JPH11198595A - Transfer method to uneven base material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To form a transfer layer on a base material to be transferred of an uneven shape, especially, a three-dimensional uneven shape. SOLUTION: For a method to transfer a transfer layer to a base material B to be transferred having an uneven shape, using a transfer sheet S wherein a transfer layer is provided on a supporting body sheet, in a mixed particle tank where a large particulate diameter high specific gravity particle Pb and a small particulate diameter low specific gravity particle Ps, as solid particles P, are mixed and stored, the base material to be transferred of which the surface to be transferred faces downward, is pushed into the mixed particle tank from the top to the bottom with the transfer sheet of which the transfer layer side faces upward, being inserted between the base material to be transferred and the mixed particles, while applying vibration to either one or both of the solid particles and the base material to be transferred, and thus, a transfer pressure is applied, and the transfer is performed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a transfer method suitable for transferring and forming a transfer layer on a substrate having irregularities, particularly three-dimensional irregularities.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Heretofore, as a transfer method for transferring a transfer layer to a transfer substrate having a three-dimensional uneven shape, for example, the following method has been known.

Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-29647, Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-59876 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-270199 disclose a transfer method in which transfer pressure and heat are applied by a transfer roller composed of a rubber roller such as silicone rubber. doing. That is, Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-29647 discloses
Disclosed is a method in which a transfer roller applies transfer pressure and heat to a transfer sheet by a transfer roller to transfer a transfer layer over the entire surface of each transfer-receiving base material having a cross-section of a U-shape or the like and a cross-sectionally shaped columnar material. doing. Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-59876 discloses a method in which an adhesive layer is formed only on convex portions of irregularities of a substrate to be transferred, a transfer sheet is placed on the adhesive layer, and a transfer roller applies transfer pressure and heat to the convex portions. Discloses a method for partially transferring the transfer layer only to the transfer layer.
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 5-270199 discloses a method of partially transferring only a convex portion of a substrate to be transferred, as in Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-59876, but hard transfer with a rubber hardness of 70 ° or more. It discloses a method in which a boundary between a transfer portion and a non-transfer portion can be finely divided by applying heat pressure with a roller.

In Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 5-139097, heat pressure is applied to a concave / convex shape formed by embossing of a substrate to be transferred by a soft transfer roller having a rubber hardness of 60 ° or less.
A method of transferring a transfer layer by causing a transfer sheet to follow an uneven shape is disclosed. In addition, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-270199
In Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Publication No. H10-207, after applying heat pressure to a transfer sheet by a hard transfer roller having a rubber hardness of 70 ° or more, further heat pressure is applied to the transfer sheet by a soft transfer roller having a rubber hardness of 60 ° or less. A method of transferring a sheet while following the sheet is also disclosed. Alternatively, using a roller using a foam made of sponge instead of rubber for the transfer roller, applying heat pressure to the transfer sheet with this transfer roller, and causing the transfer sheet to follow the uneven shape of the base material to be transferred, and transfer. There is also a way to do it. Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-45768 (overlay method) and Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-58014 (vacuum pressing method)
There is also a vacuum forming transfer method using a pressure difference as a transfer pressure using a so-called vacuum forming and laminating method utilizing pressure and heat due to an air pressure difference caused by vacuum suction from the transfer-receiving substrate side.

In Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-2513, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5, a transfer sheet S is placed with the transfer layer side up on a stacked layer 8 obtained by storing a large number of solid particles P in a printing tank 7, and the transfer sheet S is covered from above the transfer sheet. Transfer substrate B
Abutting against the transfer sheet and press-fitting into the accumulation layer, and at this time, at least one of the accumulation layer and the base material to be transferred is press-fitted by vibration to give heat pressure to transfer. Is disclosed.

[0006]

However, the above-mentioned transfer methods have the following problems. In the general transfer method, the rubber hardness of the transfer roller is about 70 °, and the transferability to a flat surface is excellent, but the transferability to an uneven surface is poor, and the transfer is performed only on a flat convex portion. Limited to cases. In the transfer method using a soft rubber roller having a rubber hardness of 60 ° or less as the transfer roller, the transfer sheet can follow and transfer the transfer sheet if the shape is slightly uneven (for example, the depth of the recess is 1 mm or less). Cannot transfer. In addition, the pressure is still insufficient around the concave portion, resulting in poor adhesion of the transfer layer or the transfer roller being locally deformed by the convex portion,
Accelerates roller rubber degradation. In the transfer method using a transfer roller using a foam, the transfer sheet can follow a slight uneven shape if the foam is a flexible foam, but since the foam part also serves as a heat supply body, the transfer is performed. Not supply enough heat to In the vacuum forming transfer method described above, a sufficient pressure cannot be applied as compared with the rubber roller pressurization because the air pressure difference is used. Further, the apparatus is of a batch type, and the production efficiency is poor. In the transfer method using the accumulation layer of solid particles stored in the printing tank, the flow of the solid particles in the accumulation layer becomes insufficient, and the transfer sheet is not sufficiently formed in the uneven shape of the substrate to be transferred contrary to expectation. Can not be followed. That is, when the transfer sheet and the substrate to be transferred are placed on the stacking layer and these are pushed in from above so as to eliminate solid particles, the movement of the particles is sealed at the bottom and side surfaces of the printing tank. This is because the particles cannot flow freely.

[0007]

Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the method of transferring to an uneven substrate according to the present invention, the transfer layer having a transfer layer provided on a support sheet is used to transfer the transfer layer to the uneven surface. In the method of transferring to a transfer-receiving substrate having a shape,
The transfer layer side is directed upward while applying vibration to either or both of the solid particles and the base material to be transferred to the mixed particle tank in which the large and high specific gravity particles and the small and low specific gravity particles are mixed and stored as solid particles. By pressing the base material to be transferred from above into the mixed particle tank through the transfer sheet between
Transfer was performed by applying a transfer pressure. The solid particles whose fluidity has increased due to vibration move in the process of forcing the base material to be transferred, due to the difference in particle size and specific gravity, large and high specific gravity particles move downward, and small particle and low specific gravity particles move upward. . For this reason, in the transfer method of the present invention, the solid particles in the vicinity of the substrate to be transferred have a large proportion of small-diameter and low-specific-gravity particles. By following the transfer sheet, a transfer pressure can be applied even to the inside of the minute concave portion to perform transfer.

[0008]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, an embodiment of the method of transferring to an uneven substrate according to the present invention will be described.

First, FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a method of transferring to an uneven substrate according to the present invention. FIG. 1A shows a state before the transfer pressure is pressed, and FIG. 1B shows a state where the transfer pressure is pressed. In the present invention, as a transfer pressure, a transfer sheet B is transferred from above to a mixed particle tank 1 in which large and high specific gravity particles Pb and small and low specific gravity particles Ps are mixed and stored as solid particles P. The repulsive force obtained by pushing through S is used. As shown in FIG. 1 (A), the solid particles P in the mixed particle tank 1 before the transfer substrate is pushed into the large-diameter high-specific-gravity particles Pb and the small-diameter low-specific-gravity particles Ps by mechanical stirring or the like. It is in a state of being substantially uniformly mixed. Although not shown, the transfer layer side of the transfer sheet S faces the base material B to be transferred.
The transfer-receiving base material B is an uneven base material having an uneven shape as shown in, for example, a main part enlarged perspective view of FIG. Then, while applying vibration to one or both of the solid particles and the transfer-receiving substrate, the transfer-receiving substrate is pressed down into the mixed particle tank via the transfer sheet with the transfer surface having the uneven shape facing downward. Go. Then, the fluidity increases due to the vibration, and the solid particles (group) that behave like a heavy (high-density) liquid are pushed out by the base material to be transferred, but the solid particles are large due to the difference in particle size and specific gravity. The high-density particles move downward, and the low-density particles move upward. For this reason, the ratio of the small-diameter and low-specific-gravity particles increases near the substrate to be transferred, and the transfer sheet follows the transfer sheet with the small-diameter and low-specific-gravity particles even in fine irregularities that cannot be followed by the large-diameter and high-specific-gravity particles. As a result, the transfer pressure can be applied even to the inside of the fine concave portion, and it is possible to transfer not only the normal unevenness but also the fine unevenness. In addition, even after the transfer substrate is pushed into the mixed particle tank, a sufficient time may be given to the transfer sheet so that the transfer sheet is formed to follow the uneven shape. When the transfer substrate is pushed into the mixed particle tank, the transfer sheet only needs to be located between the transfer substrate and the mixed particle tank, and may be temporarily fixed to the transfer substrate in advance (FIG. 3) or mixed. It may be placed on the solid particles in the particle tank.

[Vibration of Solid Particles and Transferred Substrate] When the transferred substrate is pushed into the mixed particle tank and the transfer pressure is pressed,
This is performed while applying vibration to one or preferably both of the solid particles and the substrate to be transferred. The frequency of the vibration may be any value as long as the solid particles exhibit a mobility. For example, it is an ultrasonic range from 10 Hz to 20 kHz or more.
The direction of the vibration may be any direction, such as a horizontal direction, a vertical direction, or an oblique direction, and may be appropriately selected depending on the uneven shape of the substrate to be transferred and the solid particles to be used, and these directions may be appropriately combined. The vibration can be an electric excitation vibration by a piezo (piezoelectric) vibrator, an electrostrictive vibrator, a magnetostrictive vibrator, or the like, or a mechanical method such as converting a rotary motion of an electric motor into a reciprocating motion by a cam or a crank / piston mechanism. Excitation type vibration or the like may be used. For example, a vibrator such as an ultrasonic vibrator is inserted into the mixed particle tank or attached to the outer wall of the tank (see FIG. 3). In addition, the vibrator is pressed against the back and side surfaces of the transferred base material, or the vibrator is attached to a base material holding tool that holds and supports the transferred base material (FIG. 3).
reference).

[Heating] When the transfer pressure is pressed, the transfer sheet and the adhesive are usually heated, but these heatings are not always necessary. For example, in the case where the support sheet of the transfer sheet is a rubber film having an extensibility even at room temperature, the case where the adhesive is a liquid ionizing radiation curable resin or the like and is not a heat-sensitive type. This is because the transfer sheet is usually heated using a thermoplastic resin whose heat-stretchability is improved by heat. In addition, the heating of the adhesive is performed by using a heat-sensitive adhesive such as a heat-sensitive adhesive or a thermosetting adhesive, the adhesive force of which is expressed by heat, which is applied in advance on a transfer sheet or a substrate to be transferred. This is because a mold adhesive is used. For such heating, heated solid particles and the substrate to be transferred are used. One or both of these are heated. Alternatively, the transfer sheet itself may be directly heated. Preferably, heated solid particles are used, and the substrate to be transferred is preferably heated (preheated) when the heat capacity of the substrate is large. The heating temperature depends on the type of the transfer sheet or the adhesive, but the heating temperature of the solid particles is, for example, about 70 to 150 ° C, and the heating temperature of the substrate to be transferred is room temperature (for example, when the heat capacity is small) to about 150 ° C. is there.

Next, FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a series of operations in one embodiment of the method of transferring to an uneven substrate according to the present invention. In the figure, solid particles P are obtained by mixing and storing large-diameter, high-specific-gravity particles and small-diameter, low-specific-gravity particles in a mixed particle tank 1, and the solid particles are heated by a heat source (not shown). . On the other hand, the transfer-receiving substrate B
Is performed by gripping the transfer surface downward from above with the substrate gripping tool 2 and transporting it over the mixed particle tank to perform a series of operations.
First, as shown in (A), the substrate to be transferred B is heated from below by a heating device 3 using a known heating means such as infrared radiation heating as the substrate preheating. The heating is efficient since only the vicinity of the transfer surface can be heated from the transfer surface side as shown in FIG. However, heating from the back (upper side) may be used. In addition,
The preheating of the base material can be omitted when it is not necessary to heat the transfer sheet and the adhesive. Further, even when heating is required, the case where the solid particles or the transfer sheet is heated and the heat capacity of the transfer-receiving substrate is small can be omitted. Next, as shown in (B), the transfer sheet S is pressed against the transfer surface by the pressing roller 4 and is temporarily fixed to the transfer substrate. The fixation may be performed only on a part of the convex portion or the like of the base material to be transferred so that the transfer sheet is lightly adhered so as not to fall. Thereafter, the substrate to be transferred is pushed downward into the mixed particle tank from above by lowering the substrate holder as shown in FIG. The pressing is performed by driving a fluid pressure cylinder connected to the substrate holding tool 2 or the like. Vibration is applied to both the solid particles and the base material to be transferred by the vibrator 5 such as a piezoelectric type during the pressing, or while the pressing is performed to a predetermined depth and appropriately stopped. Vibration is applied to the solid particles by a plurality of vibrators 5 provided on the bottom surface of the mixed particle tank 1, and a substrate gripper 2 is
Vibration is applied by a plurality of transducers 5 provided on the back surface of. As a result, in the solid particles in the vicinity of the substrate to be transferred, the ratio of the small-diameter and low-specific-gravity particles increases, and the transfer pressure for following the transfer sheet to the fine irregularities is pressed. Thereafter, the solid particles and the substrate to be transferred are appropriately cooled by leaving them or blowing cold air thereon, and the temperature is reduced to a temperature at which the transfer sheet does not return and the support can be peeled off. The transfer sheet W is obtained by peeling the support sheet of the above by the peeling roller 6. Peeling may be performed manually.

Hereinafter, the method of transferring to an uneven substrate according to the present invention will be described in detail.

[Solid Particles] Solid particles include metals such as iron or iron alloys such as carbon steel and stainless steel, aluminum or aluminum alloys such as duralumin, and metal beads such as titanium, copper, zinc, lead and uranium. Particles, or non-metallic inorganic particles such as glass beads, ceramic beads, calcium carbonate beads, alumina beads, zirconia beads, alundum beads, inorganic powders such as corundum beads, fluororesin beads, silicone resin beads,
Synthetic resin particles such as nylon beads can be used. The size of the particle and the specific gravity of the large and high specific gravity particles and the small and low specific gravity particles include the relative size of the particles and the relative specific gravity of the two particles. Means things. The large and small particle sizes and the high and low specific gravities are not absolute. For example, even if both are the same metal particles,
As for the specific gravity, one is made of iron (high specific gravity) and the other is made of aluminum (low specific gravity). However, the larger the difference between the specific gravities, the more easily the large-diameter high-specific-gravity particles and small-diameter low-specific-gravity particles are separated by vibration, which is preferable. The same applies to the size of the particle size. Also, as the particle size of the solid particles,
Usually about 10 μm to 5 mm, preferably 0.1 mm to
A combination of large-diameter, high-specific-gravity particles and small-diameter, low-specific-gravity particles may be selected from a range of about 1 mm. The shape of both particles is preferably a spherical shape such as a perfect spherical shape or a spheroidal shape in which individual solid particles can easily behave freely, but a polyhedral shape, an amorphous shape, or any other shape may also be used. In addition,
When the solid particles are used by heating, it is preferable to use metal particles or the like having good thermal conductivity and good heat resistance (for example, 200 ° C. or higher). The heating method may be heating by an electric heater provided in the mixed particle tank or on the outer wall of the tank, a heating tube through which heated steam is passed, or the like.

[Substrate to be Transferred] The substrate to be transferred is not particularly limited as long as it is an irregular substrate having an irregular shape on its surface to be transferred. The uneven shape may be two-dimensional unevenness or three-dimensional unevenness. According to the present invention, it is possible to transfer even two-dimensional unevenness or three-dimensional unevenness that is impossible with a transfer method using a conventional rubber transfer roller. Irregularities with or without corners, the depth of the irregularities is generally, for example, about 1 to 50 mm. However, even a deeper one can be transferred if conditions such as sufficient transferability of the transfer sheet are satisfied. . Further, if the width of the opening of the concave portion is about 20% or more of the depth of the concave portion, the transfer to the inside of the concave portion is easy. The substrate to be transferred may be a substrate having not only a flat plate material (having an envelope shape) as a whole, but also a substrate having two-dimensional irregularities whose cross section is curved (including bent) in one direction in a convex or concave arc shape. The curved surface may have finer three-dimensional surface irregularities. The transfer method to the uneven base material according to the present invention can transfer even to such a transfer base material whose envelope surface of the transfer surface is non-planar and cannot be transferred by the transfer method using a conventional transfer roller.

The concavo-convex shape may be, for example, concavo-convex having fine irregularities superimposed on large irregularities, or irregularities having a surface to be painted on the bottom of the concave portion or the inner surface of the concave portion of the concave-convex surface.
The large irregularities and the fine irregularities are, for example, as shown in the main part enlarged perspective view of FIG. 2, the irregularities of the transfer-receiving base material B are large irregularities formed of groove-shaped concave portions 41 and convex portions 42. The large irregularities are composed of fine irregularities 43 on the convexities 42 of the large irregularities. The large irregularities have a step of 1 to 10 mm, a width of the concave portion of 1 to 10 mm, and a width of the convex portion of 5 mm or more. The fine unevenness is smaller than the large unevenness in both the step and the width. Specifically, the step is 0.1%.
About 5 mm, the width of the concave portion and the width of the convex portion are 0.1 mm or more, and less than about 1/2 of the width of the convex portion having a large irregular shape. For example, in a cosmetic material, as a specific example of a concavo-convex pattern formed of a combination of large irregularities and fine irregularities, and having three-dimensional surface irregularities, for example, joints and grooves as large irregularities It has a two-dimensional array pattern of tiles, bricks, stones, etc., and has fine irregularities on the spray painted surface such as stucco, ricin, etc., the cleavage surface of granite and the surface of stone material such as travertine marble plate It has a stone-grained irregular pattern with irregularities, etc., as a large irregular pattern, a paneling pattern with grooves, grooves, stirrups, seeds, etc., a floating wood grain pattern, and a conduit groove as fine irregularities on it, and an annual ring embossed , A woodgrain pattern having a hairline and the like.

The material of the substrate to be transferred is arbitrary.
Non-porcelain ceramic plates such as calcium silicate plate, extruded cement plate, slag cement plate, ALC (lightweight cellular concrete) plate, GRC (glass fiber reinforced concrete) plate, pulp cement plate, wood veneer, etc. Wood plywood, particle board, glued laminated wood, wood board such as wood medium density fiber board (MDF), metal board such as iron, aluminum, copper, ceramics such as ceramics and glass, polypropylene, ABS resin, phenol resin, etc. A resin molded product may be used. In addition, these transfer substrate surfaces, in advance,
An easy-adhesion primer for assisting the adhesion to the adhesive or a sealer for sealing and sealing fine irregularities and porosity on the surface may be applied. A resin such as an isocyanate, a two-part curable urethane resin, an epoxy resin, an acrylic resin, or a vinyl acetate resin is applied as an easy-adhesion primer or a sealer.

[Transfer Sheet] The transfer sheet only needs to have a formability that follows the uneven shape of the substrate, and a conventionally known transfer sheet can be used, and is not particularly limited. The transfer sheet is composed of a release support sheet, and a transfer layer having a function to be provided by transfer, for example, by providing a decoration with a pattern or the like. For this reason, the transfer layer is appropriately composed of a decorative layer, an adhesive layer, and the like. The adhesive layer may be omitted. In addition, a release layer that transfers to the transfer sheet on the support sheet side,
On the transfer layer side of the support sheet, there is also a configuration in which a release layer or the like that does not transfer to a transfer is appropriately provided. Incidentally, the transfer sheet S illustrated in FIG. 4 has a configuration in which a release layer 33, a decorative layer 34, and an adhesive layer 35 are stacked as a transfer layer 32 on a support sheet 31.

(Support Sheet) As the support sheet,
At least at the time of transfer, a sheet having stretchability is used. Therefore, as the support sheet, a rubber film that can be stretched even at room temperature can be used in addition to a conventionally known film (sheet) made of a thermoplastic resin. In the case of a thermoplastic resin film, the transfer sheet is usually heated when the transfer pressure is pressed, but in the case of the rubber film, the transfer sheet is not necessarily heated when the transfer pressure is pressed. As a specific example of the support sheet, a biaxially stretched polyethylene terephthalate film, which has been widely used in the past, is required to have sufficient and sufficient stretchability by setting heating conditions, transfer pressure conditions, and the like, depending on the surface unevenness. Can be expressed. However, preferred support sheets that easily exhibit extensibility at lower temperature and lower pressure include, for example, thermoplastic polyester resins such as ethylene terephthalate / isophthalate copolymer polyester and polybutylene terephthalate, polypropylene, polyethylene, and polymethylpentene. , Polyolefin resin such as ethylene-propylene-butene terpolymer, vinyl chloride resin, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, acrylic resin, polyamide resin,
It is possible to use a resin film having a single layer or a mixture of different layers of a polycarbonate resin, a thermoplastic urethane resin, or a natural rubber, a synthetic rubber, an olefin-based thermoplastic elastomer, a urethane-based thermoplastic elastomer, or the like alone or as a mixture. These resin films are preferably low stretched or unstretched. For example, the thermoplastic polyester resin is preferably low stretched. Further, specifically, for example, a polypropylene-based thermoplastic elastomer film is one of the preferable support sheets which has excellent stretching properties, does not generate hydrochloric acid gas during waste combustion and is environmentally friendly. The thickness of the support sheet is 10 to 300 μm, preferably 50 to 10 μm.
It is about 0 μm.

The support sheet may be provided, if necessary, with a release layer on the transfer layer side to improve the releasability from the transfer layer. This release layer is removed together with the support sheet from the transfer layer when the support sheet is peeled off. As the release layer, for example, a simple substance such as a silicone resin, a melamine resin, a polyamide resin, a urethane resin, a polyolefin resin, a wax, or a mixture containing these is used.

(Transfer Layer) The transfer layer is usually composed of at least a decorative layer, and a release layer, an adhesive layer and the like may be suitably used as components of the transfer layer. In the configuration having the adhesive layer, it is possible to omit applying the adhesive to one or both of the transfer sheet and the substrate to be transferred at the time of transfer.

(Decoration layer) The decoration layer is formed by a conventionally known method such as gravure printing, silk screen printing, offset printing, or the like.
A pattern layer on which a pattern or the like is printed with a material, a metal thin film layer or the like formed partially or entirely of a metal such as aluminum, chromium, gold, and silver by using a known vapor deposition method, etc. . A wood pattern, a stone pattern, a cloth pattern, a tile pattern, a brick pattern, a leather pattern, a character, a geometric pattern, a solid pattern, or the like is used as the pattern according to the surface irregularities of the substrate to be transferred. The picture layer ink is composed of a vehicle such as a binder, a coloring agent such as a pigment or a dye, and various additives appropriately added thereto. In the binder resin,
(Heat) A resin having good stretchability is preferable. For example, an acrylic resin, a vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, a butyral resin, a thermoplastic polyester resin, a cellulosic resin, a thermoplastic polyurethane resin, and the like, or a mixture containing these, may be used. Used. As the pigment of the colorant, inorganic pigments such as titanium white, carbon black, red iron oxide, graphite, and ultramarine blue, and organic pigments such as aniline black, quinacridone, isoindolinone, and phthalocyanine blue are used.

(Release Layer) The release layer may be used to adjust the releasability between the support sheet or release layer and the decorative layer, and to protect the surface of the decorative layer after transfer. The arrangement between these layers is the same as that of a conventionally known transfer sheet. For the release layer, for example, a resin or the like used as a binder of the picture layer ink is used. When coating on the transfer layer after the transfer, one that takes recoatability into consideration is used. In addition,
The release layer is transferred together with the decorative layer to the substrate to be transferred at the time of transfer, and covers the surface of the decorative layer.

The transfer sheet may be provided with a large number of fine holes which penetrate the entire transfer sheet as necessary, particularly in the concave and convex portions of the transfer sheet. It is also possible to evacuate the residual air trapped between the transfer sheet and the transfer sheet. The diameter of the holes is usually about 0.1 to 1 mm, and the density of the holes is about 1 to 100 / cm ² . In addition, the function imparted by the transfer layer, in addition to the purpose of simply providing a visible pattern such as a pattern, a character, or a figure to a molded product, or the like, an invisible pattern, or a hard coating, a conductive layer, It also includes providing a functional layer such as an antimicrobial agent layer. In this case, a functional layer is provided in place of the decorative layer of the picture or the like. As an example of a pattern that is not visible, a pattern printed with a fluorescent ink that is colorless and transparent to visible light and emits fluorescent light by irradiation with ultraviolet light, or the like is used.

[Adhesive] The adhesive is used as an adhesive layer constituting the transfer layer of the transfer sheet or as an adhesive layer on the substrate to be transferred, in advance, or immediately before transfer, by in-line coating or off-line coating. Apply by mechanic. When applied to a substrate to be transferred, the adhesive layer of the transfer sheet transfer layer can be omitted. The adhesive to be used may be appropriately selected depending on the application, required physical properties, and the like. Examples of the adhesive include a heat-sensitive adhesive, a moisture-curable heat-sensitive adhesive, a hot-melt adhesive, a moisture-curable hot-melt adhesive, a two-part curable adhesive, an ionizing radiation-curable adhesive, and an aqueous adhesive. Various adhesives such as a pressure-sensitive adhesive or an adhesive can be used. As the heat-sensitive adhesive,
Either a heat-sealing adhesive using a thermoplastic resin or a thermosetting adhesive using a thermosetting resin can be used. However, from the viewpoint that the bonding is completed in a short time, a heat fusion type (heat-sensitive adhesive) is preferable. The adhesive may be diluted with a solvent or without a solvent, or may be a liquid or a solid at room temperature. In the case of an adhesive other than a pressure-sensitive adhesive exhibiting tackiness, a transfer layer can be formed with only a single adhesive layer. If a coloring agent such as a pigment is added to the adhesive layer, it can be said that the entire layer is a decorative layer composed of a solid ink layer. For example, as a heat-sensitive adhesive, polyvinyl acetate resin, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, acrylic resin, thermoplastic polyester resin, thermoplastic urethane resin, polyamide resin obtained by polycondensation of dimer acid and ethylenediamine Conventionally known adhesives such as can be used. As the thermosetting adhesive, a phenol resin, a urea resin, a diallyl phthalate resin, a thermosetting urethane resin, an epoxy resin, or the like can be used.

[Application of Transferred Article] The transferred article obtained by the present invention can be used for various purposes as an article having an irregular surface such as a three-dimensional shape, particularly a surface to be transferred. For example, as a cosmetic material, exterior walls such as siding, fences, roofs, gates, exteriors such as gables, wall surfaces, ceilings, interiors of buildings such as floors, window frames, doors,
Surface decoration of fittings such as handrails, sills, Kamoi, furniture such as chests and cabinets of light electric / OA equipment such as television receivers, interior decoration of vehicles such as automobiles and trains, interior decoration of aircraft and ships, etc. Can be used in various fields. The decorative material is used as a decorative board or the like. The shape of the transfer product including the cosmetic material is arbitrary such as a flat plate, a curved plate, a rod, a three-dimensional object, and the like.

[Post-processing] In order to impart durability, a sense of design, and the like to the surface of the transferred product after the transfer, a transparent protective layer or the like may be further applied as a top coat layer. The top coat layer is formed according to the intended use and required physical properties. For such a top coat layer, for example, one or two or more of a fluororesin such as polyethylene fluoride, polyvinylidene fluoride, an acrylic resin such as polymethyl methacrylate, a silicone resin, and a urethane resin are used as a binder. If necessary, use a paint to which an ultraviolet absorber such as benzotriazole or ultrafine cerium oxide, a light stabilizer such as a hindered amine radical scavenger, a coloring pigment, an extender pigment, or a lubricant is added. For exterior use, an inorganic paint can also be used. Coating is spray painting,
It is performed by flow coating, roll coating using a soft rubber roller or a sponge roller, or the like. Topcoat thickness is 1 ~
It is about 100 μm.

[0028]

The present invention will now be described by way of Examples and Comparative Examples.
This will be described more specifically.

(Example) As a transfer sheet S, as shown in FIG. 4, a support sheet 31 made of a thermoplastic resin is formed on one side of a polypropylene film (50 μm thick), and a transfer layer 32 is formed of an acrylic resin ink. After the gravure printing of the release layer 33 with a thickness of 2 μm, a 2 to 8 weight ratio mixture of a vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer and an acrylic resin is used as a binder resin, and phthalocyanine blue, quinacridone, isoindolinone, and titanium are used as pigments. A transfer layer was prepared by gravure printing a decorative layer 34 of a stone pattern having joints with an ink using white and an adhesive layer 35 with an adhesive made of a vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer. On the other hand, as the substrate to be transferred B, as shown in FIG. 2, the uneven shape is an uneven surface having a brick-stacking arrangement tone and a depth of 2 mm and a width (width) of 7 m.
m, a concave portion 41 serving as a joint groove, and a convex portion 42 serving as a brick portion
Form large irregularities, and a depth of 0.1 to
A plate-like slag cement siding material having a thickness of 18 mm and having a matte-like fine unevenness 43 distributed in 0.5 mm was prepared. The transfer-receiving base material was previously subjected to a sealer treatment with a urethane sealer.

Next, in the method shown in FIG. 3, the above-mentioned substrate to be transferred is conveyed while being gripped by a substrate gripper connected to a hydraulic cylinder, and heated to 50 ° C. by an infrared radiation heater. Was laminated with the transfer layer side facing the substrate to be transferred, and pressed into solid particles (layer) heated to 120 ° C., which were mixed and stored in a mixed particle tank. As the solid particles, copper spherical particles having a particle diameter of 1 mm as large-diameter high-specific gravity particles and glass spherical particles having a particle diameter of 0.1 mm as small-diameter low-specific gravity particles were used at a weight ratio of 1: 1. When the base material to be transferred is pressed, it is excited by a piezoelectric vibrator in contact with the lower part of the outer wall of the mixed particle tank and the base material holding tool, and has an amplitude of 0.5 mm and a frequency of 50 mm.
A horizontal vibration of Hz was applied to the solid particles and the substrate to be transferred. As a result, the solid particles move so as to flow into the concave portions of the substrate to be transferred, and the small-diameter, low-specific-gravity particles reach the upper side of the substrate to be transferred, so that the transfer sheet follows the fine concave portions. Could be molded. Then, the substrate to be transferred was removed from the mixed particle tank, and the support sheet was peeled off to obtain a transfer product. The transferred product was able to be transferred onto the entire uneven surface including the inside of the concave portion of the fine unevenness without transfer omission. After this, 0.2% by weight of a benzotriazole-based ultraviolet absorber was added.
The added two-component curable fluorine-urethane resin-based paint (comprising an isocyanate-crosslinkable fluorohydrocarbon resin) was spray-coated to a thickness of 10 μm to form a topcoat layer, and a siding material for exterior was obtained as a decorative plate. . In the decorative plate, an excellent design feeling was obtained due to the uneven shape and the stone pattern of the substrate to be transferred.

(Comparative Example) The transfer sheet and the substrate to be transferred prepared in the example were used as a transfer roller by a conventional transfer method.
Using a soft transfer roller having an IS rubber hardness of 60 degrees, transfer was performed by applying heat and pressure. As a result, the transfer sheet could not completely follow the inside of the concave portion, and transfer omission occurred.

(Summary of Transfer Result) Table 1 summarizes the transfer results of the examples and comparative examples.

[0033]

[Table 1]

[0034]

According to the method of transferring to an uneven substrate according to the present invention, when a transfer pressure is applied by pushing a substrate to be transferred from above into a particle tank containing solid particles through a transfer sheet therebetween. ,
As the particle tank, a mixed particle tank using large and high specific gravity particles and small and low specific gravity particles as solid particles is used. The specific gravity particles move downward, the small-diameter low-specific gravity particles move upward, and the ratio of the small-diameter low-specific gravity particles increases in the vicinity of the substrate to be transferred. Can be transferred to the inside of the concave portion of the fine unevenness. Accordingly, the same uniform transfer pressure is applied to both the convex portion and the concave bottom surface irrespective of the concave and convex shape, and good adhesion of the transfer layer together with the convex portion can be obtained inside the concave portion. Further, since the transfer pressure is not suddenly applied during transfer as in a conventional transfer roller, the occurrence of cracks in the transfer layer can be prevented. In addition, the substrate to be transferred can easily transfer not only a flat plate material, but also a wavy shape such as a roof tile (having an irregular envelope shape) or a convex or concave curved shape. it can. In addition, it is also possible to transfer on the convex portions of the large irregular surface and inside the concave portions (bottom portions and side surfaces that are the connecting portions between the convex portions and the bottom portion). Further, even when there is a finer uneven pattern (for example, a hairline, a satin finish, etc.) on the convex part of the large pattern unevenness, it is possible to decorate by transfer even in the concave part of the fine unevenness. Further, unlike the conventional transfer roller, there is no wear of parts such as the roller due to the uneven portion of the base material to be transferred. As a result, a transfer product such as a decorative material having a very excellent design property is obtained, which has not been obtained in the past.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a method of transferring to an uneven substrate according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of an essential part showing an example of a substrate to be transferred having an uneven shape.

FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a series of operations in one embodiment of the transfer method of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing an example of a transfer sheet that can be used in the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a conventional method using solid particles for transfer pressure.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 mixed particle tank 2 substrate holder 3 heating device 4 pressing roller 5 vibrator 6 peeling roller 7 printing tank 8 stacking layer 31 support sheet 32 transfer layer 33 peeling layer 34 decorative layer 35 adhesive layer 41 concave part 42 convex part 43 Fine irregularities B Substrate to be transferred (irregular substrate) P Solid particles Pb Large particle size high specific gravity particle Ps Small particle size low specific gravity particle S Transfer sheet W Transfer product (cosmetic material etc.)

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A method for transferring a transfer layer to a transfer substrate having an uneven shape using a transfer sheet having a transfer layer provided on a support sheet, comprising: a large particle, a high specific gravity particle and a small particle as solid particles. In the mixed particle tank in which the low-density particles are mixed and stored, while applying vibration to one or both of the solid particles and the base material to be transferred, the transfer medium is transferred through the transfer sheet with the transfer layer side facing upward. By pushing the substrate into the mixed particle tank from top to bottom,
A method of transferring to an uneven base material by transferring by applying a transfer pressure.