JPH11169733A - Crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily crush even an object substance having a relatively high water content to be crushed. SOLUTION: A drive side crushing drum 3 and an induction side crushing drum 4 are adjacently arranged while respective rotation axes being set parallel. Respective crushing grooves 26, 28 are spirally formed in the outer circumferences of the drive side crushing drum 3 and the induction side crushing drum 4 in the same direction. An object substance to be crushed is supplied between the drive side crushing drum 3 and the induction side crushing drum 4 and then the drive side crushing drum 3 and the induction side crushing drum 4 are rotated in mutually opposed directions.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a crusher.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a rotary mill is generally used as a pulverizer for pulverizing solids. For example, in a ready-mixed concrete manufacturing plant, disposal of the wastewater washed from a concrete mixer causes environmental problems.In general, the wastewater is dewatered by a dewatering machine using cement water from which gravel and sand are separated and removed, and the cake is formed. After the cake is cut into a predetermined size and dried, it is pulverized by a rotary mill into powder, and the powder is recycled.

[0003]

The above-mentioned conventional rotary mill is
Since the surfaces on which the grinding grooves are formed rotate and grind in a state of mutual surface contact, if the water content of the material to be ground is high, clogging occurs and the grinding cannot be performed.

[0004] For example, in the above-mentioned pulverization of a cement cake, when the water content of the cement cake is 20% or more, the rotary mill is clogged. Therefore, when the above-mentioned cement cake is pulverized with a rotary mill, the cement cake must be dried to 20% or less, which increases the utility cost required for the drying.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a pulverizer which can satisfactorily pulverize a material to be ground having a relatively high water content, for example, the above-mentioned cement cake, even if the water content is about 30%. Is what you do.

[0006]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, a driving-side crushing drum and an induction-side crushing drum are arranged close to each other with their respective rotating shafts parallel to each other. On the outer periphery of the driving side pulverizing drum and the induction side pulverizing drum, pulverizing grooves are respectively formed in a spiral shape in the same direction, and an object to be pulverized is supplied between the driving side pulverizing drum and the induction side pulverizing drum. The drum and the induction-side pulverizing drum are configured to rotate in mutually opposite directions.

In the present invention, when the material to be crushed is supplied between the two crushing drums while rotating the driving side crushing drum, the material to be crushed bites between the two crushing drums and the rotational torque is transmitted to the induction side crushing drum. Then, the induction-side crushing drum rotates in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the drive-side crushing drum.

In the above-mentioned rotating state, the object to be crushed having a diameter larger than the gap between the two crushing drums is cut by the crushing grooves formed in the two crushing drums while collecting between the two crushing drums above the gap. At this time, since the crushing grooves of both crushing drums are formed in an intersecting state, the crushing grooves are moved in opposite directions by rotation, and the above-mentioned cutting is favorably performed.

[0009] Then, the cut pulverized material enters the gap between the non-groove portions (smooth surface portions) of both the pulverizing drums and is crushed between the non-groove portions. Even if the crushed material adheres to the crushing groove or the non-groove portion, the crushed material separates due to the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the two crushing drums, thereby preventing clogging.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the diameter of the induction side crushing drum is larger than the diameter of the driving side crushing drum. In the present invention, since the diameters of the two crushing drums are different, the contact angle of the outer peripheral surface of the drive-side crushing drum with respect to the object to be crushed located between the two crushing drums in the upper part of the gap is equal to the outer peripheral surface of the induction-side crushing drum. It is larger than the contact angle. Therefore, biting of the object to be ground between the two grinding drums is suppressed as compared with the case where both the grinding drums have the same diameter. As a result, the object to be ground can be cut well and the driving energy of the driving side grinding drum can be reduced.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect, the material to be ground is placed above a gap between a portion where the driving side grinding drum and the induction side grinding drum face each other.
A distributing means for distributing and distributing in the longitudinal direction of the gap is provided.

In the present invention, since the objects to be pulverized can be distributed over the entire length of the gap and charged, the pulverization can be performed efficiently.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described based on an embodiment shown in the drawings. FIG. 1 is a side view of a pulverizer. On a base 2 constituting the pulverizer 1, a cylindrical driving-side pulverizing drum 3 and a cylindrical induction-side pulverizing drum 4 are arranged with their rotating shafts in parallel. They are arranged rotatably.

The drive-side pulverizing drum 3 is fixed to a drive shaft 5, and both ends of the drive shaft 5 are rotatably held by holding frames 6 and 7. A pulley 8 is fixed to one end of the drive shaft 5,
The pulley 8 is rotated by a motor 9 which is a rotation driving means, and rotates the driving side pulverizing drum 3 in the direction of arrow A shown in FIG.

The guide-side crushing drum 4 is fixed to a driven shaft 10, and both ends of the driven shaft 10 are rotatably held by movable holding frames 11 and 12. The two movable holding frames 11 and 12 are
Retractable (movable) with respect to the driving side crushing drum 3
It is provided in.

First fixed frames 13 and 14 are fixedly provided on the base 2 side of the movable holding frames 11 and 12 on the side of the driving side pulverizing drum 3, respectively.
On the side opposite to 14, second fixing frames 15 and 16 are fixedly provided on the base 2 side. Then, the first fixed frame 13,
Adjustment bolts 17, 18 between the first fixing frame 14 and the second fixing frames 14, 15
The adjusting bolts 17, 18 penetrate the movable holding frames 11, 12. Adjustment bolt 17,1
8 and the movable holding frames 11 and 12 are loosely fitted, and the movable holding frame 1
1, 12 are guided by adjusting bolts 17, 18 so that they can move forward and backward.

The movable holding frames 11 and 12 and the first fixed frame 1
A spacer 19 is interposed between 3 and 14. Movable frames 20 and 21 are provided between the second fixed frames 15 and 16 and the movable holding frames 11 and 12 so as to be loosely fitted to the adjustment bolts 17 and 18, respectively. Holding frame 1
Buffer members 22 and 23 made of an elastic material such as urethane rubber and a coil spring are provided between the adjustment bolts 17 and
18. In addition, the movable frames 20, 2
Adjusting bolts 17 between the first and second fixing frames 15 and 16;
Adjustment nuts 24 and 25 are screwed into 18.

Therefore, by tightening the adjusting nuts 24, 25, the movable frames 20, 21,
The guide-side crushing drum 4 is pressed toward the drive-side crushing drum 3 via the movable holding frames 11 and 12. In addition, even when the guide-side crushing drum 4 is pressed, a predetermined gap d (see FIG. 6) is set between the opposing outer peripheral surfaces of the guide-side crushing drum 4 and the driving-side crushing drum 3. The dimension of the gap d can be adjusted by replacing the spacers 19 and 20 with one having a different thickness.

Therefore, the gap d between the two crushing drums 3 and 4 can be maintained at a predetermined value by the spacers 19 and 20, and the buffering force of the guide-side crushing drum 4 can be adjusted by the tightening amounts of the adjustment nuts 24 and 25.

On the outer peripheral surface of the driving side pulverizing drum 3, a pulverizing groove 26 having a cross section shown in FIG. 6 is formed spirally as shown in FIG. 5, and its pitch (axial distance in one round) P ₁ is predetermined as desired. For example, when the diameter D ₁ of the driving side crushing drum 3 is 250 mm, the pitch P ₁
To 150 mm. Further, the grinding grooves 26 are arranged with a plurality predetermined interval, such as the above-mentioned diameter D ₁
Is 250 mm, the axial distance L ₁ of the smooth surface 27 which is a non-groove portion is formed to be about 30 mm. As the dimensions of the cross-sectional shape of the grinding groove 26, for example a groove opening width L ₂ 3 mm, a groove bottom width L ₃ 2
mm, it is referred to as 2mm groove depth L _4.

As shown in FIG. 6, a crushing groove 28 having the same cross section as the crushing groove 26 of the driving side crushing drum 3 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the induction side crushing drum 4 as shown in FIG. It is formed spirally at substantially the same angle as the grinding groove 26 in the grinding drum 3. Further, a plurality of the crushing grooves 28 are juxtaposed at a predetermined interval, and a smooth surface 29 is formed between the crushing grooves 28 as shown in FIG. Further, the spiral direction of the grinding groove 28 is formed in the same direction as that of the driving-side grinding drum 3. Furthermore, the diameter D ₂ of said induction side milling drum 4 is formed larger in diameter than the diameter of the drive-side grinding drum 3, for example, 400 mm.

The gap d is, for example, 0.3 to 0.6.
mm. Above the gap d in the opposing portion of the drive side crushing drum 3 and the induction side crushing drum 4,
Raw material charging cylinder 31 that constitutes means 30 for sorting the material to be ground
Are arranged in parallel with both grinding drums 3 and 4. Both ends of the raw material charging cylinder 31 extend to both ends of both grinding drums 3 and 4 and are closed, and, as shown in FIG.
Furthermore, a slit-shaped raw material outlet 31b is formed at the bottom to near both ends of the raw material charging cylinder 31.

In the raw material charging cylinder 31, a distribution conveyor for distributing the raw material supplied from the raw material charging port 31a to the left and right is provided. In the embodiment shown in FIG. Screw 33a, 33b are rotatably arranged, and the screw 3
The motors 3a and 33b are rotated by a motor 34 which is a rotation driving means.

The two grinding drums 3 and 4 and the raw material charging cylinder 3
1 is covered with a cover 35 whose lower end is open as shown in FIG. 1, and the input side of the material input port 31 a projects outside the cover 35. Further, a raw material collecting section 36 is provided below the two crushing drums 3 and 4.

Next, the grinding operation will be described. As the material to be pulverized, after the gravel and sand are separated and removed from the wastewater obtained by washing the concrete mixer in the ready-mixed concrete production plant, the cement water is dehydrated by a dehydrator to form a cake, and the cake is reduced to a predetermined size. It was cut and dried.

First, the motor 9 is started to rotate the driving side crushing drum 3 in the direction of arrow A in FIG. The rotation amount is, for example, 800 to 1000 rotations per minute. Furthermore,
Activate motor 34 and sort conveyor screw 3
3a and 33ba are rotated.

Next, the material to be ground W is charged through the raw material charging port 31a. The material W to be crushed is supplied to the raw material charging cylinder 3
Screws 33a, 3 of sorting conveyor in 1
The material is distributed in the directions C and D shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 by 3b, and is discharged and dropped from a slit-shaped raw material outlet 31b.

The dropped object W is supplied to the upper part of the gap d between the two crushing drums 3 and 4 and is bitten as shown in FIG. Due to this biting, the rotational force of the driving-side crushing drum 3 is transmitted via the crushed object W to the induction-side crushing drum 4.
And the guiding drum 4 rotates in the direction of arrow B in FIG.

Of the crushed materials supplied as described above,
An object W to be crushed having a diameter larger than the size of the gap d is cut by the crushing grooves 26 and 28 formed in the crushing drums 3 and 4 while collecting between the crushing drums 3 and 4 at the upper part of the gap d. Is done. At this time, since the crushing grooves 26 and 28 of both crushing drums 3 and 4 are formed in an intersecting state as shown in FIG. As shown by arrows E and F shown in FIG. 10, they move in opposite directions, and the above-mentioned cutting is performed satisfactorily.

Then, the cut pulverized material enters the gap d between the non-groove portions 27 and 29 in the both pulverizing drums 3 and 4 and is ground by the gap d to be finely pulverized. Even if the crushed material adheres to the crushing grooves 26 and 28 and the non-groove portions 27 and 29, the crushed material is separated by centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the crushing drums 3 and 4, and clogging is prevented.

It should be noted that even if there is a material that falls through the two grinding grooves 26 and 28, its particle size is small and its amount is extremely small. The entire surface is finely pulverized by pulverizing both with a smooth pulverizing roller.

Further, since the diameter D ₂ of the induction-side pulverizing drum 4 is formed to be larger than the diameter D ₁ of the driving-side pulverizing drum 3, as shown in FIG. , 4 has a contact angle θ ₁ of the induction-side pulverizing drum 4 smaller than the contact angle θ ₂ of the drive-side pulverizing drum 3. Therefore, both grinding drums 3,
Biting of the material to be crushed into the space between the four crushing drums is suppressed as compared with the case where both crushing drums 3 and 4 have the same diameter. As a result, the object to be crushed W is cut well, and the driving energy of the driving side crushing drum 3 can be reduced.

Then, the pulverized material falls into the raw material collecting part 36 and is conveyed to a predetermined place by an appropriate means. As described above, the two crushing drums 3 and 4 are rotated close to each other in line contact, and the crushing grooves 26 and 28 are crossed to cut the object to be crushed. Less clogging than a rotating mill.

Therefore, for example, in the above-mentioned pulverization of the cement cake, it is possible to sufficiently pulverize the cement cake having a water content of 30%. This means that the water content of conventional rotary mills is not more than 20%,
There is an effect that the utility cost for drying the cement cake can be reduced.

The size of the gap d, that is, the size of the pulverized particle, can be adjusted by replacing the spacer 19 with one having a different thickness. Further, the pulverizing force on the object to be pulverized, that is, the pressing force of the guide-side pulverizing drum 4 is adjusted by adjusting the tightening of the adjusting nuts 24 and 25.
23 by adjusting the repulsion force.

Further, at the time of pulverization, if an abnormal pressure acts on both of the pulverizing drums 3 and 4 due to the object to be pulverized, the buffer members 22 and 23 may contract to absorb the abnormal pressure. it can.

[0037] Incidentally, the cross-sectional shape of the grinding grooves 26 and 29 is not limited to the dimensions of the above embodiment, further, the pitch P ₁ of the milled grooves 26, 28 also limited to the dimensions of the embodiments Absent.

[0038]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, even if the water content of the material to be ground is relatively large,
It can be easily crushed without clogging.

Accordingly, the object to be crushed having a water content higher than the water content crushable by the conventional rotary mill can be crushed, and the utility cost required for pre-drying before crushing can be reduced.
According to the second aspect of the present invention, more favorable pulverization becomes possible.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the material to be crushed can be sorted and efficiently crushed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing an embodiment of a crusher of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a plan sectional view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a side sectional view of a holding portion of both grinding drums in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing both grinding drums of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a grinding groove according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a front sectional view showing a raw material charging cylinder and a screw of the distribution means in FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is a bottom view of the raw material charging cylinder of the sorting means in FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a state in which a material to be ground is charged into both grinding drums in the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a view showing an intersecting state of grinding grooves of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a view showing a contact state between both grinding drums and a material to be ground in the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 3: drive side pulverizing drum 4: induction side pulverization drum 26, 28: pulverization groove 30: distribution means

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A driving-side crushing drum and an induction-side crushing drum are arranged close to each other with their respective rotating shafts in parallel, and crushing grooves are spirally formed in the same direction on the outer periphery of the driving-side crushing drum and the induction-side crushing drum. Crushing characterized in that the material to be crushed is supplied between the driving side drum and the induction side drum so that the driving side crushing drum and the induction side crushing drum rotate in mutually opposite directions. Machine. 2. The crusher according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the induction side crushing drum is larger than the diameter of the driving side crushing drum. 3. A distributing means for distributing and pulverizing an object to be pulverized in a longitudinal direction of the gap at a portion where the driving-side pulverizing drum and the induction-side pulverizing drum face each other. The crusher as described.