JPH11159993A - Multipipe condenser - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a multipipe condenser in which heating tubes can be secured surely to the tube plates on the opposite sides of a shell body regardless of the material thereof, corrosion can be dealt with easily and a corrosive reaction gas can be condensed stably for a long term. SOLUTION: A seal plate 5 is secured between an end plate 4 and the tube plates 2 on the opposite sides of a shell 1 while being clamped. End part of a heating tube 3 is inserted into a supporting hole made in the tube plate 2 and a through hole made in the seal plate 5. A seal ring 6 applied to the outside of the heating tube 3 is brought into resilient contact with the circumferential edges at the facing parts of the supporting hole and the through hole thus sealing the outer circumference of the heating tube 3 and securing the heating tube 3 while preventing removal.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a multi-tube condenser having a large number of heat transfer tubes provided inside a cylindrical main body.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a chemical plant, a multitubular condenser is one type of condenser used for condensing and liquefying various reaction gases. FIG. 4 is a side sectional view schematically showing a configuration of a conventional multi-tube condenser.

[0003] In the illustrated multi-tubular condenser, tube plates 2 and 2 are attached to openings at both ends of a cylindrical main body 1 so as to close them, and both ends are attached to the tube plates 2 and 2. A plurality of supported heat transfer tubes 3, 3... Are installed inside the main body 1, and the outer sides of the tube plates 2, 2 on both sides are separated by separate end plates 4, 4 flanged to their peripheral edges. It has a covered configuration.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view showing details of a support portion of the heat transfer tubes 3, 3,. As shown, support holes 20, 20 for supporting the plurality of heat transfer tubes 3, 3,...
... are formed through. The heat transfer tube 3 is a small-diameter thin-walled metal tube. One end of the heat transfer tube 3 is inserted into the corresponding support hole 20 as shown in FIG. It is fixed to the tube sheet 2 by welding to the periphery. The fixing may be performed by a method of expanding the protruding ends of the heat transfer tubes 3, 3... To the outside of the support holes 20 and pressing the heat transfer tubes 3 to the periphery of the support holes 20, that is, by so-called expansion.

As shown in FIG. 4, a cooling water introduction pipe 10 is attached to one side of the main body 1 and a cooling water outlet pipe 11 is attached to the other side thereof. Are introduced into the main body 1 through 10 and flow to the other side while being in contact with the entire outer surfaces of the heat transfer tubes 3, 3. .

[0006] Further, the outer end plates 4, 4 of the tube plates 2, 2 on both sides.
4 is provided with an inlet pipe 40 and an outlet pipe 41 for a reaction gas to be condensed, respectively.
, Is introduced into the inside of the end plate 4 on one side, and is condensed by heat exchange with cooling water that contacts the outside while flowing inside the plurality of heat transfer tubes 3, 3. Out to the other side and attached to the end plate 4 on the same side.
Is taken out to the outside.

[0007]

In the multi-tube condenser configured as described above, for example, as a reaction gas to be condensed, a heat transfer tube made of metal such as an acid gas is used.
In some cases, various kinds of corrosive gases having a corrosive property may be handled. It is necessary to perform anticorrosion treatment on each part where gas contacts.

[0008] This anticorrosion treatment is generally performed using a fluorine resin,
This is performed by coating a resin material such as a phenol resin on the contact portion of the reaction gas. However, it is difficult to reliably coat the inner surfaces of the small and long heat transfer tubes 3, 3. There is a problem that the corrosion of the heat tubes 3, 3,... Cannot be completely prevented.

As another method of anticorrosion treatment, there is a method of lining (glass lining) a glass material having good corrosion resistance to various corrosive gases. There is a problem that it is difficult to reliably line the inner surfaces of the heat transfer tubes 3, 3,... Having a long diameter, and there is a problem that it is not possible to completely prevent the occurrence of corrosion due to a defective lining.

As another method for securing the corrosion resistance of the heat transfer tubes 3, 3,..., There is a method of using heat transfer tubes 3, 3 made of metal having high corrosion resistance such as stainless steel and Hastelloy. The types of gas are limited, and it is difficult to maintain good corrosion resistance for a long period of time.

As described above, in the conventional multi-tube condenser, when the reaction gas to be condensed is a corrosive gas, there is a problem that the occurrence of corrosion inside the heat transfer tubes 3, 3,... Cannot be prevented. Therefore, conventionally, the heat transfer tubes 3 and 3 have been monitored by monitoring the operation state and performing periodic inspections.
The presence or absence of corrosion is examined, and a predetermined countermeasure is taken for the heat transfer tube 3 where the corrosion has occurred, so that the occurrence of inconvenience due to the progress of the corrosion is prevented beforehand.

It is desirable that the heat transfer tube 3 which has been found to be corroded by the monitoring or inspection is subjected to the above-described anticorrosion treatment such as resin coating and glass lining, and then reused. However, there is a problem that it is more difficult to perform the anticorrosion treatment on the inner surface of the heat transfer tube 3 provided between the tube plates 2 and 2 than that of the heat transfer tube 3 before assembly. Then, the corroded heat transfer tube 3 is removed,
It is conceivable to replace the heat transfer tube 3 with a new one. However, as described above, the heat transfer tubes 3, 3,... Are fixed to the tube plates 2, 2 on both sides by welding or expansion, and the replacement is practically impossible. Met.

Therefore, generally, the heat transfer tube 3 where the corrosion has occurred
In order to prevent the reaction gas from flowing into the inside of the heat transfer tube 3 by closing the openings to the outside of the tube plates 2 and 2 by appropriate means, a measure is taken. As a result, the performance of the capacitor as a whole decreases as the number of countermeasures increases.

On the other hand, the scale adheres to the inner and outer surfaces of the heat transfer tubes 3, 3,... Provided between the tube sheets 2, 2, as the operation is continued for a long period of time, leading to a decrease in thermal conductivity. Due to the danger, it is necessary to periodically remove the scale to maintain desired operating performance. However,
The scale attached to the inner surfaces of the heat transfer tubes 3, 3... Can be removed satisfactorily by direct means such as flowing a jet jet into each of the heat transfer tubes 3, 3,. Removal of the scale attached to the outer surfaces of the heat transfer tubes 3, 3,... There was a problem.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and it is possible to reliably fix a heat transfer tube to tube plates on both sides of a main body regardless of the material, and to have excellent corrosion resistance. By using heat transfer tubes made of materials, good corrosion resistance can be maintained over a long period of time, and when corrosion occurs, it can be easily replaced with a new heat transfer tube. It is an object of the present invention to provide a multitubular condenser capable of easily removing adhering scale and capable of performing a condensing operation on corrosive gas stably for a long period of time.

[0016]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A multi-tube condenser according to the present invention has a cylindrical main body, a tube sheet for closing both side openings of the main body, and a flange connected to these peripheral edges. A mirror plate that covers the outside of both tube sheets, and a heat transfer tube that is inserted and supported in each of a plurality of support holes formed to penetrate the corresponding positions of the two tube sheets and that is installed inside the body of the body. The reaction gas is introduced into the inside of the head plate and passes through the inside of each heat transfer tube and is led out to the inside of the other end plate, and the cooling fluid is introduced inside the main body and comes into contact with the outside of each heat transfer tube. In a multi-tube condenser configured to condense the reaction gas by performing heat exchange in between, the tube is placed on both sides of the main body body on the same side of the tube plate, and is clamped and fixed between the end plate and the end plate. A seal plate having a through hole corresponding to each of the support holes; Between the heat transfer tubes and the tube plate. The heat transfer tubes are wound around the support holes and the peripheries of the through holes with the pressure applied by the end plates to seal the outer circumference of each heat transfer tube separately. And a seal ring for retaining and fixing the heat transfer tube.

In the present invention, a seal plate having a through hole corresponding to a support hole of a heat transfer tube formed in the tube plate is interposed between the tube plate and the end plate which are mutually flanged on both sides of the main body. At least, when the seal plate overlaps the tube plate due to flange connection of the end plate, the seal ring wound around the outer periphery of each heat transfer tube elastically contacts the periphery of the through hole and the support hole through which the heat transfer tube is inserted. And acts to prevent and fix each heat transfer tube. This fixation is released by releasing the flange connection of the end plates on both sides, removing them together with the seal plate on each side, and loosening the deformation of the seal ring, and in this state, each heat transfer tube moves to the outside of one tube plate Can be easily removed by pulling it out, and a new heat transfer tube can be attached by the reverse procedure.
This makes it possible to easily replace the corroded heat transfer tube, and to remove the internal and external scales from each of the removed heat transfer tubes.

Still further, a glass tube is used as the heat transfer tube.

In the present invention, the fixing of the heat transfer tube described above can be realized irrespective of the material of the heat transfer tube, and is performed through the seal ring. Therefore, the heat transfer tube is a brittle material and is difficult to handle. On the other hand, a heat transfer tube is formed of a glass tube having high thermal conductivity and good corrosion resistance to various reaction gases, and realizes stable condensation for a corrosive reaction gas for a long time.

[0020]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings showing the embodiments. FIG. 1 is a side sectional view schematically showing the configuration of a multi-tube capacitor according to the present invention.

The multi-tube condenser according to the present invention, like the conventional multi-tube condenser shown in FIG. 4, has a cylindrical main body 1 and tube sheets 2 and 2 for closing the openings on both sides thereof.
And both ends are supported by these tube sheets 2 and 2,
, And a plurality of end plates 4, 4 which are flange-connected to the periphery of the tube plates 2, 2 to cover the outside thereof. A characteristic of the multi-tube condenser according to the present invention is that seal plates 5 and 5 which are sandwiched and fixed between respective end plates 4 and 4 are provided outside the tube plates 2 and 2 on both sides of the main body 1. However, these seal plates 5, 5
Are connected to the heat transfer tubes 3, 3 together with the respective tube sheets 2, 2 on the same side.
... are supported.

The tube sheets 2 and 2 are discs attached to the periphery of the end of the main body 1 by means of full-circumferential welding. The connecting flanges 2a, 2a for the connection are formed. End plate 4,
Reference numeral 4 denotes a short cylindrical member having a bottom, and connecting flanges 4a, 4a having substantially the same diameter as the connecting flanges 2a, 2a on the tube plates 2, 2 are provided around the respective opening sides. I have.

The sealing plates 5 and 5 are discs having substantially the same diameter as the tube plates 2 and 2 and are aligned with the outer sides of the corresponding tube plates 2 and 2 and the mirror plates 4 laminated on the periphery thereof. Four connecting flanges
4a, 4a are attached to the connecting flanges 2a, 2a,. ing.

A cooling fluid introduction pipe 10 is mounted on one peripheral wall of the main body 1 in the axial direction so as to communicate with the inside thereof. At a position facing the pipe 10 in the circumferential direction, a discharge pipe 11 for the cooling fluid is provided.
Are attached in such a manner as to communicate with the inside. The cooling fluid (generally, cooling water) passes through the inlet pipe 10 and passes through the main body 1.
., And flows to the other side while contacting the outer peripheral surfaces of the heat transfer tubes 3, 3.
Is discharged to the outside.

A reaction gas introduction pipe 40 to be condensed is connected to the outer peripheral wall of the end plate 4 outside the tube plate 2 on one side, and the condensed fluid of the condensed fluid is connected to the peripheral wall of the end plate 4 on the other side. An outlet pipe 41 is provided continuously. The reaction gas is introduced into the inside of the end plate 4 on one side through the introduction tube 40, and then flows into the inside of the heat transfer tubes 3, 3,. During the flow, the condensate is exchanged by heat exchange with the cooling fluid that comes into contact with the respective outer peripheral surfaces as described above, and is condensed into a liquefied gas, and is conveyed to the other side.
Is taken out to the outside.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view showing details of the supporting portions of the heat transfer tubes 3, 3,. In these figures, the support form of the heat transfer tubes 3 on the tube plate 2 and the seal plate 5 attached to one side of the main body 1 is shown, but the support of the other heat transfer tubes 3, 3. , And the other side of the tube sheet 2 and the sealing plate 5
Are supported in exactly the same manner.

The tube plate 2 is formed with support holes 20, 20,... For supporting the heat transfer tubes 3, 3,..., Respectively, and the seal plate 5 is formed with the support holes 20, 20,. The through holes 50 are formed at the matching positions. As shown in FIG. 2, each heat transfer tube 3 is inserted into the corresponding support hole 20 and through hole 50 with its respective end protruding outside the seal plate 5 for an appropriate length. A seal ring 6 is wound around the outside of the heat transfer tube 3, and the seal ring 6 is deformed by the pressure between the opposing surfaces of the two plates 2 and 5, and is deformed by the support hole 20 and the through hole 50. Respectively, and acts to seal the outer periphery of the heat transfer tube 3, and applies a frictional force to the outer periphery of the heat transfer tube 3 to restrain the movement in the axial direction, thereby preventing the heat transfer tube 3 from coming off. Has the effect of doing.

That is, in the present invention, the heat transfer tubes 3 are wound around the respective outer circumferences, and the periphery of the support hole 20 of the tube sheet 2 and the seal plate 5 are sealed.
The seal ring 6 elastically contacts the periphery of the through hole 50 of
The main body 1 is fixed so as to prevent the inside and outside of the main body 1 from being removed.
5 can be collectively realized for all the heat transfer tubes 3, 3,... By clamping and fixing between the tube plates 2, 2 and the end plates 4, 4, as described above.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a procedure for realizing the support structure of the heat transfer tube 3 shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 3A, the heat transfer tube 3 is inserted into the support hole 20 of the tube sheet 2 with its tip protruding an appropriate length, and the protruding end of the heat transfer tube 3 to the outside of the support hole 20. The seal ring 6 is fitted on the outer periphery of the. Next, as shown in FIG. 3B, the sealing plate 5 aligned with the outside of the tube sheet 2 is placed on the outside of the tube sheet 2 while the through holes 50 formed in the sealing plate 5 are fitted into the projecting portions of the heat transfer tubes 3. , Support holes 20 and through holes
The seal ring 6 is squashed between the perimeters of 50, thereby obtaining the support structure shown in FIG.

The support hole 20 of the tube sheet 2 and the through hole 50 of the seal plate 5
Are provided with chamfered portions 21 and 51 by diagonally cutting off the peripheral edges on the opposite sides as shown in the figure.
When the sealing plate 5 and the sealing plate 5 are overlapped, a sealing space having a triangular cross section is formed between the sealing plate 5 and the outer periphery of the heat transfer tube 3. As a result, the seal ring 6 is stably deformed between the surfaces of the sealing space, and is tightly and elastically contacted with each surface as shown in FIG. .

The fixing of the heat transfer tubes 3, 3,... As described above can be realized irrespective of the material of the heat transfer tubes 3, 3,. It is. Since the heat transfer tubes 3, 3,... Are fixed by friction with the seal ring 6, which is rich in elasticity, the heat transfer tubes 3, 3,. A glass tube having excellent corrosion resistance can be used. Glass is a material having a thermal conductivity close to that of metal. By using glass tubes as the heat transfer tubes 3, 3,..., A multi-tube capacitor that can be used stably for a long time without fear of corrosion is provided. Can be provided. As in the conventional case, it is also possible to use metal tubes subjected to anticorrosion treatment such as resin coating and glass lining as the heat transfer tubes 3.

The heat transfer tube 3 to the support hole 20 and the through hole 50
Are securely sealed by the seal ring 6 elastically contacting them as described above, so that there is no possibility that the reaction gas inside the end plates 4 and 4 and the cooling water inside the main body 1 come into contact with each other. The above-described condensation operation is reliably performed. Since the seal ring 6 comes into contact with the reaction gas inside the end plates 4 and 4, it is preferable that the seal ring 6 be made of a corrosion-resistant material such as a fluorine resin.

The seal ring 6 is not limited to an O-ring as shown in the figure, but may use another type of seal ring such as a U-ring. Further, in the above-described embodiment, in order to obtain a good elastic contact state of the seal ring 6, a chamfered portion is formed on the periphery of the support hole 20 and the seal plate 5.
Although 21 and 51 are provided, a configuration may be adopted in which a groove is provided on one or both of the peripheral edges, and the seal ring 6 is elastically contacted in the groove.

In the multi-tube condenser, as described above, it is necessary to periodically inspect the corrosion state of the heat transfer tubes 3, 3,..., And to maintain the desired operation performance, the heat transfer tubes 3, 3,. It is necessary to remove the scale adhering inside and outside the inside.

In the multi-tube condenser of the present invention having the above-described structure for supporting the heat transfer tubes 3, 3, the sealing plates 5, 5 are removed together with the end plates 4, 4 on both sides so that the heat transfer tubes 3, 3,. Seal rings 6,6 ...
Of the heat transfer tubes 3, 3 ...
Can be easily removed by pulling out the tube sheets 2 and 2 to the outside. Therefore, the inspection for the presence or absence of corrosion and the countermeasures for the corroded heat transfer tubes 3 can be carried out for each of the removed heat transfer tubes 3, 3,..., And replacement with new heat transfer tubes 3, 3,. In addition, the labor required for the inspection can be significantly reduced, and reliable measures can be taken. When removing the scale, a direct removal method such as spraying of a jet jet can be performed on each of the inner and outer surfaces of the heat transfer tubes 3, 3,... Removed as described above, and reliable scale removal can be performed.

[0036]

As described above in detail, in the multi-tubular condenser according to the present invention, the sealing plate is placed on the outside of the tube plate attached to both sides of the main body by pressing between the tube plate and the end plate. Since the heat transfer tube inserted through the through hole formed in the seal plate and the support hole formed in the tube plate was wound around the outside thereof and fixed by a seal ring which elastically contacts the peripheral edges of both holes, it was fixed. This is ensured regardless of the material of the heat transfer tube, and the sealing on both sides of the tube sheet is ensured, making it possible to use a heat transfer tube made of a material with excellent corrosion resistance, The condensed reaction gas can be stably performed over a long period of time.

The heat transfer tube fixed as described above can be removed by removing the seal plate together with the head plate and releasing the elastic contact of the seal ring, and can be attached in the reverse order. The scale can be easily and reliably removed from each of the removed heat transfer tubes.

Further, as the heat transfer tube, a glass tube which is a brittle material and which is difficult to handle while having high thermal conductivity and good corrosion resistance to various reaction gases can be used as the heat transfer tube. Condensation of corrosive reaction gas can be performed stably for a long time, etc.
The present invention has excellent effects.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view schematically showing a configuration of a multi-tube capacitor according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing details of a support portion of a heat transfer tube in the multi-tube condenser according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of a procedure for realizing the heat transfer tube support structure shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a side sectional view schematically showing a configuration of a conventional multi-tube condenser.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view showing details of a support portion of a heat transfer tube in a conventional multi-tube condenser.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Main body 2 Tube plate 3 Heat transfer tube 4 End plate 5 Seal plate 6 Seal ring 20 Support hole 50 Through hole

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A main body having a cylindrical shape, a tube plate for closing both side openings of the main body, a mirror plate which is flanged to a peripheral edge thereof and respectively covers the outside of the two tube plates, and both tubes. A heat transfer tube inserted and supported in each of a plurality of support holes formed through the plate at corresponding positions of the plate, and a heat transfer tube erected inside the body of the main body.The heat transfer tube is introduced inside one end plate and passes through the inside of each heat transfer tube. Heat exchange is performed between a reaction gas led out inside the other end plate and a cooling fluid introduced inside the main body body and coming into contact with the outside of each heat transfer tube, thereby causing the reaction gas to flow out. In a multi-tubular condenser having a condensing structure, a through-hole corresponding to each of the support holes is formed on both sides of the main body in such a manner as to be overlapped on the tube plate on the same side and clamped between the end plates. Sealed plate, wound around the outside of each heat transfer tube between the seal plate and the tube sheet, A seal ring is provided for elastically contacting the periphery of the support hole and the through-hole with the pressurization by the end plate, sealing the outer periphery of each heat transfer tube separately, and fixing the heat transfer tube to prevent it from coming off. Multi-tube condenser. 2. The multi-tube condenser according to claim 1, wherein a glass tube is used as the heat transfer tube.