JPH11232412A - Non-contact ic card - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an IC card which can perform a display function with small electric power. SOLUTION: An IC 2 is fixed on a substrate 1, and also a display operating electrode 5, an opposed electrode 6, a power supply terminal 2A of the IC 2 and a lead 3 wire which connects both electrodes 5 and 6 together are formed on the substrate 1 by the screen printing. A gel material having an electrochemical reaction is formed in a film as a display element 4 so as to cover both electrodes 5 and 6. The element 4 varies its color with small electric power supplied from the IC 2 and performs a display operation.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a telephone card,
The present invention relates to a non-contact type IC card among pre-built cards such as commuter passes and tickets for use in various types of amusement arcades.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, IC cards having a wireless communication function have been used in various facilities. In this IC card, data is transmitted and received and power is supplied from a terminal device such as a reader / writer device by radio, so that the IC card can be used in a non-contact state with the terminal device. It is not necessary to input each time to the terminal device. In these non-contact type IC cards, as in the conventional IC card, the IC
It is desirable that the usage status of the card, in particular, the IC card before the start of use or the used IC card can be seen at a glance, and it is desirable that information such as the frequency of use and the balance of use be displayed on the IC card as visible information. In a conventional telephone card, prebayed card, or the like, this type of information is provided by perforation, display using a thermosensitive recording material, or the like. However, in these methods, the terminal device requires a special additional device such as a punching function and a heating function, and it is necessary to bring the additional device into contact with the IC card.

Some display devices use a liquid crystal display, but in this case, it is necessary to mount a battery or the like on the IC card.

[0004]

As described above, in a state where the non-contact type IC card is not in contact with a terminal device such as a reader / writer, a battery or the like can be used without requiring a special additional device for the terminal device. There is no method for displaying such information simply and inexpensively by using a small amount of electric power supplied from outside without contact because there is no need to mount it on a card.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and has as its object to receive a small amount of electric power in a non-contact manner with a terminal device, and to use this electric power for a wireless communication function, an information control function, and an information storage. An object of the present invention is to provide a non-contact type IC card capable of performing functions and display functions.

[0006]

The present invention is characterized in that a display element utilizing an electrochemical reaction is used as a display function on an IC card. Energy required for the electrochemical reaction is supplied by electromagnetic waves radiated from the terminal device. Since information is exchanged between the terminal device and the IC on the IC card by electromagnetic waves, no additional device is required for the terminal for electrochemical display. Further, since power is supplied to the display device by an electromagnetic field, the display device can be in a non-contact state with the terminal device.

Further, in a display element utilizing an electrochemical reaction, the energy consumption is small and is less than the energy that can be supplied by radio waves. For example, take a viologen molecule that is colored by electrical oxidation or reduction. For a practical recording density, an absorbance of 1 is sufficient. (Absorbance = -log I / I ₀ = εcl (ε: extinction coefficient,
c: concentration (mol / liter), l: optical length (c
m))) For viologen molecules ε = 10000, molecular weight 30
When it is set to about 0, the absorbance becomes 1 in a film having a thickness of 10 μm containing 3 wt% of viologen molecules. A membrane of this thickness
Since ^10-7 moles of a viologen molecule is contained per 1 cm ^{2, the} charge required for oxidation of this molecule is 0.01 coulomb. That is, 10 mA × 1 sec (10 mJ for a voltage of 1 V) is required. When the display area becomes about 5 mm ² , 0.5 mA × 1 sec (0.5 V for 1 V)
J). This energy is energy that can be sufficiently supplied by radio waves. In addition, the reaction speed of the electrochemical reaction is high in principle, and the reaction required for display can be completed within a few seconds.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a wireless communication function for transmitting / receiving data to / from a terminal device and receiving power, an information control function for controlling data held in a card, and storing data. In a non-contact type IC card having an information storage function and a display function of displaying data, a display element utilizing an electrochemical reaction is used as the display function.

A display element utilizing an electrochemical reaction is an element whose color changes by the exchange of electrons between an electrode and a substance, and utilizes a so-called electrochromism phenomenon in which the color changes by electrical oxidation and reduction. An element that changes color by a reaction caused by electrical oxidation and reduction, for example, an element using electrolytic polymerization, etc., falls into this category. An example of the latter is an electropolymerization reaction of a thiophene compound, a pyrrole compound, or an aromatic amine compound. Normally, electrochromism is a reversible reaction and electrolytic polymerization is an irreversible reaction. However, if it is completely reversible, a rewritable display element can be made, and if it is irreversible, it will be a display element that can be written only once.
In the present invention, any of reversible and irreversible reactions may be used. The number of display elements on the IC card may be one or more.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the display element utilizing the electrochemical reaction is:
It utilizes an electrochemical oxidation or reduction reaction, a so-called electrochromic phenomenon. Materials exhibiting electrochromism include inorganic substances such as WO ₃ and V ₂ O ₅ , viologen dyes, aromatic amine dyes,
Anthraquinone dyes, bisphthalocyanine metal complexes,
Low molecular weight dyes such as pyrazoline dyes, phenothiazine dyes, fluoran dyes, styryl spiropyran dyes, and polymers containing these dyes, and conductive polymers such as polypyrrole, polythiophene, polyaniline, polyparaphenylene, and polyparaphenylenevinylene is there.
These materials can be used alone or in combination of several types for one or more display elements on an IC card. Alternatively, different materials can be used for a plurality of display elements. By changing the material or by changing the voltage between the electrodes, multi-color display can be achieved.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, a display portion of a display element utilizing the electrochemical reaction comprises a working electrode, a counter electrode, an electrochromic material or an electrolyte which develops or changes color by electrical oxidation or reduction. The electrochromic material contains a viologen compound.

The materials of the working electrode and the counter electrode may be the same or different, and may be aluminum, copper, gold,
Silver, nickel, ITO and the like can be mentioned. The shape of the electrode is not particularly limited, such as a square system, a circular shape, and a comb shape. For these electrodes, a method in which the above-mentioned material is made into a paste form by screen printing is simple.

The viologen compounds include the following compounds.

[0014] R is alkyl group having 2 or more carbon atoms, R 'is 2 or more methylene chain carbon atoms, X is a halogen and BF ₄ are representative. Viologen is used by dissolving it in a solvent or by swelling this solution in a polymer.
The solvent and polymer used at this time are the same as those used for the electrolyte described below.

It is preferable to use an electrolyte obtained by swelling a polymer with a solution in which a supporting electrolyte is dissolved in a solvent.

As the solvent, propylene carbonate,
It is preferable to use γ-butyrolactane, acetonitrile, propionitrile, benzonitrile, DMF, N-methylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, acetylacetone, THF, dioxane, nitromethane, dichloroethane and the like.

The supporting electrolyte may be any one which can be easily dissolved in the above-mentioned solvent. As the cation, quaternary alkylammonium ion, lithium ion, sodium ion, potassium ion and alkylphosphonium ion are often used. As the anion, a halogen ion, a nitrate ion, a perchlorate ion, BF ₄ , PF ₆ or the like is used.

On the other hand, as the polymer, polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene fluoride, oligoethylene oxide polyacrylate, oligoethylene oxide polymethacrylate, polyethyleneimine, polyalkylene sulfide,
Polymers having an ionic group in the molecule, such as oligoethylene oxide, polyphosphifazene, polysiloxane, naphion, and flemion can be used.

A film containing a viologen and a film of an electrolyte are separately laminated on the electrode, or a film containing a viologen,
The soot, the supporting electrolyte, and the polymer may be mixed and used as one layer. A film containing a viologen, a film of an electrolyte, or a film in which both are mixed on an electrode is formed by screen printing or the like.

By changing the position and number of display elements on the non-contact type IC card of the present invention, the shape of the working electrode, the type of material that changes color by an electrochemical reaction, and the voltage applied between the electrodes, the usage of the card is changed. For example, it is possible to determine whether the card is a card before the start of use or a card after the start of use, and to variously display information such as the frequency of use and the balance. In the non-contact type IC card of the present invention, the IC, the wiring, and the display element are formed on one substrate, and both sides are coated with a transparent film such as a PET film to protect the IC and the display section. It is desirable to be done.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0022]

FIG. 1 is a perspective external view showing one embodiment of a non-contact type IC card (hereinafter, referred to as an IC card) 10 of the present invention. In this figure, 1 is a substrate,
For example, a polyester substrate is used. 2 is an IC, a substrate 1
Provided above. Reference numeral 3 denotes a lead wire that connects the display element 4 forming the display unit and the IC 2. 2A is the IC2
Power supply terminal.

As shown in FIG. 2, the display element 4 has a working electrode 5 and a counter electrode 6 which are spaced apart from each other, and a mixture of a polymer electrolyte gel and a viologen as shown in FIG. It is formed by covering with.

FIG. 3 shows a functional block diagram of the present invention. In this figure, reference numeral 11 denotes an antenna for transmitting and receiving signals to and from a terminal device (not shown), which is formed in a coil shape. Reference numeral 12 denotes an interface unit for demodulating and modulating transmission / reception data from the antenna 11, 13 a control unit, 14 a power storage unit,
The electromagnetic wave received by the antenna 11 is rectified and charged. Reference numeral 15 denotes a memory unit, and 16 denotes a display unit. The power of the power storage unit 14 is supplied to each unit. The control unit 13 controls the power supply to the display unit 16 in addition to the control of each unit.

Next, the operation will be described. IC card 1
Between 0 and a terminal device (not shown), transmission and reception of power is performed in addition to data transmission and reception.

The control unit 13 controls the interface unit 12 and the memory unit 15 to receive and demodulate the data input from the antenna 11 and store necessary data in the memory unit 15. The carrier is modulated with necessary data and transmitted from the antenna 11. In this case, since the use of the IC card 10 is started, the color of the display unit 16 changes. This makes it possible to determine that the IC card 10 has been used. As described above, the IC card 10 has a wireless communication function, an information control function, an information storage function, and a display function.

The IC card 10 of the present invention is manufactured as follows. First, as shown in FIG. 2, the above-described IC 2 is bonded and fixed to a portion of the polyester substrate 1 having a thickness of 250 μm, which is formed in advance in the concave portion. Substrate 1 on which IC 2 is fixed
The working electrode 5 and the counter electrode 6 for display and the power supply terminal 2A of the IC 2 and the lead wire 3 connecting these electrodes are formed by screen printing (the antenna coil is omitted in FIG. 2).

Next, a gel obtained by suspending heptylviologen dibromide, polyethylene oxide and KBr in propylene carbonate is formed into a film by a screen printing method so as to cover the working electrode 5 and the counter electrode 6. Molding. The thickness of this film was about 15 μm, and the display element 4 was formed. This state is shown in FIG.

A signal is sent from the terminal device to the IC 2 so that a DC voltage of 2 V (negative on the working electrode 5 side and positive on the opposite electrode 6 side) is applied to the power supply terminal to the display element 4 of the IC card 10 for about 2 seconds. The film on the working electrode 5 changes from white,
It was confirmed that the color changed to purple.

[0030]

As described above, in a non-contact type IC card, by using a display element utilizing an electrochemical reaction as a display function on the card, a special terminal device can be used without contact with the terminal device. It is possible to easily and inexpensively display information (use record and memo) on the card as a visible information without using an additional device, using a small amount of power and using a small amount of power.

Further, the display element utilizing the electrochemical reaction utilizes an electrochemical oxidation or reduction reaction, so that multi-color display is possible by changing the material or the applied voltage.

Further, a display element utilizing an electrochemical reaction has, as constituent elements, a display portion of which includes a working electrode, a counter electrode, an electrochromic material which develops or changes color by electrical oxidation or reduction, and an electrolyte. Since the chromic material contains a viologen compound, it can be formed by screen printing or the like.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective external view showing an embodiment of an IC card according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an internal configuration of the display element of the embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of an IC card according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Substrate 2 IC 2A Power supply terminal 3 Lead wire 4 Display element 5 Working electrode 6 Counter electrode 10 IC card 11 Antenna 12 Interface section 13 Control section 14 Power storage section 15 Memory section 16 Display section

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Takayoshi Hayashi Inventor, Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation 3-9-1, Nishi-Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo (72) Inventor Hideki Nakajima 3-192, Nishi-Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo No. Japan Telegraph and Telephone Corporation

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A wireless communication function for transmitting and receiving data to and from a terminal device and receiving power, an information control function for controlling data stored in a card, an information storage function for storing data, and displaying data. A non-contact type IC card having a display function of performing a non-contact type IC card, wherein a display element utilizing an electrochemical reaction is used as the display function. 2. The non-contact type IC card according to claim 1, wherein the display element utilizing the electrochemical reaction utilizes an electrochemical oxidation or reduction reaction. 3. The display element utilizing the electrochemical reaction includes, as constituent elements, a display portion of which includes a working electrode, a counter electrode, an electrochromic material which develops or changes color by electrical oxidation or reduction, and an electrolyte. 2. The non-contact type IC card according to claim 1, wherein the electrochromic material contains a viologen compound.