JPH11240463A - Impact absorbing system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable the impact absorbing means to absorb the impact energy when an impacted body turns around a supporting shaft under impact load, and reduce the size of the impact absorbing means. SOLUTION: An impacted body is turnably supported by a rigid body 11 via a supporting shaft 22, then fixed to the rigid body 11 at a predetermined angle by a bolt 24 or a caulking pin. An impact absorbing means 20 is disposed between the rigid body 11 and the supporting shaft 22. When the impacted body 13 is under an impact load, the bolt 24 or caulking pin is sheared, then the impacted body 13 rotates together with the supporting shaft 22 as the rotation center thereof. Also, this figure is configured so that the impact absorbing means 20 serves as a resistance against rotation of the supporting shaft 22.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a device for absorbing impact energy due to a vehicle collision or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as this kind of impact absorbing device, a truck having an energy absorbing member provided between a cab disposed on a chassis frame and the chassis frame has been disclosed (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-230724). ). On this track,
The front end of the energy absorbing member is opposed to the rear side of the tilt hinge member at a predetermined interval, and the rear end of the energy absorbing member is fixed to a stopper bracket fixed to the chassis frame. The cab is tiltably supported on the chassis frame by the tilt hinge member. In the truck configured as described above, the entire cab moves rearward relative to the chassis frame when the truck collides. By causing the energy absorbing member to collide with the tilt hinge member along with this movement, the impact energy acting on the cab can be effectively absorbed, so that the crush amount of the cab in the collision can be reduced.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION However, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 8-2
In the truck disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 30724, the energy absorbing member absorbs the impact energy when the cab moves linearly under the impact load, that is, the energy absorbing member deforms linearly to absorb the impact energy. However, there has been a problem that the size of the energy absorbing member is increased, and a large space for mounting the energy absorbing member and the stopper bracket must be secured. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a shock absorbing device in which a shock absorbing means can absorb the shock energy when an impacted body rotates around a support shaft under a shock load, and can reduce the size of the shock absorbing means. It is in. It is another object of the present invention to provide an impact absorbing device that can prevent deformation and breakage of a rigid chassis frame and reduce truck repair time and repair costs.

[0004]

The invention according to claim 1 is
As shown in FIGS. 1, 5 and 7, an impacted body 13 pivotally supported by the rigid body 11 via a support shaft 22 and fixed to the rigid body 11 at a predetermined angle by a bolt 24 or a caulking pin; Absorbing means 20 provided between the shaft 22 and the support shaft 22
A bolt 24 or a caulking pin shears when the impacted body 13 receives an impact load, and the impacted body 13 rotates with the support shaft 22 around the support shaft 22; It is characterized in that the shock absorbing means 20 is configured to provide resistance to rotation of the support shaft 22. In the shock absorbing device according to the first aspect, when the impacted body 13 receives an impact load, the impacted body 13 tends to move relative to the rigid body 11. The bolt 24 or the caulking pin attached to the shaft 13 is sheared, and the impacted body 13 starts to rotate about the support shaft 22. At this time, since the shock absorbing means 20 acts as a resistance to the rotation of the support shaft 22, the shock energy generated by the shock load is transferred to the bolt 24.
Can be efficiently absorbed by the rotational resistance of the shearing and shock absorbing means 20.

The invention according to claim 2 is the invention according to claim 1, and further includes a rigid body 11 as shown in FIGS.
Is a chassis frame of the truck 10,
Is a cab. In the shock absorbing device according to the second aspect, when the cab 13 receives an impact load, the cab 13 tends to move relative to the chassis frame 11, so that the cab 13 is attached to the chassis frame 11. The bolt 24 or the caulking pin is sheared, and the cab 13 starts rotating around the support shaft 22. At this time, the shock absorbing means 20 provides resistance to the rotation of the support shaft 22, so that the shock energy generated by the shock load can be efficiently absorbed by the shearing of the bolts 24 and the like and the rotational resistance of the shock absorbing means 20. If all of the impact energy can be absorbed by the shearing of the bolt 24 and the rotational resistance of the impact absorbing means 20, the chassis frame 11 will not be deformed or damaged.

[0006]

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 7, the chassis frame 11 of the cab-over type truck 10 includes a pair of side members 12 having a channel shape in cross section and extending in the traveling direction of the truck 10. A cab 13 is provided. The cab 13 includes a cab body 15 and a floor panel 14 of the cab body 15.
A pair of floor members 16 are provided on the lower surface of the vehicle 10 in the traveling direction of the truck 10 and provided opposite to the pair of side members 12. Since the pair of side members 12 and the pair of floor members 16 are bilaterally symmetric, the left side member 12 and the like will be described below, and the description of the right side member and the like will be omitted.

A receiving member 19 is fixed to the lower surface near the front end of the floor member 16 (FIG. 7), and the upper end of the bracket 17 is connected to the receiving member 19 via a connecting pin 21 (FIGS. 1 and 7). Further, the lower end of the bracket 17 is attached to a side surface near the front end of the side member 12 (FIGS. 1 to 3 and 7). Receiver 19, connecting pin 21 and bracket 1
7 is a component of the cab 13. The front end of the cab body 15 is rotatably held by the connection pin 21, that is, the cab body 15 is configured to be tiltable up around the connection pin 21 (FIGS. 1 and 7).

The lower end of the bracket 17 is pivotally supported by the side member 12 via a support shaft 22 (FIGS. 1 and 2). The first through hole 1 through which the support shaft 22 can be inserted is provided at the lower end of the bracket 17.
7a (FIG. 2) is formed, and a second through hole 12a (FIG. 2) through which the support shaft 22 can be loosely inserted is formed on the side surface of the side member 12. A boss 2 is provided on one surface of the lower end of the bracket 17.
The third boss 23 has a third through hole 23a (FIG. 2) through which the support shaft 22 can be inserted. On the inner peripheral surfaces of the first and third through holes 17a and 23a, a large number of fine mountain-shaped internal teeth are formed at equal intervals, and on the outer peripheral surface of the support shaft 22, the first and third through holes 17a and 23a are formed. A large number of external teeth that can mesh with a large number of internal teeth are formed. The support shaft 22 is configured to be rotatable with respect to the side member 12, and the bracket 17 is
And the boss 23 is serrated, that is, the bracket 17 is not rotatable with respect to the support shaft 22 and the boss 23. The lower end of the bracket 17 is fixed to the outer surface of the side member 12 with four bolts 24 and four nuts 25 in a state where the bracket 17 is oriented at a predetermined angle, in this embodiment, the bracket 17 is vertically upward. (FIGS. 1, 3, 5, and 6).

On the other hand, an impact absorbing means 20 is provided between the side member 12 and the support shaft 22. This shock absorbing means 20 is connected to a lever 26 having an upper end connected to a support shaft 22 (FIG. 1).
3 to 3) and a shock absorbing member 27 (FIGS. 1 to 3, 5 and 6) attached to the side member 12 so as to be located in the side member 12. A fourth through-hole 26a (FIG. 2) through which the support shaft 22 can be inserted is formed at the upper end of the lever 26, and the inner peripheral surface of the fourth through-hole 26a can mesh with many external teeth of the support shaft 22. Numerous internal teeth are formed. The lever 26 is serrated and connected to the support shaft 22, that is, the lever 26 is not rotatable with respect to the support shaft 22. In this embodiment, the support shaft 22 extends in the horizontal direction and the lever 26 extends vertically downward, that is, the lever 26
Are connected to the support shaft 22 so as to be orthogonal to (FIGS. 1 and 2).

The shock absorbing member 27 includes a pair of plates 28,
It is attached to the side member 12 by four bolts 31 and four nuts 32 while being sandwiched by 29 (FIGS. 1 and 4 to 6). The upper rear bolt 31 among these bolts 31 is a countersunk bolt, and the other three bolts 31 are hexagonal bolts. The pair of plates 28 and 29 are each formed in a substantially square shape (FIG. 1), and the four bolts 31 are provided with four collars so as to separate the pair of plates 28 and 29 from each other by the thickness of the shock absorbing member 27. 33 (FIGS. 4 to 6) are respectively fitted. Fifth and sixth through holes 28a, 29a (FIG. 2) through which the support shaft 22 is rotatably inserted above the pair of plates 28, 29.
Are respectively formed, and the lever 26 is connected to the pair of plates 2.
The fourth through hole 26a is located between the support shafts 22 and
(FIG. 2). Reference numeral 30 in FIGS. 2 to 6 denotes a boss fixed to the plate 28. The boss 30 has a seventh through hole 30a through which the support shaft 22 is rotatably inserted.

The shock absorbing member 27 is made of a soft metal, hard rubber, or the like, and is formed in an arc shape centering on the support shaft 22 and having a radius of curvature substantially equal to the length of the support shaft 22 (FIG. 1). Is a slit 2 on a surface along the rotation locus of the lever 26 when the lever 26 rotates about the support shaft 22.
7a is formed (FIGS. 3, 5 and 6). In this embodiment, since the rotation trajectory of the lever 26 when the support shaft 22 rotates appears between the pair of plates 28 and 29 on a vertical plane parallel to the plates 28 and 29, the slit 27a is It is formed on a vertical plane parallel to the plates 28 and 29. As the soft metal forming the shock absorbing member 27, it is preferable to use copper, lead, or the like. Also lever 2
The front surface of the lower end of 6 is configured to face the rear surface of the shock absorbing member 27 (FIGS. 1 and 5). A surface of the lower end of the lever 26 facing the rear surface of the shock absorbing member 27 is formed in a wedge shape protruding toward the shock absorbing member 27, and a rear surface of the shock absorbing member 27, that is, a surface of the lower end of the lever 26 facing the front surface. Is formed with a concave portion 27b for guiding the lower end of the lever 26 to enter the slit 27a (FIGS. 5 and 6). Reference numerals 34 and 35 in FIGS. 2, 3, 5, and 6 denote C-shaft retaining rings fitted to both ends of the support shaft 22 to prevent the support shaft 22 from coming off.

A rear arch 36 is provided on a portion of the pair of side members 12 facing the rear end of the cab body 15, and a pair of floor members 16 is provided on the rear arch 36 via a cushion member 37 formed of rubber or the like. (FIG. 7). A cab lock device 38 is provided between the rear arch 36 and the back of the cab body 15. When the lock device 38 is locked, the cab body 15 cannot be tilted up, and when the lock device 38 is released, the cab body 15 can be tilted up.

In the shock absorbing device configured as described above,
When the truck 10 collides with the rear end of the bed of another truck (not shown) and the front surface of the cab body 15 of the truck 10 receives an impact load F (FIGS. 1 and 7), the receiving member 19 is moved to the cab body 15 and the floor. Since the member 16 and the side member 12 of the chassis frame 11 are to be moved rearward relative to the side member 12, the four bolts 24 attaching the lower end of the bracket 17 to the side member 12 are sheared, and the bracket 17 is supported. It starts to rotate backward (in the direction indicated by the dashed-dotted arrow in FIG. 1) about the shaft 22. At this time, the lever 26
Of the lever 26 enters the concave portion 27b on the rear surface of the shock absorbing member 27, and the lower end of the lever 26 is guided by the concave portion 27b and starts to enter the slit 27a. The lower end of the lever 26 is provided on both sides of the shock absorbing member 2 divided by a slit 27a.
The slits 27a continue to enter while pushing and deforming 7, 27 (FIG. 6). As a result, the impact energy generated when the front surface of the cab 13 receives the impact load F can be efficiently absorbed by the shearing of the bolt 24 and the deformation of the impact absorbing member 27 by the lever 26.

The hardness of the shock absorbing member 27, the slit 2
By changing the width of 7a and the shape of the lower end of the lever 26, the torque, the rotation angle, and the like of the bracket 17 when the shock absorbing member 27 absorbs the shock energy can be easily changed. Further, if all of the impact energy can be absorbed by shearing the bolt 24 and deformation of the impact absorbing member 27 by the lever 26,
The side member 12 is not deformed or damaged. Therefore, since it is not necessary to replace the chassis frame 11 which is provided over the entire length of the truck 10 and requires a lot of repair time, the repair time and the repair cost can be reduced.

In the above embodiment, the lower end of the bracket is fixed to the side surface of the side member with a bolt.
The lower end of the bracket may be fixed to the side surface of the side member by a caulking pin. Further, in the above-described embodiment, the upper end of the bracket and the receiver are connected by the connection pin.
The upper end of the bracket and the receiving member may be connected by a cab floating mechanism, that is, a mechanism having a link mechanism such as a link lever and an air spring or a coil spring. Also,
In the above embodiment, the spindle, the bracket, and the boss are serrated and the spindle and the lever are serrated, but the spindle, the bracket, and the boss are spline-coupled, and the spindle and the lever are spline-coupled. You may. Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the lower end of the lever, which faces the rear surface of the shock absorbing member, is formed in a wedge shape protruding toward the shock absorbing member. However, the lower end of the lever is formed in a cylindrical or triangular prism shape. You may.

[0016]

As described above, according to the present invention, the impacted object is pivotally supported on the rigid body through the support shaft and fixed at a predetermined angle to the rigid body by bolts or the like, so that the rigid body and the support shaft are connected to each other. Since the shock absorbing means is provided in between, when the impacted body receives an impact load,
The impacted body tries to move relative to the rigid body, the bolts and the like are sheared, and the impacted body starts rotating around the support shaft. At this time, the impact absorbing means provides resistance to rotation of the support shaft, so that the impact energy generated by the impact load can be efficiently absorbed by the shearing of the bolt and the rotational resistance of the impact absorbing means. Also, compared with a conventional truck in which the energy absorbing member is deformed linearly and absorbs the impact energy, the impact absorbing means can be downsized in the present invention, as compared with a conventional truck in which the energy absorbing member becomes large. I'm done.

If the rigid body is a chassis frame of a truck and the impacted body is a cab, the cab tends to move relative to the chassis frame when the cab receives an impact load. The cab starts to rotate around the support shaft due to shearing of the bolts and the like. At this time, the impact absorbing means provides resistance to rotation of the support shaft, so that the impact energy generated by the impact load can be efficiently absorbed by the shearing of the bolt and the rotational resistance of the impact absorbing means. Furthermore, if all of the above-mentioned impact energy can be absorbed by the shearing of the bolts and the rotational resistance of the impact absorbing means, the chassis frame will not be deformed or broken, so that it is provided over the entire length of the truck and requires a lot of repair time. It is not necessary to replace the chassis frame, and the repair time and cost can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1A shows a shock absorbing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Part enlarged sectional view.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line CC of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line DD of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line EE of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a sectional view corresponding to FIG. 5, showing a state in which the lever has entered a slit of the shock absorbing member.

FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of a cab of a truck on which the shock absorbing device is mounted.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 11 Chassis frame (rigid body) 13 Cab (impacted body) 20 Shock absorbing means 22 Support shaft 24 Bolt

Claims (2)

[Claims] An impacted body (13) pivotally supported by a rigid body (11) via a support shaft (22) and fixed to said rigid body (11) at a predetermined angle by bolts (24) or caulking pins. An impact absorbing device comprising impact absorbing means (20) provided between the rigid body (11) and the support shaft (22), wherein the impacted body (13) has received an impact load. Sometimes said bolt
(24) or the caulking pin is sheared so that the impacted body (13) rotates around the support shaft (22) together with the support shaft (22), and the shock absorbing means (20) rotates the support shaft ( 22. A shock absorbing device characterized in that it is configured to have a resistance to rotation of 22). 2. The shock absorbing device according to claim 1, wherein the rigid body (11) is a chassis frame of the truck (10), and the impacted body (13) is a cab.