JPH11182759A - Flange fastening device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily fasten and release fastening with simple constitution. SOLUTION: A flange fastening device 1 is so constituted that parts between fastening parts of fastening bolts 2 and bolt heads are elongated at the time or applying oil force to a plurality of fastening bolts 2 through hydraulic piping 4 for bolts so as to release a fastened state between an upper flange 13 and a lower flange 14. The bolt head is of hammer shape extended in one direction, for instance, and oblong holes for allowing the bolt heads to pass through are formed in the upper flange 13. After loosening the fastened state of the fastening bolts 2, the direction of the bolt heads is adjusted to the direction of bolt holes, and a bolt support 3 is lowered to pull the fastening bolts 2 simultaneously out of the upper flange 13 to release fastening. The lower flange 14 and the fastening bolts 2 can be moved into another position along with the furnace bottom 12 by a furnace bottom moving truck 8 by putting out each fastening bolt 2 from the upper flange 13 along with the furnace bottom 12 by a lifter 7.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[0001] The present invention relates to a flange fastening device used in various plants and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Flange joints are used in various types of machinery and plants to connect components. In a flange joint, a plurality of fastening portions are provided at intervals in the circumferential direction, and the flanges are fastened with bolts or the like to connect the flanges. However, when bolts or the like are individually fastened or disassembled, it takes a long time when the number of bolts is large. In particular, when removing the bolt once fastened, a very large force is required. For this reason, the bolt joint type flange joint is used when it is not necessary to repeat fastening and disassembly very much.

Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 63-157407,
62971 or Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-79302 discloses a prior art concerning a mechanism using a bolt that can increase the fastening force using hydraulic pressure and maintain the state even when the hydraulic pressure is released. In these prior arts, a hydraulic pressure is applied to the bolt for the purpose of ensuring the fastening state, and the state is switched between a state in which the bolt is elongated to loosen the fastening force and a state in which the bolt is contracted to increase the fastening force. However, even if the bolt is extended to reduce the fastening force,
The fastening state is not released. Therefore, even if such a bolt is used for fastening the flange, the disassembly of the flange is not always easy.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION For example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. Hei 1-2
In a molten metal furnace disclosed in US Pat.
If the furnace body can be divided, a significant cost reduction can be achieved. In a smelting reduction plant, it is necessary to line the refractory brick at the bottom of the smelting reduction furnace and periodically repair its wear. In order to increase the operation rate of the equipment, it is conceivable to prepare a plurality of furnace bodies and continue the operation in another furnace body while repairing one furnace body. However, it is necessary to split the furnace body, replace only the bottom part where brick lining is required, and continue to operate using one bottom part while repairing one bottom part. For example, the cost can be significantly reduced as compared with a method in which the entire furnace body is replaced to repair the furnace bottom.

[0005] Since the smelting reduction furnace operates at a relatively high furnace pressure of about several kgf / cm ² · G, the efficiency of a splittable flange joint can be improved unless it is fastened / disassembled in a short time. And cost reduction cannot be achieved.
For this reason, a flange joint fastened with a simple bolt and nut cannot be used. 63-1
57407, JP-A-2-262971 or JP-A-5
Using only hydraulically extending bolts as shown in -79302 only weakens the fastening force between the flanges when the bolts are extended, and requires the fastening to replace with other equivalent hearths. The bolt must be able to be easily removed from the flange.

Further, as the size of the device increases, the size of the flanges and fastening bolts also increases, and the number of devices increases. Therefore, it is more difficult for a large-sized device to manually perform the fastening and release of the flange. That is, when fastening and loosening the bolts by hand, there are the following disadvantages. Larger bolt diameters make it difficult to operate by hand. The heavy weight of the bolt makes it difficult to remove and insert the bolt. Even if the operation is performed with the aid of a clamp or the like, the time required for all operations increases as the number of bolts increases. That is, the operation rate of the plant is reduced. It is necessary to finely adjust the bolt tightening force for each tightening operation. When using a torque wrench or the like for bolt tightening, it is necessary to adjust the tightening force.

In order to automate the fastening and unfastening of the flange, it is conceivable to rotate bolts and nuts with a hydraulic motor. However, such a system using a hydraulic motor has the following disadvantages. Equipment becomes expensive. Complicated and expensive hydraulic equipment is required. Since the size of the apparatus is large, the space required for installation is large, and if the diameter of the flange is large and the number of bolts is large, buffering occurs between the apparatuses, making installation more difficult.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a flange fastening device which has a simple structure and can perform quick fastening and release of fastening.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an apparatus for fastening two flanges in a state where the fastening surfaces of the two flanges are aligned with each other. A fluid pressure mechanism extending between the head and the fastening portion, a plurality of bolts arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the flange, and a support for supporting all bolts on one side of the flange For the means and the fluid pressure mechanism provided for each bolt, all at once or in groups
Pressurizing and depressurizing means for pressurizing by supplying the working fluid or depressurizing by discharging the working fluid; and releasing means for pressurizing the fluid pressure mechanism by the pressurizing and depressurizing means, releasing and releasing the fastening for each bolt. And a flange fastening device.

According to the present invention, a plurality of bolts that can be fastened between the flanges with the head and the fastening portion are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the flanges in a state where the fastening surfaces of the two flanges are aligned. . All bolts are supported by support means on one side of the flange. Each bolt is provided with a hydraulic mechanism that extends between the head and the fastening portion, and the working fluid is supplied to all the bolts simultaneously or in groups by a pressurizing / depressurizing means and pressurized, and the working fluid is arranged. Then, the pressure is reduced. When all the bolts are pressurized by the supply of the working fluid, the bolts expand, and the fastening force for fastening the flange between the head and the fastening portion decreases. If a gap is formed, the fastening portion is in a free state. Since the release means for releasing the tightening is provided for each bolt, it is possible to easily remove the fastening bolt in a state where the bolt is extended and the fastening is released.

In the present invention, the releasing means has a hammer shape extending in one direction in a plane parallel to a fastening surface of the flange, and is formed of a detachable cotter as a head of the bolt. It is characterized by the following.

According to the present invention, the releasing means provided on the bolt has a hammer shape extending in one direction in a plane parallel to the fastening surface of the flange, and is formed of a detachable cotter as a head of the bolt. Therefore, fastening as a bolt can be performed with the cotter mounted, and release can be performed with the cotter detached.

In the present invention, the releasing means may include a head of the bolt having a hammer shape extending in one direction in a plane parallel to a fastening surface of the flange, and a flange on a side fastened by the head of the bolt. And a long hole through which the head of the bolt can pass when the direction of the head of the bolt to be inserted is aligned with a certain direction.

According to the present invention, the bolt releasing means has a hammer shape such that the head of the bolt extends in one direction in a plane parallel to the fastening surface of the flange so that the head of the bolt is inserted. Since the long hole is formed in the flange, if the direction of the head of the bolt is aligned with the direction of the long hole formed in the flange, the head of the bolt is pulled into the long hole of the flange, and the fastening of the flange is performed. Can be easily released.

In the present invention, the bolt is provided with a rod-like member having a shape extending radially outward.

According to the present invention, since the bolt is provided with a rod-like member extending radially outward, the bolt is angularly displaced using the rod-like member as an operating lever, and the head of the bolt or the head of the bolt is provided. The direction of the cotter can be easily adjusted to the direction of the long hole formed in the flange, and the shaft can be extended to easily switch the fastening state and the released state of the flange.

In the present invention, the fastening surface of the flange is substantially horizontal, and the support means supports the fastening portion of the bolt by its own weight with the upper flange.

According to the present invention, when fastening a flange having a substantially horizontal fastening surface, the fastening portion of the bolt is supported by the upper flange by its own weight. Faster fastening and releasing of the flange can be performed at low cost.

Further, in the present invention, the support means has a support member for supporting a distal end side of the bolt with respect to a fastening portion on a plane parallel to a fastening surface of the flange.

According to the present invention, the front end side of the bolt fastening portion is supported by a plane parallel to the fastening surface of the flange.
Fastening and unfastening are performed on a plurality of bolts under the same conditions as possible, and there is no need to manually lift even heavy bolts, so that fastening and unfastening can be performed efficiently.

Further, in the present invention, the support member supports the bolt in contact with a tip portion thereof, and a tapered convex portion is formed on one of the support member and the bolt at the contact portion, and the other of the support member and the bolt is provided. Is characterized in that a concave portion having a shape adapted to the convex portion is formed in the contact portion.

According to the present invention, the contact portion between the bolt and the support member has a tapered convex portion formed on one side and a concave portion shaped to fit the convex portion on the other side. The bolt can be aligned using the and the concave portion, and the transition from the released state of the bolt to the fastened state can be quickly performed.

Further, the present invention is characterized in that the bolt is provided with a fixing bolt for fixing the bolt to the support member so as to restrict the movement in the axial direction and allow the rotation around the axis.

According to the present invention, each bolt is fixed to the supporting member by a fixing bolt that restricts movement in the axial direction while allowing rotation about the axis, so that the direction of the axis of the bolt is not necessarily the vertical direction. Even if not, the bolt can be securely fixed, and the fastening and release of the flange can be reliably performed.

Further, the present invention is characterized in that there is provided moving means for moving the support member in a direction perpendicular to a fastening surface of the flange.

According to the present invention, the support member is moved in the direction perpendicular to the fastening surface of the flange by the moving means in the released state where the fastening of the flange is released, so that the fastening bolt in the released state is removed from the flange fastening portion. It can be performed all at once, and the disassembly of the device using the flange can be easily performed.

In the present invention, the fastening surface of the flange includes:
It is characterized by comprising positioning means for adjusting the relative positions of the two flanges.

According to the present invention, since the positioning surface for adjusting the relative position is provided on the fastening surface of the flange,
At the time of fastening, fastening can be performed at an accurate position.

In the present invention, as the releasing means, a nut is screwed to the fastening portion of the bolt via a hammer-shaped spacer extending in one direction in a plane parallel to the fastening surface of the flange. An elongated hole is formed in the flange so that the nut can pass therethrough and the spacer can pass or cannot pass depending on the direction.

According to the present invention, the direction in which the mallet-shaped spacer extends can be aligned with the direction of the elongated hole formed in the flange in the released state, and the fastening portion including the nut can be removed from the flange.

[0031]

FIG. 1 shows a furnace bottom portion of a metal melting furnace such as a smelting reduction furnace including a flange fastening device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The flange fastening device 1 includes a plurality of fastening bolts 2, a bolt support 3 that is a support member for supporting each fastening bolt 2, and a bolt hydraulic pipe 4 for supplying a hydraulic pressure for extension to each fastening bolt 2. . A hydraulic pressure is supplied from a hydraulic device 6 to a hydraulic pressure pipe 4 for bolts, which is a pressure increasing / decreasing means, via a pipe connector 5. Bolt support 3
Can be moved up and down by a lifter 7. Lifter 7
Is provided on a bottom moving carriage 8, and the bottom moving carriage 8 runs on rails 9.

The rail 9 is laid between the bottom of a furnace 10 such as a metal melting furnace and a position away from the bottom of the furnace 10. The flange fastening device 1 performs fastening between an upper flange 13 and a lower flange 14 provided on a furnace body upper part 11 and a furnace bottom 12, respectively. A fastening surface 15 which is a mating surface of the upper flange 13 and the lower flange 14 is substantially horizontal. A furnace body support device 16 is provided on the furnace body upper part 11 of the furnace 10 and mechanically supports the entire furnace 10.

In order to move the flange from the fastened state to the released state after the operation of the furnace 10, first, move the bottom moving carriage 8 to the furnace 10.
After moving it down and fixing it, the bottom
By operating the lifter 7 installed above, the upper surface of the lifter 7 is brought into contact with the lower part of the furnace bottom 12 so that the furnace bottom 12 is pressed from below. Next, the piping connector 5 is connected to the hydraulic piping 4 for bolts, and the hydraulic device 6 installed on the bottom moving carriage 8 is installed.
Is operated to apply hydraulic pressure to all the fastening bolts 2 to extend them. The tip of each fastening bolt 2 is a bolt support 3
As a result, the fastening bolt 2 extends in the axial direction, and as a result, the bolt head rises, and a small amount, for example, 0.5 mm, is formed between the lower portion of the bolt head and the surface of the upper flange 13.
A gap of about mm is formed. In this state, the fastening state of the fastening bolt 2 is loosened, and the fastening bolt 2 can be manually angularly displaced.

Here, the bolt head and the bolt hole formed in the upper flange 13 have a direction described later, and the bolt head is manually angularly displaced so that the directions match. When all the bolt heads coincide with the direction of the bolt holes, by lowering the lifter 7, all the fastening bolts 2 as well as the furnace bottom 12 are lowered through the bolt holes of the upper flange 13 so that the bolt heads are higher than the upper flange 13. The lifter 7 is stopped in a state in which the lifter 7 is also lowered. The lower limit of the lifter 7 may be lowered. Next, the pipe connector 5 is removed from the hydraulic pipe 4 for bolts, and the furnace bottom moving cart 8 is moved to move the furnace bottom 12 to a predetermined place. Before this movement, the various pipes connected to the furnace bottom 12 are separated from the external pipes. 1
One of the furnace bottoms 12 is moved and repaired, and another furnace bottom 12 that has already been repaired is carried in by the furnace bottom moving cart 8 to restart the operation of the furnace 10.

FIG. 2 shows a fastening state of the fastening bolt 2.
The bolt head 20 of the fastening bolt 2 has a hammer shape extending in one direction. The bolt shaft 21 of the fastening bolt 2 has an axis 21 a
Are perpendicular to the surface of the upper flange 13 and are inserted into bolt holes 22 formed in the upper flange 13. FIG.
(A) shows a state in which the fastening bolt 2 is inserted into the bolt hole 22 and the lower surface of the bolt head 20 presses the surface of the upper flange 13. In this state, as shown in FIG. 2B, the direction 20a in which the bolt head 20 extends and the direction 22a in which the elongated hole formed as the bolt hole 22 extends are shifted by 90 degrees.

FIG. 3 shows the direction of extension 20a of the bolt head.
In the extending direction 22a of the elongated hole of the bolt hole, and shows a state in which the fastening state of the fastening bolt 2 is released. As shown in FIG. 3A, the direction 20a of the bolt head 20 is
3B, the bolt head 20 can pass through the bolt hole 22 as shown in FIG. 3 (b), so that the fastening bolt 2 can be pulled out from the upper flange 13. As shown in FIG.
Is sunk into the bolt hole 22, and the fastening between the flanges can be released. In other words, the hammer-shaped bolt head 20 and the elongated bolt hole 22 constitute release means.

FIG. 4 shows a state where the bolt head 20 of the fastening bolt 2 is oriented in the longitudinal direction of the bolt hole 22 formed in the upper flange 13 and the lifter 7 is lowered. By lowering the lifter 7, the furnace bottom 12, the bolt support 3 and the respective fastening bolts 2 are lowered, and the fastening bolts 2 in a state as shown in FIG. 3B can be pulled out from the upper flange 13.

FIG. 5 shows each fastening bolt 2 by a lifter 7.
5 shows a state in which the furnace bottom moving carriage 9 starts running on the rail 9 and the furnace bottom 12 is being conveyed to a predetermined position in a state where the bolt head 20 is lowered below the bottom surface of the upper flange 13. If the furnace bottom 12 is moved from below the furnace body upper part 11 to another place, the other furnace bottom 12 is moved from another place below the furnace body upper part 11, and the furnace bottom 12 can be replaced. . When the furnace 10 is a metal melting furnace, the furnace bottom 12 is lined with refractory bricks and needs to be periodically repaired.
During the repair work on No. 2, another furnace bottom 12 can be attached to the furnace body upper part 11, and the operation of the furnace 10 as a metal melting furnace can be continued.

FIG. 6 shows a state in which the furnace body 10 is operated by combining the furnace body upper part 11 and the furnace bottom 12, fastening the upper flange 13 and the lower flange 14 with a plurality of fastening bolts 2. In such an operating state of the furnace 10, the lifter 7 is lowered, the furnace bottom moving cart 8 is released from below the furnace 10 to another place, and the furnace 10 is ready for operation. As described above, the furnace bottom 12, the lower flange 14, the fastening bolt 2, the bolt support 3, and the hydraulic piping 4 for the bolt.
If a plurality of sets are prepared and replaced at the time of repair, the operating rate of the furnace 10 can be increased.

FIG. 7 shows an example of the configuration of the fastening bolt 2 shown in FIG. A projection 23 is formed in the middle of the bolt shaft 21 of the fastening bolt 2, and the cylinder 24 and the piston 25
Abut the end face of the combination. An oil supply port 26 formed in the cylinder 24 is provided between the cylinder 24 and the piston 25.
The supply and discharge of hydraulic oil is possible via. At the tip of the bolt shaft 21 below the bolt head 20, a screw portion 27 is provided.
Is formed, and is screwed with a nut 30 mounted via a spherical washer 28 and a collar 29. The spherical washer 28 is used for centering the fastening bolt 2. When the pressure of the hydraulic oil is increased in the state shown in FIG. 7A, the gap between the cylinder 24 and the piston 25 is enlarged, and the space between the protrusion 23 and the nut 30 is pulled. Extends between the bolt head 20 and the threaded portion 27. In a state where the bolt shaft 21 shown in FIG. 7B is extended, a nut 30 is tightened into the screw portion 27 of the fastening bolt 2 via the spherical washer 28 and the collar 29, and then the hydraulic pressure is released to release the bolt shaft 21. When the extension state is stopped, the bolt shaft 21 between the bolt head 20 and the screw portion 27 is shortened, and a stronger tightening force can be generated. However, in such a fastening state, it is difficult to loosen the nut 30 to release the fastening.
If the hydraulic pressure is increased again and the bolt shaft 21 is extended, the fastening state is relaxed, and the fastening state between the nut 30 and the fastening bolt 2 is easily released. Since the bolt shaft 21 can be extended with such a simple configuration, interference between the fastening bolts 2 is reduced, and a large number of bolts can be arranged around the flanges 13 and 14.

FIG. 8 shows the concept of performing centering near the tip of each fastening bolt 2. Bolt tip 31 of fastening bolt 2
Are bolt supports 32 formed on the bolt support 3.
And rough positioning is performed. A conical concave portion 33 is formed in the bolt tip portion 31, and a conical convex portion 3 corresponding to the concave portion 33 is formed on the surface of the bolt support 3.
4 are formed. Since the convex portion 34 has a conical shape, if the convex portion 34 and the concave portion 33 are fitted to each other, the axis 21 a of the bolt shaft 21 can be accurately adjusted to the tip of the convex portion 34.

FIG. 9 shows another embodiment of the present invention.
Fixing ring 4 around bolt tip 31 of fastening bolt 2
0, fix the fastening bolt 2 to the bolt support 3,
In addition, a configuration in which the fastening bolt 2 is rotatable is shown. FIG.
As shown in (a), the fixing ring 40 extends in the direction of the axis 21a of the bolt shaft 21 after extending in the radial direction, and a fixing bolt 41 is radially mounted below the fixing ring 40.

FIG. 9B shows a detailed configuration of a portion related to the fixing bolt 41. The fixing bolt 41 is as shown in FIG.
Abuts on the lower side of the flange provided at the upper end of the bolt receiver 42 shown in FIG. Since the bolt tip 31 is in contact with the surface of the bolt support 3, the axis 21 of the bolt shaft 21
Movement in the a direction is restricted. A spring washer 43 and an inclined seat 4 are provided between the bolt receiver 42 and the stop bolt 41.
Since the bolt 4 is provided, if the fixing bolt 41 is tightened, the pressing force of the bolt tip 31 against the surface of the bolt support 3 can be increased.

As shown in FIG. 9, in a configuration in which the fastening bolt 2 is fixed in such a manner that movement in the direction of the axis 21a is restricted and angular displacement around the axis 21a is permitted, the outer side of the fixing ring 40 is further fixed. The rotation lever 45 is attached to the shaft to easily enable the angular displacement of the fastening bolt 2 even with a small force. Rotary lever 45 as shown in FIG.
Are connected to a common ring 47 as shown in FIG. By displacing the common ring 47, the plurality of fastening bolts 2 can be simultaneously rotated 90 °.
By making angular displacement, it is possible to switch between the engaged state and the released state. The rotating lever 45 may use a bar or an arm.

FIG. 11 shows a fixing portion of the fastening bolt 2 as still another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11 (a)
Shows the entire configuration of the fixing portion, and FIG. 11B shows a portion related to the fixing bolt. As shown in FIG. 11A, in the present embodiment, the fixing ring 50 attached to the bolt tip 31 is held down by the tip of a fixing bolt 51 so that the bolt shaft 21 does not separate from the surface of the bolt support 3. I have. An external screw 53 is formed near the upper end of the bolt receiver 52 mounted on the surface of the bolt support 3, and is screwed with an internal screw 55 formed on the inner peripheral side of a cylindrical pad 54. The fixing bolt 51 is mounted on the upper part of the pad 54. As shown in FIG. 11B, the pressing force of the fixing bolt 50 against the fixing ring 50 can be adjusted in a screwed state between the backing plate 54 and the bolt receiver 52.

FIG. 12 shows a flange support device 61 according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
2 shows a configuration in which the bolt support 63 is provided between the bolt support 63 and the bolt support lifter fixing device 64 so that the bolt support 63 can be moved up and down separately from the lifter 7 of the hearth moving cart 8. Since the lifter 7 vertically displaces the bolt support 63 together with the heavy furnace bottom 12, it is difficult to accurately adjust the vertical position. If only the bolt support 63 is moved up and down by the bolt support lifter 62 separately from the furnace bottom 12 as in the present embodiment, quick fastening and release can be performed.

FIG. 12 shows the state of the flange fastening device 61 immediately after fastening or before preparation for release. The bolt support lifter 62 includes a bolt support lifter fixing device 6.
At 4, it is fixed to the furnace bottom 12. During the operation of the furnace 10, the bottom moving cart 8 and the lifter have moved to another place. To release and move the furnace bottom 12, first move the furnace bottom carriage 8 below the furnace 10, raise the lifter 7, and support the lower part of the furnace bottom 12.

Next, the pipe connector 5 is connected to the hydraulic pipe 4 for bolts.
The hydraulic device 6 installed on the furnace bottom moving cart 8 is operated to apply hydraulic pressure to all the fastening bolts 2 to loosen the fastening state. Since each fastening bolt 2 is supported by the bolt support 63, as a result of the extension of the fastening bolt 2, the bolt head rises and a small gap, for example, 0.5 mm, is formed between the lower surface of the bolt head and the upper surface of the upper flange 13. Can be. Further, the fastening bolt 2 is angularly displaced so that the directions of the bolt head and the bolt hole coincide. This angular displacement is possible, for example, by turning the bolt head by hand. After aligning the directions of all bolt heads with the directions of the bolt holes, the bolt support lifter 62 is lowered. As a result, the fastening bolt 2 is also lowered together with the bolt support 63, and the bolt support lifter 62 is stopped with the bolt head being lowered below the upper flange 13. If the lifter 7 is further lowered, the furnace bottom 12 is separated from the furnace body upper part 11, and the furnace bottom 12 can be moved. In the present embodiment, the displacement of the lifter 7 for vertically moving the heavy furnace bottom 12 is reduced, and the displacement of the bolt support lifter 62 for vertically moving the relatively lightweight fastening bolt 2 and the bolt support 63 is increased. Thus, the overall apparatus cost can be reduced and the operation can be speeded up.

FIG. 13 shows the structure of a bolt head of a fastening bolt according to still another embodiment of the present invention. The bolt head 70 of the present embodiment is configured such that the hammer-shaped cotter 71 is inserted into the cotter insertion hole 7.
2 to be formed. FIG. 13A shows the cotter 71.
Is inserted into the cotter insertion hole 72, and the upper surface of the upper flange 13 is suppressed by the lower portion of the cotter 71. When the space between the bolt head 70 and the bolt fastening portion is extended by hydraulic pressure, the state in which the cotter 71 is pressing the upper surface of the upper flange 13 changes to a state in which there is a gap, and the cotter 71 is easily removed from the cotter insertion hole 72. It becomes possible to pull out. FIG.
FIG. 3B shows a state where the cotter 71 is pulled out from the cotter insertion hole 72. When the cotter 71 is pulled out from the cotter insertion hole 72, the bolt shaft 73 can be easily pulled out from the bolt hole 74 formed in the upper flange 13. The bolt holes 74 in the present embodiment need not be particularly long holes,
Therefore, it is not necessary to perform the alignment with the direction of the cotter 71.

FIG. 14 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which a concave portion 75 is provided on one of the fastening surfaces 15 between the upper flange 13 and the lower flange 14, and a convex portion 76 is provided on the other, so that relative positioning is achieved. Shows possible configurations. Due to the relative alignment, the upper flange 13 and the lower flange 14
Thus, the bolt holes 22, 74 formed in the holes can be reliably positioned. The positioning method using the concave portion 75 and the convex portion 76 can be realized by, for example, providing a guide pin on one side and a positioning hole for inserting the guide pin on the other side.

FIG. 15 shows another embodiment of the present invention in which a fastening portion is provided on the upper flange 13 and the bolt head 20 of the fastening bolt 2 is disposed on the lower flange 14 side. The bolt hole 22 through which the bolt hole 20 is inserted is formed on the lower flange 14 side. The fastening part of the present embodiment includes:
The nut 80 is screwed into the distal end side of the fastening bolt 2 via the collar 81 and the spherical washer 82. By providing the collar 81, the length of the bolt shaft 21 of the fastening bolt 2 can be made longer than the thickness of the upper flange 13 and the lower flange 14, and the cylinder 24 and the piston 25 shown in FIG. The length of the hydraulic mechanism and the like can be increased. Thus, the bolt shaft 21
When the length is increased, the length extended by hydraulic pressure can also be increased, and the work of loosening the screw for release can be easily performed.

FIG. 16 shows a partial configuration of a fastening bolt 90 as still another embodiment of the present invention. The bolt 91 of the present embodiment is configured such that a nut 96 screwed into a screw portion 95 formed near the tip of the shaft 93 is connected to the hammer-shaped spacer 9.
Tighten through 7. Therefore, the bolt 91 having a general head shape can be used. The hammer-shaped spacer 97 has an elongated shape in the row direction parallel to the joining surface of the flanges 13 and 14, and the flanges 13 and 1, which are objects to be fastened.
4 is a bolt hole 9 adapted to the shape of the hammer-shaped spacer 97.
8,99 are formed. When the direction of the hammer-shaped spacer 97 is aligned with the directions of the bolt holes 98 and 99, the bolt holes 9
As long as the nut 96 can pass through 8, 99, the bolt 91 including the hammer-shaped spacer 97 and the nut 96 can be pulled out from the flanges 13, 14.

In each of the embodiments, although the hydraulic pressure pipe 4 for bolts, which is a means for increasing / decreasing pressure, extends the bolts by hydraulic pressure, it is equally possible to use other fluid pressures such as water and gas. is there. In addition, the direction of the fastening surface 15 of the flange may be other than horizontal. The application of fluid pressure is
Rather than performing all of the fastening bolts 2 at the same time, they may be performed in groups.

[0054]

As described above, according to the present invention, the fastening state of the bolt can be loosened by the pressurizing / depressurizing means. Therefore, when the bolt is loosened by the pressurizing / depressurizing means, the release means is used. The tightening of the bolt can be easily released, and the flange can be easily disassembled. Since the bolt is simply extended by the fluid pressure, the structure is simple, the maintenance is easy, and the equipment cost can be reduced. A simple fluid pressure device is sufficient, and for example, a manual hydraulic pump can be used. In addition, the small space required by the bolts eliminates interference between adjacent bolts, thus making it possible to provide a large number of bolts. Further, handling such as manually lifting the bolt becomes unnecessary, and it is not necessary to adjust the bolt tightening force every time the bolt is tightened. Tightening and disassembling operations after releasing the tightening become easy, and the time required for all the operations is shortened.

Further, according to the present invention, the cotter at the head of the bolt is attached and detached while the bolt is extended using the pressurizing and depressurizing means, and the fastening between the flanges and the fastening between the flanges are released to release the bolt between the flanges. Can be disassembled by a simple operation.

According to the present invention, the fastening can be released by adjusting the direction of the head of the bolt to the direction of the long hole provided in the flange. Can be switched to the released state.

Further, according to the present invention, since the bolt is provided with the rod-shaped member having a shape extending outward in the radial direction, the angular displacement of the bolt can be easily performed.

Further, according to the present invention, since the bolted portion is supported by the upper flange by its own weight, the structure of the supporting means can be simplified, and the manufacturing cost of the equipment can be reduced.

According to the present invention, since a plurality of bolts are supported by the support member, even if the bolts are large and heavy, they can be easily supported, and even if the fastening is released, the bolts are supported by the support member. As a result, the tightening can be performed quickly even at the time of re-fastening.

Further, according to the present invention, the centering of the bolt can be performed automatically by combining the tapered convex portion and the concave portion at the contact portion of the tip of the bolt with the supporting member.

Further, according to the present invention, the bolt is fixed with the fixing bolt so as to allow rotation around the axis while restricting the axial movement, so that the bolt is stably held even if the direction of the axis of the bolt changes. In addition, reliable fastening of the flange and release of the fastening can be performed.

Further, according to the present invention, since the moving member for moving the supporting member in a direction perpendicular to the fastening surface of the flange is included, if the fastening state between the bolt and the flange is released by the releasing means, the bolts are simultaneously opened. By pulling out from the flange, the flange can be disassembled quickly.

Further, according to the present invention, the relative positions of the two flanges can be easily adjusted by the positioning means, so that the work of re-fastening the once disassembled flange can be performed quickly.

According to the present invention, it is possible to switch between fastening and release by changing the direction of the hammer-shaped spacer on the nut side of the bolt.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a schematic configuration of a flange fastening device 1 as one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side sectional view and a plan view showing a relationship in a fastening state with respect to a bolt hole 22 provided in a head and an upper flange 13 of the fastening bolt 2 of the embodiment of FIG.

FIGS. 3A and 3B are a plan view and a side cross-sectional view illustrating a relationship in a released state with respect to the head of the fastening bolt 2 and the bolt hole 22 of the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a side view showing a state immediately after the furnace bottom 12 and the fastening bolt 2 are lowered by the lifter 7 in the embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a side view showing a state in which the furnace bottom 12 and the fastening bolt 2 are started to be moved by the furnace bottom moving cart 8, following the state of FIG.

FIG. 6 shows the embodiment of FIG. 1, in which the lifter 7 is lowered and the furnace bottom moving cart 8 is moved from below the furnace 10 after the fastening bolt 2 is fastened, so that the furnace 10 is in an operable state. FIG.

FIG. 7 is a simplified sectional view showing the fastening bolt 2 of FIG. 1 and a hydraulic mechanism for extending the fastening bolt.

8 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a contact portion between a tip end of a fastening bolt 2 and a bolt support 3 in the embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 9 is a side cross-sectional view and a partially enlarged view showing a configuration for fixing a tip end of a fastening bolt 2 according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a side sectional view and a plan view showing a state in which the rotation lever 45 is mounted for angular displacement of the fastening bolt 2 around the axis in the embodiment of FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a side sectional view showing a state where a fastening bolt 2 is fixed to a bolt support 3 according to still another embodiment of the present invention, and a partially enlarged view thereof.

FIG. 12 is a side view showing a schematic configuration of a flange fastening device 61 according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a bolt head 7 according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side sectional view and a perspective view showing a configuration of a zero.

FIG. 14 is a partial side view showing a configuration of a flange fastening surface according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a partial side view showing a configuration of a fastening bolt 2 according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a partial side sectional view and a perspective view showing a configuration of a fastening bolt 90 according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1,61 Flange fastening device 2,90 Fastening bolt 3,63 Bolt support 4 Bolt hydraulic piping 5 Pipe connector 6 Hydraulic device 7 Lifter 8 Furnace bottom moving trolley 9 Rail 10 Furnace 11 Furnace body upper part 12 Furnace bottom 13 Upper flange 14 Lower part Flange 15 Fastening surface 16 Furnace support device 20, 70 Bolt head 21 Bolt shaft 22, 74, 98, 99 Bolt hole 24 Cylinder 25 Piston 26 Oil filler 30, 80, 96 Nut 31 Bolt tip 32, 42, 52 Bolt receiver 33, 75 concave portion 34, 76 convex portion 40, 50 fixing ring 41, 51 fixing bolt 45 rotating lever 62 bolt support lifter 64 bolt support lifter fixing device 71 cotter 72 cotter insertion hole 91 bolt 93 shaft 97 hammer type spacer

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Hiroki Nomoto 3-1-1 Higashi Kawasaki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. Kobe Plant (72) Inventor Kenichi Yajima Higashi-Kawasaki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo 3-1-1, Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. Kobe Plant

Claims (11)

[Claims] An apparatus for fastening two flanges in a state where the fastening surfaces of the flanges are aligned with each other, wherein the head and the fastening portion can be tightened between the flanges, and the head and the fastening portion can be fastened by applying a fluid pressure. A plurality of bolts are provided at intervals along the circumferential direction of the flange, a plurality of bolts are provided at intervals along the circumferential direction of the flange, a support means for supporting all bolts on one side of the flange, and each bolt is provided with For the fluid pressure mechanism, pressurizing and depressurizing means for supplying the working fluid or depressurizing by discharging the working fluid, all at once or for each group, And a releasing means for releasing and releasing the fastening for each bolt. The release means has a hammer shape extending in one direction in a plane parallel to a fastening surface of the flange, and is formed of a detachable cotter as a head of the bolt. The flange fastening device according to claim 1, wherein: 3. The release means is formed on a head of the bolt having a hammer shape extending in one direction in a plane parallel to a fastening surface of the flange, and a flange formed on a side to be fastened by the head of the bolt. 2. The flange fastening device according to claim 1, wherein the bolt fastening portion is formed from an elongated hole through which the head portion of the bolt can pass when the direction of the head portion of the inserted bolt is adjusted to a predetermined direction. 4. The bolt according to claim 3, wherein the bolt is provided with a rod-shaped member having a shape extending radially outward.
The flange fastening device as described in the above. 5. The fastening surface of the flange is substantially horizontal, and the supporting means supports the fastening portion of the bolt by its own weight by an upper flange.
The flange fastening device according to any one of the above. 6. The supporting means according to claim 1, wherein said support means has a support member for supporting a tip end side of said bolt with respect to a plane parallel to a fastening surface of said flange.
The flange fastening device according to any one of the above. 7. The support member contacts and supports the bolt with a tip portion, and one of the support member and the bolt has a tapered convex portion formed at a contact portion, and the other of the support member or the bolt has a tapered protrusion. 7. The flange fastening device according to claim 6, wherein a concave portion having a shape adapted to the convex portion is formed in the contact portion. 8. The fixing device according to claim 6, further comprising a fixing bolt for fixing the bolt to the support member so as to restrict the movement of the bolt in the axial direction and allow the rotation about the axis. The flange fastening device as described in the above. 9. The flange fastening device according to claim 6, further comprising a moving unit configured to move the support member in a direction perpendicular to a fastening surface of the flange. 10. The flange fastening device according to claim 1, further comprising positioning means for adjusting a relative position of the two flanges on a fastening surface of the flange. 11. A nut, which is screwed to a fastening portion of the bolt via a hammer-shaped spacer extending in one direction in a plane parallel to a fastening surface of the flange as the releasing means, 2. The flange fastening device according to claim 1, wherein an elongated hole is formed in the flange so that the nut can pass therethrough and the spacer can pass or not pass depending on the direction.