JPH11212845A - Device and method for backup data management and recording medium - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make it possible to shorten a time needed for data restoration. SOLUTION: A processor 10 uses not only a magnetic tape device 12 which is lower in speed than accessing to a hard disk device 13 and has a large capacity but also the hard disk device 13 and retains data 15 stored in the hard disk device 13 as backup data 16 when performing backup of the data 15. Also, the processor 10 registers data restoration state information for indicating whether or not a data backed up party is the magnetic tape device 12 or both with a management table 17 for every backed up data. The processor 10 shortens a time needed for recovery by giving a priority to the hard disk device 13 and performing recovery when the data of a backup object are backed up in the hard disk device 13 based on the data storage state information registered in the management table 17.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a backup data management device for backing up and recovering data,
It relates to a backup data management method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, in information processing apparatuses such as personal computers, hard disks are widely used as nonvolatile storage media mainly used. The information processing device reads out programs and data stored in the hard disk as necessary and executes various processes.
Further, the information processing device stores data obtained by various processes on a hard disk.

In an information processing apparatus, when a large amount of data to be stored is generated and the storage capacity of a hard disk is insufficient, or when the stored data is destroyed for some reason, the data is restored. In order to be able to perform such operations, data stored in a hard disk that is mainly used is backed up to another nonvolatile storage medium.

Normally, as a nonvolatile storage medium used for backup, a magnetic tape or the like having a larger capacity than a storage medium such as a hard disk used mainly is used. By using a large-capacity storage medium, a storage capacity can be reliably ensured in response to a backup request. Generally, the larger the capacity of a non-volatile storage medium,
It has the property that the time required for access is long. That is, data access to the magnetic tape requires a longer time than access to the hard disk because it uses a sequential access method.

[0005] JP-A-5-73388 and JP-A-7-56791 disclose techniques for backing up data to a magnetic tape and recovering the data as necessary, as described above.

A backup data management apparatus described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-73388 discloses a database for frequently storing a large amount of data, after backing up the data to an external medium in order to secure a free space in the database, (Fixed disk). When backing up or recovering database data, the backup date and time,
This is performed by referring to the management master in which the backup external medium identification number, the recovery date and time, and the number of times of recovery are registered.

That is, it is determined whether or not the data to be searched is stored in the database by referring to the management master. If it is determined that the data is not stored in the database, the corresponding data is read from the magnetic tape. Is recovered to a fixed disk, and when the free space of the database decreases, the management master is referred to determine the data backed up on the magnetic tape in the database, and necessary data is determined based on the result of this determination. This deletes the backed up data until the capacity is secured. The backup data management device basically requires that the data exist in either the database or the magnetic tape. If the data is backed up to the magnetic tape, the corresponding data is deleted from the database to make the database available. The capacity is secured. Data is backed up only to magnetic tape,
Naturally, data recovery is performed only from the magnetic tape to the fixed disk.

[0008] The file backup and recovery method in a distributed system described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-56791 is intended for data on a huge medium (data file group) using a distributed system to which a large number of terminals are connected. When processing operations such as input, editing, updating, etc., are performed in parallel, the required information about the processing file is registered in the management table, and a backup file is stored on a data file magnetic tape in preparation for recovery in case of system file corruption. In the event of destruction, specify the files required for recovery using the contents of the management table, read the corresponding file from the data file magnetic tape, and write it to a specific location in the data file group It has been recovered by that. In the management table, a file number, a status indicating a file change state, a file extraction date, and an MT (magnetic tape) number of an output destination are registered.

In a file backup and recovery method in a distributed system, data is read out from a plurality of media handled in each terminal in a predetermined order, integrated, and recorded on a backup magnetic tape. When a file on a medium to be handled (such as a magnetic disk) is destroyed, the recovery is performed by reading the file only from the magnetic tape.

[0010]

As described above, according to the prior art, when the storage capacity of the hard disk is insufficient, or when the stored data is destroyed for some reason, the data can be restored. When performing a backup, the backup is performed unconditionally on a magnetic tape, and when recovering, a process of reading out and writing back the corresponding file (data) only from the magnetic tape has been performed.

The time required to access a magnetic tape is, by its nature, longer than with a hard disk. In particular, when performing recovery, since the magnetic tape is a sequential access method, it is necessary to move the tape to a portion where a file (data) to be written back is recorded. Separately, the time required for access increases depending on the position of the file on the magnetic tape. That is, the time required for recovery increases.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has as its object to provide a backup data management apparatus and a backup data management method capable of reducing the time required for data restoration. I do.

[0013]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, there is provided a backup data management apparatus for backing up and recovering data, comprising: a first storage means for storing data; and a lower speed than access to the first storage means.
And a second storage unit for storing data having a larger capacity than the first storage unit, and data stored in the first storage unit, the data being stored in the first storage unit and the second storage unit. A backup unit for backing up at least the second storage unit, and for each data backed up by the backup unit, a data backup destination is only the second storage unit, or the first storage unit and the second storage unit. Based on the management table in which the data storage state information indicating either of them is registered, and the data storage state information registered in the management table, the data backed up in the first storage means is stored in the second storage means. It is characterized by comprising recovery means for performing recovery in preference to storage means.

Thus, when backing up data held in a mainly used nonvolatile recording medium (first storage means), not only the second storage means but also the second storage means is used. Also, the first storage means that requires a short access time is used together. When recovering the backed up data, if it is determined that the data to be backed up exists in the first storage unit based on the data storage state information, the data held in the first storage unit is deleted. Recovery is performed for the target. Therefore, the time required for recovery is shorter than when the data held in the second storage unit is targeted.

[0015] Further, the backup means is provided with the first
When there is free space in the storage means, data is backed up in the first storage means and the second storage means.

That is, basically, the data is reliably backed up using the second storage means provided with a large storage capacity. However, if the first storage means has a free space, the data is backed up together with the second storage means. By using it and targeting it during recovery, the time required for recovery is reduced.

Further, the backup means is provided with the first
When there is no free space in the storage unit, the data backed up in both the first storage unit and the second storage unit is determined by referring to the management table, and the corresponding data is deleted from the first storage unit. Then, after securing a free area, data is backed up to the first storage means and the second storage means.

That is, even when there is no free space in the first storage means, data that can be deleted from the first storage means is determined based on the data storage state information registered in the management table, and the corresponding data is determined. Since the free space is secured by deleting the file, the first storage unit is used as a backup destination as much as possible, and the time required for recovery is reduced.

[0019]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the system configuration of the backup data management device according to the present embodiment. The backup data management device according to the present embodiment is realized by, for example, a computer which reads a program recorded on a recording medium and whose operation is controlled by the program.

As shown in FIG. 1, a backup data management device according to the present embodiment includes a processing device 10, a display 11, a magnetic tape device 12, and a hard disk device 1.
3 and a keyboard 14.

The processing device 10 controls the entire backup data management device, and performs backup and recovery of data stored in the hard disk device 13 in accordance with a backup data management program in response to an input instruction from the keyboard 14 or the like. To perform functions. The processing device 10 uses the backup function to back up data stored in the hard disk device 13 to at least the magnetic tape device 12 of the hard disk device 13 and the magnetic tape device 12, and the hard disk device 13 has free space. In this case, or when there is data backed up on the magnetic tape device 12 even if there is no free space, and the free space can be secured by deleting the data, the data is also backed up on the hard disk device 13. In addition, the processing device 10
The recovery function allows the backup data to be backed up to the magnetic tape device 12 only or to both the magnetic tape device 12 and the hard disk device 13 (the management table 17 described later).
If the desired data is backed up in the hard disk drive 13 based on the data storage state information of the hard disk drive 13, the data in the hard disk drive 13 is preferentially recovered.
The data backup is performed, for example, in order to secure free space when a large amount of data to be stored occurs and the storage capacity of the hard disk drive 13 is insufficient, or when the data stored in the hard disk drive 13 This is done so that data can be recovered when destroyed for a reason.

The display 11 displays various kinds of information relating to the processing executed by the processing device 10. For example, characters and the like input from the keyboard 14 and the processing status at the time of data backup or recovery are displayed. It is used to provide a display for notification.

The magnetic tape device 12 has a magnetic tape (M
T) is a large-capacity nonvolatile storage device using a storage medium as the storage medium, and the hard disk device 1 under the control of the processing device 10.
3 is used for backing up the data stored in the storage device 3.
The magnetic tape device 12 has magnetic tape numbers 0, 1, 2,.
Can handle multiple magnetic tapes.

The hard disk device 13 is provided for the processing device 10.
Is mainly used as a non-volatile storage device when executing various processes, and stores programs and various data. For example, in the hard disk device 13,
Data 15 (including a database and the like) handled in various processes, backup data 1 for data 15
6. A management table 17 (details of which will be described later) in which management information relating to data backed up by the processing device 10 is registered is stored. The hard disk device 13 is physically composed of a plurality of devices, and each information (data 15, backup data 16, management table 17) may be stored in any device, or logically different in one device. It may be stored in an area.

The keyboard 14 is an input device for inputting various data such as characters to the processing device 10 and commands for defining the operation of the processing device 10.

Next, information for management of backup data registered in the management table 17 will be described. As shown in FIG. 2, the management table 17 stores, for each data to be backed up (here, for each file), a file number, a file status, data storage status information,
Information on the backup date and time and the magnetic tape number are registered in association with each other. The file number is a number assigned to identify a file (data) to be processed that has been backed up.

The file status indicates the changed state of the file. In FIG. 2, "ON" indicates that the file has been changed, and "OFF" indicates that the file has not been changed. A file whose file status is “ON” indicates that the data to be processed by the processing device 10 and the contents of the backed-up data corresponding to this data are in a mismatch state.

The data storage status information indicates whether the backed-up file is stored only in the magnetic tape device 12 or also in the hard disk device 13. In FIG. "BOTH" indicates that backup has been made to both the magnetic tape device 12 and the hard disk device 13. The backup date and time
Indicates the date and time when the backup was executed (time is omitted in FIG. 2). The magnetic tape number is a number assigned to identify on which magnetic tape the file backed up in the magnetic tape device 12 is stored.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. First, with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.
Management table 1 when (contents of file) is changed
7 will be described. The process shown in the flowchart of FIG. 3 is executed at a predetermined timing, such as when an explicit execution instruction is issued from the keyboard 14, at predetermined time intervals, or in conjunction with execution of a specific process.

The processing device 10 includes a hard disk device 13
It is checked whether the files (files with file numbers) registered in the inside management table 17 have been changed by the process executed by the application program or the like (step S11). For example, by referring to information indicating the update date and time attached to the file, if the update date and time indicated by this information is later than the backup date and time corresponding to the file registered in the management table 17, the file is updated. Is determined to have been made.

If the contents of the file have been updated, the processing device 10 changes the file status of the corresponding file number in the management table 17 from “OFF” to “O”.
N "so that it can be determined that the contents of the backed-up file are different from the contents of the current file (step S12).

On the other hand, if the content of the file has not been changed, the processing device 10 sets the file status to “O
Do not change it as it is.

The processing device 10 determines whether or not all files whose information has been registered in the management table 17 have been checked. If any unchecked files remain, the process returns to step S11. The processing of steps S11 and S12 is repeated in the same manner as described above (step S1
3).

When the examination of all the files is completed, the processing device 10 ends the process of updating the management table 17.

As described above, for a file whose information is registered in the management table 17, that is, for a file that has been backed up, the fact that the content of the file has been changed is registered as a file status in the management table 17. When backing up files stored in the hard disk device 13, only changed files that are different from the contents of the backed up files can be selected and backed up. This makes it possible to avoid meaningless backups, thereby reducing the time required for backups.

Next, with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.
The operation for backing up the data 15 (file) stored in No. 3 will be described.

First, the processing device 10 manages the management table 17 to specify a file to be backed up.
Is searched for a file number whose file status is "ON" (step S21). Processing device 10
Is for the file indicated by the searched file number.
Perform the following processing.

The processing device 10 compares the total of the data sizes of all the files to be backed up with the free space for storing the backup data in the hard disk device 13 (step S22).

As a result of the comparison, if the size of the backup data is smaller than the free space, the processing device 10 sets the magnetic tape device 12 as the data storage status information of the management table 17 for all the files to be backed up. "BOTH" indicating that the backup has been made on both the hard disk drive 13 and the hard disk drive 13 (step S
23). The processing device 10 copies the file selected in step S21 to the free space of the hard disk device 13 as backup data 16 (step S21).
24).

On the other hand, as a result of the comparison, if the size of the backup data is larger than the free space,
Determines whether "BOTH" exists in the data storage state information registered in the management table 17 (step S2).
7). That is, it is determined whether there are files backed up in both the magnetic tape device 12 and the hard disk device 13.

If "BOTH" does not exist, the processing device 10 associates the file number of the file to be backed up with the file number of the file to be backed up, and informs the data storage state information that only the magnetic tape device 12 has been backed up. The indicated “MT” is set (step S28). That is, since there is only a file backed up only in the magnetic tape device 12, there is no backup data that can be deleted in the hard disk device 13. Therefore,
Since free space cannot be secured in the hard disk device 13 and backup data cannot be newly added to the hard disk device 13, the backup destination is only the magnetic tape device 12.

On the other hand, if "BOTH" exists in the management table, the CPU 10 sets the data storage state information "B
Of the files for which "OTH" is set, the file with the oldest backup date and time is deleted from the hard disk device 13 to secure free space. Further, the processing device 10 sets the data storage state of the deleted file to “MT” (Step S30).

After the processing of step S30 is completed, the processing device 10 returns to step S22 to check the free space, and if the necessary free space is not secured, the data storage state information is processed in the same manner as described above. Of the files for which "BOTH" has been set, the file with the oldest backup date and time is deleted from the hard disk device 13 to secure free space (steps S27, S29, and S30). That is, the files that can be deleted are sequentially deleted from the oldest one until the necessary free space is secured in the hard disk device 13.

When a sufficient free space is secured, the processing device 10 performs the following for the files to be backed up.
As the data storage status information of the management table 17, "BOT
H ”(step S23), and the target file is stored in the secured
6 is copied (step S24).

Thereafter, the processing device 10 backs up all the files selected in step S21 to the magnetic tape device 12 (step S25). Further, the processing device 10 registers the magnetic tape number indicating the storage medium (magnetic tape) used in the magnetic tape device 12 for each file in the management table 17 and, since the backup has been completed, Is set from "ON" to "OFF" (step S26).

As described above, when backing up a file, if there is free space in the hard disk device 13, backup is performed not only to the magnetic tape device 12 but also to the hard disk device 13, and backup is performed to both. The backup is registered in the management table 17 as data storage state information. Even when the hard disk drive 13 does not have sufficient free space, the file in which “BOTH” is registered as the data storage status information in the management table 17 has at least the magnetic tape 12.
Since it is backed up, it is determined that the file can be deleted, and free space is secured by deleting the oldest file in order, and a new file can be backed up on the hard disk device 13.

Next, the operation when the backed up file is recovered by the recovery function will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.

First, when a file to be recovered is specified from the keyboard 14 (step S3).
1) The processing device 10 searches the management table 17 based on the file number corresponding to the specified file, and if the corresponding data storage state information is “BOTH” or “M
T ", that is, which storage medium is the backup destination (step S3).
2).

Here, when the data storage state information is “BOT”
H ”, the processing device 10 controls the magnetic tape device 1
The hard disk device 13 is used in preference to the second device, and the file (backup data 16) backed up in the hard disk device 13 is copied to the original file storage location of the hard disk device 13 for recovery (step S34). .

On the other hand, when the data storage state information is “MT”, the processing device 10 determines the corresponding magnetic tape (MT) of the magnetic tape device 12 based on the magnetic tape number registered in the management table 17. Or automatically copy the file backed up to a predetermined storage location of the hard disk drive 13 or display the magnetic tape number on the display 11 and issue an instruction input from the keyboard 14 in response to this display. The files backed up in the magnetic tape device 12 are recovered to the hard disk device 13 in response to the request.

In this way, if the file to be recovered is backed up in the hard disk drive 13 that can be accessed at a higher speed than the magnetic tape device 12, the recovery is executed by using the hard disk drive 13 preferentially. The time required for recovery can be reduced.

When the file is backed up, data storage state information is registered in the management data 17, and by referring to this information, the hard disk drive 1
3, the work of recovering the file backed up in 3 can be performed automatically, and the work load can be reduced.

In the above-described embodiment, the hard disk device 13 is mainly used as a non-volatile storage medium to be mainly used, and the magnetic tape device 12 is used as a storage medium used when performing backup. However, the present invention can also be applied to a system that performs backup using another recording medium.

In this case, if the non-volatile storage medium mainly used has the characteristic that the time required for access is shorter, the time required for recovery can be calculated by backing up also this storage medium. Can be.

The backup function and the recovery function executed by the processing device 10 can be realized by a program provided by being recorded on various recording media. As a recording medium, for example, a magnetic disk (floppy disk, hard disk, etc.), an optical disk (CD
-ROM, DVD, etc.), semiconductor memory and the like. Further, the program can be provided by a communication medium. The computer constituting the backup data management device reads the program recorded on the recording medium, or receives the program via the communication medium, and executes the processing in the above-described embodiment by controlling the operation of the program. can do.

[0056]

As described in detail above, according to the present invention, the mainly used nonvolatile recording medium (first storage means)
When backing up the data stored in the first storage unit, not only the second storage unit is used, but also the first storage unit that requires a shorter access time than the second storage unit.
When recovering the backed up data, if it is determined that the data to be backed up exists in the first storage means based on the data storage status information, the first
Recovery is performed on the data held in the storage means. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the time required for recovering the data as compared with the case of recovering the data held in the second storage unit.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an exemplary block diagram showing the system configuration of a backup data management device according to an embodiment;

FIG. 2 is an exemplary view for explaining management information on backup data registered in a management table 17 shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 shows data 1 stored in a hard disk device 13.
9 is a flowchart for describing an update process of the management table 17 when 5 is changed.

FIG. 4 shows a hard disk drive 1 using a backup function.
9 is a flowchart for explaining an operation when backing up data 15 (file) stored in No. 3;

FIG. 5 is a flowchart for explaining an operation when a backed up file is recovered by a recovery function.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Processing device 11 ... Display 12 ... Magnetic tape device 13 ... Hard disk device 14 ... Keyboard 17 ... Management table

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A backup data management apparatus for backing up and recovering data, comprising: a first storage unit for storing data; and a lower speed than access to the first storage unit, and a lower speed than the first storage unit. A second storage unit for storing data having a large capacity; and a first storage unit for storing data stored in the first storage unit.
A backup unit that backs up at least the second storage unit of the storage unit and the second storage unit; and for each piece of data backed up by the backup unit, a data backup destination is only the second storage unit or the second storage unit. The first storage unit based on a management table in which data storage state information indicating whether the storage unit is both the first storage unit and the second storage unit; and the data storage state information registered in the management table. A backup data management device, comprising: recovery means for recovering data backed up by the means in preference to the second storage means. 2. The backup system according to claim 1, wherein the backup unit backs up data to the first storage unit and the second storage unit when there is free space in the first storage unit. Data management device. 3. The backup means determines, with reference to the management table, data backed up in both the first storage means and the second storage means when there is no free space in the first storage means. 2. The backup data according to claim 1, wherein said data is backed up in said first storage means and said second storage means after the corresponding data is deleted from said first storage means to secure a free space. Management device. 4. A backup data management method for backing up and recovering data, comprising: a first storage means for storing data; and a lower speed than access to the first storage means; A second storage unit for storing data having a larger capacity than that of the storage unit; and when the data stored in the first storage unit is backed up, the first storage unit and the second storage unit are used. Among the means, at least the data is backed up to the second storage means, and for each data backed up, the backup destination of the data is either the second storage means only, or both the first storage means and the second storage means. The data storage state information indicating whether there is any data is registered in the management table, and the first data storage state information is registered based on the registered data storage state information.
A backup data management method, wherein data backed up in a storage unit is recovered prior to the second storage unit. 5. A first storage means for storing data,
A program for performing data backup and recovery using a second storage unit for storing data having a lower speed than access to the first storage unit and having a larger capacity than the first storage unit. A computer-readable recording medium that stores therein, when backing up data stored in the first storage unit, at least the second storage unit of the first storage unit and the second storage unit At the same time as the backup, the data is backed up only to the second storage unit or to the first
A backup process for registering data storage state information indicating either of the storage unit and the second storage unit in the management table; and a first process based on the data storage state information registered in the management table. A computer-readable recording medium storing a program for causing a computer to execute a recovery process for recovering data backed up in a storage unit prior to the second storage unit.