JPH1122825A - Gasket - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a gasket of excellent reliability and durability which can generate a high sealing precision using a simple structure and sustains an ultra-high pressure through utilization of the internal pressure of fluid. SOLUTION: A gasket 1 is equipped with a ring body having a hole 2 in the center and a joining surface 3 on each surface, an annular groove or grooves 4 formed at the peripheral wall surface 2a of the hole 2, a tight contacting piece 5 formed on at least either of the joining surfaces 3 through the groove(s) 4, and a ridge or ridges 6 formed on that side of the contacting piece 5 where the joining surface 3 exists. The depth of the groove 4 should range between 2-15 mm, preferably between 3-10 mm, depending upon the material of the ring body, shape of the part 5, etc.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a gasket for sealing and preventing leakage of a fluid from inside a machine or a device, and intrusion of fluid or dust from the outside.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Heretofore, the following gaskets have been known as gaskets for sealing and preventing leakage of fluid from the inside from the connecting portions and sealing portions of machines and devices, and intrusion of fluid and dust from the outside. Widely used. a, an O-ring for providing a mounting groove on one of the contact surfaces such as a connecting portion or a sealing portion of a machine or a device, and mounting the connecting portion or the sealing portion etc. in a slightly crushed state beforehand to seal the connecting portion or the sealing portion. b. A packing used for sealing a connection portion or a sealing portion between contacting surfaces of a connection portion or a sealing portion of a machine or a device and for applying a pressure higher than an O-ring. c, A liquid gasket that fills a concave portion of a contact surface such as a connection portion or a sealing portion of a machine or a device and bonds both surfaces of the connection portion or the sealing portion. In addition, O and O in connection parts and sealing parts of machines and devices, etc.
The following is disclosed as a sealing structure using a packing such as a ring or a gasket or other gaskets. d. A combination of two flanged knife edges and one flanged knife disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 60-58958 (hereinafter referred to as "A"), and a gasket is provided between the flanges. Vacuum sealing structure with a wedge effect between knife edges by inserting and compressing. e, a plurality of projections for pressing against the inner wall surface of a concave hole formed in the end face of the flange joint are formed at a plurality of positions on the peripheral edge of the metal gasket disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 61-109980 (hereinafter referred to as "B"). Metal gasket for vacuum seal. f, a pressure supporting element sealing device disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-505788 (hereinafter referred to as "C" publication) in which the gap on the downstream side of the O-ring is substantially eliminated. g, the amount of screwing between the female screw portion of the push ring and the male screw portion of the first tube, disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open Publication No. 8-1500 (hereinafter referred to as Japanese Patent Publication No. A pipe connection structure that is regulated by abutting against the regulation surface. h, a configuration disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-60731 (hereinafter referred to as “E”), in which the number of empty winding portions of the hoop material is increased to 5 and that of the hoop material, or the welding fixing portion of the hoop material is circular. A spiral gasket having a structure provided at four locations where the circumference is divided at equal intervals.

[0003]

However, the above-mentioned conventional gasket and seal structure have the following problems. When an O-ring is used, if the fluid pressure is higher than the specified value, the O-ring protrudes into gaps such as the contact surface and breaks, so that it cannot withstand ultra-high pressure and the like, and the operating conditions are limited. Chip. In addition, the O-ring must be replaced with a new O-ring every time the O-ring is deteriorated or the device is disassembled and reassembled, and the durability and convenience are lacking. When packing is used, it is necessary to repeat tightening diagonally and increase the tightening torque to an appropriate tightening torque when sandwiching it in the connection part or sealing part of the machine or equipment, and the mounting workability and workability are lacking . In addition, during the diagonal tightening operation, one-sided tightening of the packing that locally compresses abnormally easily occurs, and the mounting operation is complicated. In addition, when installing the packing, it is easy to cause excessive compression of the packing. Chip. Further, the packing must be replaced with a new one each time the packing is deteriorated or the device is disassembled or reassembled, and the durability and convenience are lacking. Since the liquid gasket has a weak sealing force, it can be used only for an application having a small force to break a sealed state, and cannot be used for an ultra-high pressure and lacks versatility and convenience. In the vacuum seal structure described in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. H06-27139 and the metal gasket for vacuum seal application described in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. H02-27, when a gasket is inserted between two flanges and compressed, diagonal tightening is repeated to increase to an appropriate tightening torque. It is necessary to repeat the tightening work, lacking workability and workability,
Lack of high pressure durability. In addition, when the gasket is twisted when the gasket is attached, the sealing accuracy is reduced.
Further, the precision of both sides of the flange that sandwiches the gasket is required, and the sealing precision is affected by the precision of both sides of the flange, and the reliability of sealing is lacking. Further, the conventional metal gasket lacks familiarity after mounting and lacks sealing reliability when sealing a gas body. In the sealing device for the pressure support element described in the publication No. C and the pipe connection structure described in the publication No. D, sealing is performed using an O-ring or packing, so that the fluid pressure and the operating temperature of the O-ring and packing are higher than specified. If the pressure is too high, the O-ring and the packing will be damaged, so that it cannot withstand ultra-high pressure and the like, and lacks the reliability and durability of sealing. In addition, the structure of the connecting members and pipes is complicated and lacks productivity, and the O-ring and packing are deteriorated, and the O-ring and packing need to be replaced with new O-ring and packing every time the equipment is disassembled and reassembled. Lack of convenience. The spiral gasket described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Publication No. H11-27095 has a complicated structure, is difficult to be mounted at a predetermined position, and lacks mounting workability. In addition, it is necessary to repeat diagonal tightening at the time of mounting work to increase the tightening torque to an appropriate tightening torque, and thus the workability and workability are lacking. Further, when the gasket is twisted when the gasket is mounted, the sealing accuracy is reduced.

[0004] The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems by applying the principle of Pascal, achieving a high sealing accuracy with a simple structure, and being able to withstand an ultra-high pressure utilizing the internal pressure of a fluid. It is an object to provide a gasket excellent in reliability and durability.

[0005]

To solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, the gasket of the present invention has the following configuration. The gasket according to claim 1 of the present invention has an annular body having a hole in the center and a joining surface on both surfaces, one or more annular grooves formed on the peripheral wall surface of the hole, A close contact piece formed on at least one of the joining surfaces via a groove, and one or more ridges formed on the joining surface side of the close contact piece; It has a configuration. With this arrangement, when the connection or sealing of the machine or the device is performed by arranging at a predetermined position on the connection surface or the sealing surface of the connection portion or the sealing portion of the machine or the device in the same manner as the conventional gasket, the ridge portion is formed. Has an effect that the contact portion and the sealing portion are elastically deformed and bent, and the connection portion and the sealing portion can be sealed by the reaction force of the contact portion. In addition, when used for connecting or sealing parts such as pipes through which liquids such as water and oil, or fluids such as steam, gas and air flow, the pressure of the fluid is evenly distributed inside the annular groove by the principle of Pascal. Because of this,
Due to the internal pressure applied to the annular groove, the reaction force of the close contact piece increases, and the elastically deformed close contact piece can be firmly contacted by the connection surface or the sealing surface when the gasket is attached, and the gasket can be sealed. Have. In addition, the higher the internal pressure, the greater the reaction force of the close contact piece, so that the sealing performance at the connection portion, the close portion, and the like can be improved, and the device can sufficiently cope with ultra-high pressure.

Here, as the shape of the hole or the annular body, a circle, an ellipse, a polygon such as a triangle or a quadrangle or the like is used depending on the application such as a low pressure or an ultra high pressure. Examples of the material of the annular body include malleable cast iron, carbon steel, alloy steel, stainless steel, aluminum, brass, copper and other metal materials and hard vinyl chloride, polyethylene, polyethylene, polyamide, polyester,
A synthetic resin such as polysulfone or the like is used, and is appropriately selected depending on the usage of the gasket. Further, it is desirable that the annular groove is formed with a width larger than the amount of elastic deformation of one or both close contact pieces. The depth of the annular groove is appropriately determined according to the material of the annular body, the shape of the close contact piece, and the number of the annular grooves. Further, as the cross-sectional shape of the ridge, a semi-circular shape is preferably used,
Any shape such as a triangular shape or a square shape may be used. The height of the ridge is appropriately determined according to the material of the annular body, the shape and size of the close contact piece, and the width and depth of the annular groove. Also,
When the protruding ridge is formed on the edge side of the close contact piece, the close contact piece is easily elastically deformed according to the shape of the connection surface, the sealing surface, etc., and the close contact piece with a small force. Can be elastically deformed. A bolt insertion hole into which the gasket mounting bolt is inserted may be formed on the outer peripheral side of the joint surface of the annular body, or a bolt mounting portion having a bolt insertion hole near the center may be formed outside the annular body. It may be formed in a bulging shape at a plurality of locations on the periphery. The mounting workability of the gasket can be improved.

[0007] The gasket according to claim 2 of the present invention comprises:
An annular body having a hole in the center and having a joining surface on both sides, one or more annular grooves formed on the peripheral wall surface of the hole, and at least one of the joining surfaces via the annular groove And a close contact piece formed so that an edge of the hole protrudes outward from the joint surface. As a result, when a machine or device is connected or sealed by being arranged at a predetermined position on a connection surface or a sealing surface such as a connection portion or a sealing portion of a machine or device in the same manner as a conventional gasket, a close contact is achieved. Since the edge portion of the piece comes into contact with the connection surface, the sealing surface, or the like, the close contact piece is elastically deformed and bent, so that the reaction force of the close contact piece can seal the connection, the seal, and the like. Having. In addition, when used in a connection portion or a sealing portion such as a pipe through which a fluid such as water or oil, a vapor, a gas, or a slurry flows, the pressure of the fluid is uniformly applied to the inside of the annular groove by the principle of Pascal. Therefore, the reaction force of the close contact piece increases due to the internal pressure applied to the annular groove, and the close contact piece elastically deformed at the time of mounting the gasket can be firmly contacted with the connection surface, the sealing surface, etc., and can be sealed. Has an action. In addition, the higher the internal pressure, the greater the reaction force of the close contact piece, so that the sealing performance at the connection portion and the sealing portion can be improved, and the device can sufficiently cope with ultra-high pressure. Here, as the close contact piece, it is sufficient that the edge of the close contact piece on the joining surface side protrudes above the joint surface at the hole, and the close contact piece faces the hole side. , May be formed thicker or thinner, or may be formed to a uniform thickness. Further, the angle between the close contact piece and the groove of the annular groove is appropriately determined according to the material of the annular body, the connecting portion contacting the close contact piece, and the sealing portion. Further, the joint portion between the close contact piece and the groove of the annular groove may be formed with a radius. The buckling of the close contact piece can be prevented.

[0008] The gasket according to claim 3 of the present invention comprises:
In the invention described in claim 1 or 2, the annular groove has:
It has a configuration in which the opening side is formed wider than the bottom side. Since the base of the close contact piece is formed thicker than the hole side, the mechanical strength can be increased as compared with the case where the close contact piece has a uniform thickness. . In addition, since the hole side is inclined, the pressing area of the fluid can be enlarged, and a high degree of sealing can be obtained. Since the bending stress of the close contact piece can be dispersed by the thickness of the base, the durability can be improved.

[0009] The gasket according to claim 4 of the present invention comprises:
The invention according to claim 2 or 3 has a configuration provided with one or a plurality of ridges formed on the bonding surface side of the close contact piece. Thereby, it is possible to form a contact between the close contact piece portion and a connection surface or a sealing surface of a connection portion of a machine or a device, a sealing portion, or the like, and has an effect that high sealing accuracy can be obtained. Instead of forming the protruding ridge, the edge of the close contact piece may be chamfered or rounded to make contact with the connection surface, the sealing surface, or the like. The contact with the connection surface and the sealing surface is improved, and the sealing performance can be improved.

[0010] The gasket according to claim 5 of the present invention comprises:
5. The invention according to claim 1, wherein one of the close contact pieces extends from a peripheral wall surface of the hole to the inside of the hole from the joint surface. Configuration. Thereby, each close contact piece is elastically deformed and bent in the axial direction, and the close contact piece can be tightly sealed to the connection surface by the reaction force of the close contact piece, so that the gasket can be formed in a pipe diameter. It has an effect that it can be used for connection or sealing of different pipes and the like. In addition, liquids such as water and oil, steam, gas,
When used in a connection or sealing part of a pipe or the like through which a fluid such as slurry flows, the pressure of the fluid is evenly distributed between the inside of the annular groove and the peripheral wall surface of the hole and the close contact piece by the principle of Pascal. For this reason, the reaction force of each of the close contact portions elastically deformed at the time of mounting the gasket increases due to the internal pressure, so that the contact portions can more firmly contact the connection surface, the sealing surface, and the like, and have an effect of being able to seal. In addition, the higher the internal pressure, the greater the reaction force of the close contact piece, so that the sealing performance at the connection portion and the sealing portion can be improved, and the device can sufficiently cope with ultra-high pressure. Here, the intersection angle between the peripheral wall surface of the hole and the close contact piece is appropriately determined according to the material of the annular body, the connecting portion contacting the close contact piece, and the sealing portion. Further, the joint between the peripheral wall surface of the hole and the close contact piece may be formed by adding a radius. The buckling of the close contact piece can be prevented.

[0011] The gasket according to claim 6 of the present invention comprises:
The invention according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a height of a plurality of ridges formed on the close contact piece is higher on the hole side and further away from the hole side. It has a low configuration. Thereby, each of the ridge portions can be brought into contact with the connection surface, the sealing surface, or the like, and has an effect of improving the sealing performance.

[0012]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Embodiment 1 A gasket according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 (a)
1 is an overall perspective view of a gasket according to Embodiment 1, and FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view of a main part of the gasket according to Embodiment 1. In the drawing, reference numeral 1 denotes a gasket of an annular body according to the first embodiment used for piping of a boiler or the like used in a chemical plant factory or the like, 2 denotes a hole formed in the center of the gasket 1, and 2a denotes a periphery of the hole 2. The wall surface 3 is a joint surface on both surfaces of the gasket 1, 4 is an annular groove formed on the peripheral wall surface 2a, 5 is a close contact piece formed on both joint surfaces 3 through the annular groove 4, and 6 is a close contact member. It is a ridge formed concentrically around the hole 2 on the joint surface 3 side of the contact piece 5. The depth of the annular groove 4 is 2 mm to 15 mm, preferably 3 mm to 10 m, depending on the material of the annular body and the shape of the close contact piece 5.
m is appropriately determined. As the depth of the annular groove 4 becomes smaller than 3 mm, depending on the material of the annular body, there is a tendency that the amount of deflection is small and it is difficult to obtain a strong reaction force.
As the depth became deeper than 0 mm, there was a tendency that processing was difficult and productivity was lacking. Further, the opening width of the annular groove 4 was formed to be larger than both bending amounts of the both close contact pieces 5 formed on both the joining surfaces 3 of the gasket 1. Thereby, while the joining part of two flange pipes can be firmly sealed, one-sided tightening can be prevented. The height of the ridge 6 is preferably 0.1 mm to 1.5 mm, preferably 0.1 mm, depending on the material of the annular body and the shape and size of the close contact piece 5.
It is appropriately determined to be 5 mm to 0.8 mm. The height of the ridge 6 depends on the material of the gasket 1 and the like, but the height is 0.15 m.
m, the amount of deflection becomes smaller and a strong reaction force tends to be hardly obtained, and as the height becomes larger than 0.8 mm, the amount of deflection becomes too large and the base of the close contact piece 5 is Fluctuations in the flow velocity of the fluid, turbulence, and shock waves tend to cause metal fatigue and mechanical strength.

Next, a gasket according to an application of the first embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a main part of a gasket according to an application example of the first embodiment. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 1 'denotes a gasket of an application example of the first embodiment,
a is an annular groove formed with the bottom 4b formed into a curved surface and the opening side is wider than the bottom 4b, 4c is an annular groove wall surface of the annular groove 4a, and 6a, 6b, and 6c are holes similar to the ridge 6. A convex ridge portion formed around the portion 2 and α is an opening angle of the annular groove 4a. The bottom 4b may be formed in a U-shape in cross section as shown in FIG. 1, or may be formed by providing a curved surface as shown in FIG. When the gasket 1 'is mounted between the flange connection surfaces of the pipe connection portion and pressed against each other, the bottom 4
By forming b in a round shape, the contact portion 5 can be elastically deformed with a small force and formed into a curved surface, so that the occurrence of local metal fatigue of the bottom 4b can be prevented.
The annular groove wall surfaces 4c may be formed in parallel to each other, or may be formed in an expanded shape toward the opening side at the expansion angle α. Bottom 4b
Reaction force can be strengthened. Spreading angle α is 0.1 °
The angle is formed at about 30 °, preferably at about 0.6 ° to 10 °. As the expansion angle α becomes smaller than 0.6 °, machining becomes more difficult, and depending on the depth of the annular groove 4a and the mechanical strength of the material, a large force tends to be required for the elastic deformation of the close contact piece 5. Also, as the spread angle α becomes larger than 10 °, the thickness of the close contact piece 5 on the side of the hole 2 becomes thinner, so that abrasion or the like due to eddy current of a high-speed fluid easily occurs, and the mechanical strength is reduced. A tendency to decrease, especially less than 0.1 ° or 30 °.
If the angle exceeds °, this tendency is recognized, so that it is limited by the material and the like and lacks universality. The diameters of the ridges 6, 6a, 6b, 6c may be the same or different. The height may be the same, but the ridges 6a, 6 outside the hole 2 may be formed.
It is desirable that c be formed lower than the ridges 6, 6b. The height of the ridges 6a, 6c is set to
It is preferable that the joint surface 3 of the gasket 1 'is formed at a height close to the flange connection surface when the gasket 1b is bent. This is to completely prevent the ultra-high pressure fluid from leaking from the flange connection surface. When the diameter of the gasket 1 ′ is large, three or more ridges 6 may be formed on one surface of the close contact piece 5.

Next, the gasket 1 according to the first embodiment will be described.
The state of use will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a main part showing a use state of the gasket according to the first embodiment. In FIG. 3, reference numerals 7, 7 'denote flange pipes of piping such as a boiler, 8, 8' denote flanges of flange pipes 7, 7 ', and 8a, 8'a denote flanges 8, 8' opposed to each other via a gasket 1. The flange connection surfaces 9, 9 'are the pipes of the flange pipes 7, 7' through which a pressure fluid such as liquid such as water or oil, steam, gas, slurry or the like flows, and 10 is the flange 8, 9 via the gasket 1. Bolt connecting 8 ', 11
Is a nut of the bolt 10. The operation of the gasket 1 according to the first embodiment configured as described above will be described below. The flange connection surfaces 8a of the flange pipes 7, 7 '
The gasket 1 is arranged between 8'a and the flanges 8, 8 'are fastened with bolts 10 and nuts 11 to form flange pipes 7, 7'.
Connect. Flange 8 with bolt 10 and nut 11,
As the 8 'is tightened, the close contact piece 5 of the gasket 1 bends, and the ridge 6 comes into close contact with the flange connection surfaces 8a, 8'a by the reaction force of the close contact piece 5. After the bolt 10 is tightened with the nut 11 until the joint surfaces 3 and 3 of the gasket 1 abut against the flange connection surfaces 8a and 8'a, when a gas, a liquid, a slurry or the like flows through the pipes 9 and 9 ', Since the pressure of the fluid is transmitted to the annular groove 4 based on the principle of Pascal, the close contact piece 5
In addition to the reaction force, the ridge 6 is strongly pressed against the flange connection surfaces 8a, 8'a by the pressure of the fluid applied to the annular groove 4, and the flange connection surfaces 8a, 8'a are completely sealed.

Hereinafter, results of evaluation of sealing performance performed using the gasket of Embodiment 1 will be described. (Experimental Examples 1 and 2) FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing an evaluation test of sealing performance. 1 and 3 are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. In the figure, 12 is a blind flange, 13 is a flange having an inlet 13a formed substantially at the center, 14 is a water supply pump, 15 is a pipe connecting the water supply pump 14 and the inlet 13a of the flange 13, and 16 is a pipe 15 Is a pressure gauge connected to. As a test gasket, the height of the ridge 6 from the joint surface 3 is 0.2 mm,
The curvature of the ridge 6 is 2 mm, and the thickness of the close contact piece 5 is 2 m.
m, a gasket 1 having a width of the annular groove 4 of 1.0 mm and a thickness of 5 mm between the two joining surfaces 3 is prepared, and is disposed between the blind flange 12 and the flange 13 as shown in FIG. With four bolts 10 and nuts 11. A water pressure of 30 atg was applied by a water supply pump 14 through a pipe 15 and held for 10 minutes. As a result, no leakage was detected from the joint between the blind flange 12 and the flange 13 and the gasket 1. Also, after disassembling and reassembling the connection part, the same test was performed. As a result, even if the disassembly and reassembly were repeated five times, leakage from the connection part between the blind flange 12 and the flange 13 and the gasket 1 was detected. Was not done. Next, the height of the ridge 6 from the joint surface 3 is 0.2 mm, the curvature of the ridge 6 is 2 mm, the thickness of the close contact piece 5 is 4 mm,
The width of the annular groove 4 is 1.0 mm, and the thickness between both joint surfaces 3 is 9 m.
using a gasket 1 formed at a pressure of 60 atg
As a result, no leak was detected from the connection between the blind flange 12, the flange 13, and the gasket 1 in any case.

Next, the relationship between the pressure of the pressure fluid and the reaction force of the close contact piece 5 will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between the pressure of the pressure fluid and the contact reaction force of the close contact piece. In the figure, the horizontal axis represents the pressure of the pressure fluid, and the vertical axis represents the contact reaction force of the close contact piece 5. As shown in FIG. 5, when the pressure of the pressurized fluid is 0 atg, the gasket 1 is mounted between the blind flange 12 and the flange 13. Only the force acts as the close contact force of the close contact piece 5, and the pressure of the pressure fluid is applied to the inside of the annular groove 4 by the principle of Pascal as the pressure of the pressurized fluid increases. The reaction force of the contact increases. When the pressure is reduced, the annular groove 4
Is lower than the pressure applied between the joint surfaces 3 of the close contact piece 5 and the blind flanges 12 and 13, as shown in FIG. 5, the close reaction force of the close contact piece 5 is reduced. Decrease.

Since the gasket according to the first embodiment is configured as described above, it has the following operation. By arranging the gasket between the flange connection surfaces of the opposed flanges and tightening the opposed flanges with bolts and nuts, an axial force is applied to the ridges of the gasket abutting the flange connection surface. The contact portion can be elastically deformed in the axial direction and flexed, so that the reaction force of the elastically deformed contact portion can strongly contact the ridge and the flange connection surface, and the flange connection surface It has the effect of being able to be sealed. In addition, when a high-pressure fluid such as liquid such as water or oil, steam, gas, or slurry flows into the pipe, the pressure of the pressurized fluid is applied to the wall surface of the annular groove inside the annular groove by the principle of Pascal. The reaction force of the close contact piece elastically deformed by the internal pressure applied to the inner wall surface of the annular groove can be increased, and the tight contact piece can be more tightly sealed to the flange connection surface. . In addition, since the protruding ridges and the closely contacting pieces are tightly sealed between the connecting surfaces by utilizing the reaction force of the closely contacting pieces, the gasket is replaced with a new one every time the pipe is disassembled and reassembled. This has the effect that the same gasket can be used repeatedly without replacement. In addition, since the close contact piece can be elastically deformed in the axial direction, the ridge portion can flexibly correspond to the flange connection surface in accordance with the shape of the flange connection surface and has an effect of being able to closely contact the flange connection surface. In addition, even when vibration is applied to the flange, the close contact piece can follow the vibration and the convex contact can always be in close contact with the connection surface by the reaction force of the close contact piece. Has the effect of preventing loosening of the tightening of the bolts connected to. By opening the opening side of the peripheral wall surface of the hole of the annular groove from the bottom of the annular groove and providing an opening angle, it is possible to prevent the mechanical strength of the bottom of the annular groove from being deteriorated. Forming a plurality of ridges on each joint surface and lowering the ridges further away from the hole side has an effect of further increasing the sealing degree.

(Embodiment 2) A gasket according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a main part of a gasket according to the second embodiment. Note that the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted. In the drawing, reference numeral 17 denotes an annular gasket according to the second embodiment used for a high-pressure pipe used in a chemical plant factory or a power plant, etc.
The center part 4d, 4e formed in the same manner as the gasket 1
7, an annular groove formed on the peripheral wall surface 2a of the central hole 2 via the central portion 3a, and 18 is an annular groove 4d of the gasket 17,
4e is a sampling pipe arranged between 4e. The width of the annular grooves 4d and 4e is larger than the amount of deflection of one of the close contact pieces 5, and the depth of the annular grooves 4d and 4e is the gasket 17 and the connection surface of the gasket 17 that is in contact with the gasket 17. It depends on the material, the amount of bending of the close contact piece 5, and the like, and the annular grooves 4d and 4e may have different depths and widths. The gasket 17 according to the second embodiment configured as described above
Is used between the flange connection surfaces of the opposed flange pipes and the flange is fastened with bolts and nuts, as in the first embodiment. Further, the gasket 1 of the first embodiment
Since the thickness between the two joining surfaces 3 is larger, it can be used also when the interval between the flanges is wide, or when the sampling pipe 18 is provided on the gasket 17 as shown in FIG.

Since the gasket of the second embodiment is configured as described above, it has the following operation in addition to the operation of the first embodiment. Because two annular grooves are formed,
Since the width and depth of the annular groove can be changed according to the material and thickness of each close contact piece, even when connecting different materials and the like via the gasket, the close contact piece can be used. This has the effect that the amount of elastic deformation and the reaction force of the close contact piece can be adjusted in accordance with the material of the connection surface such as a flange that comes into contact with the member, and sealing can be achieved. In addition, there is an effect that the spacer can be used also in a case where a flange connection surface such as a flange is wide. In addition, the high pressure of the pressure fluid is applied to the groove of each annular groove by the ultra-high pressure fluid such as liquid, steam, gas, and slurry such as water and oil in the pipe body according to the principle of Pascal, and is applied to the groove wall surface of the annular groove. The reaction force of the close contact piece elastically deformed by the internal pressure can be increased, and the close contact piece can be firmly brought into close contact with both flange connection surfaces of the flanges, so that sealing can be performed even at an ultra-high pressure. Since the close contact piece is formed through the central portion, only the bending stress of one close contact piece is applied to each bottom of each annular groove, so that the opening width of the annular groove can be reduced and the mechanical strength can be reduced. It has the effect of being able to improve.

Embodiment 3 A gasket according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a main part of a gasket according to the third embodiment. In the figure, reference numeral 19 denotes an annular gasket according to the third embodiment which is used for high-pressure piping used in a chemical plant or a power plant, etc., reference numeral 20 denotes a hole formed in the center of the gasket 19, and reference numeral 20a denotes a periphery of the hole 20. A wall surface, 21 is a joint surface on both surfaces of the gasket 19, 22 is an annular groove formed on the peripheral wall surface 20 a, 23 is a joint surface 21 through the annular groove 22, and an edge portion of the hole 20 protrudes from the joint surface 20. 23a is a close contact surface of the close contact piece 23,
Reference numeral 24 denotes a protruding ridge formed on the edge 20a of the close contact piece 23, and reference numeral 25 denotes a bonding surface 2 on the outer peripheral side of the gasket 19.
1 is an angle of intersection between the close contact surface 23 a of the close contact piece 23 and the joint surface 21. β is 1
It is formed at 79.5 ° to 170 °. In addition, the ridge portion 2
Instead of forming 4, the edge of the close contact piece 23 may be formed at an acute angle or chamfered. Alternatively, only the bolt insertion hole 25 may be formed so as to protrude from the gasket 19 main body in a bulging shape, and the bolt insertion hole 25 may be formed in the bulging portion. The gasket can be made compact and the cost can be reduced. The gasket 19 of the third embodiment configured as described above is disposed between the flange connection surfaces of the opposed flange pipes and the bolt is inserted into the bolt insertion hole 25 of the gasket 19, similarly to the first embodiment. It is used by fastening opposed flanges with bolts and nuts via a gasket 19.

Since the gasket according to the third embodiment is configured as described above, it has the following operation. Since the edge on the hole side of the close contact piece of the gasket protrudes from the joint surface at a predetermined inclination angle, the close contact piece can elastically deform in the axial direction by contact with the flange connection surface, By arranging the gasket between the opposed flange connection surfaces and tightening the flange, the close contact piece can be elastically deformed in the axial direction to be bent, and the opposite of the elastically deformed close contact piece can be performed. The ridge and flange connection surface can be firmly and closely contacted by force.
This has the effect that the flange connection surface can be sealed. In addition, when a high-pressure fluid such as a liquid such as water or oil, or a gas or a slurry such as steam or gas flows in the pipe, the pressure of the pressure fluid is applied to the inside of the annular groove by the principle of Pascal, and the annular groove is pressed. The reaction force of the close contact piece elastically deformed by the internal pressure applied to the groove can be increased, and the close contact piece can be tightly sealed to the flange connection surface. Further, since the gasket is provided with the bolt insertion holes on the outer peripheral side, it is possible to easily determine the mounting position of the gasket and to prevent the gasket from being displaced when the gasket is mounted. In addition, since the protruding ridges and the closely contacting pieces are tightly sealed between the connecting surfaces by utilizing the reaction force of the closely contacting pieces, the gasket is replaced every time the pipe is disassembled and reassembled. It has the effect that the same gasket can be used repeatedly without the need.

Fourth Embodiment A gasket according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention used for a short pipe of a high-pressure vessel used in a chemical plant or the like and a pipe having a different pipe diameter will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing a usage state of the gasket according to the fourth embodiment, and FIGS.
FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional end view of a main part on the hole side of a gasket according to a modification of the fourth embodiment. Note that the same components as those in Embodiments 1 to 3 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted. In the figure,
26 is a flange pipe at the inlet and outlet of a high-pressure vessel such as a reactor, 2
6a is a connection surface of the flange pipe 26, 27 is a flange pipe 26
, A flange pipe having a smaller pipe diameter than the flange pipe 26, 27 a is a connection surface of the flange pipe 27, and 28 is a ring-shaped body in the fourth embodiment arranged between the connection faces 26 a and 27 a of the flange pipes 26 and 27. Gasket, 29 is a hole formed in the center of gasket 28, 29 a is a peripheral wall surface of hole 29, 30 is a joining surface on both surfaces of gasket 28, 31 is an annular groove formed on peripheral wall surface 29 a, 32 is an annular groove A close contact piece portion 33 formed on the joint surface 30 on the connection surface 26a side via 31 is a protrusion extending coaxially from the joint surface 30 to the inside of the hole 29 from the peripheral wall surface 29a. The close contact piece 34 is a ridge formed on the joint surface 30 side of the close contact piece 32 and the protruding close contact piece 33, and a hole 35 is formed on the joint face 30 on the outer peripheral side of the gasket 28. Bolt insertion hole, γ is the peripheral wall 9a and an intersection angle of the joint portion of the closely contact piece portion 33. The intersection angle γ is determined by the gasket 28 and the connection surface 2.
It is determined according to the material of 6a, 27a. In FIG. 9A, the protruding close contact piece 33 is formed so as to be inclined outwardly of the bonding surface 30, the end thereof is formed at an acute angle, and the protruding close contact piece 33 is circumferentially formed. intersection angle gamma ₁ wall 29a is formed slightly larger than 90 °. Thereby, a strong reaction force can be obtained. (B) the crossing angle gamma ₂ is formed smaller than 90 ° with the protruded closely contact piece portion 33 is formed thicker as the go hole side.
Thereby, the fluid contact surface 33 ′ of the protruding close contact piece 33 is formed.
Is formed widely, so that a stronger reaction force can be obtained using the pressure of the high-pressure fluid. (C) is the peripheral wall 29
a is formed in a round shape. As a result, the base of the protruding close contact piece 33 is formed widely, so that buckling of the protruding close contact piece 33 can be prevented, and metal fatigue due to disturbance in the flow velocity of the high-pressure fluid and the like can be reduced. be able to.

As described above, the gasket according to the fourth embodiment is configured, and thus has the following operation in addition to the operation of the first to third embodiments. One close contact piece extends from the peripheral surface of the hole to the inside of the hole from the joint surface, so even when connecting pipes with different diameters, the close contact piece of the gasket ensures It has the effect of being able to seal. In addition, it is possible to apply an axial force to the protruding ridge of the gasket that abuts on the connection surface of the opposed flange pipe, thereby elastically deforming the closely contacting piece in the axial direction to bend and deform. Due to the reaction force of the close contact piece portion, the ridge and the connection surface can be firmly and closely contacted, and the opposed flange pipes can be sealed and connected. Also, when a liquid such as water or oil, or a high-pressure fluid such as steam, gas, or slurry flows into the pipe, the groove and peripheral wall of the annular groove and the joint of the contact piece are closely adhered to each other by the principle of Pascal. The pressure of the pressurized fluid is applied, the reaction force of the close contact piece elastically deformed by the internal pressure can be increased, and further, the close contact piece can be firmly and tightly sealed to the connection surface.

Embodiment 5 A gasket according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 10 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view showing a usage state of the gasket according to the fifth embodiment. The same components as those in the first to fourth embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted. In the figure, reference numeral 36 denotes an annular gasket according to the fifth embodiment which is used for a device such as a boiler used in a chemical plant or the like, a blind plate or a cap of a high pressure vessel or the like, and 37 denotes a gasket 36.
The hole 37a is formed in the center of the hole 37a is a peripheral wall surface of the hole 37,
38a is a joint surface on the side of the close contact piece, 38b is a flat joint surface of the gasket 36, and 39 is a peripheral wall surface 37.
The annular groove formed in the a, the close contact piece 40 formed on one of the joint surfaces 38a through the annular groove 39, and the close contact piece 41 on the joint surface 38a side of the hole 37 side of the close contact piece 40. A protruding ridge portion 42 formed in a convex shape is disposed on the close contact portion 40 side of the gasket 36, and a plate such as a blind plate fastened to the flange 8 by the bolt 10, and 42 a is a close contact with the plate 42. A sealing surface 43 with the joint surface 38a on the contact piece portion 40 side is a packing disposed between the joint surface 38b on the flange pipe 7 side and the flange connection surface 8a. As shown in FIG. 10, the gasket 36 according to the fifth embodiment configured as described above is disposed on the packing 43 provided with the flat joint surface 38b on the flange connection surface 8a of the flange pipe 7 as shown in FIG. Furthermore, the plate 4 is placed on the close contact piece 40 of the gasket 36.
2, the plate 42 is fastened to the flange pipe 7 with the bolt 10 and the nut 11 via the gasket 36 and the packing 43 to seal the plate 42. As described above, since the gasket according to the fifth embodiment is configured, the bonding surface of the gasket on the side of the close contact piece contacts the sealing surface of the plate,
The other joint surface comes into contact with the packing arranged on the flange connection surface of the flange pipe, and the plate and the flange pipe are tightened with bolts. Since the one portion is elastically deformed and bent, the convex portion can be pressed against the sealing surface of the plate by the reaction force accompanying the bending, and the plate and the flange tube can be sealed. In addition, the pressure of a high-pressure fluid such as water, oil, or the like, steam, gas, or slurry flowing through the inside of the flange pipe is applied to the groove of the annular groove by the principle of Pascal, and the elastically deformed close contact piece portion is applied. The reaction force can be increased, and the ridge can be more firmly brought into close contact with the sealing surface of the plate to seal the high-pressure fluid.

[0025]

As described above, according to the gasket of the present invention, the following excellent effects can be realized. According to the first aspect of the present invention, (1) Similar to a conventional gasket, close contact only by arranging it at a predetermined position on a connecting surface of a machine or a device, a connecting surface of a sealing portion, a sealing surface, or the like. Since the protruding ridges formed on the one piece abut on the connection surface, the sealing surface, etc., the close contact piece elastically deforms in the axial direction and bends. The ridges and the close contact pieces can be pressed against the connection surface, the sealing surface, etc., and can be reliably sealed with a simple structure, and the sealing reliability is excellent. (2) Since the protruding ridges and the like are brought into close contact with the connection surface and the sealing surface by utilizing the reaction force of the close contact piece, the sealing is performed every time the device is disassembled and reassembled as in the prior art. It does not need to be replaced with a gasket, can be used repeatedly, and has excellent durability and convenience. (3) When used in a connection part of a pipe through which a pressure fluid flows in a chemical plant or the like, the pressure of a liquid such as water or oil flowing in the pipe, or the pressure of a pressure fluid such as steam, gas, or air is circular according to the principle of Pascal. Since it is located inside the groove, the reaction force of the closely contacting piece, which has been elastically deformed at the time of mounting, can be increased, the ridge and the joint surface can be pressed more firmly against the connection surface, and the seal can be securely sealed. , The reaction force of the close contact piece increases, so that it can be reliably sealed and connected even in the case of piping for ultra-high pressure fluid, and has excellent sealing reliability and durability against ultra-high pressure. Excellent safety when sealing dangerous substances such as poisonous gas. (4) Due to the ridges formed on the close contact piece, sealing can be performed flexibly and reliably according to the shape of the connection surface and the sealing surface of the connecting portion of the machine and the device, the sealing portion, and the like. , Excellent responsiveness and followability to the shape of the connection and sealing parts, etc.
It does not require high precision on the connection surface or sealing surface, etc., and has excellent workability. (5) Since the close contact piece can be elastically deformed in the axial direction, the close contact piece always follows the vibration even when vibration or the like is applied to a connection portion or a sealing portion of a machine or a device, and is always connected. It can be in close contact with the surface and the sealing surface, and high sealing accuracy can be obtained. In addition, a reaction force is always applied to the bolt tightening the connection portion and the sealing portion via the gasket, so that the bolt is loosened by so-called self-locking. And excellent sealing reliability. According to the second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effect of the first aspect, (6) since the close contact piece is substantially flush with the inner diameter of the hole, the inner peripheral wall of the hole and the inner peripheral wall of the flange pipe are formed. Since they are provided flush with each other, it is possible to prevent turbulence such as eddy currents from occurring, to prevent abrasion in the pipe, and to improve the diameter of a pipe such as a flange pipe and the durability of a gasket. According to the third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effects of the first or second aspect, (7) since the bottom side of the annular groove is formed thick, a strong reaction force of the close contact piece is obtained. And the sealing performance can be improved. (8) Since the base portion of the close contact piece is formed thicker than the hole side, the mechanical strength can be increased as compared with the case where the close contact piece has a uniform thickness. . (9) Since the hole side is inclined, it is possible to enlarge the pressing area of the fluid and obtain a high degree of sealing. (10) The bending stress of the close contact piece can be dispersed by the thickness of the base portion, so that the durability can be improved. According to the fourth aspect of the invention, in addition to the effects of the second or third aspect, (11) the close contact piece portion may be connected to a connection surface or a sealing surface of a connection portion or a sealing portion of a machine or a device. It is possible to take a hit and obtain high sealing accuracy. According to the fifth aspect of the invention, in addition to the effects of the first to fourth aspects, (12) it can be used for connection of pipes having different pipe diameters, etc., which is excellent in convenience and close contact portion. Even when extending from the joint surface from the peripheral wall surface of the hole to the inside of the hole from the joint surface, the close contact piece is elastically deformed in the axial direction to be bent and reacted by the reaction force of the elastically deformed close contact piece. The connection part etc. can be sealed, and furthermore, the ridge and the joint surface can be pressed tightly against the connection surface etc. by the pressure of the pressure fluid applied to the joint part of the peripheral wall and the close contact piece, and the sealing reliability can be improved. Excellent. According to the sixth aspect of the invention, in addition to the effects of the first to fifth aspects, (13) each of the ridge portions can be brought into contact with the connection surface, the sealing surface, or the like, and high sealing performance is obtained. Can be.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1A is an overall perspective view of a gasket according to a first embodiment. FIG. 1B is a sectional view of a main part of the gasket according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a main part of a gasket of an application example of the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is an essential part perspective view showing a use state of the gasket according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing an evaluation test of sealing performance.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between the pressure of the pressure fluid and the contact reaction force of the close contact piece.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a main part of a gasket according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a main part of a gasket according to a third embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view of a main part showing a use state of a gasket according to a fourth embodiment.

9A is a cross-sectional end view of a main part of a gasket according to a modification of the fourth embodiment at the hole side. FIG. 9B is a cross-sectional end view of a main part of the gasket according to the modification of the fourth embodiment at the hole side. ) Cross-sectional end view of a main part on the hole side of a gasket according to a modification of the fourth embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view of a main part showing a use state of a gasket according to a fifth embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1, 1 'Gasket 2 Hole 2a Peripheral wall surface 3 Joining surface 3a Central portion 4, 4a Annular groove 4b Bottom 4c Annular groove wall surface 4d, 4e Annular groove 5 Close contact piece 6, 6, 6a, 6b, 6c Protrusion 7 , 7 'Flange tube 8, 8' Flange 8a, 8'a Flange connection surface 9, 9 'Tube 10 Bolt 11 Nut 12 Blind flange 13 Flange 13a Inlet 14 Water pump 15 Pipe 16 Pressure gauge 17 Gasket 18 Sampling tube Reference Signs List 19 Gasket 20 Hole 20a Peripheral wall surface 21 Joint surface 22 Annular groove 23 Close contact portion 23a Close contact surface 24 Convex ridge 25 Bolt insertion hole 26 Flange tube 26a Connection surface 27 Flange tube 27a Connection surface 28 Gasket 29 Hole 29a Peripheral wall surface 30 Joining surface 31 Annular groove 32 Close contact piece 33 Projecting close contact piece 33 'Flow Body contact surface 34 Convex ridge 35 Bolt insertion hole 36 Gasket 37 Hole 37a Peripheral wall surface 38a, 38b Joint surface 39 Annular groove 40 Close contact piece 41 Convex ridge 42 Plate 42a Seal surface 43 Seal α Spread angle β Angle γ intersection angle

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Masato Nakawa 3-12-2 Maigaoka, Kokuraminami-ku, Kitakyushu-shi, Fukuoka

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. An annular body having a hole in the center and having a joining surface on both surfaces, one or more annular grooves formed on the peripheral wall surface of the hole, and the joining surface via the annular groove. A gasket, comprising: a close contact piece formed on at least one of the above; and one or more ridges formed on the bonding surface side of the close contact piece. 2. An annular body having a hole in the center and having a joining surface on both surfaces, one or more annular grooves formed on the peripheral wall surface of the hole, and the joining surface via the annular groove. A gasket, characterized in that at least one of the gaskets includes a close contact piece formed by projecting an edge of the hole outward beyond the joint surface. 3. The annular groove is formed so that an opening side is wider than a bottom side.
The gasket described in the above. 4. The gasket according to claim 2, further comprising one or a plurality of ridges formed on the joint surface side of the close contact piece. 5. The device according to claim 1, wherein one of the close contact portions extends from a peripheral surface of the hole to an inside of the hole from the joint surface. The gasket according to any one of the above. 6. The height of a plurality of ridges formed in the close contact piece is higher on the hole side and lower as the distance from the hole side increases. 1
The gasket according to any one of Items 1 to 5, wherein