JPH11159318A - Device for processing solid material in exhaust gas - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the generation of pitting and corrosion of a turbine blade due to a collision with the soot in the exhaust gas by providing an exhaust gas passage of a combustion engine with a solid material scavenging means formed of multiple tubular bodies having a surface, which contacts with the exhaust gas, made of the porous ceramics. SOLUTION: An upstream side and a downstream side screens 6a, 6b for scavenging the solid material in the exhaust gas are provided in an outlet side of an exhaust gas branch pipe 5 of each cylinder, and a solid material scavenging means 1 is interposed between these exhaust screens 6a, 6b. This solid material scavenging means 1 is formed by standing multiple ceramics tubes 30 in parallel with each other in a housing 1c. Each ceramics tube 30 is arranged with a constant space so that an exhaust gas passage 12 for passing the exhaust gas 2 is formed between them. With this structure, the exhaust gas contacts with the porous ceramics of the ceramics tube 30 while flowing zigzag in the exhaust gas passage 12, and the soot 9 in the exhaust gas 2 is retained by the surface of the porous ceramics.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a solid processing apparatus for capturing soot (solid carbonaceous matter) in exhaust gas from a combustion engine such as an engine (internal combustion engine) or a boiler, and incinerating and processing the soot.

[0002]

In an engine equipped with an exhaust turbocharger, an exhaust gas passage extending from each cylinder of the engine body to the exhaust turbocharger via an exhaust gas branch pipe and an exhaust collecting pipe is provided during engine operation. In order to prevent a cut piece such as a piston ring from entering the exhaust turbine of the exhaust turbocharger and causing damage to the turbine blade, etc., solid matter such as a cut piece that is applied to the exhaust gas passage on the exhaust turbine inlet side is removed. An exhaust screen is provided for catching.

[0003] The trapping of broken pieces of the piston ring or the like by the exhaust screen can reliably prevent relatively large solids from entering the exhaust turbocharger. However, the particle size is extremely small, that is, the powder is almost powdery. Soot (solid carbonaceous or soot) is difficult to capture with such an exhaust screen. For this reason, in such a conventional engine with an exhaust turbocharger, a so-called soot attack occurs in which the soot rushes into the exhaust turbocharger and collides with the turbine blade, thereby causing pitching of the turbine blade and carbonaceous material of the soot. In many cases, corrosion occurred.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the problems of the prior art, the present invention suppresses the emission of harmful dust containing soot by reliably removing soot (solid carbonaceous matter) in exhaust gas, and provides an engine with an exhaust turbocharger. An object of the present invention is to provide a device for treating solid matter in exhaust gas, which can prevent pitching and corrosion of soot from colliding with a turbine blade.

[0005]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided, as a first aspect, at least an exhaust gas passage through which an exhaust gas from a combustion engine such as an engine or a boiler flows. The present invention proposes an apparatus for treating solids in exhaust gas, wherein solids collecting means comprising a large number of tubular bodies whose surfaces are formed of porous ceramics is provided.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the solid collecting means is provided for each exhaust gas branch pipe of an engine having an exhaust turbocharger.

According to this invention, while the exhaust gas introduced into the solid collecting means flows zigzag between a number of ceramic pipes in the collecting means, the outer periphery of the porous ceramics constituting the ceramic pipe is formed. And the soot (solid carbonaceous material) in the exhaust gas adheres to the surface of the porous ceramic and is captured. In the solid collecting means, the heat radiation characteristics of the porous ceramics and the extension of the residence time caused by the exhaust gas flowing in a zigzag manner promote the heat containment of the exhaust gas, thereby increasing the temperature thereof. The soot attached to the outer periphery of the porous ceramic is incinerated and removed by the high temperature.

As described above, since the soot in the exhaust gas is captured and incinerated in the solid collecting means, the amount of soot discharged in the exhaust gas is significantly reduced as compared with the prior art. Further, if the present invention is applied to an engine with an exhaust turbocharger, it is possible to prevent occurrence of pitching and corrosion due to soot collision with a turbine blade of the exhaust turbocharger.

In this invention, preferably, exhaust screens are provided upstream and downstream of the solid collecting means. With this configuration, the solid matter coming from the engine side is captured by the exhaust screen on the upstream side, thereby preventing the solid matter from colliding with the porous ceramics and damaging them. . Further, when the porous ceramic is damaged in the exhaust screen on the downstream side, the porous ceramic is captured to prevent damage such as damage to downstream equipment such as an exhaust turbocharger.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the components described in this embodiment are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention unless otherwise specified, and are merely illustrative examples. Only.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a main part of a diesel engine with an exhaust turbocharger according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of the solid material collecting means, FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of the ceramic tube, (A) is an overall perspective view, and (B) is a structural diagram of the ceramic tube (Z portion of (A)). In FIG. 1, 100
Is an engine (diesel engine). Reference numeral 5 denotes an exhaust gas branch pipe connected to an exhaust port of each cylinder (not shown) of the engine 100, and is provided in each cylinder. Reference numeral 8 denotes an exhaust turbocharger driven by exhaust gas from the engine 100, and reference numeral 7 denotes an exhaust manifold.

Reference numerals 6a and 6b denote upstream and downstream exhaust screens for collecting relatively large solids such as piston ring fragments in the exhaust gas, which are provided at the outlet side of the exhaust gas branch pipe 5 of each cylinder. Between the upstream exhaust screen 6a and the downstream exhaust screen 6b, a solid collecting means 1 described later is interposed. Therefore, the exhaust port of each cylinder is connected to the exhaust manifold 7 by the exhaust gas branch pipe 5, the exhaust screens 6a and 6b, and the solid collecting means 1.
An outlet of the exhaust manifold 7 is connected to an exhaust turbine (not shown) inlet of the exhaust turbocharger 8.

2 and 3, the solid collecting means 1 has an inlet flange 1a on a cylindrical housing 1c side.
And an outlet flange 1b, and a large number of ceramic tubes 30 are erected inside the housing 1c in parallel with each other. The ceramic pipes 30 are arranged at regular intervals so as to form an exhaust gas passage 12 through which the exhaust gas 2 flows. As shown in FIG. They are preferably arranged in a zigzag pattern so as to flow in a zigzag manner.

The ceramic tube 30 is shown in FIG.
As shown in (B), a porous ceramic 3 is wound around an outer periphery of a support tube 4 made of a metal tube (steel tube, copper tube, etc.), and both ends of the support tube 4 are fixed to the housing 1c. I have. Thus, the compressive load is supported by the support tube 4, and the porous ceramics 3 is supported without any compressive load.

During operation of a diesel engine equipped with an exhaust turbocharger equipped with such a solid processing device, exhaust gas 2 from each cylinder of engine 100
After passing through the exhaust gas branch pipe 5, it passes through the upstream exhaust screen 6a of the pair of exhaust screens, where relatively large solids such as piston ring cut pieces are captured.

Due to the action of capturing large solids by the upstream exhaust screen 6a, the solids are mixed into the exhaust gas 2 flowing into the solids collecting means 1 and collide with the porous ceramics 3 as described later. Damage can be prevented.

The exhaust gas 2 having passed through the upstream exhaust screen 6a enters the solid collecting means 1 and, as shown in FIG. 2, flows through the exhaust gas passage 12 between the ceramic pipes 30 in a zigzag manner. The soot (solid carbonaceous material) 9 in the exhaust gas 2 is captured by contacting the porous ceramics 3 of the tube 30 by adhering to the surface of the porous ceramics 3.

When the exhaust gas 2 passes through the solid collecting means 1, the exhaust gas 2 is in a state where heat is confined due to the heat radiation characteristics of the porous ceramics 3. Further, as described above, since the exhaust gas 2 flows between the ceramic pipes 30 in a zigzag manner, the residence time of the exhaust gas 2 in the solid matter collecting means 1 is increased, and the heat containment of the exhaust gas 2 is promoted. . The temperature of the exhaust gas in the solid collecting means 1 rises due to the heat containment effect, and the soot (solid carbonaceous material) 9 attached to the surface of the porous ceramics 3 is incinerated by the high-temperature exhaust gas 2.

As described above, when the temperature of the exhaust gas 2 rises in the solid collecting means 1, the exhaust gas energy increases, the driving power of the exhaust turbocharger 8 increases, and the engine output increases. When a denitration catalyst (not shown) is disposed downstream of the exhaust turbocharger 8, the reaction of the catalyst is promoted.

Further, the exhaust gas 2 flows through the downstream exhaust screen 6b, and if a relatively large solid such as the broken pieces of the porous ceramics 3 remains, it is captured by the downstream exhaust screen 6b. After that, it is led to the exhaust turbocharger 8. The soot 9 is collected and incinerated as described above in the solids collecting means 1 and is reliably removed in the solids collecting means 1, and large solids are removed by the pair of exhaust screens 6a and 6b. Since the exhaust gas is trapped and becomes an exhaust gas with no solid matter mixed therein, the exhaust gas is guided to the exhaust turbocharger 8, so that the soot collides with the turbine blade of the turbocharger 8 to cause pitching and corrosion of the blade. Is gone.

[0021]

As described above, according to the present invention, exhaust gas is caused to flow between a large number of ceramic pipes made of porous ceramics in the solid collecting means while being in contact with the porous ceramics. In addition, soot (solid carbonaceous matter) in the exhaust gas adheres to the porous ceramics, and the soot that has adhered can be incinerated and removed by a rise in temperature due to the heat confinement effect of a large number of porous ceramics.

In this way, the soot in the exhaust gas is trapped and incinerated in the solid collecting means, so that the amount of soot in the exhaust gas can be greatly reduced as compared with the prior art. . Further, if the present invention is applied to an engine with an exhaust turbocharger, it is possible to prevent occurrence of pitching and corrosion due to soot collision with turbine blades of the exhaust turbocharger.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a main part configuration diagram of a diesel engine with an exhaust turbocharger according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a solid collecting means in the embodiment.

3A and 3B are configuration diagrams of a ceramic tube according to the embodiment, wherein FIG. 3A is an overall perspective view and FIG. 3B is a structural diagram of the ceramic tube.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Solid collecting means 2 Exhaust gas 3 Porous ceramics 4 Support pipe 5 Exhaust gas branch pipe 6a Upstream exhaust screen 6b Downstream exhaust screen 7 Exhaust collecting pipe 8 Exhaust turbocharger 9 Soot (solid carbonaceous material) 30 Ceramic pipe 100 engine

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An exhaust gas passage through which exhaust gas from a combustion engine such as an engine or a boiler flows. A device for treating solid matter in exhaust gas, comprising a collecting means. 2. The apparatus for treating solids in exhaust gas according to claim 1, wherein said solids collecting means is provided for each exhaust gas pipe of an engine equipped with an exhaust turbocharger.