JPH1119919A - Manufacture of reinforced concrete wall body, form therefor, and reinforcing bar assembly for manufacturing reinforced concrete wall body - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide the manufacturing method of a wall body, with which various problems such as a cost of equipment, the stability of a form during manufacturing, a concrete placing efficiency and the homogeneity of the structure of the wall body are settled, and provide further a form for the method. SOLUTION: This method includes a process for arrangement of reinforcing bars in a form under the state that the vertical slab forming part of the form is statically and horizontally placed and its horizontal slab forming part is statically and uprightly placed, a process for charging concrete through holes on the top surface of the vertical slab forming part and through small ports on the top surface of the horizontal slab forming part and a process for demolding after the curing and hardening of the concrete. This form consists of a lower form 1, in which a back plate and a bottom plate are joined in a L-shape and both the side planks connecting the back plate and the bottom plate in L-shape along their side ends are provided, an upper form 2, in which a front plate 21 and an top plate 22 are joined in a L-shape and the front plate 21 and the top plate 22 are placed on the lower form 1 under the condition being respectively separated from the back plate and the bottom plate of the lower form 1, and a connecting means for separably connecting the upper form 2 and the lower form 1 with each other.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a reinforced concrete wall having a vertical slab and a horizontal slab using a formwork in a factory, a formwork used in the method, and a reinforcing bar assembly for manufacturing a reinforced concrete wall. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An L-shape having a vertical slab and a horizontal slab,
An anti-T, siding type reinforced concrete wall is usually used for a retaining wall or a foundation wall. When such a reinforced concrete wall is manufactured not in an installation site but in a factory, it is usually manufactured using a steel formwork. In the retaining wall, the vertical slab is called the front slab and the horizontal slab is called the heel slab.

A conventional manufacturing method for an L-shaped reinforced concrete wall will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a conventionally used mold, and FIG. 14 is a sectional view of the same. However, FIG. 14 does not show the reinforcing bars arranged in FIG. The steel formwork OM is
A base frame 100 made of a steel frame to which an upper front plate 101, an upper bottom plate 102, a lower front plate 103, and a lower bottom plate 104 are successively fixed, and a substantially L-shaped wedge plate 10 on both the left and right sides.
5 and 106 are connected to the front frame 300 to which the back plate 107 is fixed, by connecting means such as bolts, nuts, or clamps to form an upper front plate 101, an upper bottom plate 102, both end plates 105, 106
A horizontal slab forming portion B opening to the upper surface is constituted by the upper portion of the lower plate 107 and the upper portion of the back plate 107. The lower front plate 103, the lower portions of the both end plates 105 and 106, the lower bottom plate 104, and the back plate 1
The lower part of 07 constitutes a vertical slab forming part A that opens only upward.

[0004] When a reinforced concrete wall (hereinafter simply referred to as a wall) is manufactured using the formwork OM, first, as shown in FIG.
00, 300 are connected in a block shape to form an L-shaped hollow portion H
Is formed by using a crane or the like so that the hollow portion is opened upward, and the reinforcing bar assembly 500 previously assembled at another place is installed in the hollow portion H. That is,
The formwork OM fixes the horizontal slab forming section B in a horizontal state and the vertical slab forming section A in a hanging state, and has a reinforcing bar assembly 500 therein.
In a state where is set, the ready-mixed concrete is charged from the upper opening surface to fill the vertical slab forming section A and the horizontal slab forming section B, and after curing for a certain period, the form OM is exchanged for top and bottom and demolded. . That is, after the form OM is turned upside down using a crane or the like and the horizontal slab portion is grounded to secure the stability, the connecting means 400 is removed, and the front frame 300 and the side frame 200 are separated. Then, using a crane or the like, the base frame 100 is
Separate from the molded wall RW as shown in FIG.

[0005]

As described above, in the conventional method, the horizontal slab forming part B is fixed in a horizontal state, the vertical slab forming part A is fixed in a hanging state, and ready-mixed concrete is poured from an upper opening surface. Therefore, there are the following problems. (1) In the normal dimensions of the L-shaped wall, as shown in FIG.
The expected width W of the horizontal slab VS of the wall RW is 1-2 m, and the height H of the vertical slab HS is 3-4 m. Therefore, since such a high-height formwork needs to use a rigid formwork by weight in order to secure stability with respect to a high center of gravity, equipment cost is required. (2) In addition, since a formwork having a large aspect ratio is erected in an inverted L-shape and heavy concrete is dropped, stability of the formwork or the formwork during concrete pouring tends to be a problem. (3) Since concrete is charged at a high position, concrete placing work is not easy and efficiency is low. (4) Since the head of the vertical slab forming section is large, the concrete, especially the aggregate, vigorously collides with or hits the inner wall surface of the vertical slab forming section from the initial stage to the final stage of concrete injection. The protective coating is peeled off early, shortening the life of the mold. Further, in order to apply a coloring pattern very similar to natural stone on the front surface of the vertical slab of the wall, a cloth in which a coloring material is infiltrated into the inner wall surface of the vertical slab forming portion, that is, the inner wall surface of the back plate 107 of the front frame 300 is used. However, in the above-mentioned conventional method, the cloth is shredded when concrete is put in, and it is difficult to realize this patterning method. (5) The poured ready-mixed concrete is allowed to flow down while being vibrated using a vibrator or the like. However, since the head is large, it takes time to cast concrete. (6) In addition, since the vertical slab forming part has a large head,
Due to the difference in specific gravity of the raw concrete material put in,
During the curing, the concrete material (water, sand, aggregate) in the vertical slab forming section moves and its distribution changes, and FIG.
As indicated by the difference in the density of the cross hatched lines, the density and strength of the structure of the completed wall RW become uneven at some places. In particular, it is not preferable that the strength of the lower portion of the vertical slab VS and the strength of the horizontal slab HS, which require the highest strength, become smaller than those of other portions. (7) At the time of demolding, first, the entire formwork having the weight containing the concrete product is turned upside down, and then the formwork is disassembled. (8) Further, since the concrete placing side is the bottom surface bf of the horizontal slab HS of the completed wall, it is difficult to make the bottom surface a perfect horizontal surface.
When the horizontal slab is placed and fixed on the upper surface of the stabilizer ST installed so that the upper surface is completely horizontal, the vertical slab V
It is extremely difficult to make the front face ff of S completely vertical, and the front faces of adjacent wall bodies are not aligned on a common vertical plane, making the wall appearance unsightly. (9) Further, the base frame, the side frames, and the front frame have no flexibility and commonality, and can correspond to only one type of wall. Therefore, in order to manufacture a wall body of different dimensions, it is necessary to newly manufacture the entire formwork,
Equipment costs increase, and thus product prices also increase.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has as its object the equipment costs of the above-mentioned conventional method, the stability of the formwork during production, the efficiency of concrete input work, the time for casting, and the finished product. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of manufacturing a wall which solves various problems concerning the homogeneity of the structure. A second object is to provide a mold suitable for use in the manufacturing method. A third object is to provide a reinforcing bar assembly for manufacturing a reinforced concrete wall suitable for manufacturing with the above-described formwork.

[0007]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a method of manufacturing a wall body according to the present invention comprises: placing a mold having a vertical slab forming section and a horizontal slab forming section in a horizontal state; Then, the horizontal slab forming section is allowed to stand in an upright state, and the reinforcing bars are arranged in each slab forming section, and the fresh concrete is formed from the opening provided on the upper surface of the vertical slab forming section of the formwork and the upper edge of the horizontal slab forming section. And a step of waiting for curing and hardening of the ready-mixed concrete and removing the mold. With the above configuration, the long vertical slab forming section is placed in a horizontal state, and the short horizontal slab forming section is left standing in an upright state. And the stability of the formwork during the manufacture of the wall is remarkably high. Since fresh concrete is introduced from the opening provided on the upper surface of the vertical slab molding section and the small opening on the upper surface of the horizontal slab molding section, the concrete introduction operation can be easily performed at a safe height, and the operation efficiency is improved. In addition, since the height of the horizontal slab forming portion that stands up is small, the concrete casting time is shortened and the structure of the finished product is homogenized. In addition, the demolding operation can be performed safely and smoothly without the necessity of changing the form upside down.

[0008] In the above manufacturing method, the mold frame may be formed by joining a back plate forming a part of a horizontal slab forming part and a bottom plate forming a part of a vertical slab forming part into an L-shaped cross section. A lower die, which is openable and closably provided with both end plates which form side surfaces of the horizontal slab forming part and the vertical slab forming part substantially continuously in an L-shape along both side edges of the bottom plate, and the horizontal slab forming part Having an upper mold formed by joining a front plate constituting the remainder of the above and an upper plate constituting the remainder of the vertical slab forming section substantially in an L-shape along the cross-sectional shapes of the back plate and the bottom plate of the lower mold. And, the lower mold, the bottom plate in a horizontal state,
It is preferable that the back plate is installed in an upright state, a reinforcing bar is installed in the lower die, and then the upper die is detachably connected to the lower die to assemble a mold. When the formwork is assembled in the above order using the formwork, the assembling efficiency is remarkably high, the arrangement of the reinforcing bar and the concrete can be quickly and easily performed, and the demolding is easy.

[0009] After the ready-mixed concrete is charged from the opening provided on the upper surface of the vertical slab forming section, it is desirable that the insert is buried in the ready-mixed concrete from the opening. Depending on the purpose of the installed wall, for example, if it is desired to provide a protrusion on the wall, an insert for attaching the protrusion is required, and if it is desired to nail the wall, a material that can be nailed is used. The insert can be provided in advance during wall production.

Further, the formwork for manufacturing a wall body according to the present invention is characterized in that a vertical back plate constituting a part of the horizontal slab molding portion and a horizontal bottom plate constituting a part of the vertical slab molding portion have an L-shaped cross section. And a pair of end plates, which form side surfaces of the horizontal slab forming portion and the vertical slab forming portion, are provided so as to be openable and closable in an L-shape along both side edges of the back plate and the bottom plate. A die, a front plate constituting the remaining portion of the horizontal slab forming portion, and an upper plate constituting the remaining portion of the vertical slab forming portion are joined in an L shape along the cross-sectional shapes of the back plate and the bottom plate of the lower mold. ,
An upper die connected to the lower die in a state where the front plate and the upper plate are respectively separated from the back plate and the bottom plate of the lower die, and a connecting means for separating and connecting the upper die to the lower die. Features. With the above configuration, the lower dies are raised,
By placing the reinforcing bar set in the lower die, covering the upper die, and connecting the upper die to the lower die by connecting means, a vertical slab forming part is formed and fixed in a horizontal state, horizontal slab forming The parts are configured and fixed in an upright state, and a reinforcing bar assembly is arranged in each slab forming part. A fore edge is formed at the upper part of the horizontal slab forming part, and ready-mixed concrete can be introduced from the fore edge and from the opening of the upper plate. After curing for a certain period, remove the upper mold via the connecting means,
The two wives can be opened and removed.

The upper die is detachably connected to the lower die plate at least at both left and right edges of the upper plate, and the connecting portions of the lower plate are provided at a plurality of positions in the longitudinal direction of the lower plate. It is desirable that an arbitrary connecting part can be selected according to the situation. According to the above configuration, an upper die having a different length of the upper plate according to the height of the vertical slab of the completed wall can be attached to the same lower die. That is, the lower mold does not change,
By simply changing the upper mold, it is possible to manufacture walls having different vertical slab heights. By devising the end shape of the upper plate of the upper mold, it is also possible to manufacture a wall body in which the upper end of the vertical slab has a slope or a curvature that matches the terrain.

[0012] In the above-mentioned formwork, the front plate of the upper mold may have a vertical groove for forming a wall in which a part of the reinforcing bar assembly can be arranged, and the upper plate of the upper mold may have a wall column in which another part of the reinforcing bar assembly can be arranged. It is desirable to have each of the forming lateral grooves. With the above configuration, the upper die is placed on the lower die, a part of the reinforcing bar assembly is placed in the vertical groove of the upper die, the other part of the reinforcing bar assembly is placed in the horizontal groove, and when the ready-mixed concrete is put, the wall column is placed on the vertical slab However, it is possible to obtain a wall body in which the dependent wall is formed on the horizontal slab.

When a hole is formed in the side wall of the lateral groove for forming a wall column at a right angle through the lateral groove for forming a wall column, if a rod is inserted through the through hole when the ready-mixed concrete is charged, the rod is removed when the mold is removed. By removing the rod, a hole for inserting a horizontal streak is formed in the wall post of the completed wall.

In the case where holes are formed in the lower back plate and the bottom wall of the vertical groove for forming the dependent wall of the upper die along a straight line perpendicular to the back plate, before the concrete is cast. By inserting a rod through the hole, an anchor bolt insertion hole can be formed in the dependent wall formed on the completed wall.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, a method for manufacturing a wall body and a mold according to the present invention will be described based on the illustrated embodiment. First, a mold used for carrying out the method for manufacturing a wall according to the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the mold immediately before the ready-mixed concrete is put in, FIG. 2 is a rear view of the mold,
FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing the same mold frame separately for each component, FIG. 4 is an exploded sectional view schematically showing the basic structure of the mold frame, and FIG. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing an example of the form of the reinforcing bar used in the case of the preferred formwork of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing an example of a hopper used when pouring concrete into the vertical slab forming section.

The mold NM according to the present invention comprises a lower mold 1 and an upper mold 2. The lower mold 1 is fixed on a horizontal pace frame 10. The base frame 10 is formed by joining steel frames in order to have a strength capable of supporting the entire weight of a form described below, a reinforcing bar arranged in the form, and concrete put into the form. . Lower mold 1
The vertical back plate 11 and the horizontal bottom plate 12 are joined in a right-angle L-shape, and the two end plates 13, 14 extending from the left and right end edges of the back plate 11 and the bottom plate 12 into a substantially L-shape along a plane perpendicular to both. ,
It is configured so as to be detachable or openable and closable. In the illustrated example, rings 13r and 14r are provided at lower ends of the end plates 13 and 14 at positions separated in the longitudinal direction.
Rings 10r are provided at equal intervals from the rings 13r, 14r at the upper ends of the left and right sides of the left and right sides of the base frame 10, and one connecting shaft b is inserted into each of the holes of the rings 10r, 13r; 10r, 14r. Are connected to each other so as to be rotatable about a horizontal straight line, and the end plates 13 and 14 are respectively mounted so as to be freely opened and closed.

When the main plates 13 and 14 are raised and closed as shown in FIG. 1, the vertical portions 13a and 14 of the main plates 13 and 14 are closed.
A part of a is abutted on the side surface of the rising portion 10u supporting the back plate 11 of the base frame 10. Further, left and right locking members 11a provided on the back surface of the back plate 11, and locking members 13c provided near the upper end portions of the standing portions 13a and 14a of the end plate.
14c, the both ends of the known chain clamp 31 are engaged with each other, and the upright portions 13a, 14a are connected in contact with the side surface of the upstanding portion 10u, and the end plate 13,
14 can be fixed to the base frame 10 in an upright state. Also, the horizontal portions 13b, 14b of the wife plates 13, 14
Locking device 1 similar to locking devices 13c and 14c at the end 4
3d and 14d are provided, and one chain clamp 3 longer than the chain clamp 31
2, the horizontal portions 13b and 14b can be fixed in the upright state. Horizontal parts 13b, 14 of the wife plate
A similar locking member 13 is also provided on the upper end surface at the intermediate position of FIG.
f, 14f may be provided and connected using a similar chain clamp 33. It is possible to rotate the end plates 13 and 14 upward around the connecting shaft b to fix them in an upright state, that is, a closed state, or to rotate downward around the connecting shaft b to bring them into a hanging state, that is, an open state. Instead of the connecting shaft b, the rings 3r, 14r; 10r, and the chain clamps 31, 32, any other connecting means such as another hinge mechanism or a bar and a bolt and nut can be used.

The wife plates 13 and 14 are provided with upright portions 13a and 14a.
13g, 14 connecting the horizontal parts 13b, 14b
g. The horizontal portions 13b, 14g extend from the upright portions 13a, 14a to extend over the oblique portions 13g, 14g.
B-shaped abutment plates 13i and 14i are fixed to the upper surface of b.

The upper die 2 integrally includes a vertically rising front plate 21 and a horizontally extending upper plate 22, and a lower portion between the lower end of the front plate 21 and one end of the bottom plate 22 has a lower portion. It is continued by a swash plate 21a extending at an angle equal to the edges of the slant portions 13g and 14g of the end plate of the mold. The front plate 21, the swash plate 21a, and the upper plate 22 of the upper die 2 are connected to the upright portion 13 of the bottom plate of the lower die 1.
a, 14a, inclined portions 13g, 14g and horizontal portions 13b, 1
4b has an equal length and an equal angle as the edge of 4b, and
The width of the upper mold 2, that is, the distance between the left and right parallel end edges is
The distance is set to be equal to the distance between the two end plates 13 and 14 of the lower die 1 that are erected in parallel. At the left and right ends of the front plate 21,
A contact plate 21b is provided in parallel with the contact plates 13h, 14h of the upstanding wife plates 13, 14. The connecting bolt with handle b1 is attached to the contact plate 21b.

The upper die 2 is provided with a plurality of vertical grooves 23 which are opened on the rear side at the center in the width direction of the front plate 21 and protrude toward the front side. The vertical groove 23 is for forming a wall. Moreover, it extends in the longitudinal direction of the upper plate at the middle in the width direction of the upper plate 22,
And a plurality of pairs of upright plates 24a,
24b is provided with a horizontal groove for forming a wall column, and an opening 24 is provided on the bottom surface of each horizontal groove. And the upper plate 2 of the upper die 2
A vertical slab height setting plate 25 extending at right angles to these ends and the ends of the upright plates 24a and 24b is joined to the ends of the two.

In order to increase the strength of the vertical groove 23, a U-shaped connecting member 26a fixed to the side surface of the back plate 21 is welded to the bottom surface of the vertical groove 23, and a longitudinal middle portion of the upright plates 24a and 24b. In order to prevent wobble in the above, a connecting member 26b extending in a direction perpendicular to the upright plate is welded to the upper end of each upright plate. A similar connecting member 26c may be provided on the front portions of the upright plates 24a and 24b as necessary. Connecting member 2
6b extends slightly outside the left and right ends of the upper plate 22. These connecting members 26a, 26b, 26
Due to c, the upper mold 2 has a large strength. And
A ring 26r to which a hook such as a winch or a crane can be connected is fixed to the two connecting members 26a and 26b at positions equidistant from the left and right ends. Since the upper die 2 is made of an iron plate and a steel frame and has a considerable weight, the four rings 26r can be lifted in a well-balanced manner by a winch or a crane.

In this way, the upper mold 2 is provided with
When the lower die 1 is raised from above, the lower die 1 is lowered so as to cover the lower die 1, and the upper die contact plate 21 b is brought into contact with the contact plates 13 of the end plates 13, 14.
i, 14i, and both ends of the connecting member 26b come into contact with the upper end surfaces of the horizontal portions 13b, 14b of the end plates 13, 14. At this time, since the tip of the connection bolt b1 matches the screw hole h1 formed in the abutment plates 13h, 14h of the end plates 13, 14, the connection bolt b1 is rotated in a predetermined direction, so that the front end of the upper mold is rotated. Part is fixed to the lower mold 1, and the bolt b2 is passed through the bolt through hole h2 formed at both ends of the connecting member 26b.
The rear part of the upper die 2 can be fixed to the lower die 1 by screwing into the screw holes h3 formed on the upper end surfaces of the horizontal parts 13b and 14b of the fourteen. A connecting plate 2 extending to both ends at the other end of the upper plate 22 or both ends of the vertical slab height setting plate 25
7 and a bolt b3 projecting from the upper surface of the other end of the end plates 13 and 14 into a hole 27a formed in the connecting plate.
And tighten a nut to the bolt b3 to make the upper mold 2
May be further firmly fixed to the lower mold 1.

That is, the front plate 21 and the upper plate 22 are placed on the both end plates 13 and 14 with a predetermined distance from the back plate 11 and the bottom plate 12 of the lower die 1, respectively, and the connecting means b1 and b
It can be fixed to the lower mold 1 by 2 and b3. Upper mold 2
1 and 5, the back plate 11 of the lower die 1 and the upright portions 13 of the end plates 13, 14 as shown in FIGS.
A hollow horizontal slab forming portion B having a small opening 3 on the upper surface is constituted by the remaining portions a and 4a, the inclined portions 13g and 14g, the front plate 21 and the swash plate 21a of the upper die 2, and the lower die 1 The bottom plate 12, the horizontal portions of the end plates 13, 14 and the upper plate 22 of the upper die 2 constitute a hollow vertical slab forming portion A.
The inner wall surfaces of the horizontal slab forming section B and the vertical slab forming section A are coated with a protective material such as paint.

The vertical slab height setting plate 25 is installed in such a manner that the height of the vertical slab VS to be formed is cut off the hollow portion of the vertical slab forming part in accordance with various standards, and the flow of the ready-mixed concrete to be charged is set. Is set to set the height of the vertical slab of the wall to be manufactured.

The means for attaching and connecting the end plates 13 and 14 to the lower mold 1 so as to be freely openable and closable is not limited to the above-mentioned example, but is optional. The means for detachably connecting the upper mold 2 to the lower mold 1 is also optional, such as one that is separated from both the lower mold 1 and the upper mold 2 and one that is fixed to either one.

In FIG. 5, reference numeral 4 denotes a reinforcing bar.
As shown in (a), it has an upright part 41 settled in a horizontal slab forming part B and a horizontal part 42 settled in a vertical slab forming part A. As shown in FIG. 6 (b), two steel bars 4B are formed by joining four steel bars in a tubular shape with a binding wire and joining the steel bars vertically and horizontally to an L-shaped bent cylindrical body 4A. , 4C to form a reinforcing bar assembly 4. The upright portion 41 is provided at a position corresponding to each of the vertical grooves 23 of the upper die 2 with a cylindrical portion 41a formed by the cylindrical body 4A.
The horizontal portion 42 also has a cylindrical portion 42a formed by the cylindrical body 4A at a position corresponding to each of the lateral grooves 24a and 24b of the upper die 2. Reinforcing bar assembly 4 is such that upper die 2 is lower die 1
Before the upper mold 2 is connected to the lower mold 1, that is, the end plates 13 and 14 are erected and the upper surface of the lower mold 1 is opened, and the upper mold 2 is placed on the lower mold plate 12 from above. And fixed by connecting means or the like. FIG. 1 shows the mold in this state.

Then, as shown in FIG. 5, ready-mixed concrete can be introduced from the upper edge 3 of the horizontal slab forming section B and from the opening 24 at the bottom of the horizontal groove of the vertical slab forming section A.

Next, a method of manufacturing a reinforced concrete wall according to the present invention using the formwork NM having the above-described configuration will be described. In the method of the present invention, the lower mold 1 of the mold NM is fixed to an upper part of a horizontally long base frame 10 which is always stably stood, and a vertical slab forming portion A
Is held in a horizontal state, the horizontal slab forming section B is held in an upright state, and the back plate 11 and the bottom plate 12 maintain a right-angle L-shape.
When manufacturing the wall body, first, the end plates 13 and 14 are erected and fixed by the connecting means 31 and 32. Then, in the lower die 1, the reinforcing bar sets 4 assembled corresponding to the respective slab forming portions A and B are arranged. Since the horizontal slab forming portion B having a relatively small width is installed in an upright state, the height of the mold NM is easily adjusted by the connecting means of the upper mold 2 and the lower mold 1 and separation (demolding) work. Can be height. next,
The reinforcing bar assembly 4 is placed on the upper surface of the lower mold 1.

Next, a hook connected to the tip of a rope of a winch or a crane is engaged with each ring 26r of the lid 2, the upper mold 2 is lifted, and is moved above the lower mold 1 to descend. Both ends of the connecting member 26b are placed on the upper end surfaces of the end plates 13, 14, and the contact plate 21b is connected to the end plate 13 of the end plate.
h, 14h, the hook is removed, the handle of the bolt b1 is rotated in a predetermined direction, the bolt b1 is screwed into the screw hole h1, and the upper die is fixedly connected to the end plate by the connecting member 33. A bolt b2 is passed through the connecting member 26b and screwed into the upper end surfaces of the wives 13, 14 to form an upper mold 2
Is firmly connected to the lower mold 1.

Subsequently, ready-mixed concrete is poured into the upper surface small opening 3 of the horizontal slab forming portion B of the mold NM and the opening 24 provided on the upper surface of the vertical slab forming portion A. In this case, as shown in FIG. 2, a well-known vibrator VG for assisting the flow of the concrete is attached to the back of the back plate 11, and the concrete is charged while being vibrated. Without overflowing the concrete to the vertical slab forming part A,
For efficient and even filling, a tandem hopper 5 as shown in FIG. 7 is preferably used. The tandem hopper 5 is formed by forming a hopper having a spout 51 at a position corresponding to a plurality of places where the opening 24 is separated in the longitudinal direction at the bottom of one rectangular box 52, and from one side of the top opening of the box. By continuously injecting concrete at a constant speed toward the other side, the vertical slab forming portion A can be easily filled without excess or shortage.

In the vertical slab forming section A,
Since the concrete is poured by being poured or pushed through the opening 24, the flow rate of the concrete is small, so that the problem of peeling of the protective material on the upper surface of the bottom plate 12 does not occur, and coloring for giving a coloring pattern to the front of the vertical slab is performed. Even when the cloth impregnated with the material is laid on the upper surface of the bottom plate 12, there is no problem that the cloth is shredded by the falling concrete.

The maximum head of concrete in the horizontal slab forming section B is equal to the width of the horizontal slab, usually 1 to 1.
Since the flow rate is 1.5 m, and at most about 2 m, the flow velocity at the time of concrete injection is not so large, and there is no possibility that the protective material on the inner wall surface of the horizontal slab forming section is peeled off. Further, since the height of the horizontal slab forming section B is about 1 to 2 m, it is easy to put concrete from a concrete mixer truck or the like.

According to the installation form of the formwork NM as described above,
The time required for concrete pouring to produce walls of the same dimensions has been reduced to one third of that of the conventional method.

Finally, the concrete is removed from the mixture after the ready-mixed concrete is cured and hardened. That is, the bolts b2 and b3, which are the connecting means, and the connecting member 33 are removed, and the bolt b1 is removed.
After the handle is loosened, the winch or the hook at the tip of the rope of the crane is connected to each ring 26r, and the upper mold 2 is raised, and lowered to a position where it does not hinder the demolding operation.
Then, the connecting means 31 and 32 are removed, and the end plates 13 and 14 on both sides are rotated about the connecting shaft b to open. Thereby, the upper surface and the side surface of the molded wall are opened. Subsequently, the tip of a rope such as a crane is connected to the formed wall, and the wall is connected to the pace frame 1 with the crane or the like.
0 from the lower die, move it to a position where it will not hinder the formwork assembly and concrete placing work for the next wall production, and then raise the wall by crane operation to remove the horizontal slab. Ground and stand.

In order to make it easy to connect a rope such as a crane to the wall, concrete is poured through the opening 24 of the upper mold 2 and a ring or a head for connecting a hook at the tip of the rope to the concrete. It is preferable to bury a connection fitting such as a bolt. This allows
Immediately after the removal of the upper mold and the opening of the end plate, the hook can be connected to the connection fitting, and the wall can be lifted to perform the mold removal.

As described above, according to the present invention, assembling, concrete casting, and demolding are performed in a state where the formwork is laid, so that the work safety is high, and therefore the work efficiency is high. The production time for one wall is significantly reduced.
Since the horizontal slab forming part B has a small head, the distribution does not change due to the movement based on the difference in specific gravity of the concrete material during curing, and therefore, the density, strength, etc. are uniform over the entire wall. Reinforced concrete with high quality and reliability can be obtained.

A WP in FIG. 8 is an example of a wall manufactured using the mold NM of the present invention. VS is a vertical slab,
50 is the main wall of the vertical slab, 51 is the lateral groove 24a of the upper die 2,
The reference numeral 24b denotes a wall column, HS denotes a horizontal slab, and 52 denotes a dependent wall formed by the vertical groove 23 of the upper die 2. Preferably,
A dependent wall 52 is provided at the lower end of the wall column 51 so as to be continuous. The wall body WP shown in the figure has the same shape as the half-weight type retaining wall having the inclined portion SS by providing the swash plate 21a on the upper die 2. Eliminate the swash plate 21a of the upper mold 2,
If the back plate 11 and the upper plate 22 are connected at a right angle, a wall similar to the L-shaped retaining wall can be manufactured. The method of the present invention
The present invention can be applied to the manufacture of a wall having any shape such as a shape, an anti-T shape, and a half weight type.

On the vertical slab VS, wall posts 51 are provided at appropriate intervals.
As described with reference to FIG. 6, the cylindrical portion 41a made of steel bar is buried in the wall column.
The strength of the vertical slab is very large as it is secured in the wall columns. Therefore, the flat mesh 4C disposed on the main wall 50 of the vertical slab VS can be made using a relatively thin steel bar, so that the wall thickness of the main wall 51 can be reduced. Also,
When the horizontal slab HS is provided with the dependent wall 52 continuous from the wall column 51, the same applies to the horizontal slab HS.
Furthermore, the bond strength between the vertical slab VS and the horizontal slab HS is also
The earth pressure strength of the wall is also greatly increased.

In FIG. 8, reference numeral 53 denotes a horizontal streak insertion hole formed in the wall column 51 so as to penetrate in a horizontal direction parallel to the main wall 50 of the vertical slab VS. It is a bolt insertion hole formed to penetrate vertically. Reference numeral 55 denotes an insert buried in the wall column 51. The insert is, for example, a member for attaching a member (a separator, a small object holder, or the like) protruding from the rear side of the vertical slab VS, such as a nut.

In order to form the holes 535 and 54, holes (not shown) penetrating the side surfaces of the lateral grooves 24a and 24b of the upper die 2 are provided, and the holes are sealed by inserting a rod or the like into the holes. If a hole (not shown) is provided through the bottom of the vertical groove 23 of the upper die 2 and the back plate 11, a similar rod or the like is inserted into the hole, and concrete is poured. Good. In addition, the insert 55 is inserted into the vertical slab molding portion A of the mold NM through the concrete introduction opening 24 provided at the bottom of the lateral grooves 24a and 24b at the end of concrete filling.
By inserting the insert from the opening 24, the insert can be easily embedded. The opening 24 is partially closed even if it is not opened over the entire length, that is, the upper plate 22.
May be a plurality of openings provided at positions separated in the longitudinal direction.

Therefore, the shape, number and position of the openings 24 are
It can be arbitrarily determined according to the insert position and the number of burials, as long as the ease of putting concrete is not impaired. Various types of inserts 55 can be used depending on the use of the wall body to be manufactured. For example, when this wall is used as a base wall of a basement, it may be desired to nail an interior plate or other artifacts to the wall of the basement. An insert made of a material that can be nailed can be embedded in the wall column 51 so that nailing can be performed at will.

In the basic configuration of the formwork according to the present invention described above, the back plate and the bottom plate of the lower mold are fixed vertically and horizontally, respectively, to form the bottom surface of the horizontal slab forming part and the front surface of the vertical slab, respectively. Unlike the conventional case in which the bottom surface of the horizontal slab is completed manually, when the completed wall is installed, the front surface can be easily installed in a completely vertical state. Also, those who determine the height of the vertical slab VS and the width of the horizontal slab HS are W and HH of the upper die 2 as shown in FIG. Since the upper mold 2 is detachable from the lower mold 1, a plurality of upper molds having different H and W are prepared according to the height of the vertical slab and the width of the horizontal slab of the wall to be manufactured. For example, wall bodies WP1, WP2, WP3,... Having different heights can be manufactured using the same lower mold 1 as illustrated in FIG. That is, the lower mold 1 with the base frame, which is the largest and has the highest cost, can be adapted to the production of various types of walls, so that the production costs of the walls are significantly reduced.

The embankment or embankment on which the retaining wall is installed may be inclined upward or downward with respect to the horizon, and the height of the installed retaining wall differs depending on the inclination, and It may be desired that the upper end is inclined. When the formwork according to the present invention is used, as shown in FIG. 9B, a wall body for constructing a retaining wall in which the upper end of an adjacent retaining wall is inclined according to the inclination of a bank or the like is easily manufactured. can do. That is, by using an upper mold in which the planar shape of the upper plate 22 is trapezoidal and the vertical slab height setting plate 25 is obliquely joined, the walls WPs1, WPs2, WPs3. It can be manufactured to meet the above needs. Further, by devising the shape of the upper plate 22 and the shape of the vertical slab height setting plate 25, the same lower die 1 is used, and the wall WPr1 having a vertical slab as illustrated in FIG. , WPr2,
WPr3 ... can also be manufactured. A plurality of screw holes h are previously formed in the upper end surfaces of the horizontal portions 13b and 14b of the end plates 13 and 14.
By using the upper die 3, when using the upper die 2 having the upper plate 22 having different lengths, the bolt b2 can be screwed into one of the screw holes h3 to fix the upper die to the lower die.

Next, an example of use of the wall body manufactured by the above-described manufacturing method will be described with reference to FIGS. A wall having no holes 53, 54 and insert 55 as shown in FIG. 8 can be used in the same manner as a conventional retaining wall and fence. A wall having holes 53 and 54 and an insert 55 as shown in FIG. 8 can be used as a permanent form for constructing a large-sized heavy retaining wall. This latter example will be described for reference with reference to FIGS.
10 is a cross-sectional view of a large-weight retaining wall constructed using the wall WP, FIG. 11 is a rear view showing a state of the back surface of the wall before concrete casting, and FIG. 12 is XX of FIG. It is a line sectional view.

When constructing the weight type retaining wall shown in FIG. 10, first, a wall body WP is placed on a concrete stabilizer 61 installed on the groundwork, and anchor bolts 62 erected on the stabilizer are horizontal. The wall WP is fixed by penetrating the bolt insertion hole 54 of the slab HS and tightening a nut 63 at the upper end thereof.
After the plurality of wall bodies WP are erected and fixed so that the front faces of the vertical slabs VS are aligned on a common vertical plane, the horizontal streaks 64 are inserted into the horizontal streak insertion holes 53 of the adjacent wall bodies WP as shown in FIG.
And the ends of the horizontal streaks having the same height are connected to each other, and the vertical streaks 65 are connected to the horizontal streaks to form a reinforcing bar. Further, one end of a separator 66 composed of a bolt is screwed into the insert 55 of the wall column 51 and fixed. The separator 6
6 is passed through a back plate BP made of a reinforced concrete plate, and a nut 67 is fastened to the end thereof.
The wall form WP and the back plate BP constitute a permanent form having a hollow portion therebetween. Then, a gel-like filler F using cement as a binder is injected into the hollow portion. As the gel-like filler, it is preferable to use ready-mixed concrete obtained by kneading waste material of a concrete building or the like and mortar using high-strength cement in order to prevent environmental destruction and recycle resources.

The wall provided with the insert 55 shown in FIG. 8 is used when a wall is constructed with this wall, or when a foundation wall of a basement is constructed, on the side of the fence site or in the basement. It can be used for attaching or hanging other small items. When a rectangular parallelepiped material that can be nailed is used for the insert 55, it is convenient because nailing can be performed at any time when nailing is required indoors.

[0047]

As described above, according to the method of the present invention, the vertical slab forming section having a large length is fixed in a horizontal state, and the horizontal slab forming section having a short length is fixed in an upright state. Can be used at a low height. Therefore,
Equipment costs are reduced, and the stability of the mold during manufacture is improved.
In addition, concrete can be poured from the opening on the upper surface of the vertical slab forming part and the small opening on the upper surface of the horizontal slab forming part located at a low position, so that concrete placing work can be performed safely and easily, and demolding work is also possible. Due to the safety and speed, the time required to manufacture the wall is significantly reduced. Also,
Since the standing height of the horizontal slab forming part is small, the concrete flow resistance is small, so the casting time is shortened, and
The homogeneity of the organization of the finished product is ensured.

A mold is connected to a back plate forming a part of a horizontal slab forming part and a bottom plate forming a part of a vertical slab forming part in an L-shaped cross section, and to both ends of the back plate and the bottom plate. A lower die provided with a pair of end plates that form side surfaces of the horizontal slab forming section and the vertical slab forming section, the lower die being provided in an L-shape along a plane perpendicular to the two plates; The front plate constituting the part and the upper plate constituting a part of the vertical slab forming part are formed along the cross-sectional shapes of the back plate and the bottom plate of the lower mold by L
And an upper mold formed in a letter shape.
The bottom plate is set in a horizontal state, and the back plate is set upright,
After installing the reinforcing bars in the lower mold, if the upper mold is removably connected to the lower mold plate to complete the formwork, the reinforcing work can be performed easily, and , The demolding work is very easy.

When the ready-mixed concrete is poured from the opening provided on the upper surface of the vertical slab forming section, and then the insert is buried in the ready-mixed concrete from the opening, the insert is inserted into the completed wall. No time is required for installation, and the insert is easily and reliably mounted.

Further, according to the formwork of the present invention, the work of assembling and arranging the formwork can be performed smoothly, and the work of putting concrete and removing the mold after curing can be performed safely and promptly. . Furthermore, since the upper part is detachable of the lower part, when manufacturing walls having different heights and shapes of vertical slabs, the lower part can be used in common and only the upper part can be replaced, so that the equipment cost, Thus, the manufacturing cost can be significantly reduced.

The upper die is detachably connected to the lower die plate at least at both left and right edges of the upper plate, and the connection portions of the lower plate are provided at a plurality of positions in the longitudinal direction of the die plate. If an arbitrary connecting part can be selected according to the height, the height and the shape of the vertical slab will be different, so if the upper mold is replaced, the upper mold will be replaced with the lower mold in the same way Can be fixed. Therefore, by devising the end shape of the upper plate of the upper mold, it is also possible to manufacture a wall body in which the upper end of the vertical slab has a slope or a curve that matches the terrain.

A vertical wall for forming a part of a reinforcing bar assembly on the front plate of the upper die, and a lateral groove for forming a wall column on which another part of the reinforcing bar assembly can be disposed on the upper plate of the upper die. If you set each,
Place the upper mold on the lower mold, place a part of the reinforcing bar in the vertical groove of the upper mold, place the other part of the reinforcing bar in the horizontal groove, put the ready-mixed concrete, and the wall columns will be on the vertical slab, the horizontal slab will be Thus, a reinforced concrete wall in which a wall is formed can be obtained. Therefore, it is possible to manufacture a wall having a thin main wall and having sufficient strength.

When a hole is formed in the side wall of the lateral groove for forming a wall column at a right angle through the lateral groove for forming a wall column, a rod or the like is inserted through the through hole when the ready-mixed concrete is charged, and the hole is removed when the mold is removed. By extracting the rod, it is possible to manufacture a wall body in which a horizontal streak can be inserted through a wall column.

In the case where a hole is formed in the lower back plate and the bottom of the vertical wall for forming the wall of the upper die along a straight line perpendicular to the back plate, a rod is inserted into the hole. By forming the wall body in the inserted state and removing the rod later, it is possible to form a hole in the horizontal slab for inserting the anchor bolt implanted in the stabilizer.

The reinforcing bar assembly for manufacturing a reinforced concrete wall body according to the present invention is characterized in that a plurality of steel bars are joined to each other in a L-shaped cylindrical shape by binding wires into a lateral groove for forming a wall column and a vertical groove for forming a dependent wall. A plurality of cylinders arranged at corresponding positions are juxtaposed in parallel,
Since a bar net made of steel bars is joined to the upright portion and the horizontal portion of the cylindrical body, a wall body manufactured using the bar net has a large strength in the wall column and the wall. The thickness of the main wall can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a formwork according to the present invention in a state immediately before putting ready-mixed concrete.

FIG. 2 is a rear view of the same formwork.

FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing the mold of FIG. 1 separately for each component.

FIG. 4 is an exploded cross-sectional view illustrating a basic configuration of the mold frame.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the form during the manufacture of the wall.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a reinforcing bar buried in a wall body manufactured according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a hopper used for putting concrete.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a wall body manufactured using the formwork according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing various forms of a wall body that can be manufactured by bending according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view of a heavy-weight retaining wall constructed using the wall body of FIG. 8;

FIG. 11 is a rear view showing the state of the back surface of the wall body before concrete casting.

FIG. 12 is a sectional view taken along line XX of FIG. 4;

FIG. 13 is a perspective view illustrating a conventional method for manufacturing a wall.

FIG. 14 is a sectional view of a conventional mold.

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a structure of a wall body manufactured by a conventional method.

[Explanation of symbols]

 MF Formwork A Vertical slab forming section B Horizontal slab forming section 1 Lower die 11 Back plate 12 Bottom plate 13,14 Wife plate 2 Upper die 21 Front plate 22 Upper plate 23 Vertical grooves 24a, 24b Horizontal grooves 24 Concrete opening 25 Vertical slab height Height setting plate 3 Upper fore edge of horizontal slab forming part 4 Reinforcing bar 51 Wall column 52 Wall wall 53, 54 Hole 55 Insert

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A method for manufacturing a reinforced concrete wall having a horizontal slab at a lower end portion of a vertical slab, comprising: (a) forming a mold having a vertical slab forming section and a horizontal slab forming section by horizontally moving the vertical slab forming section; Leaving the horizontal slab forming section in an upright state and arranging reinforcing bars in each slab forming section, (b) an opening provided on the upper surface of the vertical slab forming section of the formwork and the horizontal slab forming section (C) waiting for the hardening and curing of the ready-mixed concrete, and removing the ready-mixed concrete from the top edge of the ready-mixed concrete. 2. A formwork comprising: a back plate forming part of a horizontal slab forming part and a bottom plate forming part of a vertical slab forming part having an L-shaped cross section; and both sides of the back plate and the bottom plate. A lower die having two end plates, which can be opened and closed, at both ends of the horizontal slab forming part and the side parts of the vertical slab forming part, which are substantially L-shaped continuously along a plane perpendicular to the two plates; An upper die formed by joining a front plate constituting the remaining portion of the horizontal slab forming portion and an upper plate forming the remaining portion of the vertical slab forming portion substantially in an L-shape along the cross-sectional shapes of the lower plate and the bottom plate. The lower mold is installed with the bottom plate in a horizontal state, the back plate in a vertical upright state, and the both end plates are closed, and after reinforcing bars are installed in the lower mold, the lower mold is installed. 2. The reinforcing bar according to claim 1, wherein the upper frame is connected to a mold to assemble a mold. Method of manufacturing a Nkurito wall. 3. The reinforced concrete according to claim 2, wherein after the ready-mixed concrete is poured from the opening provided on the upper surface of the vertical slab forming section, an insert is buried in the ready-mixed concrete from the opening. The method of manufacturing the wall. 4. A vertical back plate forming a part of the horizontal slab forming part and a horizontal bottom plate forming a part of the vertical slab forming part are joined in an L-shaped cross section, and both sides of the back plate and the bottom plate are formed. A lower die having two end plates, which can be freely opened and closed, at both ends of the horizontal slab forming part and the side part of the vertical slab forming part, which are substantially L-shaped continuously along a plane perpendicular to the two plates; A front plate constituting the remaining portion of the horizontal slab molding portion and an upper plate constituting the remaining portion of the vertical slab molding portion are joined in a substantially L-shape along the cross-sectional shapes of the back plate and the bottom plate of the lower die,
An upper die connected to the lower die in a state where the front plate and the upper plate are separated from the back plate and the bottom plate of the lower die, and a connecting means for detachably connecting the upper die to the lower die,
Formwork for manufacturing reinforced concrete walls. 5. The upper die is detachably connected to the lower die plate at least at both left and right edges of the upper plate, and the connection portions of the lower plate are provided at a plurality of positions in the longitudinal direction of the lower plate. The mold for manufacturing a reinforced concrete wall according to claim 4, wherein an arbitrary connecting portion can be selected according to the length of the reinforced concrete wall. 6. The reinforced concrete wall according to claim 4, wherein the front plate of the upper die has a vertical groove for forming a wall, and the upper plate of the upper die has a horizontal groove for forming a wall column. Formwork for body production. 7. A side wall of the lateral groove for forming a wall column of the upper die is provided with holes penetrating the side wall along a plurality of parallel straight lines perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the lateral groove for forming a wall column. The formwork for producing a reinforced concrete wall according to claim 6, characterized in that: 8. The back plate of the lower die and the bottom of the vertical groove for forming the wall of the upper die are provided with holes penetrating along a straight line perpendicular to the back plate. Item 7. The formwork for producing a reinforced concrete wall according to item 6 or 7. 9. A plurality of cylindrical bodies which are joined to a steel bar and a binding wire into an L-shaped cylindrical shape and which are arranged at positions corresponding to the horizontal grooves for forming the wall columns and the vertical grooves for forming the dependent walls of the formwork. A reinforcing bar assembly for producing a reinforced concrete wall, which is juxtaposed in parallel, and a bar net made of a steel bar is joined to an upright portion and a horizontal portion of the cylindrical body, respectively.