove it.

[0005] That is, in the case of the conventional heat exchanger integrated with a fixed tube plate, it is difficult to disassemble the inside of the body a. The only method is chemical cleaning in which a large amount is poured to chemically decompose dirt, which is extremely uneconomical and has an insufficient cleaning effect.

Accordingly, the present invention has been devised in order to effectively solve such a problem, and a main object of the present invention is to provide a novel heat source capable of easily and reliably cleaning the inside of the body. An exchange is provided.

[0007]

According to the present invention, a plurality of straight heat transfer tubes are provided between opposed tube plates in a cylindrical body having headers at both ends. The tube bundle is inserted into and detached from the opening of the header, and the end of the tube bundle is held in the body by a ring-shaped retainer retainer screwed into the header or the inner wall surface of the body. It is made.

Therefore, after removing the ring-shaped retainer retainer screwed onto the header or the inner wall surface of the body, the tube bundle can be easily taken out from the body by pulling out the tube bundle. The cleaning work for exposing the wall surface can be easily performed.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a heat exchanger according to the present invention.

As shown in the figure, this heat exchanger is provided with an inlet header 2 and an outlet header 3 at both ends of a cylindrical body 1 made of steel. The part 4 is provided so as to be freely inserted and removed. A fluid inlet nozzle 5 and a fluid outlet nozzle 6 are provided on the side of the body 1, and a high-temperature or low-temperature secondary fluid flows into the body 1 from the fluid inlet nozzle 5. The secondary fluid is discharged from the fluid outlet nozzle 6 to the outside.

On the other hand, disk-shaped lid plates 7, 7 are provided on the flange portions 2a, 3a of the inlet header 2 and the outlet header 3, respectively.
Are detachably provided by bolts (not shown) so as to close the openings in the inlet header 2 and the outlet header 3. Further, the inlet header 2 and the outlet header 3 also have a fluid inlet nozzle 8 and a fluid outlet nozzle 9 respectively.
Is provided so that a low-temperature or high-temperature primary fluid flows from the fluid inlet nozzle 8 into the inlet header 2 and the primary fluid in the outlet header 3 is discharged from the fluid outlet nozzle 9 to the outside.

The tube bundle 4 located inside the body 1
Is a structure in which a plurality of straight tubular heat transfer tubes 11 are laid in parallel between a pair of disk-shaped tube plates 10, 10, and the inlet header 2 and the outlet header are formed by the tube plates 10, 10. 3 and the torso 1
The primary fluid flowing into the inlet header 2 is passed through the respective heat transfer tubes 11 and discharged to the outlet header 3 side.

Also, as shown in FIG.
The tube sheets 10, 10 located at both ends thereof are held by ring-shaped retainer retainers 13, 1 via retainer rings 12, 12.
3, and between the retainer rings 12, 12 and the tube plates 10, 10, are provided with gaskets 14, 14, which are made of a hollow metal O-ring, a graphite gland packing or the like. Each is to be sealed. That is, the male screw portion 1 extending in the circumferential direction is provided on the outer periphery of the retainer retainers 13, 13.
5 and 15 are formed respectively.
5 and 15 portions are screwed into female screw portions 16 and 16 formed on the inner peripheral surfaces of the inlet header 2 and the outlet header 3, respectively, so that both ends of the tube bundle portion 4 are held in the body portion 1 and the tube bundle portion is held. The inside of the body 1 through which the secondary fluid flows and the space between the headers 2 and 3 are partitioned by the tube sheets 10 and 10 at the four ends.
The gaskets 14, 14 are also provided between the flange portions 2a, 3a of the inlet header 2 and the outlet header 3 and the cover plates 7, 8, and are provided with primary gas from the opening side of the inlet header 2 and the outlet header 3. The gap is sealed so that the fluid does not leak.

Further, as shown in FIG.
In the figure, a plurality of disk-shaped baffle plates 17 partially cut away are provided alternately up and down so as to traverse the heat transfer tubes 11, 11, and the secondary fluid flowing into the body 1 is indicated by arrows in FIG. As shown in the figure, the fluid flows toward the fluid outlet nozzle 6 while meandering.

Therefore, as shown in FIG.
The primary fluid that has flowed into the inlet header 2 from the tube header 10 of the tube bundle portion 4 located on the inlet header 2 side as shown by the broken line in the figure.
Flows into each of the heat transfer tubes 11, 11..., Passes therethrough and merges on the other outlet header 3 side, and then is discharged from the fluid outlet nozzle 9 to the outside. On the other hand, as shown by the solid line in the figure, the secondary fluid flows into the body 1 from the fluid inlet nozzle 5 formed in the body 1, and then the baffle plates 17, 17,. After flowing in a meandering manner in the body 1, the heat is indirectly exchanged with the primary fluid flowing in the heat transfer tubes 11, 11,..., And then discharged to the outside from the fluid outlet nozzle 6.

Here, when the secondary fluid flowing into the body 2 is a fluid having a high viscosity and containing a large amount of solid matter such as coal slurry or sludge, a part of the fluid may be partially replaced by the body 1 in some cases. The inner wall and the surface of the tube bundle 4, specifically, the heat transfer tubes 11 and 1
1 and the baffle plate 17 and the tube plates 10 and 10 to adhere to and impede the flow of the fluid. In the worst case, the inside of the body 1 may be closed.

However, according to the present invention, the tube bundle 4 is manufactured separately from the body 1 and is detachably attached to the body 1. Therefore, even if such a situation occurs, the tube bundle 4 is not attached to the body 1.
, And can be easily cleaned. That is, when the tube bundle 4 is closed in the state as shown in FIG. 1, as shown in FIG. 3, first, after removing one of the lid plates 7, the retainer presser 13 is rotated to remove. The retainer ring 12 pressed against the retainer presser 13
Is removed to make the end portion of the tube bundle portion 4 open, and then the tube bundle portion 4 can be easily removed by pulling the tube bundle portion 4 straight toward the header side.
Cleaning work can be performed. At this time, the tube sheet 1
Are formed to have substantially the same size as the inner diameter of the body 1 and their edges are in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the body 1, so that the tube bundle 4 is pulled out. , The edges of the tube plate 10 and the baffle plates 17, 17... Move so as to rub against the inner surface of the body 1, thereby effectively scraping and removing the deposits attached to the inner surface of the body 1. can do.

When the washing operation of the tube bundle 4 is completed in this manner, the operation opposite to the removal operation is performed, and the tube bundle 4 is accommodated in the body 1, so that the tube bundle 4 can be attached. It is easily performed, and good heat exchange work can be performed again.

As described above, according to the present invention, the tube bundle provided in the body 1 is manufactured separately from the body, and the inside of the body is detachably formed. Removal operation at the time of blockage can be easily performed. In addition, since the configuration as in the present invention simplifies the configuration of the entire heat exchanger, the weight can be significantly reduced as compared with the conventional heat exchanger having the same capacity.
Since 0 and 10 have a structure completely separated from the body 1 unlike the conventional case, no end moment is applied to the tube sheets 10 and 10, and metal fatigue and the like hardly occur even in long-term use. Further, since the inner surface of the body 1 can be completely exposed, the work of applying a corrosion-resistant lining material such as titanium to the inner wall surface can be performed very easily.

In the present embodiment, the retainer ring 12 for fixing the tube bundle 4 and the retainer retainers 13 for holding the same are provided on both sides of the tube bundle 4, respectively. The presser 13 does not necessarily need to be provided at both ends, but may be provided at either one. In addition, since the tube bundle 4, the retainer ring 12, and the retainer retainer 13 are actually heavy, a handle, a gripping portion, or a body 1 is formed on a surface of the tube bundle 4 to facilitate removal work. In this case, a hanging ear or the like for hanging the tube bundle 4 may be formed. Further, it goes without saying that the flow directions of the primary fluid and the secondary fluid are not limited to the present embodiment.

[0022]

In summary, according to the present invention, the tube bundle provided in the body is manufactured separately from the body and can be freely inserted into and removed from the body. Attachment and detachment work of parts becomes easy. Therefore, it is possible to easily perform the work of cleaning the tube bundle portion and the work of applying the corrosion-resistant lining such as titanium to the inner wall surface of the body portion, and provide an excellent effect such as providing a heat exchanger excellent in versatility and reliability. Can be demonstrated.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a tube bundle according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a state of attachment and detachment of a tube bundle according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a conventional fixed tube sheet integrated heat exchanger.

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another example of the conventional fixed tube plate integrated heat exchanger.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Body part 2, 3 Header 4 Tube bundle part 7 Cover plate 10 Tube plate 11 Heat transfer tube 12 Retainer ring 13 Retainer holding

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a cylindrical body having headers at both ends,
A tube bundle formed by bridging a plurality of straight tubular heat transfer tubes between opposed tube sheets is housed in a manner that can be inserted and removed from the opening of the header,
A heat exchanger characterized in that an end of the tube bundle is held in the body by a ring-shaped retainer retainer screwed into the header or the inner wall surface of the body.