JPH11248814A - Radio wave apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To cope with generation, disappearance, movement of a wave source by carrying out a clustering process, obtaining a standard deviation from a plurality of azimuth data for every clustering and obtaining a grade from the deviation. SOLUTION: This apparatus comprises a receiving antenna, a receiver, an analog/digital converter, a signal-processing apparatus based on a MUSIC algorithm and an angle display device. The signal-processing apparatus has in its internal constitution a buffer memory, a correlation matrix-calculating means, a proper value and proper vector-calculating means, an azimuth evaluation function-calculating means, a peak-detecting means, a clustering means, a standard deviation-calculating means and a grade-judging means, and processes information based on a plurality of time series azimuth data. Specifically, the signal-processing apparatus sets an angle resolution on the basis of azimuth information obtained by the peak-detecting means, carries out clustering and classifies an azimuth in terms of attributes. Thereafter, the apparatus carries out statistic processing in relation to the azimuth information in each cluster, calculates a standard deviation and judges a grade.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention uses a plurality of antennas, and outputs the output of each antenna to a MUSIC (Multipl
The present invention relates to a radio wave device that measures the azimuth and elevation angle of radio waves arriving in a time series or simultaneously from a plurality of directions by processing using an e Signal Classification method, and determines the grade of an observed radio wave.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The resolution limit of an antenna has been defined as wavelength / antenna aperture diameter. In recent years, an algorithm for obtaining an angular resolution exceeding the resolution limit by using a plurality of antennas and signal processing has been proposed. . As such an algorithm, for example, R.S. O. Schmidt: "M
multiple Emitter Locationa
nd Signal Parameter Estim
ation ", IEEE Trans., AP-34.
3, pp. 276-280 (1986), JP-A-5-1
MUS as shown in 96716 "Direction finder"
There is an IC algorithm.

First, a conventional radio device using the MUSIC algorithm will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 11 is an overall configuration diagram of a conventional device, wherein 1 is a receiving antenna, 2 is a receiver, 3 is an analog / digital converter, 4 is a signal processing device based on the MUSIC algorithm, and 5 is an angle display device. In the figure, X _M represents a received signal, m is a subscript indicating the channel number. FIG.
2 is an internal configuration diagram of a conventional signal processing device 4 of FIG. 1, a buffer memory for the received signal X _M 21, 22
Is a correlation matrix R calculating means, 23 is an eigenvalue and eigenvector calculating means of R, 24 is an azimuth evaluation function F (θ) calculating means,
25 is a peak detecting means, 26 is a variance value calculating means,
27 is a grade judging means.

Hereinafter, the operation will be described. The reception signal vector X is defined by Expression 3.

[0005]

(Equation 3)

Here, i is a suffix indicating time, T is the inverted value of the vector matrix, and M is the number of channels, that is, the number of antennas in the array. The buffer memory 21 stores received signal vectors X (1) to X (I) from time 1 to time I. The correlation matrix calculation means 22 calculates the correlation matrix R as shown in Expression 4.

[0007]

(Equation 4)

Here, H represents a complex conjugate inversion value of a matrix vector. Therefore, R is an M × M square matrix. 23
Are the eigenvalues λ _{1 to} λ _M of R and the eigenvectors e _{1 to} e _M
Is calculated. The azimuth evaluation function F calculating means 24 calculates the eigenvalue λ ₁
Calculating the orientation evaluation function F as in equation 5 by using the eigenvector e _N corresponding to the minimum eigenvalue in to [lambda] _M.

[0009]

(Equation 5)

Here, (θ) indicates a function of the angle θ, and F (θ) is calculated for all θ. a
(Θ) is called a steering vector, and the received signal vector X when there is one radio wave s incident at the angle of arrival θ.
Is a coefficient vector given by Expression 6, and is determined by the position of each antenna 1 and the directivity in the θ direction.

[0011]

(Equation 6)

Here, n is a noise vector.
Receiver 2 and A / D converter 3 for each channel as shown in FIG.
, Or the noise _nm that leaks from the antenna 1 is taken as an element.

[0013]

(Equation 7)

The peak detecting means 45 searches for an angle θ that gives the K peaks having the largest F (θ), and outputs this value as an estimated angle of arrival. The value of K is determined from the distribution of eigenvalues λ _{1 to} λ _M.

Hereinafter, the principle of the angle measurement of the MUSIC algorithm will be described. It is assumed that the number K of incident waves is smaller than the total number M of channels (M> K). When a plurality of radio waves enter the array antenna, the received signal vector X changes to “Equation 6” and is given by Eq.

[0016]

(Equation 8)

Here, k is a suffix indicating the number of the incident signal, and A is an M × K matrix constituted by the steering vector a as shown in Expression 9.

[0018]

(Equation 9)

S is a K × 1 vector given by Expression 10 with the incident signal as an element.

[0020]

(Equation 10)

Using Equation 8, the correlation matrix R defined in Equation 4 can be expanded as shown in Equation 11.

[0022]

[Equation 11]

Here, S is K which is constructed as shown in Expression 12.
× K square matrix.

[0024]

(Equation 12)

Where σ ² is noise power and I is M
It is a unit matrix of × M. Each noise n _m (m = 1, 2,.
.., M) are assumed to be uncorrelated and equal in power. Since the correlation matrix R is a Hermitian matrix, the eigenvalues λ _{1 to} λ _M are all positive real numbers, and it can be seen from Equation 11 that the smallest M−K eigenvalues are equal to the noise power σ ² . When the eigenvector corresponding to such a minimum eigenvalue λ = σ ² is represented by e _N , Expression 13 is established from the relationship between the eigenvalue and the eigenvector.

[0026]

(Equation 13)

If the left side of the above equation is transformed using Equation 11, Equation 1 is obtained.
4 is obtained.

[0028]

[Equation 14]

Here, if the matrix S has a full rank, that is, if the correlation coefficient of the incident signal is smaller than 100%, Equation 14 becomes
5 can be transformed.

[0030]

(Equation 15)

When this is expressed using a steering vector, the following equation 16 is obtained which is important in principle of the MUSIC algorithm.

[0032]

(Equation 16)

On the other hand, when the azimuth evaluation function F (θ) is searched for the variable θ, when the variable θ matches any one of the radio wave incident angles θ _k , the denominator of Expression 5 becomes 0 from Eq. The value is a very large value. FIG. 13 illustrates an azimuth evaluation function F (θ) at this time. Therefore, since the incident angle can be estimated by the operation of the peak detecting means 25, it is possible to draw an azimuth line on the display of the display device 5 as the arrival direction of the radio wave. On the other hand, the variance value calculating means 26 is based on Stoica, Nehorai, IEEE tran.
s. ASSP vo. 37, NO. When the estimated azimuth is obtained, it can be calculated from the eigenvalue, the eigenvector, the steering vector of the estimated azimuth, and the like.

[0034]

[Equation 17]

Here, σ _M ² [θ _i ] is the error variance with respect to the incident angle θ _i of the i-th arriving wave, N is the number of samples used for calculating the received signal covariance matrix R, λ _m is the eigenvalue of R, σ _n is the noise power, a (θi) is the steering vector for the incident angle theta _i, is e _m is the eigenvector of R. The grade judging means 27 judges the grade as the quality of the arriving radio wave in several stages from the magnitude of the standard deviation σ _M obtained from the variance value of σ _M ² [θ _i ]. Specifically, a grade determination is made where the standard deviation is less than 1 degree A, B is 1 degree or more and less than 2.5 degrees, C is 2.5 degrees or more and less than 5 degrees, and D is 5 degrees or more. However, as described above, the grade determination method used in the above-described radio device uses a tens of msec to several This is equivalent to determining the grade within a short time of about 100 msec, and may not always coincide with the physical change such as the azimuth line of the radio wave which fluctuates largely due to fading or the like, which has been a problem. .

[0036]

The conventional radio equipment grade determination system is configured as described above. The azimuth of the azimuth is determined by the MUSIC algorithm from the phase and amplitude data of a signal obtained within one azimuth measurement cycle. Dozens of meters based on dispersion
Since the grade within a short period of time of about sec to several hundred msec is determined, in the case of a radio wave which fluctuates greatly due to fading or the like, the amount of change in the phase and amplitude of a signal obtained within one measurement cycle is small. As a result, only a small variance value is obtained, which is determined to be a good grade.
There is a problem that depends on a difference from a sensation such as different from a grade felt by an operator from a gentle change of the upper azimuth line.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problem, and is an apparatus for matching the grade indicated by the grade judging means 27 with the sense of the grade felt by the operator from the change of the azimuth line on the display device 5. The purpose is to obtain.

[0038]

The radio wave device according to the first invention comprises a receiving antenna, a receiver, an analog / digital converter, a signal processing device based on the MUSIC algorithm, and an angle display device. The internal configuration of the signal processing device is as follows. A buffer memory, a correlation matrix R calculating unit, an eigenvalue and eigenvector calculating unit, an azimuth evaluation function F (θ) calculating unit, a peak detecting unit, a clustering unit, a standard deviation calculating unit, and a grade determining unit; Information processing is performed based on the data. Specifically, based on the azimuth information obtained by the peak detecting means, an angular resolution D is set, clustering is performed, and the attribute classification of the azimuth is performed.
Thereafter, statistical processing is performed on the azimuth information θ _i in each cluster, the standard deviation σ _SD is calculated, and the grade is determined.

Further, the radio apparatus according to the second invention comprises a receiving antenna, a receiver, an analog / digital converter, a MUS
A signal processing device and an angle display device based on an IC algorithm, and a buffer memory, a correlation matrix R calculating device, an eigenvalue and eigenvector calculating device, an azimuth evaluation function F (θ) calculating device, a peak detecting device, Variance value calculation means, storage means, clustering means,
It has a hit rate calculation means and a hit rate / grade conversion means, and performs information processing based on a plurality of time-series azimuth data θ _i. Specifically, an angle is determined based on azimuth information obtained by a peak detection means. The resolution D is set, clustering is performed, and the attribute classification of the azimuth is performed. Thereafter, a narrower angle range is set from the average value σ _{M (AV) of} σ _M (i) obtained from the variance σ _M ² (i) corresponding to the average value θ of the orientation in each cluster by the hit rate calculation means. It is determined how much the azimuth angle θ _i exists (hits) in the narrow angle range within the narrow angle range, and the grade is determined from the ratio to the frequency.

A radio apparatus according to a third aspect of the present invention includes a receiving antenna, a receiver, an analog / digital converter, a MUS
A signal processing device and an angle display device based on an IC algorithm, and a buffer memory, a correlation matrix R calculating device, an eigenvalue and eigenvector calculating device, an azimuth evaluation function F (θ) calculating device, a peak detecting device, Clustering means, variance detection means, σ _M (i)
It has an average value calculating means and a grade judging means and performs information processing based on a plurality of time-series azimuth data. Specifically, an angle resolution D is set based on azimuth information obtained by a peak detecting means. Clustering is performed and the attribute classification of the bearing is performed. Variance value σ _M ² obtained as a result of orientation attribute classification
(I) After determining the average value σ _{M (AV)} of σ _M (i) from the column, grade determination is performed.

A radio apparatus according to a fourth aspect of the present invention includes a receiving antenna, a receiver, an analog / digital converter, a MUS
A signal processing device and an angle display device based on an IC algorithm, and a buffer memory, a correlation matrix R calculating device, an eigenvalue and eigenvector calculating device, an azimuth evaluation function F (θ) calculating device, a peak detecting device, It has clustering means, variance value detecting means, standard deviation σ _SD calculating means of grade processing section, σ _M (i) average value calculating means, switching means, and grade judging means. Specifically, the angle resolution D is set based on the azimuth information obtained by the peak detecting means, clustering is performed, and the attribute classification of the azimuth is performed. After calculating the azimuth standard deviation σ _SD from the azimuth information sequence θ _i obtained as a result of the azimuth attribute classification and the average value σ _{M (AV)} of σ _M (i) from the variance σ _M ² (i) sequence, the radio wave The operator selects one of the two by the switching means according to the propagation status of, and makes a grade determination.

[0042]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiment 1 FIG. 1 is an internal configuration diagram of a signal processing device 4 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Is a correlation matrix R calculating means, 23 is an eigenvalue and eigenvector calculating means of R, 24 is an azimuth evaluation function F (θ) calculating means,
25 is a peak detecting means, 26 is a variance value calculating means, 31 is a clustering means, and 32 is an azimuth standard deviation σ _SD calculating means.

The operation will be described below. In FIG. 1, reference numerals 21 to 26 are the same as those in the conventional example shown in FIG. The arrival angle of a radio wave is estimated for each frame by the peak detecting means 25. In this case, if there is an interference wave, a plurality of estimated directions θ _{1 to} θ _K are included in the same frame.
(K: incident wave number) is calculated. Clustering means 3
In step 1, the above data is used to perform attribute classification of the estimated azimuth angle using the angle resolution width D shown in Expression 2 determined from the wavelength λ, the antenna diameter Da, and the efficiency coefficient η as the filter width.

At this time, if there is an interference wave at the same frequency, the number of incident waves K is plural, so that a plurality of attributes concerning the azimuth angle appear. FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the above clustering algorithm. A black circle indicates an angle measurement value, θi indicates an i-th angle measurement value, Cn indicates a center angle of a cluster, and D indicates an angle resolution. At frame time 1, azimuth angle data θ1
~ Θ2, and C1 = θ1, C2 as a cluster angle
= Θ2 and output as it is. At frame time 2, new azimuth angles θ1, θ2, and θ3 are received, and it is determined whether or not the data falls within the attribute category of the clustering angles C1 and C2. Specifically, it is determined whether or not the angle data falls within the angle range of each cluster by using the discriminant of Expression 18.

[0045]

(Equation 18)

Θ2 and θ3 are included in each cluster, and the reliability of the observation data is assigned and output as C1 = θ2 and C2 = θ3 assuming that the latest data is the highest. Since θ1 does not belong to an existing cluster, a new cluster C3 is generated, and C3 = θ1 is assigned and output. At frame time 3, θ1, θ2 in cluster C2
Indicates a case where the radio wave source is the same as the other angle measurement values observed at the same time. In this case, an average value of both is obtained, and C
2 = (θ1 + θ2) / 2 and output. θ3
Belongs to cluster C3, and is assigned C3 = θ3 and output. At frame time 3, there is no observation data corresponding to cluster C1, so that it is output as it is. At frame time 4, since the observation data θ1, θ2, and θ3 are all included in the cluster, C1 = θ1, C2 = θ3, and C3 = θ.
Assign 2 and output. As described above, the above-described clustering process is performed for each frame time, and it is possible to cope with generation, disappearance, and movement of a wave source. As shown in FIG. 3, the azimuth standard deviation σ _D calculating means 32 prepares a table relating to the azimuth information θi column for each cluster in a time series, for example, in units of 10 frames, as shown in FIG. Calculate σ _SD . When the above-mentioned σ _SD is obtained by using the frame numbers 1 to 10, the next calculation is configured such that the σ _SD is sequentially obtained as the frame numbers 2 to 11. Σ _SD is output sequentially for each frame time. The grade determination means 27 uses σ _{SD as} shown in the conventional example.
The grade is determined from the relationship between the grade and the grade.

By adopting the above-described algorithm for determining the grade, an arrival direction attribute class that can cope with the occurrence, disappearance, and movement of a wave source, and a plurality of direction data in a cluster classified in the attribute class are standardized. Since the deviation is obtained, in the case of a radio wave in which the azimuth of the radio wave changes gradually due to fading or the like, the sense of the grade felt by the operator and the sense of the grade judged by the present system from the gradual change of the azimuth line on the display device 5 are relatively small. You can now better match. As for the angular resolution D,
By introducing the concept of the beam width of the array antenna, the method of setting D corresponding to the change in the physical meaning, frequency, and antenna diameter in clustering for performing the attribute classification of the direction of arrival has been clarified. Further, as the original information for performing the grade determination, only the arrival angle estimation value θi obtained by the peak detection means 25 may be used, and the variance σ _M ² (i) becomes unnecessary, and the load on the signal processor 4 is reduced. There is.

Embodiment 2 FIG. 4 shows Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Is a diagram showing the internal configuration of the signal processing apparatus 4 according to the present invention. Reference numeral 33 denotes a hit ratio calculation unit, and 34 denotes a hit ratio / grade conversion unit. The other means are the same as those in the conventional example and the first embodiment, and the description is omitted. The hit ratio calculating means 33 includes, as shown in FIG. 5, a column of azimuth data θi corresponding to clusters, for example, every ten frames, and a variance value σ which is information from the variance value detecting means 26.
_{From the} column _M ² (i), the average value σ of the average angles θ _AV and σ _M (i)
_{M (AV)} is obtained, and when θi corresponding to each cluster in FIG. 5 satisfies the above “Equation 1”, the hit is counted as a valid hit, and the hit rate is calculated from the ratio of the hit number to all the frequencies in the cluster. The above equation considers the center angle of the obtained cluster during, for example, 10 frame times as the average angle θ _AV ,
The average value of obtained from USIC process _{σ M (i) σ M (} AV)
The variation has a probability of 99% 3σ
_{Assuming M (AV)} , it is determined whether or not the column of the azimuth data θi falls within the range of the above equation, and is to be used as the base data for the grade determination. The hit ratio / grade conversion means 34 presupposes that there is a correlation between the hit ratio and the standard deviation value of the azimuth. As a result, the hit ratio and the grade can be converted based on the relationship between the standard deviation value and the grade described above.

By adopting the grade determination method employing the algorithm described above, in the case of a radio wave whose azimuth changes gradually due to fading or the like, the operator can recognize the gradual change of the azimuth line on the display device 5 so that the operator can change the direction. The feeling of the grade to be felt and the feeling of the grade determined by this system can be relatively well matched.

Embodiment 3 FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the internal configuration of the signal processing device 4 according to the third embodiment of the present invention. After the clustering process, the σ _M (i) average value calculating means 35 is determined in time series as shown in FIG. For example, a table of σ _M (i) for each cluster corresponding to the number of 10 frames is created, and for example, the average value σ _{M (AV)} for each of the 10 frames is calculated. Is what you do. FIG. 8 shows the standard deviation σ _SD of the orientation data sequence θi and the average value σ _{M of} the σ _M (i) column obtained from the MUSIC variance value.
_{M (AV)} was evaluated at a frequency of 0.3 MHz with s / n as a variable, and the two relatively well corresponded. It can be seen that the average value σ _{M (AV)} can be a basis for grade evaluation.
The other means are the same as those in the conventional example and the first embodiment, and the description is omitted. As described above, the average value σ _{M (AV)} obtained from the variance value of MUSIC expresses the variation of the angle measurement accuracy corresponding to the change of s / n theoretically well. When it is clear that it is not the cause of the fluctuation, the value becomes meaningful in relation to the grade.

The above-described grade determination method employing the simple algorithm can cope with the fluctuation of the azimuth line due to the inferiority of s / n or the like when the external condition regarding the propagation of the radio wave is relatively stable. The change of the grade can be expressed relatively well, and can be matched with the sense of the grade felt by the operator from the change of the azimuth line on the display device 5. This method has a feature that when it satisfies the above conditions, the theoretical support is clear, so that it can be used as one standard of the grade.

Embodiment 4 FIG. FIG. 9 shows Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
In the diagram showing the internal configuration of the signal processing device 4, the grade processing unit 41 is composed of an azimuth standard deviation σ _SD calculating means 32 and σ _M (i) average value calculating means 35, and 36 is a switching means. The other means are the same as those in the conventional example and the first embodiment, and the description is omitted. The information which has been subjected to the clustering processing by the
0, azimuth information θi and variance σ for each cluster correspondence in units of 10 frames, for example.
Create a table of _M (i). The azimuth standard deviation calculating means 32 calculates a standard deviation σ _{SD of} θi. On the other hand, the average value calculating means 35 of σ _M (i) calculates, for example, the average value σ _{M (AV )} for each of the ten frames, and the switching means 36 determines whether to use σ _SD as grade information depending on the radio wave condition.
It is configured to use _{M (AV)} or to allow switching.

By adopting the grade determination method employing the above-described algorithm, σ _SD is generally suitable for displaying the grade of a radio wave which changes gradually with time, and σ _{M (AV)} is There is a theoretical basis for a grade change due to a change in signal s / n, etc. under a situation where the propagation environment is stable, and it has various features such as good correspondence, and it is used properly in each situation. Have the ability to do things. When the external conditions of propagation are good, it is also possible to calibrate the grade using σ _SD with the grade using σ _{M (AV),} and the feeling of the grade felt by the operator and the feeling of the grade based on theoretical grounds Can be confirmed by comparison of.

[0054]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the azimuth information obtained by the MUSIC processing is subjected to a clustering process for performing an attribute categorization relating to the direction of arrival, and a standard deviation is obtained from a plurality of azimuth data for each cluster. Since the grade is obtained from the value, it can respond to the occurrence, disappearance, and movement of the wave source, and the operator can change the direction of the radio wave due to fading etc. The sense of the grade that the user perceives and the grade determined by the radio device employing the algorithm of the grade according to the present invention can be matched well. In addition, by adopting the concept of the beam width of the antenna as the angular resolution D at the time of performing clustering, it becomes possible to perform appropriate attribute classification of the direction of arrival, and as a result, it is possible to more appropriately perform grade determination. Became.

According to the second aspect, the average angles θ _AV and σ _M are obtained from the θi column of the azimuth data corresponding to the cluster and the variance value σ _M ² (i) column which is the information from the variance value detecting means 26.
An average value σ _{M (AV)} of (i) is obtained, and θi corresponding to each cluster is obtained.
Is counted as an effective hit when satisfies Expression 19, and the hit rate is calculated from the ratio of the hit number to all the frequencies in the cluster. Even in the case of radio waves whose azimuth of radio waves changes gradually and gently, the sense of the grade felt by the operator from the display device displaying the azimuth line and the grade determined by the radio device employing the algorithm of the grade according to the present invention relatively well match. be able to.

Further, according to the third aspect, after the clustering process, σ _M (i) the average value calculating means
Average value σ for multiple frames from σ _M (i) for each correspondence
_{M (AV )} is calculated and used as base data for grade evaluation. The average value σ _{M (AV)} obtained from the variance value of MUSIC
Represents the variation of the angle measurement accuracy corresponding to the change in s / n theoretically well, and is meaningful in relation to the grade when it is clear that the external element of the radio wave propagation is not the cause of the azimuth change. Value. This method is a simple algorithm, and when the external conditions related to radio wave propagation are relatively stable, the change in grade corresponding to the fluctuation of the azimuth line due to deterioration of s / n etc. is expressed relatively well. It is possible to match the sense of the grade felt by the operator from the change of the azimuth line on the display device 5. This method has a feature that when it satisfies the above conditions, the theoretical support is clear, so that it can be used as one standard of the grade.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the azimuth information θi and the variance σ _M (i) are obtained for the clustered information in time series and for each cluster, and the standard deviation σi of θi is obtained.
Calculates an average value _SD and _{σ M (i) σ M (} AV), or as the grade information sigma _SD by a radio wave propagation state sigma _{M (AV)}
Or it can be switched.
Generally, σ _SD is suitable for radio wave grade display that changes gradually with time due to external conditions such as the ionosphere.
σ _{M (AV)} has each characteristic that there is a theoretical basis for the grade change due to the change of signal s / n, etc. under the condition that the propagation environment of the radio wave is stable, and that it responds well. It has a feature that can be used properly depending on the situation at that time. When the external conditions of propagation are good, it is also possible to calibrate the grade using σ _SD with the grade using σ _{M (AV),} and the feeling of the grade felt by the operator and the feeling of the grade based on theoretical grounds Can also be checked by comparing the data.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a first embodiment of a signal processing device according to the present invention;
FIG.

FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a clustering algorithm.

FIG. 3 is a diagram relating to a column table of orientation information θi and a standard deviation σ _{SD in the} order of frame time for each cluster correspondence.

FIG. 4 is a second embodiment of a signal processing device according to the present invention;
FIG.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the azimuth information θi column and σ _M (i) column in the frame time order for each cluster correspondence, and the average angle θ _AV and average value σ _{M (AV)} of each column.

FIG. 6 is a third embodiment of the signal processing device according to the present invention;
FIG.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an orientation information θi column, a σ _M (i) column, and an average value σ _{M (AV)} in the frame time order according to cluster correspondence.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the relationship between σ _SD and σ _{M (AV)} .

FIG. 9 is a fourth embodiment of the signal processing device according to the present invention;
FIG.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the azimuth information θi column and σ _M (i) column in the frame time order according to cluster correspondence, and their respective standard deviations σ _SD and average value σ _{M (AV)} .

FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating the overall configuration of a radio apparatus according to the related art and the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an internal configuration of a conventional signal processing device.

FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of a state of a change in an angle-to-azimuth evaluation function.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 receiving antenna, 2 receiver, 3 A / D converter, 4
Signal processor, 5 display device, 21 buffer memory,
22 correlation matrix R calculation means, 23 R eigenvalue / eigenvector calculation means, 24 azimuth evaluation function F (θ) calculation means, 25 peak detection means, 26 variance value detection means, 2
7 Grade judgment means, 31 Clustering means, 3
2 standard deviation calculating means, 33 hit rate calculating means, 34
Hit ratio / grade conversion means, 35 σ _M (i) average value calculation means, 36 switching means, 41 grade processing unit.

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. M (M is an integer of 2 or more) receivers,
Correlation matrix calculation means for calculating a correlation matrix for an M-channel received signal output from the receiver, eigenvalue and eigenvector calculation means for obtaining eigenvalues and eigenvectors of an output matrix of the correlation matrix calculation means, and eigenvalues and eigenvectors An azimuth evaluation function calculating means for obtaining an inner product of the eigenvector and the steering vector extracted by the calculating means, and using the reciprocal of the inner product as an azimuth evaluation function, and calculating an angle corresponding to a peak of a value calculated by the azimuth evaluation function to the incidence of the incoming wave. Peak detection means for outputting as an angle, clustering means for setting the angle resolution of a plurality of arrival directions corresponding to a certain frame time obtained by the peak detection means to perform the attribute classification of the arrival direction, and Standard deviation calculation to calculate the standard deviation from the arrival direction sequence for each cluster obtained Telecommunications apparatus for a stage, characterized by having a grade determination means for the conversion of the standard deviation and grade of this arrival direction. 2. A receiver comprising: M receivers; a correlation matrix calculator for calculating a correlation matrix for an M-channel received signal output from the receiver; eigenvalues and eigenvectors of an output matrix of the correlation matrix calculator; Eigenvalue and eigenvector calculation means for calculating the eigenvalue and eigenvector extracted by the eigenvector and eigenvector calculation means, and the azimuth evaluation function calculation means using the reciprocal of the inner product as the azimuth evaluation function. Peak detection means for outputting the angle corresponding to the peak of the value as the angle of incidence of the arriving wave, and variance value detection means for calculating the variance of the azimuth using the arrival azimuth and the eigenvalue, the eigenvector and the steering vector of the arrival azimuth, Class for performing attribute classification of a plurality of arrival directions corresponding to a certain frame time obtained by the peak detection means The average azimuth from the arrival direction sequence obtained as a result of the attribute classification of the azimuth and the azimuth from the variance value sequence are converted into a standard deviation sequence, and the average value of the standard deviation sequence is obtained. When 1 is satisfied A hit ratio calculating unit that counts as a valid hit and calculates a hit ratio from a ratio of the hit count to all frequencies in a certain attribute-classified cluster; and a hit ratio / grade converting unit that performs a hit ratio and a grade conversion. Radio equipment characterized by things. 3. M receivers, correlation matrix calculator for calculating a correlation matrix for an M-channel received signal output from the receiver, eigenvalues and eigenvectors of an output matrix of the correlation matrix calculator. Eigenvalue and eigenvector calculating means for obtaining the eigenvalue and eigenvector extracted by the eigenvector and eigenvector calculating means, an inner product of the steering vector is obtained, and the reciprocal of the inner product is used as an azimuth evaluation function. Peak detecting means for outputting an angle corresponding to the peak of the value to be detected as the azimuth of the arriving wave, and variance value detecting means for calculating the variance of the azimuth by using the azimuth of arrival and the eigenvalue, the eigenvector and the steering vector of the azimuth. And a plurality of incoming azimuth angles corresponding to a certain frame time obtained by the peak detecting means are angle-resolved. Clustering means to set the function and classify the attribute of the arrival azimuth angle, and convert each of the variance series obtained as a result of the attribute classification of the azimuth into a standard deviation sequence, and after calculating the average value of this standard deviation sequence, A radio wave device comprising a grade converting means for converting the average value and the grade of the standard deviation sequence. 4. M receivers, a correlation matrix calculator for calculating a correlation matrix for an M-channel received signal output from the receiver, eigenvalues and eigenvectors of an output matrix of the correlation matrix calculator. Eigenvalue and eigenvector calculating means for obtaining the eigenvalue and eigenvector extracted by the eigenvector and eigenvector calculating means, and calculating the azimuth evaluation function using the reciprocal of the inner product as the azimuth evaluation function. Peak detection means for outputting an angle corresponding to the peak of the value to be obtained as an arrival azimuth, and variance value detection means for calculating the variance of the azimuth using the arrival azimuth and the eigenvalue, the eigenvector and the steering vector of the arrival azimuth. Angular resolution of a plurality of arrival azimuths corresponding to a certain frame time obtained by the peak detection means Clustering means for setting the direction of arrival, and classifying the attribute of the direction of arrival, standard deviation calculating means for calculating the standard deviation from the sequence of arrival directions obtained as a result of the classification of the direction of direction, and standardizing each from the sequence of variance values. A radio wave device comprising: an average value calculating means for converting an average value of the standard deviation string into a deviation string; a switching means; and a grade judging means. 5. The angular resolution is determined by the size of the array antenna,
From the wavelength and the efficiency coefficient, Equation 2 The radio wave device according to claim 1, wherein 6. A method of setting an angle of a cluster center, in which the observation data of the latest azimuth is determined to have the highest azimuth reliability, and a clustering means that uses the azimuth of the latest data as the cluster center angle of the next frame time. The radio wave device according to claim 1, further comprising: 7. When a plurality of observation data of the latest azimuths exist in the same cluster at the same frame time, a clustering means for setting the center angle of the cluster at the next frame time as an average value of the plurality of latest azimuths is provided. The radio wave device according to claim 1.