JPH11210778A - Synchronizing device of transmission - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a synchronizing device of a transmission which prevents a detent member from dropping out with a sleeve displaced, when a clutch hub, the sleeve, and a detent mechanism are assembled together. SOLUTION: If a sleeve 8 is excessively-displaced relative to a clutch hub 5 while the clutch hub 5, the sleeve 8, and a detent mechanism 14 are in a sub-assembled state, a coil spring 20 by which a ball serving as a detent member is energized in such a way as to be pressed into the recess part 17 of the sleeve 8 is sandwiched between the end portion A of a wing part 26 formed on the inner surface of an index block 25 and the open edge B of a spring storage hole 19 in the clutch hub 5, the index block 25 being freely slidably engaged in an engaging groove in the clutch hub 5. Further displacement of the index block 25 is prevented to prevent the ball from dropping out.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a transmission synchronizing device used for an automobile, a construction machine, a working machine, and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there is a transmission provided with a synchronizing device as a transmission for changing a transmission ratio of an input / output shaft by changing a combination of a plurality of gears. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of such a conventional transmission synchronizing device. FIG. 10 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing the sub-assembly of the transmission synchronizing device shown in FIG. The transmission shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 has a rotating shaft 1 that is a main shaft (output shaft).
Gear 2, which is a low-speed gear, and gear 3, which is a high-speed gear, provided so as to be rotatable relative to each other.
And a synchronizer 4 arranged between the gear 3.
The synchronizer 4 controls the rotation of the clutch hub 5 and the gears 2 and 3 on both sides of the clutch hub 5 and the clutch hub 5 provided so as to be spline-fitted to the rotation shaft 1 and rotate integrally with the rotation shaft 1. Synchronizing block rings 7, 7,
And a spline 6 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the clutch hub 5
A sleeve 8 formed on an inner peripheral surface of a spline 9 meshing slidably in the axial direction. Gears 2 and 3
First dog tooth 1 meshable with spline 9 of sleeve 8
A ring member 28 having 0 and 10 is fixed. The block ring 7 is also formed with second dog teeth 11, 11 that can be engaged with the spline 9 of the sleeve 8. Between the block rings 7, 7 arranged on the side of the clutch hub 5 and the gears 2, 3, there is formed a clutch 12 in which opposing cone surfaces frictionally engage to perform a synchronizing action.

An annular groove 13 into which a shift arm (not shown) is fitted is formed on the outer periphery of the sleeve 8. The detent mechanism 14 used in the transmission synchronizing device 4 described above.
The index block 15 is slidably mounted in the clutch hub 5 in an axially slidable manner in engagement grooves 24 (see FIG. 10) formed at, for example, three circumferentially spaced positions.
A detent member comprising a ball 18 which fits into an index hole 15 formed in the index block 15 in a radial direction of the clutch hub 5 and engages with a concave portion 17 formed on the inner peripheral surface of the sleeve 8; And a coil spring 20 which is housed in a spring housing hole 19 formed in the radial direction so as to open to each of the engagement grooves 24 and biases the ball 18 radially outward. . When the synchronizer 4 is in the neutral state, the coil spring 20
Is pressed so as to engage with a concave portion 17 formed in the inner peripheral portion of the sleeve 8. The detent member is ball 1
Instead of 8, a roller may be used.

In the neutral state of the synchronizing device 4, the spline 9 of the sleeve 8 is engaged with the spline 6 of the clutch hub 5 as shown in FIG.
The dog teeth 11 and the first dog teeth 10 of the gears 2 and 3 are not meshed. The block rings 7, 7 are movable in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 1. When the sleeve 8 is slid in the axial direction of the clutch hub 5 while maintaining the engagement with the spline 6 of the clutch hub 5, if the sliding amount of the sleeve 8 is less than a predetermined value, the index block 15 engages with the sleeve 8. It moves together with the sleeve 8 via the mating ball 18 to press the block ring 7 and
Starts rotating together with the transmission gear 2 (or 3) by the synchronizing action of the clutch 12.

When the sliding amount of the sleeve 8 exceeds a predetermined value, the ball 18 is pushed inward in the radial direction against the coil spring 20 and detaches from the concave portion 17 of the sleeve 8.
Can slide with respect to the index block 15. The chamfer portion of the spline 9 of the sleeve 8 is pressed against the chamfer portion of the second tooth 11 of the block ring 7. The block ring 7 is strongly pushed against the gear 2 (or 3), and the rotational speed of the clutch hub 5 and the rotational speed of the gear 2 (or 3) gradually match due to the strong clutch action of the clutch 12. When the sleeve 8 is further moved in the same direction while the rotational speeds of the sleeve 8 and the block ring 7 match, the splines 9 of the sleeve 8 smoothly and completely mesh with the second dog teeth 11 of the block ring 7. By further shifting the sleeve 8, the spline 9 meshes with the first dog tooth 10 of the gear 2 or 3, and the shifting and synchronization of the sleeve 8 is completed. At this point, a power transmission path from the gear 2 or 3 to the first dog tooth 10, the sleeve 8, the clutch hub 5, and the rotating shaft 1 is formed.

The transmission synchronizing device having the detent mechanism 14 has a spring receiving hole 19 of the clutch hub 5.
The ball spring 18 housed in the inside is compressed by pushing the ball 18, and in this state, the ball 18 is formed on the inner peripheral portion of the sleeve 8 while the sleeve 8 is spline-fitted to the clutch hub 5. It is assembled by sliding to a position where it engages with the recessed portion 17. The assembled sub-assembly has a rotating shaft 1
The transmission is assembled by incorporating the gears into the gears 2 and 3.

In the conventional transmission synchronizing device 4, when the clutch hub 5, the sleeve 8, the ball 18, and the coil spring 20 are in a sub-assembled state, the components such as the block ring 7 are not assembled, and the transfer is performed. At times, no special measures are taken to prevent the sleeve 8 from moving significantly with respect to the clutch hub 5. As shown in FIG. 10, when the sleeve 8 moves to the left with respect to the clutch hub 5 in the figure, the ball 18 moves with the index block 15 while engaging with the recess 17 with the movement of the sleeve 8. I do. The lower portion of the coil spring 20 for urging the ball 18 toward the sleeve 8 has a spring receiving hole 1.
9, it undergoes a bending deformation in accordance with the displacement of the index block 15. If the amount of movement of the sleeve 8 is large, there is a problem that the curvature of the coil spring 20 becomes large, and the ball 18 eventually jumps out from the index block 15 as shown by the arrow C and the sub-assembly cannot be maintained. As a countermeasure, in the sub-assembly state, the assembled sub-assembly is tied with a string or the like.

A transmission synchronizing device is disclosed, for example, in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 5-42769. In this transmission synchronizing device, a key retainer integrally formed with a shaft portion is interposed between a synchronizer which corresponds to a detent member and a coil spring which is an elastic member and is inserted into a housing hole of the synchronizer hub. The shaft is inserted into the coil spring. In the neutral position of the synchronizer sleeve, the coil spring does not press the synchronizer obliquely due to the bending of the coil spring, so the coil spring presses the synchronizer directly in the radial direction of the clutch hub. , The drag phenomenon can be prevented. Further, since the key retainer is formed of a resin having a small friction coefficient such as a fluororesin, the sleeve moves smoothly, and the shift feeling is improved.

As disclosed in the above publication,
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-269596 discloses a compression coil spring, which is disposed in a blind hole extending in a radial direction in a clutch hub to bias a detent member into a detent groove of a sleeve, and is held by a plunger in the blind hole. It is disclosed in the gazette. Further, as a synchronizing device for a transmission of the same type, one having a structure in which a coil spring is almost housed in an accommodation hole formed in a clutch hub is disclosed, for example, in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 4-34522.
Or JP-A-6-241244. Further, as a synchronizing device for a transmission having a ball as a detent member, for example, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No.
No. 7 and Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 5-67823.

[0010]

It is desired to prevent the detent member from jumping out due to the movement of the sleeve in the sub-assembly state of the transmission synchronizing device.
The method of tying the sub-assembly with a string or the like to prevent the detent member from popping out is not good for workability in that the string is released when the sub-assembly is tied with a string or the like, and is not compatible with mass production. . Further, as described in the above-mentioned publication, a method of preventing the inclination of the coil spring by inserting a key retainer into the coil spring is disclosed in
Since one component called a key retainer is required, the number of components is increased, and an assembling process of incorporating the key retainer is added, so that the manufacturing cost of the transmission increases. Therefore, there is a need to obtain a transmission synchronizing device that can maintain the sub-assembly state at low cost without increasing the number of parts and the assembling process. Synchronization of the sub-assembly state by changing the shape of existing parts is required. There is a problem to be solved in preventing the detent member from jumping out of the device.

[0011]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned problem. The index block on the clutch hub is devised so that when the sleeve tries to move in the sub-assembly state, the index is reduced. An object of the present invention is to provide a synchronizing device for a transmission in which a spring means is sandwiched between a block and a clutch hub, thereby preventing inclination of the spring means and preventing protrusion of a detent member.

According to the present invention, there is provided a clutch hub fixed to a rotating shaft and having a plurality of engaging grooves formed in a circumferential direction at an outer peripheral portion thereof, a sleeve slidably fitted to the clutch hub, An index block slidably engaged in the engagement groove of the clutch hub, a detent member movably provided on the index block and detachably engaged with the sleeve, and the detent member with respect to the sleeve. Spring means for pressing
A sleeve portion is formed on the index block to restrict the index block from being displaced with respect to the clutch hub by exceeding a predetermined displacement amount by sandwiching the spring means between the index block and the clutch hub. And a synchronizing device for a transmission.

In this transmission synchronizing apparatus, the detent member is a ball or a roller movably fitted into an engagement hole formed in the index block.
A concave portion is formed on an inner peripheral surface of the sleeve so that a distal end portion of the ball or the roller protruding from the engagement hole is detachably engaged.

In the transmission synchronizing device, a spring receiving hole is formed at the bottom of the engagement groove of the clutch hub, and the spring means is a coil spring received in the spring receiving hole. .

In the transmission synchronizing apparatus, the sleeve portion is formed so as to protrude from the main body of the index block corresponding to the spring receiving hole. When the predetermined amount of displacement is displaced with respect to the hub, the spring is caught by the opening edge of the spring receiving hole and the end of the sleeve.

Further, the transmission synchronizing device is provided with a transmission gear having a first dog tooth provided rotatably on the rotation shaft and meshing with the sleeve, and a second dog meshable with the sleeve. A block ring having teeth and capable of being engaged with the transmission gear by clutching, wherein the sleeve to be shifted is pressed on the block ring via the index block, whereby the block ring and the transmission The rotational speed difference between the sleeve and the sleeve, which is further shifted while the gear is engaged with the clutch, disengaged from the detent member, and meshed with the second dog tooth of the block ring, is reduced. The first of the missing transmission gears
It engages with dog teeth.

According to the transmission synchronizing device of the present invention, the clutch hub, the sleeve slidably fitted to the clutch hub, the detent member, and the spring means for pressing the detent member against the sleeve are assembled. In this state, if the sleeve is to be displaced excessively with respect to the clutch hub together with the index block and the detent member, the sleeve formed on the index block will sandwich the spring means between the clutch hub and the index block. As described above, the displacement with respect to the clutch hub is prevented. Further, since the sleeve portion sandwiches the spring means, the spring means itself does not bend significantly. Therefore, the detent member of the synchronizer is held in the index block, and the sub-assembly state of the synchronizer can be maintained.

[0018]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a transmission synchronizing device according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing one embodiment of a transmission synchronizing device according to the present invention,
2 is a front view showing a sub-assembly of the transmission synchronizing apparatus shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing a neutral state of the sub-assembly of the synchronizing apparatus shown in FIG. 2, and FIG. It is a partial expanded sectional view showing the state where the sleeve was displaced in the subassembly of the synchronizer shown.

The synchronizer shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is a multi-cone synchronizer having a triple cone between the clutch hub 5 and the gear, but is used in the conventional transmission shown in FIG. The same components and parts as those described above can be applied to the multi-cone synchronizer as they are, and therefore, the same reference numerals as those shown in FIG. Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the clutch hub 5 is spaced apart from the outer peripheral portion (preferably, three places at equal intervals).
An index block 25 is slidably engaged with the axially formed engaging groove 24 (FIG. 2). Similar to the conventional index block 15 shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the index block 25 has an engagement hole 16 into which a ball 18 as a detent member that engages with the recess 17 of the sleeve 8 is movably fitted. ing.

The index block 25 has an engaging groove 2
A sleeve portion 26 is provided on the side of the clutch hub 5 corresponding to the spring housing hole 19 on the side facing the bottom of the clutch hub 5. In the illustrated example, the sleeve 26 is integrally formed in a cylindrical shape so as to protrude from the main body portion 25a of the index block 25 (see FIGS. 3 and 4). A tubular inner wall 27 is formed in the sleeve 26 so as to be continuous with the engaging hole 16, and a region surrounded by the tubular inner wall 27 is a hollow portion that accommodates an upper portion of the coil spring 20. The entire index block 25 including the sleeve 26 is engaged with the engagement groove 24 of the clutch hub 5.

FIG. 3 shows the sub-assembly when the sleeve 8 is in the neutral state. The lower part is accommodated in the spring accommodating hole 19 and the upper part is accommodated in the hollow part surrounded by the cylindrical inner wall 27. The coil spring 20 is in a straight state as a whole. In this state, the coil spring 2
Numeral 0 urges the ball 18 fitted in the engagement hole 16 of the index block 25 and presses it against the concave portion 17 of the sleeve 8.

FIG. 4 shows a state in which the sleeve 8 is displaced leftward in the figure relative to the clutch hub 5 in the sub-assembly shown in FIG. Sleeve 8
Is displaced, the ball 18 moves together with the index block 25 while being engaged with the concave portion 17. When the index block 25 is in the neutral state and the sleeve 26 is in the coil spring 2
If the coil spring 20 is to be displaced beyond a predetermined amount of displacement until it abuts on the contact hole 0, the coil spring 20 is moved to the opening edge B of the spring receiving hole 19 of the clutch hub 5 and the end of the sleeve 26 of the index block 25. A sandwiched between. After the sleeve 26 comes into contact with the coil spring 20, the displacement of the index block 25 in the same direction is restricted. Therefore, the coil spring 20 is not subjected to the deformation such that it is further curved. Further, the sleeve 26 itself also functions to prevent the ball 18 from jumping out of the engagement hole 16 of the index block 25. As described above, in the sub-assembly state, the coil spring 20 is sandwiched between the clutch hub 5 and the synchro block 25.
Is prevented from jumping out.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view showing a neutral state of the transmission incorporating the multi-cone type synchronizing device shown in FIG. 1,
FIG. 6 is a partially developed view of a spline of the transmission in the neutral state shown in FIG. In a multi-cone synchronizer,
The claw 31 of the block ring 21 and the claw 3 of the inner ring 23 are inserted into grooves 34 formed in the clutch hub 5 at intervals in the circumferential direction.
3 are engaged with each other through a gap, and the block ring 21 is engaged.
An outer cone 22 is interposed between the outer ring 22 and the inner ring 23. The claw 32 of the outer cone 22 is engaged with a groove 35 formed in the ring member 28 on which the first dog tooth 10 is formed so as to be circumferentially spaced. The inner cone surface of the block ring 21 and the outer cone surface of the inner ring 23 are
Each faces the outer and inner cone surfaces of the outer cone 22. Block ring 21, Inner ring 2
The outer ring 3 and the outer cone 22 have the same synchronizing function as the block ring 7 in the example of the synchronizing device shown in FIGS.

When the transmission is in the neutral state shown in FIG. 5, the coil spring 20 is in a straight state, and the index block 25 is not in contact with any of the block rings 21. Further, as shown in FIG.
Is engaged with the spline 6 of the clutch hub 5, but the second dog tooth 11 of the block ring 21
And the first dog teeth 10 of the gears 2 and 3 are not meshed. As shown in FIG. 6, the spline 9 of the sleeve 8 is provided with a slight taper 9a that engages with the taper 10a of the first dog tooth 10 of the gears 2 and 3, and these tapers 9a and 10a In the engaged state, the gear does not easily come off.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing a shift state of the transmission incorporating the multi-cone type synchronizer shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 8 is a partially developed view of splines of the transmission in the shift state shown in FIG. It is. As shown in FIG. 7, when a gear shift lever (not shown) is operated to move a shift arm (not shown) engaged with the annular groove 13 of the sleeve 8 from a neutral state, for example, to the left, the sleeve 8 The ball 18 is pushed leftward by the concave portion 17 of the inner inner circumferential groove, and the ball 1
The index block 25 contacts the block ring 21 via 8. The chamfer portion of the second dog tooth 11 of the block ring 21 is generated by friction torque generated when the inner and outer cone surfaces of the outer cone 22 and the cone surfaces provided on the synchro cone 28 come into contact with the cone surfaces of the block ring 21 and the inner ring 23. The pawl 31 of the block ring 21 and the clutch hub 5 are moved to a position where the 11a and the chamfer 9b of the spline 9 of the sleeve 8 face each other.
And the relative rotation is eliminated by the rotation of the gap with the groove 35 provided in the groove. Further movement of the sleeve 8 causes the splines 9 of the sleeve 8 to push away the second dog teeth 11 of the block ring 21 to be in a meshing state. Sleeve 8
Is further shifted so that the spline 9
Alternatively, the first dog tooth 10 is engaged with the third dog tooth 10 to complete the synchronization.
When this synchronization is completed, the first dog tooth 1
0, a sleeve 8, a clutch hub 5, and a power transmission path leading to the rotary shaft 1 are formed.

In the operating state of the synchronizer 4 incorporated in the transmission, as shown in FIG.
Is set so that the index block 25 does not contact the coil spring 20 and the side surface of the coil spring 20 does not contact the edge of the spring accommodating hole 19 of the clutch hub 5 even at the time of the maximum displacement. That is, the index block 25
Alternatively, the operability is not deteriorated due to the clutch hub 5 coming into contact with the coil spring 20 and the sleeve 8
By setting a proper gap between the index block 25 and the index block 25, it is considered that there is no drag resistance when the index block 25 moves.

Although the transmission synchronizing device according to the present invention has been described based on the embodiment shown in the drawings, the sleeve formed on the index block 25 has a cylindrical projection as shown in the figure. The structure is not limited to this, and any structure may be used as long as it can engage with the coil spring 20 and sandwich the coil spring 20 with the clutch hub 5. The detent member is ball 1
Instead of 8, a roller may be used.

[0028]

Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following effects. That is, according to the transmission synchronizing device of the present invention, the sleeve, the clutch hub, the detent member, and the spring means are formed only by changing the shape of the index block without depending on the temporary fixing with a string or the like. The subassembly state can be maintained at low cost. Therefore, it is easy to transport and store the sub-assembly of the transmission synchronizing device.
Also in the assembling work of the transmission, it is possible to incorporate the same into the rotating shaft or the gear without changing the string, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a transmission synchronization device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view showing a subassembly of the transmission synchronizing device shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged sectional view showing a neutral state of the assembly shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged sectional view showing a state where a sleeve is displaced in the assembly shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing a neutral state of a transmission in which the multi-cone synchronizer shown in FIG. 1 is incorporated.

6 is a partially developed view of a spline of the transmission in the neutral state shown in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing a shift state of a transmission in which the multi-cone synchronizer shown in FIG. 1 is incorporated.

FIG. 8 is a partially developed view of splines of the transmission in the shift state shown in FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a partial sectional view showing an example of a conventional transmission synchronizing device.

FIG. 10 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing a state in which a sleeve has moved in the subassembly of the transmission synchronizing device shown in FIG. 9;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rotation shaft 2, 3 Gearbox 4 Synchronizer 5 Clutch hub 7 Block ring 8 Sleeve 10 1st dog tooth 11 2nd dog tooth 12 Clutch 14 Detent mechanism 16 Engagement hole 17 Depression 18 Ball 19 Spring accommodation hole 20 Coil spring DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 21 Block ring 22 Outer cone 23 Inner ring 24 Engagement groove 25 Index block 25a Main body part 26 Sleeve part

Claims (5)

[Claims] A clutch hub fixed to a rotating shaft and having a plurality of engagement grooves formed in a circumferential direction at an outer peripheral portion thereof;
A sleeve slidably fitted to the clutch hub, an index block slidably engaged in the engagement groove of the clutch hub, and a slidably provided detachable member provided on the index block. A mating detent member, and spring means for pressing the detent member against the sleeve. The index block is attached to the clutch hub by sandwiching the spring means between the index block and the clutch hub. A transmission synchronizing device comprising a sleeve portion for restricting displacement beyond a predetermined displacement amount. 2. The detent member is a ball or a roller movably fitted into an engagement hole formed in the index block, and the ball or the roller protruding from the engagement hole is formed on an inner peripheral surface of the sleeve. The transmission synchronizing device according to claim 1, wherein a concave portion with which a tip portion of the roller is detachably engaged is formed. 3. The clutch hub according to claim 1, wherein a spring receiving hole is formed in a bottom portion of said engaging groove of said clutch hub, and said spring means is a coil spring received in said spring receiving hole. 3. The transmission synchronizing device according to claim 1. 4. The sleeve is formed so as to protrude from a body portion of the index block corresponding to the spring receiving hole, and the coil spring is configured such that the index block is predetermined with respect to the clutch hub. 4. The device according to claim 3, wherein when the displacement amount is displaced, the spring receiving hole is sandwiched between an opening edge of the spring receiving hole and an end of the sleeve.
3. The transmission synchronizing device according to claim 1. 5. The first synchronizer is provided on the rotary shaft so as to be relatively rotatable, and is capable of engaging with the sleeve.
A speed change gear having dog teeth; a second ring having second dog teeth meshable with the sleeve and a block ring engageable with the speed change gear; By pressing the block ring through the clutch, the block ring and the transmission gear are engaged with the clutch, disengaged from the detent member, and meshed with the second dog teeth of the block ring. The transmission according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the sleeve to be shifted is meshed with the first dog tooth of the transmission gear having a rotational speed difference between the sleeve and the sleeve. Synchronizer.