JPH11167773A - Information recording and reproducing device and recording and reproducing method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an information recording and reproducing device which can detect surely deterioration of a recording layer of an optical disk and can utilize a recordable region of an optical disk efficiently. SOLUTION: For an optical disk 4 provided with a data region for recording information with a sector unit and a file control region for recording and reproducing control information controlling directory of a file of data recorded in the data region with a sector unit, a jitter detecting means 200 for detecting quantity of jitter of read out coded data is provided, data recorded in a sector of a data region in which quantity of jitter detected by the jitter detecting means 200 exceeds the prescribed threshold value are recorded in a new sector of the data region, while directory control information controlling a file of data recorded in a sector of the data region in which quantity of detected jitter exceeds the prescribed threshold value is made impossible to be reproduced also updated directory control information is recorded in a new sector of the file control region.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a data area for recording information in sector units and management information for directory management of data files recorded in the data area in sector units in sector units. Recording / reproducing apparatus and method for recording / reproducing information on / from an optical disk having a file management area.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there is a recording system utilizing a crystalline / non-crystalline transformation of a recording layer of a recording medium by irradiating a laser beam. In this recording system, recording and erasing can be performed.
However, in this method, the recording signal quality is degraded when the number of erasures is increased. Therefore, particularly when used for a computer memory, the use of that part is stopped before the deterioration, and recording is performed again in a spare area provided as a spare It is necessary.

On the other hand, efforts have been made to increase the number of erasable times. However, in such a case, there is a tendency that the long-term stability of the recording layer is deteriorated, and the recording signal quality itself is deteriorated.

Therefore, it is necessary to manage the optimum number of erasures of a recording medium. Conventionally, management by an artificial method of writing the number of erasures on a display label or the like for each erasure is performed. There was a disadvantage that the quality often deteriorated.

Therefore, in order to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional optical disk apparatus, the number of erasures is automatically recorded and read out on the recording medium, and the deterioration state of the recording medium due to the erasure exceeding a predetermined number of erasures is automatically determined. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Sho 60-167128 discloses a method for managing the number of erasures of an optical disk device, which can effectively use a recording medium having excellent recording signal quality and long-term stability by managing the recording medium in an efficient manner.

This will be described with reference to FIG. In an optical disc apparatus that records information on tracks on an optical recording medium that can be erased up to N times and reproduces and erases the information, an area for recording the number of erasures of a data area is provided at a predetermined position on the optical recording medium, Each time information is erased in this area, the number of erasures is recorded, and after erasure is performed up to N times, the data area and the erasure count recording area are moved to a replacement sector or a replacement track.

That is, as shown in FIG. 7A, a plurality of circumferential tracks 11-1n are formed on a recording medium 1 as shown in FIG.
Is provided. Also, each track is shown in FIG.
B, as shown in the track format diagram, one round of the track is divided into a plurality of sectors. 0 to No. Up to 62, a spare sector CS for preliminary recording is provided. All sectors have the same format configuration. Taking 0 as an example, an erase count recording area M in which the erase count is recorded at the beginning of the data area DA following the header H for recording the sector number.
A is provided, and every time the contents written in the data area DA are erased, the number of erasures is recorded in this erasure number recording area.

In this example, the number of erasures of a sector is rewritten in a partial area of each sector on a track, and a predetermined number of N
When the sector is erased one time, a spare sector CS provided as a spare in the same sector is used, that is, a method of managing the number of erases in a so-called sector unit.

As another example, in an optical disk device,
An erasure count recording area is provided only at the beginning of a track, and the erasure count is recorded every time the track is erased, and the erasure count is read out and displayed when recording is reproduced. When the number of erasures exceeds a predetermined number of N times, the track is not used but a replacement track is used to perform recording, reproduction, and erasure.

In a system in which recording, reproduction, and erasure are performed using a plurality of laser beams, the reproduction laser beam is set ahead of the erasure beam, and the erasure count recording area 3 at the head of the track or sector data area 5 is read. In this method, the number of erasures recorded in the memory is checked in advance using a reproduction laser beam, and it is determined whether the number of erasures is within a predetermined number or more.

According to the method for managing the number of erasures of the optical disk device shown in FIG. 7, the number of erasures is recorded on a recording medium,
By reading the recorded erase count and managing the erase count not to exceed the predetermined erase count, it is possible to effectively use a recording medium having excellent recording signal quality and long-term stability.

The optical disk management method shown in FIG. 7 allocates a new recording area when the number of erasures of the medium, that is, the number of recordings reaches a predetermined number of recordable times. The number of recordings may differ between the central part and the peripheral part even if the same medium is used. Just because the number of times has reached the maximum number of times does not mean that the recording signal quality of the medium has deteriorated, but that the recordable area of the medium has been wasted.

Further, as a conventional information recording / reproducing device,
This is disclosed in JP-A-60-226085. FIG. 8 is a block diagram of the conventional information recording / reproducing apparatus. Reference numeral 32 denotes an information input unit for inputting information to be recorded from outside. Reference numeral 33 denotes a sector address input section for inputting an address of a sector for recording or reproducing information. 3
4 is an information output unit, 36 is a sector address designation unit for designating the address of a sector for recording or reproducing information, 35
Is an information recording means, 37 is an information reproducing means, and 38 is a recording area.

In the conventional information recording / reproducing apparatus configured as described above, when recording information, the information recording means 35 records the information in the designated sector of the recording area 38 designated by the sector address designation unit 36. .

However, in the above-described configuration, when recording is performed many times in the same sector of a rewritable recording medium,
Even if deterioration due to medium fatigue occurs, it cannot be detected, and it has been difficult to prevent occurrence of an information error at the time of information reproduction due to medium fatigue. Furthermore, for exchangeable and rewritable recording media, in the above-described configuration, the fatigue is different when the frequency of use of each medium is different, so that it is not possible to prevent the occurrence of information errors at the time of information reproduction due to the fatigue of the medium. Was very difficult. Also, it has been difficult to set different recording limit times for different sectors on the same recording medium.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-271672 discloses an information recording / reproducing apparatus which improves the above-mentioned disadvantages and reduces information errors caused by fatigue of a rewritable recording medium.

This conventional information recording / reproducing apparatus includes means for writing an information to be recorded with an error correction detection code added thereto, and detecting an error flag indicating an error occurrence state from a syndrome generated by the error correction detection code at the time of reading information. Means, a read verify means for checking an error flag, and a marking means for recording a detectable signal in a sector at the time of reading information.

In this information recording / reproducing apparatus, prior to updating a file, a sector including a corresponding directory of the file is read-verified to check an error flag occurrence state and to confirm that the error flag is within a predetermined level. To update the file. When the error flag exceeds a predetermined level, a sector including a directory of a file to be updated is marked. Next, data is recorded in the unrecorded non-defective sector in the data area, and the updated directory is written in the unrecorded non-defective sector in the directory area.
The unrecorded sectors are the sectors that are not recorded literally and the sectors that are recorded but not used (not managed in the directory).

Hereinafter, this conventional information recording / reproducing apparatus will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 9 shows a block diagram of the information recording / reproducing apparatus. In FIG.
1 is a drive for recording and reproducing signals on the erasable optical disk 4, 2 is a controller for controlling the transmission of format data to the drive 1, error correction, sector management and the like, and 3 is an upper CPU which requests writing and reading of information. is there.

In the drive 1, 5 is a head for recording / reproducing a signal, 6 is a laser drive unit, 7 is an OR gate, 8 is a head amplifier for amplifying a reproduction signal read from the erasable optical disk 4 by the head 5, 9 Is an equalizer for correcting waveform distortion of a reproduced signal, 10 is a comparator for binarizing an analog waveform, 11 is a clipping level generator for varying the clipping level of the comparator 10, 12
Is a servo control unit for performing focus and tracking servo on a guide track of the erasable optical disc 4 by a format error signal and a tracking error signal from the head amplifier 8, 13 is a control CPU for performing system control of the drive 1, and 14 is a drive interface unit. is there.

In this figure, the disk motor and the linear motor are omitted.

In the controller 2, 15 is a system interface unit, and 16 is an error correction control unit (EDA).
C), 17 are encoders for error correction detection codes, 18 is a decoder, 19 is an error flag counter for counting the error flag signal of the error flag signal line 100 output from the syndrome detector of the decoder 18, and 20 is an erasable optical disk 4, an interleave / deinterleave unit for randomizing a burst error occurring at 4; 21 a digital modulation / demodulation unit (M) for digitally modulating and demodulating information to which an error correction detection code is added.
ODEM), 22 is a marking signal generation / detection unit, 23
Has a track address / sector address reading unit from the read data signal line 104, detects a sector of a target track / sector address specified by the control CPU 24, 25 denotes a drive interface unit, and 26 denotes a drive interface unit.
Is a RAM.

Reference numeral 101 is a write data signal line, 102 is a marking write signal line, 103 is an erase gate signal line, 1
04 is a read data signal line, 105 is a clipping level signal line, 106 is a system bus signal line, 107 is a drive control interface signal line, 108 is a CPU bus signal line, 109 is an internal data bus signal line, and 110 is RA
M address signal line, 111 is a sector detection signal line, 112
Is a marking signal detection signal line, 113 is a marking signal trigger signal line, 114 is a clipping level setting signal line, 115 is an internal data bus signal line, and 116 is a reproduction signal line.

The operation of the information recording / reproducing apparatus will be described below. Here, consider an erasable optical disk having a directory area and a data area as shown in an example of file update.
In FIGS. 10 to 12, track 0 is used as a directory area.
To track 2 and a data area from track 100 to track 110 are shown as examples, and the tracks are six sectors from sector 0 to sector 5.

Track 0 and tracks 100 to 10
3, a file (not shown) is recorded, and only files A, B, and C are shown in the figure. For the sake of explanation, the directory of each file is shown corresponding to one file in one sector. In general, one sector often manages directories of a plurality of files.

Now, file B (track 105, sector 0 to track 106, sector 3) as shown in FIG.
10) is updated to the file B '(11 sectors).

FIG. 13 is an example of a flowchart for updating a file. Hereinafter, the file update operation will be described with reference to FIGS.

(1) The upper CPU 3 is an erasable optical disc 4
, The directory area of the file B is searched sequentially (step ST-1), and the address, track 1, and sector 1 included in the directory are determined (step ST-2).

(2) The upper CPU 3 outputs a read verify command for the sector of the directory to the system bus signal line 106 (step ST-3).

(3) Control of the controller 2 The CPU 24 decodes the command, initializes the error flag counter 19, and starts a read verify operation for the corresponding sector.

(4) The read verify operation is performed as follows. a. The controller 2 outputs a track search command to the drive 1. That is, the control CPU 24 outputs the track address data to the drive control interface signal line 107 through the drive interface 25,
The control CPU 13 of the drive 1 decodes the command received by the drive interface 14 and moves the head 5 to a target track. After confirming the target track address, the drive 1 notifies the controller 2 of the end of the track search.

B. The controller 2 sends a command for setting a clipping level to the drive 1. In the drive 1, the control CPU 13 outputs the clipping level value to a clipping level setting signal line 114, which is subjected to D / A conversion by the clipping level generator 11 and applied to the comparator 10 via the clipping level signal line 105.

C. The controller 2 sets the track and sector address values in the sector detection unit 23. After waiting for the rotation of the disk, the sector detection unit 23 outputs that the target sector is found to the sector detection signal line 111, and starts the digital demodulation operation of the digital modulation / demodulation unit 21. Information recorded on the erasable optical disk 4 is photoelectrically converted by a head 5 and amplified by a head amplifier 8, subjected to waveform distortion correction processing by an equalizer 9, binarized by a comparator 10, and output to a read data signal line 104. Is done.

D. The signal on the read data signal line 104 is demodulated by the digital modulation / demodulation unit 21 and the internal bus signal line 11
5 is output. The interleave / deinterleave unit 20 is set to the deinterleave mode, and changes the address of the RAM 26 from top to bottom along the arrow marked as the interleave direction shown in FIG.
The signal No. 5 is stored in the RAM 26 via the error control unit 16 (here, the information is not affected at all and the signal is merely bypassed) and the internal bus signal line 109. Control CP
U24 detects the end of demodulation, sets the interleave / deinterleave unit 20 to the deinterleave mode, and activates the decoder 18. In the deinterleave mode, data is read in the direction of the arrow marked as deinterleave direction shown in FIG. 14, that is, in the codeword direction of the error correction detection code, and from left to right. The decoder 18 detects the error by decoding the error correction detection code, corrects the error, and writes it to the RAM 26 via the internal bus signal line 109.

E. The decoder 18 outputs d. In the process, an error syndrome is calculated using the error correction detection code, and an error pattern such as a single error, a double error, or an uncorrectable error is output to the error flag signal line 100. The error flag signal line outputs this error flag information for each code word of the error correction detection code, and this is counted by the error flag counter 19 corresponding to each error flag.

F. The control CPU 24 knows the completion of the sector read operation at the end of a series of decoding operations of the decoder 18.

G. The control CPU 24 reads the error flag count value of the error flag counter 19 through the CPU bus signal line 108, and checks whether the error flag count value is equal to or less than a predetermined criterion (step ST-4).

(5) The controller 2 informs the host CPU 3 of the sector pass / fail judgment result of the read flag error flag count value. That is, by utilizing the property that the recording medium of the corresponding sector is fatigued and the random error and the burst error increase, the determination result of the presence or absence of the fatigue of the sector is transmitted.

(6) If the recording medium is sufficiently new and has no fatigue, that is, if the sector pass / fail judgment result is good, the upper CP
U3 rewrites the information of file B 'to the data area of file B (step ST-5), creates a directory for new file B' (step ST-6), and
To B '(step ST-7). As shown in FIG. 11, file B (track 105, sector 0 to track 106, sector 3) is rewritten with information for ten sectors of file B '. Next, a non-defective non-recorded sector next to a recorded sector in the data area; track 107, sector 4
And the remaining information of the file B 'is written.

New directory of file B ': Information of track 106, sector 3, track 107, and sector 4 is created from track 105, sector 0, and directory B of directory 1, track 1 in the directory area is newly rewritten.

(7) When the recording medium reaches the limit of use due to fatigue, that is, when the result of the sector pass / fail judgment is negative, the upper CPU 3 marks the directory and data of the file B as shown in FIG. ST-8),
The file B 'is written to an unrecorded good sector (step ST-9). That is, the track 105 of the file B,
From the sector 0, the track 106 and the sector 3 are marked. Next, an unrecorded non-defective sector following the recorded sector in the data area; track 107, sector 4 is determined. The information of the file B 'is written in the track 107, sector 4 to 11 sectors.

A directory of the file B in the directory area is created (step ST-10), and a sector in the directory; track 1 and sector 1 are marked (step ST-11). Non-recorded non-defective sector next to the recorded sector in the directory area; track 1, sector 3
To create a directory for file B 'and write it to track 1 and sector 3 (step ST-12). Thus, the updating of the file B to the file B 'is completed.

Next, the operation of writing information to a sector will be described. The upper CPU 3 includes a write command and a track,
A sector address, the number of sector blocks to be written, and the like are output on a system bus signal line 106. The controller 2 receives the command through the system interface 15, decodes the command with the control CPU 24, and recognizes that the command is a write command. The controller 2 sends a target track search command to the drive 1. Controller 2 is upper CPU 3
Request information transfer.

The information is DMA-transferred between the host CPU 3 and the system interface 15 and stored in the RAM 26. When information transfer for one sector is completed, the control CPU
24 activates the encoder 17 of the error control unit 16 and
Information is read from M26 in codeword units, an error correction detection code is generated, output to the internal bus signal line 109, and written to the RAM 26 again.

The order of writing to the RAM 26 is controlled by the interleave / deinterleave unit 20 and is performed in the direction of the arrow in the deinterleave direction shown in FIG. 14, and from left to right. When the encoding operation of the information for one sector is completed, the control CPU 24 sets the track and sector address values in the sector detection section 23, sets the digital modulation / demodulation section 21 to the modulation mode, and sets the interleave / deinterleave section 20 to the interleave read address sequence of the RAM 26. Set to.

The sector detection section 23 asserts the sector detection signal line 111 upon detection of the target track and sector, and
26 information is transferred to the internal bus signal line 109 and the error control unit 17.
(In this case, the information is not affected at all and the signal is only bypassed.) The signal is input to the digital modulation / demodulation unit 21 via the internal bus signal line 115, modulated, and output to the write data signal line 101. The reading order of the RAM 26 is determined by the interleave / deinterleave section 26 in the direction of the interleave direction shown in FIG. The write data signal line 101 drives the laser of the head 5 by the laser drive circuit 6 through the OR gate 7.
The above operation is repeated for the number of sector blocks.

Next, the operation of reading a sector will be described. The description of the read verify operation is basically the same as that of the read verify operation, except that the clipping level of the comparator 10 is set to the normal level and the information after the completion of the decoding operation is transmitted from the RAM 26 to the internal bus signal line 109, the system interface 15, the system bus signal. The difference is that the data is transferred to the host CPU via the line 106.

Rewriting of sector information is performed in two steps: erasing of a target sector and writing of information. First, upon detection of a target sector, the sector detection unit 23 sets the erase gate signal line 10
3 outputs a sector detection signal. Erase gate signal line 10
Numeral 3 is input to the laser drive unit 6 to set the laser light source of the head 5 to the erasing mode, and to irradiate the erasing optical disk 4 with a constant amount of light. The recording medium of the erasable optical disk 4 is annealed in the erasing mode and recrystallized. Next, a laser light source is set in a recording mode, and information is written by rapidly heating the recording medium with the modulated laser light to make the heated portion amorphous.

FIG. 14 is an example showing the correspondence between the code word structure of the information to which the error correction detection code is added and the error flag counter. The code word is composed of an information part m symbol and an error correction detection code part p symbol, and n code words are arranged in a rectangular shape. An error flag counter corresponds to each code word. In FIG. 14, a Reed-Solomon code is assumed as the code. Assuming that p = 5, the minimum distance of the code is 6, and
It will have single and double error correction and triple error detection capabilities. That is, as an error flag indicating an error pattern, a single error detection e _1i ,
Double error detection e _2i and triple error detection e _3i are generated. The error flag counter is a single error error flag count value Double error flag count value And triple error flag count value Count.

The deterioration that occurs in the recording medium due to repeated recording and erasing of the erasable optical disk is considered to be medium fatigue.
That is, an increase in random error due to deterioration of S / N,
This is due to an increase in burst errors caused by the destruction of the medium due to the localization of thermal stress in a portion of the guide track of the optical disc having a flaw or dust. Therefore,
An example of a sector fatigue determination criterion based on the error flag count values E ₁ , E ₂ , and E ₃ is shown below.

(1) Criterion A: The read verify is performed by shifting the clipping level from the normal level, and E ₂ = E
_{If 3} = 0, it is determined that the sector is good (no fatigue). One of E ₂ or E ₃ is judged to 1 or more if fatigue sector. (2) Criterion B: Read verification is performed with the clipping level as a normal level, and a non-defective sector is determined when E ₁ <Ne (Ne is a constant value determined by the fatigue mechanism of the medium) and E ₂ = E ₃ = 0. E ₁ ≧ Ne or E ₂ ≠ 0 or E
_If any of ₃ ≠ 0 occurs, it is determined as a fatigue sector.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the relationship between the eye pattern of the output waveform of the equalizer 9 for the reproduced signal of the erasable optical disk and the clipping level. FIG. 15A illustrates a case where the recording medium has no fatigue, and FIG. 15B illustrates a case where the recording medium has fatigued. The clipping level (+) and the clipping level (-) are shifted up and down by ΔV ₊ and ΔV ₋ from the clipping level (normal) Vn, respectively. The clipping level (normal) V as shown in FIG.
detection window axes W ₁ on the time axis when the comparator n is sufficiently large, also the clipping level when there is no media fatigue ₍₊₎ Vn + ΔV +, clipping level (-) Vn
The detection window width W ₂ at −ΔV ₋ is also sufficiently large. On the other hand, FIG.
In clipping level ₍₊₎ Vn + ΔV +, clipping level _(-) Vn-ΔV - detection window width W ₃ of the it is very narrow. This is because the hatched portion in FIG. 15B, which is hatched with a left-up diagonal line, deteriorated due to medium fatigue.

Although not shown, an increase in a burst error or a growth of a burst error due to a medium defect can be similarly detected by shifting the clipping level from the optimum level.

Next, the marking operation of the fatigue sector will be described. When the sector subjected to the read verify is notified to the fatigue sector and the upper CPU 3 due to medium fatigue, the upper CPU 3 instructs the controller 2 to issue a marking command to the controller 2 via the system bus signal line 106. The controller 2 decodes the command and instructs the drive 1 to search for the target track.

When the search for the target track is completed, the controller 2 sets the target track, the sector address value and the marking mode in the sector detector 23. When the target sector is detected after waiting for the disk rotation, the sector detection unit 23
Asserts the marking trigger signal line 113. The marking signal generation / detection unit 22 generates a marking writing signal through a marking trigger signal line 113, passes through the marking writing signal line 102, and is input to the laser drive unit 6 via the OR gate 7. The laser drive unit 6 modulates the laser light source of the head 5 to the recording laser power to mark the data field portion of the target sector.

FIG. 16 is a timing waveform diagram of an example of the above-described marking. 16A, 16B, and 16D show waveforms of the reproduction signal line 116 of the head amplifier 8 near the marked sector, 27 is a sector ID portion, 28 is a data field portion of recorded information, and 30 and 31 are marking portions.
The marking section 30 is an example of a marking signal recorded as a flag. The marking section 30 is located at the front of the data field 28 and in FIG. 16A. 31 is the data field 28
9 is an example of a marking unit in a form of overwriting on a mark. FIG.
6c is a marking write signal line 10 of the marking unit 31.
2 is an example of a marking write signal on the space 2, which is a pulse train of the space portions S 1, S 2, S 3 and the mark portion M gated at a high frequency. The space sections S1 and S3 are provided to simplify the configuration of the laser drive section 6 and the head amplifier 8, and the recording dot row of the data field section 28 is re-recorded by the mark section M into one long dot.

Since the spaces S1, S2, and S3 are gated at a high frequency, only a small portion of the recording dot row in the data field section 28 is re-recorded. And can be easily distinguished from the mark portion M. FIG. 16D shows an example of the marking section 31 in which the above-described sector erasing is performed before marking in FIG.

As is apparent from the above description of FIG. 16B, since the data field portion 28 has been erased, the marking portion 31 has no interference with the data field portion 28, so that the detection is easier.

The marking sections 30 and 31 are detected by the reading operation of the target sector. That is, when the drive 1 and the controller 2 are in the read state, the read data signal line 104 is input to the marking signal generation / detection unit 22,
Marking is detected by the marking units 30, 31 in FIGS. 16a, 16b, 16d. That is, it is detected during the reading operation of the sector, and the throughput of the system does not decrease.

As described above, according to this information recording / reproducing apparatus, in updating the file of the information recording / reproducing apparatus using the erasable optical disk, the means for adding the error correction detection code to the information and writing the information is provided. Means for read-verifying the directory of the file before updating, means for detecting an error flag generated from a syndrome obtained by decoding the error occurrence state of the reproduction signal from the error correction detection code, means for varying the clipping level of the comparator, By providing means for marking a defective sector, deterioration caused by repeated recording and erasure of a recording medium, that is, so-called medium fatigue can be detected, so that use of the fatigued sector does not cause a decrease in file reliability. In addition, since the fatigue sector is marked, it can be easily detected thereafter, thereby preventing erroneous use.

[0061]

However, in the conventional information recording / reproducing apparatus shown in FIG. 8 and thereafter, the amount of error occurrence is detected, and when this amount reaches a predetermined amount, it is considered that the recording layer of the medium has deteriorated. Assuming that the recording area of the medium is updated, the amount of error and the deterioration of the recording layer of the medium do not always match. That is, if dust, dirt, or scratches are formed on the surface of the medium due to repeated use of the medium, an error occurs. However, even in this case, the recording layer is not necessarily deteriorated. Although the recording medium has not deteriorated, the recordable area of the medium is wasted.

In view of the above, the present invention provides a data area for recording information in sector units, and management information for directory management of data files recorded in the data area in sector units in sector units. Of an information recording / reproducing apparatus and a recording / reproducing method for an optical disc having a file management area for performing the operation, which can reliably detect deterioration of the recording layer of the optical disc and use the recordable area of the optical disc without waste What you want to do.

[0063]

According to the present invention, there is provided a data area for recording information in sector units, and management information for directory management of data files recorded in the data area in sector units in sector units. For an optical disc having a file management area for reproduction, recording means for encoding and recording data in each sector of the data area and the file management area, and encoding data from each sector of the data area and the file management area. A data area having a reproducing means for reading and decoding; and a jitter detecting means for detecting a jitter amount of the encoded data read by the reproducing means, wherein the jitter amount detected by the jitter detecting means exceeds a predetermined threshold. The data recorded in the sector is recorded in a new sector in the data area, and the amount of jitter detection is Information recording and reproduction in which directory management information for managing data files recorded in a sector of the obtained data area cannot be reproduced and updated directory management information is recorded in a new sector of the file management area. Device.

According to the present invention, the data recorded in the sector of the data area where the amount of jitter detected by the jitter detecting means exceeds the predetermined threshold is recorded in a new sector of the data area, Makes it impossible to reproduce directory management information for managing a file of data recorded in a sector of a data area exceeding a predetermined threshold, and records updated directory management information in a new sector of the file management area. To

[0065]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An information recording / reproducing apparatus according to the present invention comprises: a data area for recording information in sector units;
For an optical disc having a file management area for recording and reproducing in a sector unit management information for directory management of a data file recorded in the data area in sector units, the data area and the file management area are provided with data in each sector. Recording means for encoding and recording data, reproducing means for reading and decoding encoded data from each sector of the data area and file management area, and jitter detection for detecting the amount of jitter of the encoded data read by the reproducing means. Means.

Then, the data recorded in the sector of the data area in which the amount of jitter detected by the jitter detection means exceeds a predetermined threshold is recorded in a new sector of the data area, and the amount of jitter detection becomes lower than the predetermined threshold. The directory management information for managing the file of the data recorded in the sector of the data area which has been exceeded is made unreproducible, and the updated directory management information is recorded in a new sector of the file management area.

The information recording / reproducing method according to the present invention comprises:
A data area is provided for an optical disc having a data area for recording information in sector units and a file management area for recording / reproducing management information for directory management of data files recorded in the data area in sector units. In each sector of the file management area, data is encoded and recorded, data is read from each sector of the data area and the file management area, decoded, and the amount of jitter of the read data is detected. The data recorded in the sector of the data area in which the jitter amount exceeds the predetermined threshold is recorded in a new sector of the data area, and the file of the data recorded in the data area in which the jitter detection amount exceeds the predetermined threshold is recorded. Makes the directory management information to be managed unplayable and file management of updated directory management information To be recorded in a new sector of the region.

[Embodiment] An embodiment of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6
In FIG. 7, the portions corresponding to those in FIGS. 9 to 14 are denoted by the same reference numerals. First, a description will be given with reference to FIG. 1 showing an information recording / reproducing apparatus of this embodiment. In FIG. 1, 1 is a drive for recording and reproducing signals on the erasable optical disk 4, 2 is a controller for controlling format data transmission to the drive 1, error correction, sector management, and the like, and 3 is a device for writing and reading information. This is the upper CPU.

The optical disk 4 is not limited to an erasable optical disk, but may be a rewritable optical disk, a phase change disk, a magneto-optical disk, or the like.

In the drive 1, reference numeral 5 denotes a head for recording / reproducing a signal, reference numeral 6 denotes a laser drive unit, reference numeral 7 denotes an OR gate, reference numeral 8 denotes a head amplifier for amplifying a reproduction signal read from the erasable optical disk 4 by the head 5, reference numeral 9 Is an equalizer for correcting waveform distortion of a reproduced signal, 10 is a comparator for binarizing an analog waveform, 11 is a clipping level generator for varying the clipping level of the comparator 10, 12
Is a servo control unit that performs focus and tracking servo on a guide track of the erasable optical disc 4 by a focus error signal or a track error signal from the head amplifier 8, and 13 is a control CP that performs system control of the drive 1.
U and 14 are drive interface units.

Note that, in this figure, the disk motor and the linear motor are omitted.

In the controller 2, 15 is a system interface unit, and 16 is an error correction control unit (EDA).
C), 17 are encoders for error correction detection codes, 18 is a decoder, and 20 is an interleave / randomizer for randomizing a burst error generated in the erasable optical disc 4.
A deinterleave unit 21 is a digital modulation / demodulation unit (MODEM) that digitally modulates and demodulates information to which an error correction detection code is added.
The detecting section 23 has a track address / sector address reading section from the read data signal line 104,
A sector detection unit for detecting a sector of a target track / sector address designated by 24, a drive interface unit 25, and a RAM 26.

Reference numeral 200 denotes a jitter detector, and reference numeral 201 denotes a PLL. A read data signal from a read data signal line 104, which will be described later, is connected to the jitter detector 200 and the PLL 201.
Supplied to In the PLL 201, a clock signal is extracted from the read data signal, and the clock signal is supplied to the jitter detector. The jitter detector 200 is a PLL
The jitter amount of the read data signal is detected by comparing the clock signal from 201 with the read data signal. The data of the detected jitter amount is transmitted to the control CPU 24 through a CPU bus signal line 108 described later.
Supplied to

Reference numeral 101 is a write data signal line, 102 is a marking write signal line, 103 is an erase gate signal line, 1
04 is a read data signal line, 105 is a clip level signal line, 106 is a system bus signal line, 107 is a drive control interface signal line, 108 is a CPU bus signal line, 109 is an internal data bus signal line, and 110 is RAM
Address signal line, 111 is a sector detection signal line, 112 is a marking signal detection signal line, 113 is a marking signal trigger signal line, 114 is a clipping level setting signal line,
115 is an internal data bus signal line, and 116 is a reproduction signal line.

The operation of the information recording / reproducing apparatus of the present embodiment configured as described above will be described below.

Here, consider an erasable optical disk having a directory area and a data area as shown in one embodiment of the file update shown in FIGS. FIGS. 2 to 4 show an example of tracks 0 to 2 as the directory area and tracks 100 to 110 as the data area, and the track has six sectors 0 to 5.

Tracks 0 and 100 to 10
It is assumed that files are recorded up to 3, but not shown, and only files A, B and C are shown in the figure. For the sake of explanation, the directory of each file is shown corresponding to one file in one sector. In general, one sector often manages directories of a plurality of files.

Now, consider a case where file B (track 105, sector 0 to track 106, sector 3, 10 sectors) as shown in FIG. 2 is updated to file B '(11 sectors).

FIG. 5 is an example of a flowchart for updating a file. Hereinafter, the file update operation will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

(1) The upper CPU 3 is the erasable optical disk 4
, A directory area is sequentially read, a directory of the file B is searched (step ST-1), and an address, a track 1, and a sector 1 included in the directory are determined (step ST-2).

(2) The upper CPU 3 outputs a read verify command for the sector of the directory to the system bus signal line 106 (step ST-3).

(3) Control of the controller 2 The CPU 24 decodes the command, initializes the jitter detector 200, and starts a read verify operation for the corresponding sector.

(4) The read verify operation is performed as follows. a. The controller 2 outputs a track search command to the drive 1. That is, the control CPU 24 outputs the track address data to the drive control interface signal line 107 through the drive interface 25,
The control CPU 13 of the drive 1 decodes the command received by the drive interface 14 and moves the head 5 to a target track. After confirming the target track address, the drive 1 notifies the controller 2 of the end of the track search.

B. The controller 2 sends a command for setting a clipping level to the drive 1. In the drive 1, the control CPU 13 outputs the clipping level value to a clipping level setting signal line 114, which is subjected to D / A conversion by the clipping level generator 11 and applied to the comparator 10 via the clipping level signal line 105.

C. The controller 2 sets the track and sector address values in the sector detection unit 23. After waiting for the rotation of the disk, the sector detection unit 23 outputs that the target sector is found to the sector detection signal line 111, and starts the digital demodulation operation of the digital modulation / demodulation unit 21. Information recorded on the erasable optical disk 4 is photoelectrically converted by a head 5, amplified by a head amplifier 8, subjected to waveform distortion correction processing by an equalizer 9, binarized by a comparator 10, and output to a read data signal line 104. You. d. The signal on the read data signal line 104 is demodulated by the digital modulation / demodulation unit 21 and output to the internal bus signal line 115. The interleave / deinterleave unit 20 is set to a deinterleave mode, and the RAM 26 is shifted from top to bottom along an arrow marked as an interleave direction shown in FIG. 6 showing an example of a codeword configuration of information to which an error correction detection code is added. Change the address and change the internal bus signal line 115
Is stored in the RAM 26 via the error control unit 16 (here, the information is not affected at all and the signal is simply bypassed) and the internal bus signal line 109. In FIG. 6, a code word is composed of m information symbols and p error correction detection code symbols, and n code words are arranged in a rectangular shape. The control CPU 24 detects the end of the demodulation, sets the interleave / deinterleave unit 20 to the deinterleave mode, and activates the decoder 18. In the deinterleave mode, data is read in the direction of the arrow indicated as the deinterleave direction shown in FIG. 6, that is, in the codeword direction of the error correction detection code, and from left to right. The decoder 18 detects the error by decoding the error correction detection code and corrects the error.
Write to M26.

E. The read data signal from the read data signal line 104 is connected to the jitter detector 200 and the PLL 20.
1 is supplied. In the PLL 201, a clock signal is extracted from the read data signal, and the clock signal is supplied to the jitter detector. The jitter detector 200 has a PL
The amount of jitter in the read data signal is detected by comparing the clock signal from L201 with the read data signal. The data of the detected jitter amount is C
It is supplied to the control CPU 24 through the PU bus signal line 108.

F. The control CPU 24 controls the jitter detector 20
The detected jitter amount from 0 is compared with a predetermined threshold value,
It is checked whether or not a predetermined threshold has been exceeded (step ST
-4).

(5) The control CPU 24 controls the jitter detector 2
The jitter amount detected from 00 is compared with a predetermined threshold value,
The result of the determination as to whether or not the value has exceeded the predetermined threshold is notified to the host CPU 3. That is, when the recording layer of the recording medium in the sector is fatigued, the result of determining whether or not the sector is fatigued is notified to the host CPU 3 by utilizing the property that the amount of jitter increases.

(6) If the recording medium is sufficiently new and has no fatigue, that is, if the sector pass / fail judgment result is good, the upper C
The PU 3 rewrites the information of the file B 'to the data area of the file B (step ST-5), creates a directory for the new file B', and rewrites the directory B to B '. As shown in FIG. 3, file B (track 10
5. Rewrite the data from sector 0 to track 106 and sector 3) with information for 10 sectors of file B '. Next, the track 107 and sector 4 which are the non-defective non-recorded sector next to the recorded sector in the data area are determined, and the remaining information of the file B 'is written.

New directory of file B '; information of track 106, sector 3, track 107 and sector 4 is created from track 105 and sector 0, and directory B of track 1 and sector 1 in the directory area is newly rewritten.

(7) When the recording medium reaches the limit of use due to fatigue, that is, when the result of the sector pass / fail judgment is negative, the upper CPU marks the directory and data of the file B as shown in FIG. ST-8), and write file B 'to an unrecorded good sector (step ST)
-9). That is, the track B, sector 0 to track 106, and sector 3 of the file B are marked.
Next, an unrecorded non-defective sector following the recorded sector in the data area; track 107, sector 4 is determined. File B '
Is written in the track 107, 11 sectors from sector 4.

A directory of the file B in the directory area is created (step ST-10), and a sector in the directory; track 1 and sector 1 are marked (step ST-11). Non-recorded non-defective sector next to the recorded sector in the directory area; track 1, sector 3
To create a directory for file B 'and write it to track 1 and sector 3 (step ST-12). Thus, the updating of the file B to the file B 'is completed.

Next, the operation of writing information to a sector will be described. The upper CPU 3 includes a write command and a track,
A sector address, the number of sector blocks to be written, and the like are output on a system bus signal line 106. The controller 2 receives the command through the system interface 15, decodes the command with the control CPU 24, and recognizes that the command is a write command. The controller 2 sends a target track search command to the drive 1. Controller 2 is upper CPU 3
Request information transfer.

The information is DMA-transferred between the host CPU 3 and the system interface 15 and stored in the RAM 26. When information transfer for one sector is completed, the control CPU
24 activates the encoder 17 of the error control unit 16 and
Information is read from M26 in codeword units, an error correction detection code is generated, output to the internal bus signal line 109, and written to the RAM 26 again.

The order of writing to the RAM 26 is controlled by the interleave / deinterleave section 20 and is performed in the direction of the arrow in the deinterleave direction shown in FIG. 6 and from left to right. When the encoding operation of the information for one sector is completed, the control CPU 24 causes the sector detecting section 23 to record the track,
The sector address value is set, and the digital modem 21
Is set to the modulation mode, and the interleave / deinterleave unit 20 is set to the interleave read address order of the RAM 26.

The sector detection section 23 asserts the sector detection signal line 111 upon detection of the target track and sector, and
26 information is transferred to the internal bus signal line 109 and the error control unit 17.
(In this case, the information is not affected at all and the signal is only bypassed.) The signal is input to the digital modulation / demodulation unit 21 via the internal bus signal line 115, modulated, and output to the write data signal line 101. The reading order of the RAM 26 is determined by the interleave / deinterleave section 26 in the direction of the interleave direction shown in FIG. The write data signal line 101 drives the laser of the head 5 by the laser drive circuit 6 through the OR gate 7. The above operation is repeated for the number of sector blocks.

Next, the operation of reading a sector will be described. The description of the read verify operation is basically the same as that of the read verify operation, except that the clipping level of the comparator 10 is set to the normal level and the information after the completion of the decoding operation is transmitted from the RAM 26 to the internal bus signal line 109, the system interface 15, the system bus signal. The difference is that the data is transferred to the host CPU via the line 106.

Rewriting of information in a sector is performed in two steps of erasing a target sector and writing information. First, upon detection of a target sector, the sector detection unit 23 sets the erase gate signal line 10
3 outputs a sector detection signal. Erase gate signal line 10
Numeral 3 is input to the laser drive unit 6 to set the laser light source of the head 5 to the erasing mode, and to irradiate the erasing optical disk 4 with a constant amount of light. The recording medium of the erasable optical disk 4 is annealed in the erasing mode and recrystallized. Next, a laser light source is set in a recording mode, and information is written by rapidly heating the recording medium with the modulated laser light to make the heated portion amorphous.

Next, the marking operation of the fatigue sector will be described. When the sector that has been read-verified is notified to the fatigue sector and the upper CPU 3 due to medium fatigue, the upper CPU 3 issues a marking command to the controller 2 via the system bus signal line 106. The controller 2 decodes the command and instructs the drive 1 to search for the target track.

When the search for the target track is completed, the controller 2 sets the target track, the sector address value and the marking mode in the sector detector 23. When the target sector is detected after waiting for the disk rotation, the sector detection unit 23
Asserts the marking trigger signal line 113. The marking signal generation / detection unit 22 generates a marking writing signal through a marking trigger signal line 113, passes through the marking writing signal line 102, and is input to the laser drive unit 6 via the OR gate 7. The laser drive unit 6 modulates the laser light source of the head 5 to the recording laser power to mark the data field portion of the target sector.
For the specific example of the marking, FIG. 16 of the above-described conventional example and the description thereof are cited.

In the conventional information recording / reproducing apparatus shown in FIG. 9, if dust or dirt is not adhered or scratched on the optical disc and the read data is missing, the error is corrected by an error correction circuit. Detected as an error.

However, in the case of the above-described embodiment, if dust or dirt is not deposited on the optical disk or if the read data is missing due to scratches, the jitter detector 200 It is determined by the slice circuit or the like that the read data is not supplied. For this reason, even if dust is not deposited on the optical disc or is scratched, and the read data is missing, there is no possibility that the jitter detector 200 will detect large jitter.

[0103]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, a data area for recording information in sector units, and management information for directory management of data files recorded in the data area in sector units in sector units. Recording means for encoding and recording data in each sector of a data area and a file management area on an optical disc having a file management area for recording and reproduction; and encoding data from each sector of the data area and the file management area. And a jitter detector for detecting the amount of jitter in the coded data read by the reproducer, wherein the amount of jitter detected by the jitter detector exceeds a predetermined threshold. The data recorded in the sector of the area is recorded in a new sector of the data area, and the jitter detection amount exceeds a predetermined threshold. Since the directory management information for managing the data file recorded in the sector of the data area that has been made unreproducible and the updated directory management information is recorded in a new sector of the file management area, Thus, it is possible to obtain an information recording / reproducing apparatus which can reliably detect the deterioration of the recording layer and can use the recordable area of the optical disc without waste.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, a data area for recording information in sector units and management information for directory management of data files recorded in the data area for recording and reproducing in sector units. On an optical disc having a file management area, data is encoded and recorded in each sector of the data area and the file management area, and data is read and decoded from each sector of the data area and the file management area. The jitter amount of the data is detected, and the data recorded in the sector of the data area where the detected jitter amount exceeds the predetermined threshold is recorded in a new sector of the data area, and the jitter detection amount exceeds the predetermined threshold. Directory management information that manages the data files recorded in the data area
Further, since the updated directory management information is recorded in a new sector of the file management area, it is possible to reliably detect the deterioration of the recording layer of the optical disc and to use the recordable area of the optical disc without waste. An information recording / reproducing method can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an information recording / reproducing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an operation diagram of file updating according to the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is an operation diagram of file updating according to the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is an operation diagram of file updating according to the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart for updating a file in the information recording / reproducing method according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a code word configuration of an error correction detection code according to the embodiment.

FIG. 7A is a plan view of an optical disk used for describing a method of managing the number of times of erasure of a conventional optical disk device. B is a diagram showing a track format of the optical disc.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing another conventional information recording / reproducing apparatus.

FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing a further conventional information recording / reproducing apparatus.

FIG. 10 is an operation diagram of the conventional file update.

FIG. 11 is an operation diagram of the conventional file update.

FIG. 12 is an operation diagram of the conventional file update.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart for updating a file in the conventional information recording / reproducing method.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a code word structure of an error correction detection code of the conventional example.

FIG. 15 is a waveform diagram showing an eye pattern and a clipping level of a reproduced signal of the conventional example.

FIG. 16 is a timing waveform chart showing an example of the operation of the conventional marking.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 drive, 2 controllers, 3 host CPUs, 2
4 Control CPU, 200 Jitter detector, 201 PL
L.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification symbol FI G11B 20/18 574 G11B 20/18 574H 27/00 27/00 A A

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A data area for recording information in sector units, and a file management area for recording / reproducing management information for directory management of data files recorded in the data area in sector units in sector units. Recording means for encoding and recording data in each sector of the data area and the file management area; and reading and decoding encoded data from each sector of the data area and the file management area. A reproducing means, and a jitter detecting means for detecting a jitter amount of the encoded data read by the reproducing means, wherein a sector of the data area in which the jitter amount detected by the jitter detecting means exceeds a predetermined threshold value. While recording data recorded in a new sector of the data area,
The directory management information for managing the file of the data recorded in the sector of the data area in which the jitter detection amount exceeds a predetermined threshold is made unreproducible, and the updated directory management information is newly stored in the file management area. An information recording / reproducing apparatus characterized in that information is recorded in a special sector. 2. An optical disk having a data area for recording information in sector units and a file management area for recording and reproducing sector information in management information for directory management of data files recorded in the data area. In contrast, data is encoded and recorded in each sector of the data area and the file management area, and data is read and decoded from each sector of the data area and the file management area. A jitter amount is detected, data recorded in a sector of the data area where the detected jitter amount exceeds a predetermined threshold is recorded in a new sector of the data area, and the jitter detection amount is set to a predetermined threshold. Directory management information for managing data files recorded in the data area that has been exceeded is made unreproducible, and Information recording and reproducing method characterized by the new directory management information be recorded in a new sector of the file management area.