JPH11237315A - Measuring method for local concentration air-fuel mixture - Google Patents
Measuring method for local concentration air-fuel mixtureInfo
- Publication number
- JPH11237315A JPH11237315A JP3828598A JP3828598A JPH11237315A JP H11237315 A JPH11237315 A JP H11237315A JP 3828598 A JP3828598 A JP 3828598A JP 3828598 A JP3828598 A JP 3828598A JP H11237315 A JPH11237315 A JP H11237315A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- intensity
- concentration
- emission
- fuel mixture
- air
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Landscapes
- Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)
- Testing Of Engines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、局所混合気濃度計
測法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for measuring a local concentration of an air-fuel mixture.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来技術の局所空燃比検出装置（例え
ば、特開平１−２４７７４０号公報）では、１００μ秒
オーダー以下で火炎の化学発光のスペクトルを分光分析
し、ピーク電圧Ｖo，ＶEを計測して空燃比Ａ／Ｆを推測
しているが、スートが生成する条件ではスートからの固
体熱放射が化学発光の妨害となるため適用し難い。2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional local air-fuel ratio detecting device (for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-247740), the spectrum of flame chemiluminescence is analyzed in the order of 100 μs or less, and peak voltages V o and V E are determined. Although the air-fuel ratio A / F is estimated by measurement, it is difficult to apply it under conditions where soot is generated, since solid heat radiation from the soot interferes with chemiluminescence.
【０００３】その他の光学的計測法としては、燃料中に
蛍光剤を添加して、レーザーで蛍光剤を発光させるとい
うレーザ誘起蛍光法（ＬＩＦ）が提案されている。この
レーザ誘起蛍光法は、レーザにより蛍光剤を誘起して蛍
光を計測する方法であるが、レーザー光強度に対して、
どれだけ蛍光が出てくるかという量子的な効率が雰囲気
温度に依存するため、温度分布差を伴う状態で定量的な
値を求めることが困難である。As another optical measurement method, a laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) method in which a fluorescent agent is added to fuel and the fluorescent agent emits light with a laser has been proposed. This laser-induced fluorescence method is a method of measuring fluorescence by inducing a fluorescent agent with a laser.
Since the quantum efficiency of how much fluorescence is emitted depends on the ambient temperature, it is difficult to obtain a quantitative value in a state involving a temperature distribution difference.
【０００４】特に、燃料が蒸発した状態でシリンダ内に
入ってくる通常のエンジンでは温度分布は比較的問題に
ならないが、シリンダ内で燃料を噴射した後にその蒸発
が進む火花点火式ガソリン筒内噴射エンジンでは、シリ
ンダ内に蒸発潜熱に基づく温度分布が生じ、その温度分
布の補正ができないことから、レーザ誘起蛍光法による
定量的な計測が困難となっていた。また、レーザをシリ
ンダ内に導入するための窓や蛍光を観測するための窓を
設ける必要があり、大幅に改造した可視化エンジンを用
いなければならない。[0004] In particular, in a normal engine in which fuel enters the cylinder in a state where the fuel has evaporated, the temperature distribution is relatively insignificant, but the fuel is injected in the cylinder and then the evaporation proceeds after the fuel is injected. In the engine, a temperature distribution is generated in the cylinder based on latent heat of vaporization, and the temperature distribution cannot be corrected. Therefore, it has been difficult to perform a quantitative measurement by the laser-induced fluorescence method. Further, it is necessary to provide a window for introducing the laser into the cylinder and a window for observing the fluorescence, and a significantly modified visualization engine must be used.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、上記従来技
術に鑑みてなされたものであり、光学的計測のためのエ
ンジンの大幅な改造が不要であり、シリンダ内の温度分
布にも影響を受け難く、スートが生成する条件にも適用
可能な、点火プラグ近傍の局所的な混合気濃度を計測で
きる光学的な計測法を提供することを目的とする。即
ち、本発明は、火花点火にともなう発光のスペクトル形
状が点火プラグ周辺の混合気濃度に依存することを利用
して、点火時期に点火プラグ周辺に存在する混合気の濃
度を求める新しい計測法を提案するものである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned prior art, and does not require a major modification of an engine for optical measurement, and does not affect the temperature distribution in the cylinder. It is an object of the present invention to provide an optical measurement method that can measure a local concentration of an air-fuel mixture in the vicinity of a spark plug, which is hard to receive and can be applied to conditions for generating soot. That is, the present invention provides a new measurement method for determining the concentration of the mixture present around the spark plug at the ignition timing by utilizing the fact that the spectral shape of the light emission accompanying spark ignition depends on the mixture concentration around the spark plug. It is a suggestion.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】斯かる目的を達成する本
発明の請求項１に係る局所混合気濃度計測法は、点火発
光のスペクトル解析を行うことにより、点火時期に点火
プラグ周辺に存在する混合気の濃度を推定することを特
徴とする。また、上記目的を達成する本発明の請求項２
に係る局所混合気濃度計測法は、請求項１において、Ｏ
Ｈ band 及びＣＮ band についてスペクトル解析を行う
ことを特徴とする。According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for measuring the concentration of a gaseous mixture in a fuel supply system, comprising: analyzing a spectrum of ignition light emission; It is characterized by estimating the concentration of the air-fuel mixture. Further, claim 2 of the present invention for achieving the above object.
The method for measuring the concentration of a local mixture in accordance with
It is characterized in that spectrum analysis is performed for H band and CN band.
【０００７】（作用）本発明は、火炎ではなく、スパー
ク放電（絶縁破壊）の瞬間のスペクトルの特性に基づい
て混合気の濃度を推定するものであり、従来の光学的計
測法が、燃料が燃焼する際の発光のスペクトルを分析す
る方法であるのと異なっている。即ち、シリンダ内で火
炎がまだ生成されず、燃料である炭化水素と酸素と窒素
が存在するなかに高電圧を掛けて、絶縁破壊が起こった
ときに、何らかの化学生成物（化学種）が生成するの
で、それの発光を検出し、混合気の濃度を推測するもの
である。(Function) The present invention estimates the concentration of an air-fuel mixture based on the characteristics of the spectrum at the moment of spark discharge (dielectric breakdown) instead of the flame. This is different from the method of analyzing the spectrum of light emission when burning. That is, when a flame is not yet generated in the cylinder and a high voltage is applied in the presence of hydrocarbons, oxygen and nitrogen as fuel, and a dielectric breakdown occurs, some chemical product (chemical species) is generated. Therefore, the light emission is detected and the concentration of the air-fuel mixture is estimated.
【０００８】そのスペクトル解析の一例を図１（ａ）
（ｂ）に示す。混合気中のスパーク光は、主にＯＨ ban
d とＣＨ band のピーキィなスペクトルとＮＯ2の生成
に基づくブロードなスペクトルによって構成されてい
る。図１（ａ）は点火発光のスパーク光のスペクトルを
示すグラフ、図１（ｂ）はエンジンに均一な混合気を供
給した場合の混合気濃度とＣＮ強度／ＯＨ強度の関係を
示すグラフである。なお、混合気濃度は、理論空燃比に
対する空燃比の割合である当量比（Equivalence Ratio
）で示してある。図１（ａ）は、スペクトル形状は時
間とともに変化するが、ＣＮ band の発光強度が最大に
なる時間のデータを示している。また、スパーク光の強
度には、サイクル変動があるので、ＮＯ2のスペクトル
用いて、発光強度を正規化してある。図１（ａ）は、横
軸が波長（Wavelength nm)、縦軸が分光器の出力（Outp
ut of OMA)である。また、混合気濃度は、下段に行くほ
ど濃度が濃くなる。FIG. 1A shows an example of the spectrum analysis.
(B). The spark light in the mixture is mainly OH ban
It is composed of a peaky spectrum of d and CH band and a broad spectrum based on generation of NO 2 . FIG. 1A is a graph showing a spectrum of spark light of ignition light emission, and FIG. 1B is a graph showing a relationship between a mixture concentration and a CN intensity / OH intensity when a uniform mixture is supplied to an engine. . Note that the mixture concentration is an equivalence ratio (Equivalence Ratio) which is a ratio of an air-fuel ratio to a stoichiometric air-fuel ratio.
). FIG. 1A shows data of a time when the emission intensity of the CN band is maximized, while the spectrum shape changes with time. Further, since the intensity of the spark light has a cycle variation, the emission intensity is normalized using the NO 2 spectrum. In FIG. 1A, the horizontal axis represents the wavelength (Wavelength nm), and the vertical axis represents the output (Outp) of the spectroscope.
ut of OMA). Further, the concentration of the air-fuel mixture becomes higher as it goes down.
【０００９】ここで、混合気濃度が高くなるほど、波長
３０６ｎｍにおけるＯＨ band の発光強度は低くなるの
に対し、波長３９０ｎｍにおけるＣＮ band の発光強度
は高くなっている。Here, as the mixture concentration increases, the emission intensity of the OH band at a wavelength of 306 nm decreases, whereas the emission intensity of the CN band at a wavelength of 390 nm increases.
【００１０】従って、ＯＨ band 及びＣＮ band の発光
強度と混合気濃度との間に何らかの一定の関係があり、
これを利用すれば、混合気濃度が推定されると理解され
る。Therefore, there is a certain relation between the emission intensity of the OH band and the CN band and the mixture concentration,
It is understood that the mixture concentration is estimated by using this.
【００１１】そこで、ＯＨ band 及びＣＮ band の発光
強度から裾野部分のＮＯ2の発光強度を除去した値を、
ＣＮ強度（ＣＮ intensity）とＯＨ強度（ＯＨ intensi
ty）とそれぞれ定義し、その比を取って、図１（ｂ）に
示すように混合気濃度と比較した。その結果から明らか
なように、混合気濃度の割合が高くなるに従って、ＣＮ
強度／ＯＨ強度の比が大きくなる傾向にある。Therefore, the value obtained by removing the emission intensity of NO 2 at the foot from the emission intensity of the OH band and the CN band is
CN intensity and OH intensi
ty), and their ratios were taken and compared with the mixture concentration as shown in FIG. 1 (b). As is clear from the results, as the ratio of the mixture concentration becomes higher, the CN becomes higher.
The ratio of strength / OH strength tends to increase.
【００１２】この結果を利用し、ＣＮ強度／ＯＨ強度の
比と混合気濃度の割合との関係を予め求めてマップ化
し、或いは、その関数を求めておけば、図１（ａ）に示
すスペクトルを計測することにより、縦軸であるＣＮ強
度／ＯＨ強度の比から横軸である混合気濃度を推定でき
ることになる。また、図１（ａ）に示すように、ＮＯ2
の発光を用いてスペクトル強度を正規化しておけば、Ｏ
Ｈ band 又はＣＮ band の発光強度の何れか一方のみを
利用しても、混合気濃度を推定することも可能である
が、ＯＨ band の発光強度（ＯＨ強度）は発光強度の変
動がＣＮ band の発光強度（ＣＮ強度）に比較して小さ
いため、ＣＮ band の発光強度を利用することが望まし
いと言える。If the relationship between the ratio of the CN intensity / OH intensity and the ratio of the gas-fuel mixture concentration is determined in advance and mapped, or if its function is determined, the spectrum shown in FIG. Is measured, the mixture concentration on the horizontal axis can be estimated from the ratio of CN intensity / OH intensity on the vertical axis. Further, as shown in FIG. 1 (a), NO 2
If the spectral intensity is normalized using the emission of
It is possible to estimate the mixture concentration by using only one of the emission intensity of the H band and the CN band. However, the emission intensity (OH intensity) of the OH band has a variation in the emission intensity of the CN band. Since the emission intensity is smaller than the emission intensity (CN intensity), it can be said that it is desirable to use the emission intensity of the CN band.
【００１３】スペクトル形状は、時間変化するため、Ｃ
Ｎの発光が最大となるタイミングで、しかも、燃焼が起
こらず放電が起こっている間のスペクトル解析すること
が必要である。尚、ＣＮ band 又はＯＨ band と表現し
たのは、ＣＮ又はＯＨであるとは分光学的に同定できな
いが、ＣＮ又はＯＨと推定されることからこのような表
現とした。Since the spectrum shape changes with time, C
It is necessary to analyze the spectrum at the timing when the emission of N is maximum and while the combustion is occurring and the discharge is occurring. The expression CN band or OH band cannot be spectroscopically identified as CN or OH, but is expressed as CN or OH because it is presumed to be CN or OH.
【００１４】[0014]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施の態様につい
て、図面を参照して具体的に説明する。本発明の一実施
例に係る局所混合気濃度計測方法は図２に示す装置によ
り実施される。Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings. The local gas mixture concentration measuring method according to one embodiment of the present invention is implemented by the apparatus shown in FIG.
【００１５】この装置は、点火発光のスペクトル解析を
行うことにより、点火時期に点火プラグ周辺に存在する
混合気の濃度を求めるものである。即ち、点火プラグ１
００の放電瞬間における点火発光を回折格子２００で回
折し、分光検出器３００でそのスペクトルを検出する。This device determines the concentration of the air-fuel mixture present around the spark plug at the ignition timing by performing a spectrum analysis of the ignition light emission. That is, the spark plug 1
The ignition light emission at the discharge instant of 00 is diffracted by the diffraction grating 200, and the spectrum is detected by the spectral detector 300.
【００１６】点火プラグ１００は、エンジンのシリンダ
内に装着されるので、シリンダには窓を設けて、光ファ
イバ等の光学系を介して回折格子２００、分光検出器３
００へ導く必要がある。シリンダ内の改造の度合は必要
最低限で良い。Since the spark plug 100 is mounted in the cylinder of the engine, the cylinder is provided with a window, and the diffraction grating 200 and the spectral detector 3 are provided through an optical system such as an optical fiber.
Need to lead to 00. The degree of modification in the cylinder is the minimum required.
【００１７】分光分析器３００で検出された値は、アン
プ４００で増幅され、メモリ５００で記憶された後、演
算器６００にてＮＯ2の発光を用いて正規化され、ＣＮ
強度／ＯＨ強度の比を求める。The value detected by the spectrometer 300 is amplified by the amplifier 400, stored in the memory 500, normalized by the calculator 600 using the emission of NO 2 , and
Determine the ratio of strength / OH strength.
【００１８】なお、ＯＨ強度とＣＮ強度は裾野部分のＮ
Ｏ2の発光強度を除去した値を用いる。その値は、図１
（ａ）に示すように、混合気濃度に依存して変化してい
る。そこで、そのＣＮ強度／ＯＨ強度の比と混合気濃度
を、図１（ｂ）に示すように予め求めておけば、点火プ
ラグ近傍における混合気濃度を推定することが可能とな
る。The OH intensity and CN intensity are determined by the N
A value obtained by removing the emission intensity of O 2 is used. The values are shown in FIG.
As shown in (a), it changes depending on the mixture concentration. Therefore, if the ratio of the CN intensity / OH intensity and the mixture concentration are obtained in advance as shown in FIG. 1B, the mixture concentration in the vicinity of the ignition plug can be estimated.
【００１９】このようにして求めた混合気濃度は、出力
や燃費との関係において最適となるように調整される。
特に、火花点火式ガソリン筒内噴射エンジンにおいて
は、噴射時期を変えると混合気濃度を変えられるので、
点火プラグ近傍に適切な濃度の混合気を形成することが
重要であるが、上述したように混合気濃度を計測するこ
とができれば、精度の高いエンジン制御に応用可能とな
る。The mixture concentration thus obtained is adjusted so as to be optimal in relation to the output and fuel consumption.
In particular, in a spark ignition gasoline cylinder injection engine, changing the injection timing can change the mixture concentration,
It is important to form an air-fuel mixture having an appropriate concentration in the vicinity of the spark plug. However, if the air-fuel mixture concentration can be measured as described above, it can be applied to highly accurate engine control.
【００２０】尚、上述した実施例では、ＯＨ強度とＣＮ
強度の比を用いるが、ＮＯ2の発光を用いてスペクトル
強度を正規化しておけば、ＯＨ強度又はＣＮ強度の何れ
か一方を用いても混合気濃度を検出可能である。In the above embodiment, the OH intensity and CN
Although the intensity ratio is used, if the spectral intensity is normalized using the emission of NO 2 , the mixture concentration can be detected using either the OH intensity or the CN intensity.
【００２１】以上の実施例では、各発光強度における裾
野部分を除去した値を用いているが、厳密性よりも簡便
性を重視すれば、裾野部分を除去せずに、混合気濃度を
推定しても良い。この場合、分光器を用いてスペクトル
の形を完全に求める必要がなくなり、ＯＨ band とＣＮ
band の中心波長と、ＮＯ2 band の代表的な波長のバ
ンドパスフィルターを用いて光電素子でスペクトル強度
を求めれば良い。即ち、代表的なスペクトル強度だけ求
めれば良い。ＮＯ2 band の代表的なスペクトル強度は
データの正規化のために用いられる。In the above embodiment, the value obtained by removing the tail portion in each light emission intensity is used. However, if importance is placed on simplicity rather than strictness, the mixture concentration is estimated without removing the tail portion. May be. In this case, there is no need to completely determine the shape of the spectrum using a spectroscope, and the OH band and CN
The spectral intensity may be obtained by a photoelectric element using a band-pass filter having a center wavelength of the band and a typical wavelength of the NO 2 band. That is, only the representative spectrum intensity needs to be obtained. The typical spectral intensity of NO 2 band is used for data normalization.
【００２２】[0022]
【発明の効果】以上、詳細に説明したように、本発明は
点火発光のスペクトル解析するので、火炎発光をスペク
トル解析する従来技術に比較して極めて簡単な計測法で
ある。特に、点火発光を計測するため、エンジンに窓を
設ける必要があるが、改造の度合は極めて小さいという
利点がある。また、蛍光剤の蛍光を測定しないため、シ
リンダ内における温度分布があった場合にも、正確な混
合気濃度の推定が可能となる。また、ＯＨ band 及びＣ
Ｎ band について、スペクトル解析を行い、裾野部分を
除去した発光強度の比と混合気濃度との関係から混合気
濃度を推定することにより、スパークによる変動や分光
器の感度の依存性による影響を排除して精度の高い計測
が可能となる。As described above in detail, the present invention analyzes the spectrum of ignition light emission, so that it is a much simpler measurement method than the conventional technique of spectrum analysis of flame light emission. Particularly, in order to measure ignition light emission, it is necessary to provide a window in the engine, but there is an advantage that the degree of modification is extremely small. Further, since the fluorescence of the fluorescent agent is not measured, it is possible to accurately estimate the mixture concentration even when there is a temperature distribution in the cylinder. Also, OH band and C
By analyzing the spectrum of N band and estimating the mixture concentration from the relationship between the emission intensity ratio and the mixture concentration with the tail removed, the effects of fluctuations due to sparks and dependence on the sensitivity of the spectrometer are eliminated. As a result, highly accurate measurement becomes possible.
【図１】図１（ａ）は、エンジンの混合気濃度とＣＮ強
度／ＯＨ強度の関係を示すグラフ、図１（ｂ）は典型的
なスパーク光のスペクトルを示すグラフである。FIG. 1A is a graph showing the relationship between the mixture concentration of an engine and CN intensity / OH intensity, and FIG. 1B is a graph showing a typical spark light spectrum.
【図２】本発明の一実施例に係る局所混合気濃度計測法
に係る装置を示すブロック図である。FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an apparatus according to a local gas mixture concentration measuring method according to one embodiment of the present invention.
１００ 点火プラグ ２００ 回折格子 ３００ 分光検出器 ４００ アンプ ５００ メモリ ６００ 演算器 Reference Signs List 100 spark plug 200 diffraction grating 300 spectral detector 400 amplifier 500 memory 600 arithmetic unit
Claims (2)
より、点火時期に点火プラグ周辺に存在する混合気の濃
度を推定することを特徴とする局所混合気濃度計測法。1. A local air-fuel mixture concentration measuring method characterized by estimating the concentration of an air-fuel mixture present around an ignition plug at an ignition timing by performing spectrum analysis of ignition light emission.
ＣＮ band について行うことを特徴とする請求項１記載
の局所混合気濃度計測法。2. The local mixed gas concentration measuring method according to claim 1, wherein the spectrum analysis is performed on OH band and CN band.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3828598A JPH11237315A (en) | 1998-02-20 | 1998-02-20 | Measuring method for local concentration air-fuel mixture |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3828598A JPH11237315A (en) | 1998-02-20 | 1998-02-20 | Measuring method for local concentration air-fuel mixture |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH11237315A true JPH11237315A (en) | 1999-08-31 |
Family
ID=12521048
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3828598A Withdrawn JPH11237315A (en) | 1998-02-20 | 1998-02-20 | Measuring method for local concentration air-fuel mixture |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH11237315A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7528607B2 (en) | 2005-02-15 | 2009-05-05 | Southwest Research Institute | Measurement of CN emissions from engine spark igniter for characterization of spark igniter energy |
| JP2010071271A (en) * | 2008-09-22 | 2010-04-02 | Imagineering Inc | Fuel concentration measuring device, fuel concentration measuring method, and method of preparing calibration curve therefor |
-
1998
- 1998-02-20 JP JP3828598A patent/JPH11237315A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7528607B2 (en) | 2005-02-15 | 2009-05-05 | Southwest Research Institute | Measurement of CN emissions from engine spark igniter for characterization of spark igniter energy |
| JP2010071271A (en) * | 2008-09-22 | 2010-04-02 | Imagineering Inc | Fuel concentration measuring device, fuel concentration measuring method, and method of preparing calibration curve therefor |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Phuoc et al. | Laser-induced spark for measurements of the fuel-to-air ratio of a combustible mixture | |
| Ferioli et al. | Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy for on-line engine equivalence ratio measurements | |
| Yamada et al. | Kinetic measurements in homogeneous charge compression of dimethyl ether: role of intermediate formaldehyde controlling chain branching in the low-temperature oxidation mechanism | |
| Tripathi et al. | A comparison of multivariate LIBS and chemiluminescence-based local equivalence ratio measurements in premixed atmospheric methane–air flames | |
| US7619742B2 (en) | High-speed spectrographic sensor for internal combustion engines | |
| Joshi et al. | Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy for in-cylinder equivalence ratio measurements in laser-ignited natural gas engines | |
| Phuoc | Laser-induced spark for simultaneous ignition and fuel-to-air ratio measurements | |
| Letty et al. | Comparison of electrical and laser spark emission spectroscopy for fuel concentration measurements | |
| Bengtsson et al. | Vibrational CARS thermometry in sooty flames: quantitative evaluation of C2 absorption interference | |
| Zhang et al. | Influence of the pressure and temperature on laser induced breakdown spectroscopy for gas concentration measurements | |
| Alessandretti et al. | Thermometry by CARS in an automobile engine | |
| Bengtsson et al. | Combined vibrational and rotational CARS for simultaneous measurements of temperature and concentrations of fuel, oxygen, and nitrogen | |
| Sandrowitz et al. | Flame emission spectroscopy for equivalence ratio monitoring | |
| Qi et al. | A three-color absorption/scattering imaging technique for simultaneous measurements on distributions of temperature and fuel concentration in a spray | |
| Li et al. | Strategy for single-shot CH3 imaging in premixed methane/air flames using photofragmentation laser-induced fluorescence | |
| Aizawa et al. | Investigation of early soot formation process in a diesel spray flame via excitation—emission matrix using a multi-wavelength laser source | |
| Wermuth et al. | Absorption and fluorescence data of acetone, 3-pentanone, biacetyl, and toluene at engine-specific combinations of temperature and pressure | |
| EP3441750A1 (en) | Method for isotopic measurement | |
| JP5150824B2 (en) | Fuel concentration measuring device, fuel concentration measuring method, and calibration curve preparing method therefor | |
| JPH11237315A (en) | Measuring method for local concentration air-fuel mixture | |
| Merer et al. | Spark spectroscopy for spark ignition engine diagnostics | |
| Jamette et al. | Laser induced fluorescence detection of NO in the combustion chamber of an optical GDI engine with AX (0, 1) excitation | |
| Knapp et al. | Quantitative in-cylinder NO LIF measurements with a KrF excimer laser applied to a mass-production SI engine fueled with isooctane and regular gasoline | |
| JP2004019517A (en) | Cylinder inside observing device of internal combustion engine | |
| Brüggemann et al. | CARS spectroscopy for temperature and concentration measurements in a spark ignition engine |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A300 | Withdrawal of application because of no request for examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A300 Effective date: 20050510 |