JPH11154532A - Electric double layer type storage battery, electric double layer type integrated storage battery and electrode thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To generate numerous ions using activated carbon for an electrode and store voltage in a stable state as much as applied a in dielectric substance constantly by the action of an electric double layer. SOLUTION: In a storage battery of a type composed by placing a positive electrode 2 and a negative electrode 3 in a container 1 separately and immersing the positive electrode 2 and the negative electrode 3 in a dielectric substance 4, this is an electric double layer-type integrated storage battery that is composed by forming multiple electric double layer-type storage batteries characterized by generating numerous negative ions from the positive electrode 2 through an ultra-thin film layer 14 and numerous positive ions from the negative electrode 3 through an ultra-thin film layer 14 by using activated carbon for the electrodes and applying voltage to the electrodes so that voltage in a stable state as much as applied is stored in the dielectric substance 4 constantly by this electric double layer, connecting each electrode of the electric double layer-type storage batteries with a power supply through a voltage applying circuit in parallel, and connecting each discharging circuit of the electric double layer- type storage batteries with one another in series.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for generating a large number of ionic electrons by using activated carbon for an electrode, so that a voltage applied only by the action of an electric double layer is stably stored in a dielectric material in a stable state. And an electric double-layer storage battery.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, storage batteries include lead storage batteries and alkaline storage batteries. These batteries store electric energy as chemical energy in the battery by charging, generate electromotive force, and use this as a battery. Is
In this method, the chemical energy in the battery is discharged as electric energy.

[0003]

In the conventional charging method, the life of the storage battery becomes a problem, for example, it is affected by temperature or deteriorates by a chemical reaction. Further, the conventional storage battery has a technical problem that it is difficult to reduce its size. The present invention has been made to solve these conventional technical problems.

The present inventor has proposed that when activated carbon is used for an electrode and a voltage is applied, a large number of ion electrons are generated, and an electric double layer that forms an ultra-thin layer of about 1 micron between each electrode and the ion electrons. It has been found that the voltage applied only by the action is stably stored in the dielectric substance in a stable state, and that the chemical reaction hardly occurs. The present inventor has realized a small-sized, high-quality storage battery using this knowledge.

[0005]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, an anode and a cathode are separately provided in a container, and the anode and the cathode are immersed in a dielectric material. Using activated carbon, a voltage is applied to the electrode from a power source to generate anion electrons through the ultra-thin film layer on the anode, and a large number of cation electrons through the ultra-thin film layer on the cathode. An electric double layer type storage battery characterized in that a voltage applied only by the action of the electric double layer is stably stored in the dielectric material in a stable state.

This is a basic invention of an electric double layer type storage battery. By using activated carbon for the electrode, when a maximum voltage of 2.3 V is applied from the power supply to the electrode, electrolysis occurs between the electrode and the dielectric substance, and an electric thin layer of about 1 micron is formed. A phenomenon occurs. Utilizing the action of the electric double layer, the applied voltage is constantly accumulated in a stable state, and no chemical decomposition occurs around the electrodes, so that it functions as a high-quality storage battery.

[0007] A second invention to be patented is a storage battery in which an anode and a cathode are arranged in a container at a distance from each other, and the anode and the cathode are immersed in a dielectric material. Then, by applying a voltage to the electrodes, anions are generated on the anode through the ultra-thin film layer,
An electric double layer storage battery in which a large number of cation electrons are generated on the cathode through an ultra-thin film layer, and the voltage applied only by the action of the electric double layer is stably stored in the dielectric material in a stable state. A plurality of electric double layer storage batteries are prepared, and the electrodes (anode and cathode) of each electric double layer storage battery are connected in parallel with a power supply to form a voltage application circuit, and a predetermined low voltage is applied to each electric double layer storage battery via the voltage application circuit. The electric double layer type storage battery is an electric double layer type integrated storage battery characterized in that each of the electric double layer type storage batteries is connected in series by a discharging circuit so that a high voltage can be used for discharging.

In the second invention, a plurality of electric double-layer storage batteries of the first invention are integrated and connected. The electric double layer type storage battery of the first invention requires an applied voltage of 2.3 V at maximum, but if this is connected in series, a necessary high voltage can be obtained. Therefore, when a voltage is applied to a plurality of electric double-layered storage batteries, they are connected in parallel with a power supply via a pressure application circuit so that the applied voltage does not exceed 2.3 V. , Each electric double layer type storage battery is connected in series so that a high voltage can be discharged.

A third invention which is to be patented is an electric double layer type wherein an electrode sheet having a structure in which activated carbon is sandwiched between an aluminum foil and insulating paper is wound and laminated. Electrodes (anode and cathode) for storage batteries.

[0010] The third invention is an electrode (anode and cathode) for an electric double layer storage battery used in the first invention and the second invention. The reason why the electrode sheet is wound and formed into a laminated shape is to cause a large number of ion electrons to be generated uniformly when applied.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on illustrated embodiments. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional explanatory view showing a configuration of an electric double-layer storage battery according to a first invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional explanatory view showing a configuration of an electric double-layer integrated storage battery according to a second invention.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory cross-sectional view of an activated carbon atom used for an electrode, and FIG.
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the structure of an electrode sheet which is a basic structure for forming an electrode. FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of the third invention formed using an electrode sheet.

FIG. 1 shows the configuration of an electric double layer storage battery according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a container for the storage battery. In the container 1, an anode 2 and a cathode 3 are provided. The anode and the cathode are disposed at an appropriate distance from each other and the dielectric material 4
A storage battery with a structure immersed in the battery. And anode 2 and cathode 3
Such electrodes are made of those using activated carbon 5.
In the drawing, reference numeral 6 denotes a power supply for an applied voltage, and reference numeral 7 denotes a discharge wiring path that can use the stored charge.

The particles of the activated carbon 5 have a very complicated uneven shape as shown in FIG. 3 and have a very large surface area. Therefore, when this is used for an electrode, a large number of ion electrons can be generated with a small electrode. Occur. As shown in FIG. 4, the activated carbon 5 is used as an electrode in an electrode sheet 10 having a structure in which the activated carbon 5 is sandwiched between an aluminum foil 8 and insulating paper 9. When forming
As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the electrode sheet 10 is wound in multiple layers to form a laminated cylindrical electrode 11 or plate electrode 12.
I made it. As a result, since the activated carbon 5 having a very large surface area is formed in a multi-layered configuration, in the case of the columnar electrode 11 or the plate electrode 12, a large number of ion electrons can be generated with a small electrode. I can do it.

When charging the electric double layer storage battery 13 of the present invention, a voltage of up to 2.3 V is applied from the power supply 6 to the anode 2 and the cathode 3 via a voltage application circuit. Then, negative ion electrons (-) are generated on the surface of the anode (+) 2,
Cathode electrons (+) are generated at the cathode (-) 3. An ultra-thin layer 14 of about 1 micron is formed between the generated ion electrons and the electrodes (anode 2 and cathode 3). This ultra-thin layer 14 is an electric double layer and is very stable.
Due to the characteristics of this electric double layer, the electrodes (anode 2 and cathode 3)
When a voltage is applied to, only the applied voltage is stored in a stable state. When the ultra-thin film layer 14 is formed, the anion electrons and cation electrons are stabilized, a state in which a chemical reaction cannot be performed occurs, and no chemical decomposition occurs around the electrodes (the anode 2 and the cathode 3). Therefore, the electric double-layer storage battery 13 is a high-quality, long-life storage battery.

Next, FIG. 2 shows an electric double-layer storage battery 13,
13,... Are integrated and connected in plural. In the figure, reference numeral 15 denotes an outer container, in which a plurality of electric double-layer storage batteries 13, 13, ... are stored. In the electric double layer type integrated storage battery, an anode 2 and a cathode 3 are disposed in a container 1 as shown in FIG.
The battery is immersed in a battery, and the activated carbon 5 is used for the electrode. When a voltage is applied to the electrodes from the power source 6 via the voltage application circuit 17, anion electrons are generated on the anode 2 via the ultra thin film layer 14, and cation electrons are generated on the cathode 3 via the ultra thin film layer 14. A large number of voltages are generated, and only a voltage applied by the action of the electric double layer is stored in the dielectric material 4 in a stable state.

In the case of the embodiment of the electric double-layer integrated storage battery according to the second invention, a plurality of electric double-layer storage batteries 1 are provided.
The feature is that 3, 13, ... are integrated and connected. This is because the electric double-layer storage battery 13 has a characteristic that only a maximum of 2.3 V can be applied. That is, in the electric double layer type integrated storage battery of the present invention, when a voltage is uniformly applied to a plurality of electric double layer type storage batteries 13, 13,... For charging, the voltage application circuit 17 is connected in parallel to the power supply. It is configured so that the applied voltage does not exceed 2.3V. Further, in the case of using discharge from the electric double layer type integrated storage battery of the present application, the discharging circuit 16 is connected to each of the electric double layer type storage batteries 13, 13, 13, so that a desired high voltage is obtained.
Are connected in series. In order to put this into practical use, it is desirable to configure a constant supply switching circuit based on a stabilized power supply.

[0017]

The electric double-layer storage battery according to the first invention uses activated carbon for an electrode having a large surface area, and generates a large number of ion electrons through an ultra-thin layer on the electrode surface by applying a voltage from a power source to the electrode. And by the action of the electric double layer,
Since a constant voltage is stored in a stable state and no chemical decomposition occurs around the electrodes, a high-quality and long-life storage battery is obtained.

The electric double layer integrated storage battery according to the second aspect of the present invention collects a large number of electric double layer storage batteries, configures the electric double layer storage batteries in parallel connection via a voltage application circuit, and stores In addition to applying an appropriate small voltage, the discharging circuit connects the electric double layer storage batteries in series so that a desired high voltage can be obtained. As a result, practical use has progressed, and as a storage battery for power backup of electronic devices such as computers,
In addition, it can be applied to a wide range of fields such as a storage battery of a solar cell.

In addition, the electric double-layer storage battery according to the first invention and the electric double-layer integrated storage battery according to the second invention have a small volume as compared with the conventional storage battery because the electrodes are sufficient even if the electrodes are small. It is practical because it can.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory sectional view showing a configuration of an electric double layer storage battery according to a first invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory sectional view showing a configuration of an electric double layer integrated storage battery according to a second invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory sectional view of an activated carbon atom used in the electrode of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory longitudinal sectional view showing a structure of an electrode sheet which is a basic structure for forming an electrode.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of the third invention formed using an electrode sheet.

[Description of sign]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Container 2 ... Anode 3 ... Cathode 4 ... Dielectric substance 5 ... Activated carbon 6 ... Power supply 7 ... Discharge wiring 8 ... Aluminum foil 9 ... Insulating paper 10 ... Electrode sheet body 11 ... Cylindrical electrode 12 ... Plate electrode 13 ... Electric double layer type storage battery 14 ... Ultra thin layer 15 ... Outer container 16 ... Discharge circuit 17 ... Voltage application circuit

[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] March 3, 1998

[Procedure amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] Brief description of drawings

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory sectional view showing a configuration of an electric double layer storage battery according to a first invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory sectional view showing a configuration of an electric double layer storage battery according to a second invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory sectional view of an activated carbon atom used in the electrode of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory longitudinal sectional view showing a structure of an electrode sheet which is a basic structure for forming an electrode.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of the third invention formed using an electrode sheet.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing another embodiment of the third invention formed using an electrode sheet.

[Description of Signs] 1 Container 2 Anode 3 Cathode 4 Dielectric substance 5 Activated carbon 6 Power supply 7 Discharge wiring 8 Aluminum foil 9 Insulating paper 10 Electrode sheet body 11 Cylindrical electrode 12 Plate electrode 13 Electric double layer storage battery 14 Ultra thin film Layer 15 Outer container 16 Discharge circuit 17 Voltage application circuit

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A storage battery having an anode and a cathode separated from each other in a container and immersing the anode and the cathode in a dielectric material, wherein activated carbon is used for the electrodes, and a voltage is applied from the power supply to the electrodes. The anode generates anion electrons through the ultra-thin film layer on the anode, and the cathode generates a large number of cation electrons through the ultra-thin film layer. An electric double-layer storage battery characterized in that the power is constantly stored in a stable state. 2. A storage battery having an anode and a cathode separated from each other in a container and immersing the anode and the cathode in a dielectric material, using activated carbon as an electrode and applying a voltage from a power supply to the electrode. The anode generates anion electrons through the ultra-thin film layer on the anode, and the cathode generates a large number of cation electrons through the ultra-thin film layer. A plurality of electric double-layer storage batteries that can be stored in a stable and constant state are prepared, and the electrodes (anode and cathode) of each electric double-layer storage battery are connected in parallel with a power supply to form a voltage application circuit. A low voltage is applied to the double-layer storage battery through the voltage application circuit to store the power, and each electric double-layer storage battery is connected in series by a discharge circuit so that a high voltage can be used for discharging. Characterized in that Gas double layer integrated storage battery. 3. An electrode (anode and cathode) for an electric double-layer storage battery, wherein an electrode sheet having a structure in which activated carbon is sandwiched between an aluminum foil and insulating paper is wound and laminated. .