JPH11174335A - Microscopic device for operation and microscope calibration device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a microscopic device for operation capable of presenting appropriate operation supporting information to an observer and a microscope calibration device used for calibration and having a simple constitution by calibrating an encoder for obtaining a working distance, an enlargement ratio or the position of a condensing pupil. SOLUTION: The movable part of the optical system of a microscope main body 2 is provided with the encoder for measuring the working quantity of the movable part and digitizing and outputting the measured result. A threedimensional processor 3 forms an operation supporting image in accordance with the working distance, the enlargement ratio and the position of the condensing pupil of the optical system based on the output from the encoder. The error of the output from the encoder occurring because the characteristic of the optical system does not always become the intended one owing to the mechanical producing accuracy or the wear of the movable part is corrected. The processor 3 forms the operation supporting image in accordance with the corrected output from the encoder.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a surgical microscope apparatus for providing a surgeon with information for assisting a surgical operation, and a microscope calibrator used in the apparatus.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Needless to say, in order to superimpose (superimpose) surgical support information on a microscope image, it is necessary to measure the position and direction of a surgical microscope apparatus. JP-A-63-240851 (JP-B-6-8578)
The "three-dimensional surgical viewer system" described in No. 4) is a typical example of such a system. An optical surgical microscope or a surgical video microscope can be used as the direct vision system in this system.

[0003] When an optical surgical microscope is used as a direct vision system, an observer observes an optical image. The optical image in this case is called a “direct-view optical image”. Here, in order to provide the surgery support information to the observer, the image indicating the surgery support information displayed on the display device is superimposed on the direct-view optical image by means such as a half mirror.

On the other hand, when a video microscope for surgery is used as a direct-view system, an observer observes a direct-view image displayed on a display device. That is, an optical image is once captured by the video camera, and the image is displayed on the display device as a direct-view image. In order to provide the surgery support information to the observer, an electric signal (image signal) of an image indicating the surgery support information is combined with a signal of the direct-view image by means of a video mixer or the like, to thereby provide the surgery support information. Superimpose an image showing information.

Incidentally, an optical surgical microscope apparatus and a surgical video microscope apparatus (collectively referred to as "microscope apparatus").
In this case, a variable magnification factor or a variable working distance can be used. When the magnification or the working distance of the microscope device is changed, it is necessary to change the image indicating the information for surgery support in accordance with the magnification or the working distance.

For example, in the case where a graphic representing the outline of a surgical object as a line drawing is presented as surgical assistance information, if the working distance of the microscope device is changed, the focal position of the microscope device moves. It is desirable to select and display the operation support information according to the movement. When the magnification of the microscope device is changed, the figure must be presented in an enlarged or reduced manner.

Further, there is known a microscope apparatus in which the position of the converging pupil changes with a change in working distance or magnification depending on the design of the optical system. The “condensing pupil” here means the center of the image of the aperture when viewed from the subject side. When the subject is viewed through the optical surgical microscope apparatus or video microscope apparatus, the same perspective effect as that obtained when the observation is performed with the eyes placed on the converging pupil is generated. Therefore, it is desirable that the image of the surgery support information is drawn using an appropriate perspective method in consideration of the position of the converging pupil.

As described above, the working distance of the microscope device,
Conventionally, the following measures have been taken in changing and presenting the surgical support information in accordance with the magnification or the position of the converging pupil. That is, for example, an encoder is attached to a cam gear or the like of the microscope apparatus for adjusting the working distance or the magnification, and the computer is able to read the value of the working distance or the magnification through the encoder at all times. The video of the surgery support information is changed.

[0009]

However, such a conventional example has the following problems. In other words, the working distance or the magnification factor read by the computer through the encoder does not always match the actual working distance or the magnification factor. This is due to the fact that the characteristics of the optical system are not always the intended ones, particularly due to the mechanical fabrication accuracy of the cam inside the microscope apparatus and its wear. Therefore, it is necessary to calibrate the microscope device as needed.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide the following surgical microscope apparatus and microscope calibrator. (1) A surgical microscope apparatus capable of presenting appropriate surgical support information to an observer by calibrating an encoder for obtaining a working distance, a magnification, or a position of a converging pupil. (2) A microscope calibrator with a simple configuration used for the above calibration.

[0011]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above problems and achieve the object, a surgical microscope apparatus and a microscope calibrator according to the present invention are configured as follows. (1) The surgical microscope apparatus of the present invention has an optical system capable of adjusting at least one of a working distance, an enlargement ratio, and a position of a converging pupil by operating a mechanically movable part. A microscope main body that displays a direct-view image of the subject via a system, an operation amount of the movable unit of the optical system, and an output unit that outputs the measurement result; a working distance of the optical system, a magnification, and Measuring means for measuring at least one of the positions of the converging pupils, calibrating means for calibrating an output from the output means based on a measurement result by the measuring means, and output means calibrated by the calibrating means And a superimposing display means for superimposing and displaying the surgery support image created by the creation means on the direct-view image.

According to such a configuration, the output from the output means (for example, the encoder), that is, the measurement result (the working distance, the magnification, and the light collection) of the operation amount of the movable part (for example, the cam gear) of the optical system, (The position of the pupil) can be calibrated, and a surgical assistance image corresponding to the calibrated output can be created. This surgical support image is displayed so as to be superimposed on the direct-view image.

[0013] In the present invention, which is more specifically configured, the surgery support image is image data having three-dimensional information obtained by a medical image diagnostic apparatus such as an X-ray computed tomography apparatus or a magnetic resonance diagnostic apparatus. Wherein the image data is stored in a memory, and the superimposing display means reads out the image data from the memory and superimposes the image data on the direct-view image for display.

Further, the image data to be superimposed represents a three-dimensional surface shape of an organ or the like, and is changed according to a position or an orientation of the microscope main body. (2) The surgical microscope apparatus according to the present invention is the apparatus according to the above (1), wherein the measuring means includes a rail member having a longitudinal direction substantially parallel to an optical axis of the optical system, and the rail A first plate-like member movable along the longitudinal direction of the member, and position measuring means for measuring a position of the first plate-like member on the rail member are provided.

According to such a configuration, the working distance can be measured based on the measurement of the position of the first member by the position measuring means. (3) The surgical microscope apparatus according to the present invention is the apparatus according to the above (1), wherein a first scale is provided in a display area of an optical system of the microscope main body, and the measuring means is A rail member having a longitudinal direction substantially parallel to the optical axis of the optical system, and a second scale movable along the longitudinal direction of the rail member and readable via the optical system. A first plate-shaped member; and position measuring means for measuring a position of the first plate-shaped member on the rail member.

According to such a measuring means, the position of the first member is measured by the position measuring means, and the first scale is measured by reading the image of the second scale via the optical system. The magnification can be measured based on. (4) The surgical microscope apparatus according to the present invention is the apparatus according to the above (1), wherein the measuring means includes a rail member having a longitudinal direction substantially parallel to an optical axis of the optical system, and the rail. A first scale provided with a first scale movable along the longitudinal direction of the member and readable via the optical system;
A second plate member provided with a second scale movable along the longitudinal direction of the rail member and readable via the optical system; and Position measuring means for measuring a position of the second plate-shaped member on the rail member, wherein the first scale of the first plate-shaped member is provided with the second plate-shaped through the optical system. The measurement can be performed using the image of the second scale of the member.

According to such a measuring means, the position of the first and second plate-like members is measured by the position measuring means, and the first scale image is read by reading the image of the second scale via the optical system.
The measurement of the focusing pupil can be performed based on the measurement of the scale. (5) A microscope calibrator used in a microscope apparatus having an optical system, wherein the microscope calibrator according to the present invention includes a rail member having a longitudinal direction substantially parallel to an optical axis of the optical system, and a longitudinal direction of the rail member. A first plate-like member movable along the first plate-like member; and position measuring means for measuring a position of the first plate-like member on the rail member.

According to such a configuration, the working distance of the optical system can be calibrated by a simple measurement of measuring the position of the first member by the position measuring means. (6) The microscope calibrator of the present invention is a microscope calibrator used for a microscope apparatus having an optical system in which a first scale is provided in a display area, and has a longitudinal direction substantially parallel to an optical axis of the optical system. A rail member, a first plate-shaped member movable along the longitudinal direction of the rail member, and provided with a second scale readable via the optical system;
Position measuring means for measuring a position of the first plate member on the rail member.

According to this configuration, the position of the first member is measured by the position measuring means, and the first scale is measured by reading the image of the second scale via the optical system. Calibration of the magnification of the optical system can be performed by the measurement. (7) The microscope calibrator according to the present invention is a microscope calibrator used for a microscope apparatus having an optical system, wherein a rail member having a longitudinal direction substantially parallel to an optical axis of the optical system and a longitudinal direction of the rail member are provided. A first plate-shaped member provided with a first scale that is movable along the optical system, and is movable along a longitudinal direction of the rail member; Second readable through the system
A second plate-like member provided with a scale, and position measuring means for measuring a position of the first or second plate-like member on the rail member, wherein the first plate-like member is provided. The first scale can be measured using the second scale of the second plate-like member via the optical system.

According to such a configuration, the position of the first and second plate members is measured by the position measuring means, and the first scale is measured by reading the image of the second scale via the optical system. With this simple measurement, the position of the converging pupil of the optical system can be calibrated.

[0021]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. First, a schematic configuration of the surgical microscope apparatus according to the present embodiment will be described, and then a microscope calibrator will be described.

FIG. 1 is a view showing a schematic configuration of a surgical microscope apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1
Is a three-dimensional memory, and image data obtained by scanning the subject 4 in advance by a medical image diagnostic apparatus (also referred to as “modality”) such as an X-ray computed tomography apparatus (CT) or a magnetic resonance diagnostic apparatus (MRI) Is stored.

Reference numeral 2 denotes a microscope main body (viewer), and an arm 5 is provided so that the position and orientation can be moved in an arbitrary direction.
Mounted on The microscope body 2 has an optical system (8, 9a, 9b, 9c) as shown in FIG.
The doctor 6 can observe the direct-view image of the patient 4 via this optical system. The monitor 7 displays an image for assisting surgery, and allows observation of a combined image obtained by optically combining the image for surgery and a direct-view image via the half mirror 8. That is, it is possible to display the surgery support image superimposed on the direct-view image. The doctor 6 operates on the patient 4 while observing such a composite image. In addition,
The microscope main body 2 may be constituted by the video microscope device described above. In this case, the direct-view image is displayed on a display device (not shown).

FIGS. 3A and 3B show a three-dimensional image as a specific example of the surgery support image displayed on the monitor 7. FIG. 3A shows a display example of the lesion 11 and FIG. FIG. 2 (b) shows a lesion 1 on a wire frame 12 schematically showing the organ surface.
1 shows an example of a case where 1 is superimposed and displayed. Also,
FIG. 4 shows a display example of a direct-view image. The three-dimensional image and the direct-view image are optically combined by the half mirror 8 and displayed as a combined image as shown in FIG.

Reference numeral 3 denotes a three-dimensional processor which creates the three-dimensional image shown in FIG. 3 according to the position and orientation of the microscope main body 2. A three-dimensional image is created using image data stored in the three-dimensional memory 1. More specifically, the image data is three-dimensional data including voxel data, wireframe data, surface data, and various data. The position of the patient 4 to be observed from the microscope main body 2 is fixed by the patient fixing frame 10. In this state, the position and orientation of the microscope main body 2 are detected by the arm 5.

A method for creating a three-dimensional image according to the position and orientation of the microscope main body 2 is described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-2408.
No. 51 (Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-85784), “Surgery 3D Viewer System”, can be used.

FIGS. 6A and 6B show a direct-view optical system and a monitor optical system, respectively, and FIG. 7 shows an optical system for a composite image. L1, L2, L3 are lens positions, K is a virtual image (composite image) position, H is a half mirror position, M ', M
Indicates the position of the real image, and E indicates the position of observation. Also, m
Indicates the size of the image at the K position, and p indicates the size of the image at the M 'position. The distance between M′-M and MH is set to be the same,
The adjustment is performed so that the K position in FIGS. 6A and 6B is the same position.

Then, as shown in FIG. 8, the three-dimensional processor 3 creates a three-dimensional image as a real image which can be made M 'when simulating the direct-view optical system. According to the above-described configuration, the surgical assistance image created by the three-dimensional processor 3 is superimposed and displayed on the direct-view image of the patient 4 obtained via the optical system. It is possible to effectively obtain information for assisting surgery, such as the surface of an invisible organ and virtual lines determined in planning an operation.

The optical system provided in the microscope main body 2 has a mechanically movable part (for example, a cam and a gear). The position of the pupil can be adjusted. The microscope main body 2 displays a direct-view image of the patient 4 via the optical system. The movable part of the optical system is provided with an encoder that measures the amount of operation and digitizes and outputs the measurement result. The above-described three-dimensional processor 3 creates a surgical support image in accordance with the working distance of the optical system, the magnification, and the position of the converging pupil based on the output from the encoder.

In this embodiment, apart from the encoder provided in the movable part of the optical system, there is provided a measuring means for measuring the working distance, the magnification and the position of the converging pupil of the optical system. This measuring means is used for calibration of the microscope device. More specifically, the error in the output from the encoder caused by the fact that the characteristics of the optical system are not always as intended due to the mechanical manufacturing accuracy of the movable portion and its wear are based on the measurement result by the measuring means. to correct. The three-dimensional processor creates a surgical assistance image according to the corrected output from the encoder.

Here, a specific configuration of the measuring means will be described. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of the measuring means provided in the microscope main body. In the figure, reference numeral 2 denotes a microscope main body, 21 denotes a working distance and a magnification encoder, and 30 denotes a rail. The rail 30 is detachably attached to an end of the microscope body (barrel) 2. This rail 3
Numeral 0 has a longitudinal direction substantially parallel to the optical axis of the optical system of the microscope main body 2, and graduations 31 having predetermined dimensions are provided along the longitudinal direction.

The plates U and L detachably attached to the rail 30 are movable along the longitudinal direction of the rail 30. The plate U has a cross-shaped hole 32 formed in the surface thereof as shown in FIG.
Along the edge of 2, a scale 32 having a predetermined size is provided. The cross-shaped hole and the scale 33 can be observed by an observer via the optical system of the microscope main body 2.
When the observer observes the plate U through a microscope, the plate L can be observed through the cross-shaped hole 32.

As shown in FIG. 9 (c), the plate L is provided on its surface with square scales 34 each having a predetermined size. In the present embodiment, the auxiliary lighting 40 illuminating the surface of the plate L is provided as appropriate.

Further, a scale (not shown) engraved with a predetermined size is provided on the eyepiece of the optical system in order to measure an enlargement ratio to be described later. When the microscope main body 2 is configured by a video microscope device, a certain length on the monitor is used instead of the scale.

The measuring means of this embodiment configured as described above can selectively measure any one of the working distance of the optical system, the magnification, and the position of the converging pupil. <Measurement of Working Distance> FIG. 10 is a diagram related to measurement of the working distance. Here, the working distance is measured by measuring the position of the plate L by using the scale 31 of the rail 30. Therefore, only the plate L is used. Remove plate U,
Or move it very close to the end face of the lens barrel 2,
The plate L can be easily observed through the cross-shaped hole 32.

The plate L is moved from the end face of the lens barrel 2 to the distance D according to the scale 31, and the plate L is observed with the microscope 2.
Adjust the working distance so that it is in focus. At this time, the reading (output value) of the working distance encoder 21 corresponds to the distance D. By performing some of such measurements while changing D, a relational expression between the reading of the encoder and the working distance D can be obtained as a measurement result. <Measurement of Enlargement Ratio> FIG. 11 is a diagram related to measurement of the enlargement ratio. Here, the magnification ratio is measured based on the measurement of the position of the plate L using the scale 31 of the rail 30 and the measurement of the scale of the eyepiece by reading the image of the scale 34 of the plate L via an optical system. Do. Therefore, only the plate L is used. The plate U is removed or moved very close to the end face of the lens barrel 2 so that the plate L can be easily observed through the cross-shaped hole 32.

The plate L is moved from the end surface of the lens barrel 2 to a distance D according to the scale 31, and the plate L is observed with the microscope 2.
Adjust the working distance so that it is in focus. Here, the length of the scale of the eyepiece is measured based on the image of the scale 34 of the plate L. FIG. 11B shows a case where the equivalent measurement is performed by a video microscope. In the figure, W indicates a fixed length (width) on the monitor, and 35 indicates a scale 34 of the plate L.
Is shown.

When the measured value is m, M = (E +
D) / m is proportional to the magnification. Therefore, the reading of the enlargement ratio encoder at this time corresponds to M. Here, E is the distance from the end face of the lens barrel 2 to the converging pupil.

By performing such measurements several times while changing the magnification, a relational expression between the reading of the encoder and the magnification M can be obtained as a measurement result. <Measurement of the position of the converging pupil> FIG. 12 is a diagram related to measurement of the position of the converging pupil. Here, measurement of the position of the plate U using the scale 31 of the rail 30, measurement of the position of the plate L using the scale 31 of the rail 30, and measurement of the plate U using the scale 34 of the plate L
The position of the converging pupil is measured based on the measurement of the scale 33. For this purpose, plates U and L are used. The plate U is moved from the end face of the lens barrel 2 to a distance of DU, and the plate L is moved from the end face of the lens barrel 2 to a distance of DL.

The scale 34 of the plate L can be observed through the cross-shaped hole 32 of the plate U. Here, in order to accurately read the scales of both plates, it is preferable to brighten the image using the auxiliary illumination 40 as shown in FIG. 9 and increase the depth of focus by reducing the aperture of the microscope 2 to the minimum. .

An appropriate length is determined using the scale 32 of the plate U, and this is set to mU. The same length measured on the scale 34 of the plate L is referred to as mL. In this case, the relationship of (DL + E) mU = (DU + E) mL holds, and E = (mL−mU) / (DLmU−DUmL), whereby E, that is, the position of the converging pupil can be obtained as a measurement result.

As described above, any one of the working distance of the optical system, the magnification, and the position of the converging pupil can be selectively measured. Therefore, the output from the encoder, that is, the measurement result (working distance, magnification, and position of the converging pupil) of the operation amount of the movable part (for example, cam / gear) of the optical system is calibrated by the measuring means having a simple configuration. Thus, it is possible to create a surgery support image according to the calibrated output. This surgical support image is displayed so as to be superimposed on the direct-view image.

By the way, the above-mentioned microscope device main body 2
The present invention is applicable not only to a monocular microscope but also to a binocular microscope. Further, as described in the following <A> to <D>, the present embodiment may be appropriately modified. <A: Measurement of Scale Image in Video Microscope> When the microscope main body 2 is constituted by a video microscope, measurement of the image of the scale 34 of the plate L described in FIG. 11 or FIG.
In the measurement of the image of the scale 33 of the plate U described in 2, it is easy to process the image from the video microscope by a computer and count the number of these scales. <B: Measurement by Linear Encoder> FIGS.
As described in FIG. 12, measurement of the position of plate U or plate L from the end surface of lens barrel 2 (that is, distances D, DU, DL)
The measurement is performed using the scale 31 of the rail 30. However, a means such as a linear encoder may be added, and the linear encoder may automatically measure the distance. <C: Combination of A and B> The above <A> and <B> are used in combination. That is, if the image of the scale is measured by computer processing and the output from the linear encoder is also processed by the computer, there is no need for human intervention in reading the numerical values.
That is, the measurement can be performed almost automatically. <D: Automatic adjustment of working distance, enlargement ratio, etc.>
, Or the magnification and the working distance may be changed by a computer-controlled motor. In this case, there is no need for human intervention except for attaching and detaching the microscope calibrator.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, appropriate surgical support information is presented to the observer by calibrating the encoder for obtaining the working distance, the magnification, or the position of the converging pupil. It is possible to provide a surgical microscope apparatus which can be used, and a microscope calibrator having a simple configuration used for calibrating such a surgical microscope apparatus. Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but can be implemented with further modifications.

[0045]

As described above, according to the present invention,
A surgical microscope apparatus capable of presenting appropriate surgical assistance information to an observer by calibrating an encoder for obtaining a working distance, a magnification, or a position of a converging pupil, and a simple configuration used for such calibration Microscope calibrator can be provided.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a surgical microscope apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a detailed configuration of a microscope main body.

FIG. 3 is a view showing a three-dimensional image as a specific example of a surgery support image displayed on a monitor.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a display example of a direct-view image.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a composite image of a three-dimensional image and a direct-view image.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a direct-view optical system (a) and a monitor optical system (b).

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an optical system of a composite image.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a simulation example of the optical system.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a measuring unit (microscope calibrator) provided in the microscope main body.

FIG. 10 is a diagram related to measurement of a working distance.

FIG. 11 is a diagram related to measurement of an enlargement ratio.

FIG. 12 is a diagram related to measurement of a converging pupil.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Three-dimensional memory 2 ... Microscope main body 3 ... Three-dimensional (3D) processor 4 ... Patient 5 ... Arm 6 ... Doctor 10 ... Patient fixed frame

Claims (10)

[Claims] An optical system capable of adjusting at least one of a working distance, an enlarging ratio, and a position of a converging pupil by operating a mechanically movable part, and an object to be inspected through the optical system. A microscope main body that displays a direct-view image, an operation amount of the movable part of the optical system that is measured, and an output unit that outputs the measurement result, a working distance of the optical system, a magnification,
Measuring means for measuring at least one of the position of the converging pupil; correcting means for correcting an output from the output means based on a measurement result by the measuring means; and output means corrected by the correcting means. And a superimposing display means for superimposing and displaying the surgery support image created by the creation means on the direct-view image. Surgical microscope equipment. 2. The surgery support image is image data having three-dimensional information obtained by a medical image diagnostic apparatus such as an X-ray computed tomography apparatus or a magnetic resonance diagnostic apparatus, and the image data is stored in a memory. 2. The surgical microscope apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the superimposing display unit reads out the image data from a memory and superimposes the image data on the direct-view image. 3. The surgical microscope apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the superimposed image data represents a three-dimensional surface shape of an organ or the like. 4. The surgical microscope apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the image data to be superimposed is changed according to a position or an orientation of the microscope main body. 5. The measuring means includes: a rail member having a longitudinal direction substantially parallel to an optical axis of the optical system; a first plate-like member movable along the longitudinal direction of the rail member; Position measuring means for measuring the position of the first plate-shaped member on the rail member, wherein the working distance is measured based on the position of the first member measured by the position measuring means. The surgical microscope apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: 6. A microscope, wherein a first scale is provided in a display area of an optical system of the microscope main body, and the measuring means comprises: a rail member having a longitudinal direction substantially parallel to an optical axis of the optical system; Movable along the longitudinal direction of the rail member,
A first plate-shaped member provided with a second scale that can be read through the optical system; and a position measuring unit that measures a position of the first plate-shaped member on the rail member. Measuring the position of the first plate member by the position measuring means and measuring the first scale by reading an image of a second scale via the optical system; The surgical microscope apparatus according to claim 1, wherein measurement is performed. 7. The measuring means comprises: a rail member having a longitudinal direction substantially parallel to an optical axis of the optical system; and a movable member along a longitudinal direction of the rail member.
A first plate-shaped member provided with a first scale readable via the optical system; and a movable member along a longitudinal direction of the rail member,
A second plate member provided with a second scale that can be read through the optical system; a position measuring unit that measures a position of the first or second plate member on the rail member; A first scale of the first plate-like member can be measured using an image of a second scale of the second plate-like member via the optical system, and the position measuring means The position of the converging pupil based on the measurement of the positions of the first and second plate-like members by the measurement of the first scale by reading the image of the second scale via the optical system. The surgical microscope apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the measurement is performed. 8. A microscope calibrator used for a microscope apparatus having an optical system, comprising: a rail member having a longitudinal direction substantially parallel to an optical axis of the optical system; and a rail member movable along the longitudinal direction of the rail member. 1 plate-shaped member, and position measuring means for measuring a position of the first plate-shaped member on the rail member, based on measurement of the position of the first member by the position measuring means. Wherein the working distance of the optical system is calibrated. 9. A microscope calibrator used for a microscope apparatus having an optical system having a first scale in a display area, wherein: a rail member having a longitudinal direction substantially parallel to an optical axis of the optical system; Movable along the longitudinal direction of the member,
A first plate-shaped member provided with a second scale that can be read through the optical system; and a position measuring unit that measures a position of the first plate-shaped member on the rail member. Measuring the position of the first plate member by the position measuring means and measuring the first scale by reading an image of a second scale via the optical system; A microscope calibrator characterized in that the magnification is calibrated. 10. A microscope calibrator used in a microscope apparatus having an optical system, comprising: a rail member having a longitudinal direction substantially parallel to an optical axis of the optical system; and a movable member along the longitudinal direction of the rail member. hand,
A first plate-shaped member provided with a first scale readable via the optical system; and a movable member along a longitudinal direction of the rail member,
A second plate member provided with a second scale that can be read through the optical system; a position measuring unit that measures a position of the first or second plate member on the rail member; The first scale of the first plate-shaped member can be measured using the second scale of the second plate-shaped member through the optical system, and the first scale of the first plate-shaped member can be measured by the position measuring unit. The converging pupil of the optical system is measured based on measurement of the positions of the first and second plate members and measurement of the first scale by reading an image of the second scale via the optical system. A microscope calibrator, wherein position calibration is performed.