JPH11239351A - Moving image coding method, decoding method, encoding device, decoding device and recording medium storing moving image coding and decoding program - Google Patents

Moving image coding method, decoding method, encoding device, decoding device and recording medium storing moving image coding and decoding program

Info

Publication number
JPH11239351A
JPH11239351A JP4015698A JP4015698A JPH11239351A JP H11239351 A JPH11239351 A JP H11239351A JP 4015698 A JP4015698 A JP 4015698A JP 4015698 A JP4015698 A JP 4015698A JP H11239351 A JPH11239351 A JP H11239351A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
image
frame number
prediction
linear sum
ratio
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP4015698A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Koichi Kokado
康一 古角
Kazuto Kamikura
一人 上倉
Yutaka Watanabe
裕 渡辺
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corp
Original Assignee
Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corp filed Critical Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corp
Priority to JP4015698A priority Critical patent/JPH11239351A/en
Publication of JPH11239351A publication Critical patent/JPH11239351A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To generate a predictive image with high prediction efficiency in a moving image coding and decoding method. SOLUTION: A frame number/coding image memory 5 stores a coding reference image to which a reference number is given. A coding prediction image generating section 3 gives a plurality of reference frame numbers 6 to the memory 5 to obtain a plurality of corresponding reference image data 7 and mixes them at a proper ratio to be a linear sum to produce a predicted image 4. The predicted image 4 is outputted, and a selected reference frame number 9 and a ratio 10 for a linear sum are outputted respectively to a coding reference frame number acquisition section 13 and a coding linear sum ratio acquisition section 14. The reference frame number 9 and the ratio 10 for the linear sum are coded and outputted as a reference frame number 15 and a linear sum ratio data 16.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【0001】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は動画像をフレーム間
予測を用いて符号化する動画像符号化方法および復号方
法に関する。
[0001] 1. Field of the Invention [0002] The present invention relates to a moving picture coding method and a decoding method for coding a moving picture using inter-frame prediction.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】従来の方法として特願平9−18725
がある、この技術では、予測効率のよい任意の複数の画
像の線形和で予測が行われていた。例えば図4の第3フ
レームは、第1フレームと第4フレームとの線形和で混
合した画像で予測を行うことが可能であり、第6フレー
ムも同様に第4、第7フレームとの線形和で混合した画
像で予測を行うことが可能である。しかしながら、従来
の方法では予測を行う際の複数の画像の線形和の比率は
予め決定されている。これは、フレーム間の距離などで
線形和の比率を決定しているので、第3フレームを第
1、第4フレームを用いて線形和の比率がa:bになる
ように予測を行えば、第6フレームも同様に第4、第7
フレームを用いると、線形和の比率がa:bになるよう
に予測される。
2. Description of the Related Art A conventional method is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. Hei 9-18725.
According to this technique, prediction is performed using a linear sum of arbitrary plural images having high prediction efficiency. For example, for the third frame in FIG. 4, it is possible to perform prediction using an image mixed with the linear sum of the first and fourth frames, and the sixth frame is similarly subjected to the linear sum with the fourth and seventh frames. It is possible to make predictions using the mixed image. However, in the conventional method, the ratio of the linear sum of a plurality of images when performing prediction is determined in advance. This is because the ratio of the linear sum is determined based on the distance between frames and the like, so if the third frame is predicted using the first and fourth frames so that the ratio of the linear sum is a: b, The sixth frame is likewise the fourth and seventh frames.
When a frame is used, the ratio of the linear sum is predicted to be a: b.

【0003】したがって、アニメーション映像などでよ
く見られる。複数のフレーム画像を重ね合わせて中間フ
レームを補間するフレームMIX処理が行われている動
画像は、線形和の比率が距離とは関係なく定まっていた
り、比率が様々に変化するので、従来の予測方法でフレ
ームMIX処理が行われている動画像を予測する場合、
予測効率が低下してしまう。
[0003] Therefore, it is often seen in animation images and the like. In a moving image on which a frame MIX process in which an intermediate frame is interpolated by superimposing a plurality of frame images is performed, the ratio of the linear sum is determined irrespective of the distance or the ratio changes variously. When predicting a moving image on which frame MIX processing is performed by the method,
The prediction efficiency decreases.

【0004】[0004]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】フレームMIX処理が
行われている動画像は、線形和の比率が距離とは関係な
く定まっていたり、線形和の比率が様々に変化している
ので、従来の予測方法では、予測効率が低下する問題が
あった。
In a moving image on which frame MIX processing is performed, the ratio of the linear sum is determined irrespective of the distance, or the ratio of the linear sum changes in various ways. The prediction method has a problem that the prediction efficiency is reduced.

【0005】本発明の目的は、上記の問題点を解決し、
従来よりも予測効率のよい動画像符号化方法、動画像復
号化方法、符号化器および復号器を提供することにあ
る。
An object of the present invention is to solve the above problems,
An object of the present invention is to provide a moving picture coding method, a moving picture decoding method, an encoder, and a decoder with higher prediction efficiency than before.

【0006】[0006]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は上記課題を解決
するために、符号化済みの画像データにフレーム番号を
付与しておき、これから符号化しようとする画像に対し
て、複数の任意の符号化済みの画像の線形和を用いて予
測を行う共に、予測に用いた符号済みの画像のフレーム
番号および線形和のための比率も符号化する。
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention assigns a frame number to encoded image data, and assigns a plurality of arbitrary numbers to an image to be encoded. The prediction is performed using the linear sum of the encoded images, and the frame number of the encoded image used for the prediction and the ratio for the linear sum are also encoded.

【0007】また、本発明の動画像復号方法は、これか
ら復号しようとする画像に対して予測に用いられた画像
のフレーム番号および線形和のために比率を知ることに
より、予測を行う。
In the moving picture decoding method according to the present invention, prediction is performed by knowing a frame number of an image used for prediction and a ratio for a linear sum with respect to an image to be decoded.

【0008】本発明の符号化器は、参照フレーム番号が
付与された、符号化された参照画像を記憶しているフレ
ーム番号・符号化画像メモリと、参照フレーム番号を前
記フレーム番号・符号化画像メモリに引き渡し、対応す
る前記参照画像を得、その中から予測効果の最もよい予
測画像を生成し、または画像全体の任意の大きさおよび
形状の部分に区切り、その部分毎に参照画像データと参
照フレーム番号を決定して予測画像を生成し、さらに前
記参照フレーム番号と線形和のための比率を出力する符
号化用予測画像生成手段と、前記参照フレーム番号およ
び線形和のための比率をそれぞれ符号化し、参照フレー
ム番号データおよび線形和比率データとして出力する符
号化参照フレーム番号取得手段および符号化用線形和比
率取得手段を有する。
An encoder according to the present invention comprises a frame number / encoded image memory storing an encoded reference image to which a reference frame number is assigned, and a reference frame number stored in the frame number / encoded image memory. Hand over to the memory, obtain the corresponding reference image, generate a prediction image having the best prediction effect from the reference image, or divide the entire image into portions of an arbitrary size and shape, and refer to the reference image data and reference for each portion. A prediction image generating means for determining a frame number to generate a predicted image, and further outputting a ratio for the reference frame number and a linear sum, and encoding the reference frame number and a ratio for the linear sum, respectively. Coded reference frame number acquiring means and encoding linear sum ratio acquiring means for outputting as reference frame number data and linear sum ratio data .

【0009】また、本発明の復号器は、前記符号化器中
のフレーム番号・符号化画像メモリと同じ、参照フレー
ム番号が付与された参照画像を記憶しているフレーム番
号・符号化画像メモリと、前記参照フレーム番号データ
および線形和比率データから、参照フレーム番号および
線形和のための比率を出力する復号用参照フレーム番号
取得手段および復号用線形和比率取得手段と、該参照フ
レーム番号を前記フレーム番号・符号化画像メモリに引
き渡し、対応する参照画像を受け取り、前記符号化用予
測画像生成手段と同様にして予測画像を生成し、出力す
る復号用予測画像生成手段を有する。
Further, the decoder according to the present invention includes a frame number / encoded image memory storing a reference image to which a reference frame number is assigned, which is the same as the frame number / encoded image memory in the encoder. A decoding reference frame number obtaining means and a decoding linear sum ratio obtaining means for outputting a reference frame number and a ratio for a linear sum from the reference frame number data and the linear sum ratio data; It has a decoding predicted image generation unit that delivers the reference image to the number / coded image memory, receives the corresponding reference image, generates a predicted image in the same manner as the coding predicted image generation unit, and outputs the predicted image.

【0010】フレーム間予測時に参照するフレーム番号
および線形和のための比率を符号化データに埋め込むこ
とにより、線形和のための比率がフレーム間の距離とは
無関係に定まっていたり、様々に変化する場合でも予測
効率のよい予測画像を生成することが可能である。
[0010] By embedding a frame number and a ratio for a linear sum to be referred to at the time of inter-frame prediction in encoded data, the ratio for the linear sum is determined irrespective of the distance between frames or changes variously. Even in this case, it is possible to generate a predicted image with high prediction efficiency.

【0011】[0011]

【発明の実施の形態】次に、本発明の実施の形態につい
て図面を参照して説明する。
Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

【0012】図1(1),(2)それぞれは本発明の一
実施形態の符号器と復号器のブロック図である。
FIGS. 1A and 1B are block diagrams of an encoder and a decoder according to an embodiment of the present invention.

【0013】符号化器は予測処理部2と符号化用予測画
像生成部3とフレーム番号・符号化画像メモリ5と符号
化用参照フレーム番号取得部13と符号化用線形和比率
取得部14と予測誤差符号化部11と多重化処理部17
で構成されている。
The encoder includes a prediction processing unit 2, a predicted image generation unit 3 for encoding, a frame number / coded image memory 5, a reference frame number acquisition unit 13 for encoding, and a linear sum ratio acquisition unit 14 for encoding. Prediction error encoding unit 11 and multiplex processing unit 17
It is composed of

【0014】復号器は分離処理部21と予測誤差復号部
25と復号用参照フレーム番号取得部27と復号用線形
和比率取得部28と予測画像加算処理部31と復号用予
測画像生成部32とフレーム番号・符号化画像メモリ3
4で構成されている。
The decoder includes a separation processing section 21, a prediction error decoding section 25, a decoding reference frame number obtaining section 27, a decoding linear sum ratio obtaining section 28, a predicted image addition processing section 31, a decoding predicted image generating section 32, Frame number / encoded image memory 3
4.

【0015】フレーム番号・符号化画像メモリ5には参
照フレーム番号が付与された、符号化された参照画像が
記憶され、フレーム番号・符号化画像メモリ34には参
照フレーム番号が付与され、フレーム番号・符号化画像
メモリ5に記憶されている参照画像と同じ参照画像が記
憶されている。
A frame number / encoded image memory 5 stores an encoded reference image to which a reference frame number is assigned, and a frame number / encoded image memory 34 is assigned a reference frame number. The same reference image as the reference image stored in the coded image memory 5 is stored.

【0016】次に、本実施形態の動作を図2(1),
(2)を参照して説明する。
Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
This will be described with reference to (2).

【0017】入力画像1は予測処理部2に入力され(ス
テップ41)、予測画像4と比較されて予測誤差画像8
が出力される。符号化用予測画像生成部3は、フレーム
番号・符号化画像メモリ5に複数の参照フレーム番号6
を引き渡し、それに対応した複数の参照画像データ7を
得る(ステップ42)。符号化用予測画像生成部3で
は、複数の参照画像データ7を適切な比率で線形和に混
合して予測画像4を生成する(ステップ43)。この
時、予測画像として参照するフレームをこれから符号化
するフレームから[−N,+M]フレームの範囲に制限
することにより、予測に必要な画像を記憶しておくフレ
ーム数をN+M+1フレームに制限することも可能であ
る。この制限がない場合には、過去に符号化した画像を
すべて蓄えておく必要がある。
The input image 1 is input to the prediction processing unit 2 (step 41), and is compared with the prediction image 4 to obtain a prediction error image 8
Is output. The encoding predicted image generation unit 3 stores a plurality of reference frame numbers 6 in the frame number / coded image memory 5.
And a plurality of pieces of reference image data 7 corresponding thereto are obtained (step 42). The encoding predicted image generation unit 3 generates a predicted image 4 by mixing a plurality of reference image data 7 into a linear sum at an appropriate ratio (step 43). At this time, the number of frames for storing images required for prediction is limited to N + M + 1 frames by limiting the frame to be referred to as a predicted image to the range of the frame to be encoded from the frame to be encoded to [−N, + M] Is also possible. If there is no such restriction, it is necessary to store all previously encoded images.

【0018】また、動画像が現行のテレビジョン信号の
ようなインタレース信号で、1フレームの画像が飛び越
し操作により2フィールドの画像から成り立っている場
合に、参照フレーム番号をフレームだけでなくフィール
ドの識別子を用いて、フィールド単位につけることによ
り、フィールド単位の予測も可能となる。
When a moving image is an interlaced signal such as a current television signal and one frame of image is composed of two fields of images by a skip operation, a reference frame number is used for not only a frame but also a field. By using the identifier for each field, prediction on a field basis is also possible.

【0019】例えば図3で示すように、第3のフレーム
の予測には、第1、第4フレームを用いて、線形和の比
率がa:bになるような予測画像を生成し、第6フレー
ムの予測には、第4、第7フレームを用いて、線形和の
比率がa’:b’となるように予測画像を生成すること
ができる。以上のような符号化対象に対して相対的に同
じ位置にある複数の画像を予測に用いる場合でも、異な
る比率で混合することができる。
For example, as shown in FIG. 3, in the prediction of the third frame, a predicted image in which the ratio of the linear sum is a: b is generated using the first and fourth frames, and the sixth frame is predicted. For predicting a frame, a predicted image can be generated using the fourth and seventh frames so that the ratio of the linear sum is a ′: b ′. Even when a plurality of images located at the same position relative to the encoding target as described above are used for prediction, they can be mixed at different ratios.

【0020】あるいは符号化用予測画像生成部3では、
画像全体を任意の大きさおよび形状の部分に区切り、そ
の部分毎に予測に用いる複数の参照画像データと参照フ
レーム番号およびそれらの線形和のための比率を決定し
てもよい。符号化用予測画像生成部3からは予測画像4
の他に、選択された参照フレーム番号9と線形和のため
の比率10がそれぞれ、符号化用参照フレーム番号取得
部13と符号化用線形和比率取得部14に出力される。
予測画像4は予測処理部2において入力画像を1と比較
され、予測誤差画像8が生成、出力される(ステップ4
4)。符号化用参照フレーム番号取得部13と符号化用
線形和比率取得部14は、参照フレーム番号9と線形和
のための比率10をそれぞれ符号化し、参照フレーム番
号データ15と線形和比率データ16として出力する
(ステップ46)。予測誤差画像8は予測誤差符号化部
11において符号化され、符号化データ12として出力
される(ステップ45)。このとき、予測誤差がない場
合は、符号化データ12は出力しない。符号化データ1
2と参照フレーム番号データ15および線形和比率デー
タ16は多重化処理部17において多重化され、多重化
符号化データ18として符号化器より出力される(ステ
ップ49)。なお、ステップ43〜46は実際に並列し
て行われる。
Alternatively, the encoding predicted image generating unit 3
The entire image may be divided into portions having an arbitrary size and shape, and a plurality of reference image data and reference frame numbers used for prediction and a ratio for their linear sum may be determined for each portion. A predicted image 4 is output from the predicted image generation unit 3 for encoding.
In addition, the selected reference frame number 9 and the ratio 10 for the linear sum are output to the encoding reference frame number acquisition unit 13 and the encoding linear sum ratio acquisition unit 14, respectively.
The predicted image 4 is compared with the input image 1 in the prediction processing unit 2, and a predicted error image 8 is generated and output (step 4).
4). The encoding reference frame number acquiring unit 13 and the encoding linear sum ratio acquiring unit 14 encode the reference frame number 9 and the ratio 10 for the linear sum, respectively, to obtain reference frame number data 15 and linear sum ratio data 16. Output (Step 46). The prediction error image 8 is encoded by the prediction error encoding unit 11 and output as encoded data 12 (step 45). At this time, if there is no prediction error, the encoded data 12 is not output. Encoded data 1
2 and the reference frame number data 15 and the linear sum ratio data 16 are multiplexed in the multiplexing processing unit 17 and output from the encoder as multiplexed coded data 18 (step 49). Steps 43 to 46 are actually performed in parallel.

【0021】復号器では、入力された多重化符号化デー
タ18が分離処理部21において、符号化データ22と
参照フレーム番号データ23および線形和比率データ2
4に分離される(ステップ51,52)。符号化データ
22は予測誤差復号部25において、復号され予測誤差
画像26に変換される(ステップ53)。このとき、符
号化データ22が入力されていないときは、予測誤差画
像26は生成しない。参照フレーム番号データ23およ
び線形和比率データ24はそれぞれ復号用参照フレーム
番号取得部27と復号用線形和比率取得部28に入力さ
れ、各々復号されて、参照フレーム番号29と線形和の
ための比率30が出力される(ステップ53)。参照フ
レーム番号29と線形和のための比率30は、復号用予
測画像生成部32に入力され、画像中の区分毎に参照フ
レーム番号35をフレーム番号・符号化画像メモリ34
に対して指定し、参照画像データ36を受け取る。復号
用予測画像生成部32では符号化用予測画像生成部3と
同様にして予測画像33が生成され、予測画像加算処理
部31に出力される(ステップ54)。予測画像加算処
理部31では、予測誤差画像26に予測画像33が加算
され、復号画像37が出力される(ステップ55)。予
測誤差画像26が生成されていないときは、予測画像3
3を出力する。
In the decoder, the input multiplexed coded data 18 is separated by a separation processing section 21 into coded data 22, reference frame number data 23 and linear sum ratio data 2.
4 (steps 51 and 52). The coded data 22 is decoded by the prediction error decoding unit 25 and converted into a prediction error image 26 (step 53). At this time, when the encoded data 22 is not input, the prediction error image 26 is not generated. The reference frame number data 23 and the linear sum ratio data 24 are input to a decoding reference frame number obtaining unit 27 and a decoding linear sum ratio obtaining unit 28, respectively, and are decoded, respectively, to obtain the reference frame number 29 and the ratio for the linear sum. 30 is output (step 53). The reference frame number 29 and the ratio 30 for the linear sum are input to the decoding predicted image generation unit 32, and the reference frame number 35 is stored in the frame number / coded image memory 34 for each section in the image.
, And the reference image data 36 is received. The decoding predicted image generating unit 32 generates the predicted image 33 in the same manner as the encoding predicted image generating unit 3, and outputs the generated predicted image 33 to the predicted image addition processing unit 31 (step 54). In the predicted image addition processing unit 31, the predicted image 33 is added to the predicted error image 26, and the decoded image 37 is output (step 55). When the prediction error image 26 is not generated, the prediction image 3
3 is output.

【0022】また、フレーム内挿のように元々予測誤差
を送らず、前後の画像フレームから中間フレームを補間
する処理の場合は、本実施形態において符号化用参照フ
レーム番号取得部13および符号化用線形和比率取得部
14、復号用参照フレーム番号取得部27、復号用線形
和比率取得部28、復号用予測画像生成部32、フレー
ム番号・符号化画像メモリ34のみがあればよい。すな
わち補間画像を生成するための複数の参照フレーム番号
と、それらを線形和にするための比率を決定し、その情
報を符号化用参照フレーム番号取得部13と符号化用線
形和比率取得部14とで符号化する。復号用予測画像生
成部32では、その情報を用いてフレーム番号・符号化
画像メモリ34の参照画像から補間画像を生成し、出力
すればよい。
In the case of a process of interpolating an intermediate frame from the preceding and succeeding image frames without sending a prediction error as in the case of frame interpolation, the encoding reference frame number obtaining unit 13 and the encoding Only the linear sum ratio obtaining unit 14, the decoding reference frame number obtaining unit 27, the decoding linear sum ratio obtaining unit 28, the decoding predicted image generation unit 32, and the frame number / coded image memory 34 are required. That is, a plurality of reference frame numbers for generating an interpolated image and a ratio for making a linear sum thereof are determined, and the information is used as an encoding reference frame number acquisition unit 13 and an encoding linear sum ratio acquisition unit 14. And The decoding prediction image generation unit 32 may generate an interpolation image from the reference image of the frame number / coding image memory 34 using the information and output the interpolation image.

【0023】なお、以上説明したような符号化器の処理
は動画像符号化プログラムとして、CD−ROM,F
D,半導体メモリなどの記録媒体に記録しておき、コン
ピュータが記録媒体から動画像プログラムを読み出して
実行するようにしてもよい。復号器の処理も同様であ
る。
The processing of the encoder as described above is performed as a moving image coding program on a CD-ROM,
Alternatively, the program may be recorded on a recording medium such as D or a semiconductor memory, and the computer may read out and execute the moving image program from the recording medium. The same applies to the processing of the decoder.

【0024】[0024]

【発明の効果】以上説明したように本発明は、フレーム
間予測時に参照するフレーム番号および線形和のための
比率を符号化データに埋め込むことにより、線形和のた
めの比率がフレーム間の距離とは無関係に定まっていた
り、様々に変化する場合でも予測効率のよい予測画像を
生成することが可能であり、その結果、符号化における
圧縮率が向上する効果がある。
As described above, according to the present invention, by embedding the frame number and the ratio for the linear sum to be referred to at the time of inter-frame prediction into the encoded data, the ratio for the linear sum is reduced by the distance between the frames. It is possible to generate a predicted image with good prediction efficiency even if is determined irrespective or changes in various ways, and as a result, the compression rate in encoding is improved.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図1】本発明の一実施形態の符号化器と復号器のブロ
ック図である。
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an encoder and a decoder according to an embodiment of the present invention.

【図2】図1の符号化器と復号器における符号化と復号
の処理を示す流れ図である。
FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing encoding and decoding processing in an encoder and a decoder in FIG. 1;

【図3】本発明の方法の符号化順序と参照画像の例を示
す図である。
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a coding order and a reference image in the method of the present invention.

【図4】従来の方法の符号化順序と参照画像の例を示す
図である。
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a coding order and a reference image according to a conventional method.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

1 入力画像 2 予測処理部 3 符号化用予測画像生成部 4 予測画像 5 フレーム番号・符号化画像メモリ 6 参照フレーム番号 7 参照画像データ 8 予測誤差画像 9 参照フレーム番号 10 線形和のための比率 11 予測誤差符号化部 12 符号化データ 13 符号化用参照フレーム番号取得部 14 符号化用線形和比率取得部 15 参照フレーム番号データ 16 線形和比率データ 17 多重化処理部 18 多重化符号化データ 21 分離処理部 22 符号化データ 23 参照フレーム番号データ 24 線形和比率データ 25 予測誤差復号部 26 予測誤差画像 27 復号用参照フレーム番号取得部 28 復号用線形和比率取得部 29 参照フレーム番号 30 線形和のための比率 31 予測画像加算処理部 32 復号用予測画像生成部 33 予測画像 34 フレーム番号・符号化画像メモリ 35 参照フレーム番号 36 参照画像データ 37 復号画像 41〜47,51〜55 ステップ DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Input image 2 Prediction processing part 3 Prediction image generation part for encoding 4 Prediction image 5 Frame number and coded image memory 6 Reference frame number 7 Reference image data 8 Prediction error image 9 Reference frame number 10 Ratio for linear sum 11 Prediction error encoding unit 12 Encoded data 13 Reference frame number acquisition unit for encoding 14 Linear sum ratio acquisition unit for encoding 15 Reference frame number data 16 Linear sum ratio data 17 Multiplex processing unit 18 Multiplex encoded data 21 Separation Processing unit 22 Encoded data 23 Reference frame number data 24 Linear sum ratio data 25 Prediction error decoding unit 26 Prediction error image 27 Reference frame number acquisition unit for decoding 28 Linear sum ratio acquisition unit for decoding 29 Reference frame number 30 For linear sum 31 Predicted image addition processing unit 32 Predicted image generation unit for decoding 33 Predicted image 34 frame number / coded image memory 35 reference frame number 36 reference image data 37 decoded image 41 to 47, 51 to 55 steps

Claims (14)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 動画像をフレーム間予測を用いて符号化
する動画像符号化方法において、符号化済みの画像デー
タにフレーム番号を付与しておき、これから符号化しよ
うとする画像に対して、複数の任意の符号化済みの画像
の線形和を用いて予測を行うと共に、該予測に用いた複
数の符号化済みの画像フレーム番号および線形和のため
の比率も符号化することを特徴とする動画像符号化方
法。
In a moving picture coding method for coding a moving picture using inter-frame prediction, a frame number is assigned to coded image data, and an image to be coded is to be encoded. The prediction is performed using a linear sum of a plurality of arbitrary encoded images, and a plurality of encoded image frame numbers used for the prediction and a ratio for the linear sum are also encoded. Video encoding method.
【請求項2】 上限が設定された複数の符号化済み画像
を予測に用いる、請求項1記載の動画像符号化方法。
2. The moving picture coding method according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of coded pictures having an upper limit set are used for prediction.
【請求項3】 画像全体を任意の大きさおよび形状の部
分に区切った部分画像の線形和を予測に用いる、請求項
1記載の動画像符号化方法。
3. The moving image coding method according to claim 1, wherein a linear sum of partial images obtained by dividing the entire image into portions having an arbitrary size and shape is used for prediction.
【請求項4】 これから符号化しようとする画像のフレ
ーム番号の近傍のフレーム番号の画像のみを予測に用い
る、請求項1記載の動画像符号化方法。
4. The moving picture coding method according to claim 1, wherein only a picture having a frame number near a frame number of a picture to be coded is used for prediction.
【請求項5】 フィールド単位の識別子がフレーム番号
に付加されている、請求項1から4のいずれかの1項記
載の動画像符号化方法。
5. The moving picture coding method according to claim 1, wherein an identifier of each field is added to the frame number.
【請求項6】 請求項1から5のいずれか1項記載の動
画像符号化方法に対応する動画像復号方法において、こ
れから復号しようとする画像に対して予測に用いられた
画像のフレーム番号および線形和のための比率を知るこ
とにより、予測を行うことを特徴とする動画像復号方
法。
6. A moving picture decoding method corresponding to the moving picture coding method according to claim 1, wherein a frame number of an image used for prediction with respect to an image to be decoded is determined. A moving image decoding method, wherein prediction is performed by knowing a ratio for a linear sum.
【請求項7】 上限が設定されている複数の符号化済み
の画像を予測に用いる、請求項6記載の動画像復号方
法。
7. The moving picture decoding method according to claim 6, wherein a plurality of encoded pictures for which an upper limit is set are used for prediction.
【請求項8】 画像全体の任意の大きさおよび形状の部
分に区切った部分画像の線形和を予測に用いる、請求項
6記載の動画像復号方法。
8. The moving picture decoding method according to claim 6, wherein a linear sum of partial images divided into parts of an arbitrary size and shape of the entire image is used for prediction.
【請求項9】 これから符号化しようとする画像フレー
ム番号の近傍フレーム番号の画像のみを予測に用いる、
請求項6記載の動画像復号方法。
9. Only an image having a frame number near the image frame number to be encoded is used for prediction.
The moving picture decoding method according to claim 6.
【請求項10】 フィールド単位の識別子がフレーム番
号に付加されている請求項6から9のいずれか1項記載
の動画像復号方法。
10. The moving picture decoding method according to claim 6, wherein a field unit identifier is added to the frame number.
【請求項11】 参照フレーム番号が付与された、符号
化された参照画像を記憶しているフレーム番号・符号化
画像メモリと、 参照フレーム番号を前記フレーム番号・符号化画像メモ
リに引き渡し、対応する前記参照画像を得、その中から
予測効率の最も良い予測画像を生成し、または画像全体
を任意の大きさおよび形状の部分に区切り、その部分毎
に参照画像デーータと参照フレーム番号を決定して予測
画像を生成し、さらに前記参照フレーム番号と線形和の
ための比率を出力する符号化用予測画像生成手段と、 前記参照フレーム番号と線形和のための比率をそれぞれ
符号化し、参照フレーム番号データおよび線形和比率デ
ータとして出力する符号化用参照フレーム番号取得手段
および符号化用線形和比率取得手段を有する符号化器。
11. A frame number / encoded image memory storing an encoded reference image to which a reference frame number is assigned, and a reference frame number is transferred to the frame number / encoded image memory, and Obtain the reference image, generate a prediction image with the best prediction efficiency from among them, or divide the entire image into parts of an arbitrary size and shape, determine reference image data and reference frame number for each part A predicted image generating means for generating a predicted image, and further outputting the ratio for the reference frame number and the linear sum; and encoding the reference frame number and the ratio for the linear sum, respectively, and generating reference frame number data. And an encoding reference frame number acquiring means for outputting as a linear sum ratio data and a linear sum ratio acquiring means for encoding.
【請求項12】 請求項11に対応する復号器であっ
て、 前記符号化器中のフレーム番号・符号化画像メモリと同
じ、参照フレームが付与された参照画像を記憶している
フレーム番号・符号化画像メモリと、 それぞれ前記参照フレーム番号データおよび線形和比率
データから参照フレーム番号および線形和のための比率
を出力する復号用参照フレーム番号取得手段および復号
用線形和比率取得手段と、 該参照フレーム番号と線形和のための比率を入力し、該
参照フレーム番号を前記フレーム番号・符号化画像メモ
リに引き渡し、対応する参照画像を受け取り、前記符号
化用予測画像生成手段と同様にして予測画像を生成し、
出力する復号用予測画像生成手段を有する復号器。
12. A decoder according to claim 11, wherein a frame number and code storing a reference image to which a reference frame is added are the same as a frame number and coded image memory in said encoder. A decoding reference frame number obtaining means and a decoding linear sum ratio obtaining means for outputting a reference frame number and a ratio for a linear sum from the reference frame number data and the linear sum ratio data, respectively; A number and a ratio for a linear sum are input, the reference frame number is transferred to the frame number / coded image memory, a corresponding reference image is received, and a predicted image is generated in the same manner as the coding predicted image generating means. Generate
A decoder having decoding predictive image generating means for outputting.
【請求項13】 参照フレーム番号を、参照フレーム番
号が付与された、符号化された参照画像を記憶している
フレーム番号・符号化画像メモリに引き渡し、対応する
前記参照画像を得、その中から予測効率の最もよい予測
画像を生成し、または画像全体を任意の大きさおよび形
状の部分に区切り、その部分毎に参照画像データと参照
フレーム番号を決定して予測画像を生成し、さらに前記
参照フレーム番号と線形和のための比率を出力する符号
化用予測画像生成処理と、 前記参照フレーム番号と線形和のための比率をそれぞれ
符号化し、参照フレーム番号データ、線形和比率データ
として出力する符号化用参照フレーム番号取得処理およ
び符号化用線形和比率取得処理と、 入力画像を前記予測画像と比較し、予測誤差画像を生成
する予測処理と、 前記予測誤差画像を符号化し、符号化データとして出力
する予測誤差符号化処理と、 前記符号化データ、前記参照フレーム番号データ、前記
線形和比率データを多重化し、多重化符号化データとし
て出力する多重化処理をコンピュータに実行させるため
の動画像符号化プログラムを記録した記録媒体。
13. A reference frame number is transferred to a frame number / coded image memory storing an encoded reference image to which a reference frame number is assigned, and a corresponding reference image is obtained. Generate a predicted image with the best prediction efficiency, or divide the entire image into portions of arbitrary size and shape, determine reference image data and reference frame numbers for each portion, generate a predicted image, and further generate the reference image. A predictive image generation process for encoding that outputs a ratio for a frame number and a linear sum, and a code that encodes the reference frame number and a ratio for the linear sum, respectively, and outputs them as reference frame number data and linear sum ratio data A reference frame number acquisition process for encoding and a linear sum ratio acquisition process for encoding; and a prediction process for generating a prediction error image by comparing an input image with the prediction image. Encoding the prediction error image and outputting it as encoded data; and multiplexing the encoded data, the reference frame number data, and the linear sum ratio data, and outputting the multiplexed encoded data. Recording medium for recording a moving image encoding program for causing a computer to execute a multiplexing process.
【請求項14】 請求項13に対応する動画像復号プロ
グラムを記録した記録媒体であって、 前記多重化符号化データを前記符号化データ、前記参照
フレーム番号データ、前記線形和比率データに分離する
分離処理と、 前記符号化データを復号し、予測誤差画像に変換する予
測誤差復号処理と、 前記参照フレーム番号データ、前記線形和比率データを
それぞれ復号し、参照フレーム番号および線形和のため
の比率を出力する復号用参照フレーム番号取得処理およ
び復号用線形和比率取得処理と、 該参照フレーム番号と線形和のための比率を前記符号化
器中のフレーム番号・符号化画像メモリと同じ、参照フ
レーム番号が付与された参照画像を記憶しているフレー
ム番号・符号化画像メモリに引き渡し、対応する参照画
像を受け取り、前記符号化用予測画像生成処理と同様に
して予測画像を生成し、出力する復号用予測画像生成処
理と、 前記予測誤差画像に前記予測画像を加算し、復号画像と
して出力する予測画像加算処理をコンピュータに実行さ
せるための動画像復号プログラムを記録した記録媒体。
14. A recording medium on which a moving picture decoding program according to claim 13 is recorded, wherein the multiplexed coded data is separated into the coded data, the reference frame number data, and the linear sum ratio data. A separation process; a prediction error decoding process for decoding the encoded data and converting it to a prediction error image; and decoding the reference frame number data and the linear sum ratio data, respectively, to obtain a reference frame number and a ratio for the linear sum. A decoding reference frame number obtaining process and a decoding linear sum ratio obtaining process for outputting a reference frame number and a ratio for the linear sum are the same as the frame number and coded image memory in the encoder. The frame is transferred to the frame number / coded image memory storing the numbered reference image, and the corresponding reference image is received. A prediction image generation process for decoding to generate and output a prediction image in the same manner as the prediction image generation process for encoding, and a prediction image addition process of adding the prediction image to the prediction error image and outputting the decoded image as a decoded image A recording medium on which a moving image decoding program to be executed is recorded.
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