JPH11162290A - Service switch - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a service switch capable of being miniaturized and enhanced in electric connection reliability in short circuit, and also reducing the initial inserting force. SOLUTION: A lever 39 for manually rotating a rotating shaft 33 which has at least an arm part 35 orthogonal to the rotating shaft 33 is fixed to the rotating shaft 33. A pair of fixed short-circuit terminals 41, 41 to be connected to both ends of an opened circuit are arranged on the plane orthogonal to the shaft center of the rotating shaft 33. A rotating short-circuit terminal 45 for closing the circuit by making contact with both the fixed short-circuit terminals 41, 41 in a fixed rotating angle position of the rotating shaft 33 to mutually short-circuit the fixed short-circuit terminals 41, 41 is fixed to the rotating shaft 33.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a circuit switch (service switch) for manually interrupting and shorting an electric circuit, and is particularly suitable for use in an electric vehicle having a high voltage circuit for driving a motor. Things.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Since an electric vehicle has a high-voltage circuit for driving a motor, it is necessary to interrupt a circuit current in order to prevent an electric shock of an operator at the time of inspection and maintenance (service). Conventionally, a service plug shown in FIG. 5 is known as this type of circuit opening / closing device used for an electric vehicle.

[0003] The service plug 1, which is a circuit switchgear,
It comprises a circuit housing 3 and a detachable plug 5 which is detachable from the circuit housing 3.

[0004] The circuit housing 3 comprises a box portion 7 having an upper opening, and a cover 9 for closing the opening of the box portion 7. The box terminal 7 has a female terminal 1 which is a cylindrical circuit terminal.
Two circuits 1 and 11 are arranged side by side for one circuit. The female terminals 11, 11 are electrically connected to a high-voltage electric wire 13, and the high-voltage electric wire 13 is led out of the box portion 7 and routed into the vehicle body.

The cover 9 attached to the upper opening of the box 7 has terminal insertion holes 1 corresponding to the female terminals 11.
5 is drilled. A pair of parallel guide walls 17, 17 are provided upright on the upper surface of the cover 9. Guide wall 17,
The upper end of each of the opposing surfaces 17 is a guide wall 17, 17.
A guide groove 19 which is open at the upper end surface and is long in the vertical direction is formed.

On the other hand, the detachable plug 5 includes a lever 21, a plug body 23 rotatably connected to the lever 21,
Male terminals 25, 25 which are short-circuit terminals protruding from the plug main body 23. A bus bar 27 is provided inside the plug body 23, and the bus bar 27 electrically connects the two male terminals 25,25. On the side of the lever 21,
Bosses 29, 29 are protruded. This boss 29, 29
Are fitted in the guide grooves 19 of the guide walls 17, 17.

In the service plug 1 configured as described above, to close the high-voltage current circuit, the user grips the lever 21 and
The bosses 29 on both sides of the lever are inserted into the guide grooves 19 of the guide walls 17. The detachable plug 5 is attached to the boss 29, 2
Immediately after the 9 enters the guide groove 19, the male terminals 25, 25
Of the terminal enters the terminal insertion hole 15. Then, lever 2
When 1 is pushed in the direction of the circuit housing, the male terminals 25, 25 are fitted into the female terminals 11, 11, and the female terminals 11, 11 are short-circuited, and the high-voltage current circuit is closed.

To open the high voltage current circuit, the lever 2
1 is grasped, and the detachable plug 5 is pulled out of the circuit container 3 in the direction away from the circuit container 3. Thereby, the male terminals 25, 25 are connected to the female terminals 1
Then, the high-voltage circuit is opened between the female terminals 11 and 11 to cut off the high-voltage current.

[0009]

However, in the conventional service plug described above, two male terminals must be provided on the detachable plug in order to open and close one circuit. However, there is a problem that the detachable plug becomes large. In addition, since the rod-shaped male terminal is inserted into the cylindrical female terminal in the direction of the central axis and the circumferential surfaces of both are brought into contact with each other, they do not come into contact with each other on a plane (in other words, they tend to be in a line contact state). ), The contact area may be easily reduced. Furthermore, in the above-described conventional service plug, two male terminals are simultaneously inserted into the female terminal per circuit, so that the initial insertion force at the start of insertion is increased by the number of male terminals. For this reason, especially when the number of poles is increased, the initial insertion force overlaps, and an extremely high insertion force is required, and there is a problem that the insertability is deteriorated.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and a first object of the present invention is to make it possible to reduce the size,
Another object of the present invention is to provide a circuit opening / closing device (service switch) that can improve the electrical connection reliability at the time of a short circuit.

A second object of the present invention is to provide a service switch capable of reducing initial insertion force and improving insertability.

[0012]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a service switch for rotating a rotary shaft, the rotary switch being fixed to the rotary shaft, and manually rotating the rotary shaft. A lever having at least an arm portion in a direction orthogonal to the rotation axis, and a pair of fixed short-circuit terminals connected to both ends of an open circuit disposed on a plane orthogonal to the axis of the rotation axis; A rotating short-circuited terminal that is fixed to the rotating shaft and contacts the pair of fixed short-circuiting terminals at a fixed rotation angle position of the rotating shaft to short-circuit the pair of fixed short-circuiting terminals and close the circuit. It is characterized by having.

In this service switch, when the lever is turned, the turning short-circuit terminal turns together with the turning shaft, and the turning short-circuit terminal comes into contact with a pair of fixed short-circuit terminals arranged opposite to each other.
As a result, the circuit that has been opened between the fixed short-circuit terminals is closed via the rotary short-circuit terminal.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a service switch, wherein the pair of fixed short-circuit terminals are respectively disposed on a plurality of parallel planes orthogonal to the axis of the rotating shaft, and are disposed on the plane. 2. The service switch according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the rotating short-circuit terminals respectively contacting the pair of fixed short-circuit terminals are fixed to the rotating shaft. 3. Each of the plurality of rotary short-circuit terminals is arranged to be shifted in the rotational direction so as to sequentially contact the pair of fixed short-circuit terminals.

In this service switch, the rotating short-circuit terminals are arranged shifted in the rotating direction, and the rotating short-circuit terminals sequentially contact the fixed short-circuit terminals. Therefore, the plurality of rotating short-circuit terminals do not contact the fixed short-circuit terminals at the same time, and even when the service switch is used in multiple circuits, the initial insertion force does not double in proportion to the number of circuits.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of a service switch according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a service switch according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a deformation process of a contact portion of a rotating short-circuit terminal.

A rotary shaft 33 is rotatably fixed to a rectangular service switch box (box) 31 fixed to a vehicle body (not shown) so as to penetrate opposite side walls. At both ends of the rotating shaft 33 protruding to the outside of the box 31, an arm 35 perpendicular to the rotating shaft 33 is fixed in parallel. The distal ends of the arms 35 are connected by a gripping rod 37 parallel to the rotation shaft 33. That is, the pair of arms 3
The grip 5 and the gripping rod 37 constitute a lever 39 for manually rotating the rotation shaft 33 by gripping the gripping rod 37.

A pair of fixed short-circuit terminals 41, 41 facing each other with the rotating shaft 33 interposed therebetween are fixed to the other side walls sandwiched between the two side walls supporting the rotating shaft 33. Fixed short-circuit terminal 4
In 1 and 41, the opposing tip part 41a is formed in a column shape. The distal ends of the fixed short-circuit terminals 41, 41 are arranged so as to face each other so that the central axes thereof coincide with a line perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft 33. Further, the base end portions 41b of the fixed short-circuit terminals 41, 41 are flat terminal screwing portions. A through hole 41c is formed in the terminal screwing portion. Electric wires (not shown) connected to both ends of an open circuit (such as a high-voltage circuit for driving a motor) are screwed into the terminal screw portion via terminals.

In this example, a pair of fixed short-circuit terminals 41, 4
1 are provided in plural pairs (two pairs) in the rotation axis direction.
The pair of fixed short-circuit terminals 41, 41 are disposed on a plane orthogonal to the axis of the rotating shaft 33. Therefore, in this example, two pairs of fixed short-circuit terminals 41, 41 are respectively arranged on two parallel planes orthogonal to the axis of the rotating shaft 33.

The fixed short-circuit terminals 41, 41 have slits 43 formed by cutting out the end portions 41a in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft 33 in the end portions 41a.

On the other hand, on the rotating shaft 33, rotating short-circuit terminals 45, 45 are fixed between each pair of fixed short-circuit terminals 41, 41. Therefore, in this example, the fixed short-circuit terminals 41, 41
, There are also provided two rotation short-circuit terminals 45, 45. The rotation short-circuit terminals 45, 45 have, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped shape that is long in a direction orthogonal to the rotation shaft 33, and have a central portion fixed to the rotation shaft 33. Therefore, both ends of the rotation short-circuit terminals 45, 45 are located with the rotation shaft 33 interposed therebetween.

Contact springs 47 made of a conductive material are provided at both ends of the rotation short-circuit terminals 45, 45 on both side surfaces through which the rotation shaft 33 passes. All the contact springs 47 provided on the rotation short-circuit terminals 45, 45 are electrically conductive. As means for electrically connecting the contact springs 47, not only are the rotating short-circuit terminals 45, 45 made of a conductor, but also bus bars are built in the rotating short-circuit terminals 45, 45 made of an insulating material, and the bus bar is inserted through the bus bar. The contact springs 47 may be electrically connected to each other.

As shown in FIG. 2A, the contact spring 47 is used.
Has a chevron shape whose central portion protrudes from the side surface of the rotating short-circuit terminals 45, 45. The contact spring 47 is structurally or materially elastic so that the protruding central portion becomes a flat surface. As a structurally elastic member, a spring plate piece, a bundle of spring linear members, a braid of a spring linear member, or the like can be considered, and as a material having elasticity, a conductive rubber or the like can be considered.

The turning short-circuit terminals 45, 45 rotate in the circumferential direction around the turning shaft 33 in accordance with the turning of the turning shaft 33, so that they are in the slits 43 of the fixed short-circuit terminals 41, 41. Is to be inserted into. The thickness t (see FIG. 2) between the tops of the contact springs 47 protruding from both side surfaces of the rotary short-circuit terminals 45, 45 is formed slightly larger than the gap s of the slit 43. Therefore, the contact spring 47 inserted into the slit 43 is elastically deformed so that the central portion becomes a flat surface, and comes into contact with the inner wall of the slit 43 by this flat surface.

The service switch 49 thus configured
The operation of will be described. When the lever 39 is raised (the state shown in FIG. 1), the rotary short-circuit terminals 45, 45 stand up as shown in FIG. 1, and do not contact the fixed short-circuit terminals 41, 41. Therefore, a circuit (not shown) having both ends connected to the fixed short-circuit terminals 41, 41 is opened, and the circuit current is cut off.

When the lever 39 is rotated clockwise in FIG. 1, the rotation short-circuit terminals 45, 45 rotate together with the rotation shaft 33, and the contact springs 47 provided at both ends of the rotation short-circuit terminals 45, 45 are rotated. , Enters the slit 43 of the fixed short-circuit terminals 41, 41 arranged opposite to each other.

The contact spring 47 enters the slit 43 while elastically deforming with the protruding central portion being a flat surface,
As shown in FIG. 2B, the inner wall surface of the slit 43 comes into surface contact with a flat surface. Therefore, the fixed short-circuit terminals 41, 41
Are short-circuited by the contact springs 47 which are electrically connected to each other, and the circuit (not shown) opened between the fixed short-circuit terminals 41, 41 is closed via the rotary short-circuit terminals 45, 45.

According to this service switch 49, one circuit can be opened and closed by using one rotary short-circuit terminal 45, so that it can be compared with a conventional circuit opening / closing device requiring two male terminals per circuit. Thus, downsizing can be achieved with a reduced number of components. This has a particularly remarkable effect when the number of open / close circuits is increased.

Further, since opening and closing can be performed only by rotating the lever 39, a large work space for attaching and detaching the conventional detachable plug is not required, and a space exclusively used for mounting can be reduced.

Further, since the contact spring 47 is elastically deformed and comes into contact with the inner wall surface of the slit 43 of the fixed short-circuit terminals 41, 41 on a flat surface, the contact between the flat surfaces becomes possible, and the conventional peripheral surface between the circumferential surfaces is formed. A large contact area can be secured compared to contact,
Connection reliability can be improved.

In the above embodiment, the fixed short-circuit terminals 41, 41 are opposed to each other with the rotation shaft 33 interposed therebetween, and the central portions of the rotation short-circuit terminals 45, 45 are fixed to the rotation shaft 33, and The example in which the contact springs 47 provided at both ends of the short-circuit terminals 45, 45 are inserted into the slits 43 of the fixed short-circuit terminals 41, 41 has been described.
A pair may be vertically arranged on one side of the device.

Next, another embodiment of the service switch according to the present invention will be described. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the service switch according to the present invention, and FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the initial insertion force of the service switch and time.

The service switch 51 according to this embodiment
Are a plurality of (two in this example) rotating short-circuit terminals 45, 45
Are fixed to the rotating shaft 33 while being shifted from each other in the rotation direction. In this example, the rotating short-circuit terminal 45 on the right side of FIG. 3 is shifted from the rotating short-circuit terminal 45 on the left side so as to approach the fixed short-circuit terminal 41. Therefore, the rotation short-circuit terminals 45, 4
5 is a fixed short-circuit terminal 4
1, 41 are contacted. Other configurations are the same as those of the service switch 49 described above.

The service switch 51 thus configured
Then, when the lever 39 is rotated, first, the rotating short-circuit terminal 45 on the right side of FIG.
Enter within 3. Further, by rotating the lever 39 in the same direction, the rotating short-circuit terminal 45 on the left side in FIG. 3 then enters the slit 43 of the fixed short-circuit terminals 41, 41. At this time, the right rotation short-circuit terminal 45 is
3, the contact spring 47 is slid while making contact with the contact spring 47 to maintain the contact state.
When it is completely inserted into the inside, the sliding in the slit 43 is stopped.

As shown in FIG. 4A, the rotation short-circuit terminal 4
The insertion force of 5 is such that the initial insertion force P1 from the time T1 when the contact spring 47 starts to enter the slit 43 to the time T2 when the elastic deformation ends is the maximum as the sum of the deformation force and the friction force. Become. Thereafter, the sliding insertion force P2 from the time T2 when the deformation is completed to the time T3 from the end of the sliding is reduced (P1> P2).

Therefore, the initial insertion force P1 when the two rotary short-circuit terminals 45, 45 are simultaneously inserted into the fixed short-circuit terminals 41, 41 is twice as large as when one rotary short-circuit terminal 45 is inserted. The initial insertion force becomes P3 (P3 = P1 × 2).
That is, when N rotating short-circuit terminals are arranged at the same rotation angle position, the initial insertion force becomes N times the initial insertion force required for inserting one rotating short-circuit terminal.

On the other hand, in the service switch 51 according to the other embodiment described above, the rotating short-circuit terminals 45, 45 sequentially enter the slit 43, and the rotating short-circuit terminals 45, 45 do not simultaneously enter the slit 43. As a result, as shown in FIG. 4B, the initial insertion force is reduced to the rotation short-circuit terminal 4 on the right side of FIG.
Only 5 becomes the value P1 when entering the slit 43, which is halved as compared with the case where the two rotary short-circuit terminals 45, 45 are inserted at the same time.

Then, while the right rotating short-circuit terminal 45 is slidably inserted, the left rotating short-circuit terminal 45 is inserted. At that time, the insertion force P4 at the time T4 is the sliding insertion force P2. And the initial insertion force P1 (P4 = P2 + P1),
Since P1> P2, it does not become larger than the above-mentioned initial insertion force P3 (P3> P4).

According to the service switch 51, the rotating short-circuit terminals 45, 45 are sequentially inserted into the fixed short-circuit terminals 41, 41 as the rotating shaft 33 rotates. In addition, the initial insertion force does not overlap, the initial insertion force can be kept low, and good insertability can be obtained.

[0040]

As described above in detail, according to the service switch of the first aspect of the present invention, the pair of fixed short-circuit terminals disposed on a plane orthogonal to the axis of the rotating shaft, A rotating short-circuit terminal that contacts both the pair of fixed short-circuit terminals by the rotation of the drive shaft is provided, so that one circuit can be opened and closed using one rotating short-circuit terminal, and the number of parts can be reduced to make the service switch The size can be reduced. Further, since the fixed short-circuit terminal and the rotary short-circuit terminal can be brought into contact with each other on a plane, a large contact area can be secured as compared with a case where the circumferential surfaces are brought into contact with each other, and connection reliability can be improved.

According to the service switch of the second aspect, each of the plurality of rotary short-circuit terminals is arranged in the rotational direction so as to sequentially contact the pair of fixed short-circuit terminals on different planes. The insertion force does not overlap, the initial insertion force is reduced, and the insertability can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a service switch according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a deformation process of a contact portion of a rotating short-circuit terminal.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the service switch according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a relationship between an initial insertion force of a service switch and time.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a conventional circuit switching device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 33 Rotation shaft 35 Arm 39 Lever 41 Fixed short-circuit terminal 45 Rotation short-circuit terminal 49, 51 Service switch

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A lever having a pivot shaft, an arm fixed to the pivot shaft, and manually rotating the pivot shaft at least in a direction perpendicular to the pivot shaft. A pair of fixed short-circuit terminals arranged on a plane perpendicular to the axis and connected to both ends of the open circuit; and a pair of fixed short-circuit terminals fixed to the rotating shaft and fixed at a fixed rotation angle position of the rotating shaft. A service switch, comprising: a rotating short-circuit terminal that contacts the short-circuit terminal and short-circuits the pair of fixed short-circuit terminals to close the circuit. 2. A pair of fixed short-circuit terminals are respectively disposed on a plurality of parallel planes orthogonal to the axis of the rotation shaft, and contact the pair of fixed short-circuit terminals respectively disposed on the plane. 2. The service switch according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of rotating short-circuit terminals are fixed to the rotating shaft, and sequentially contact the pair of fixed short-circuit terminals on different planes as the rotating shaft rotates. 3. A service switch characterized in that each of the plurality of rotary short-circuit terminals is arranged so as to be shifted in the rotational direction.