JPH11151437A - Production of fine particulates and device therefore - Google Patents
Production of fine particulates and device thereforeInfo
- Publication number
- JPH11151437A JPH11151437A JP22862498A JP22862498A JPH11151437A JP H11151437 A JPH11151437 A JP H11151437A JP 22862498 A JP22862498 A JP 22862498A JP 22862498 A JP22862498 A JP 22862498A JP H11151437 A JPH11151437 A JP H11151437A
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Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、微粒子の製造方法
または装置あるいは水溶液または水懸濁液から微粒子を
析出させる方法および装置、スケール生成用原料を含む
水溶液または水懸濁液からのスケール除去方法と装置に
関する。The present invention relates to a method or an apparatus for producing fine particles, a method and an apparatus for precipitating fine particles from an aqueous solution or an aqueous suspension, and a method for removing scale from an aqueous solution or an aqueous suspension containing a raw material for scale production. And equipment.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来から微粒子の製造方法としては、物
理的に固形物を粉砕し、さらにこの粉砕された固形物を
さらに物理的に粉砕することで、径がミクロンメータ単
位の微粒子を製造していた。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a method for producing fine particles, a solid material is physically crushed, and the crushed solid material is further physically crushed to produce fine particles having a diameter of micrometers. I was
【０００３】また、各種産業分野で、水、水溶液または
水懸濁液を用いる部材または装置において、長い使用期
間の間に前記部材または装置の壁面などにスケールなど
が付着することまたは目詰まりすることで、前記部材ま
たは装置の性能が劣化することは避けられなかった。Further, in a member or an apparatus using water, an aqueous solution or a water suspension in various industrial fields, scale or the like adheres to or clogs a wall or the like of the member or the apparatus during a long use period. Therefore, it was inevitable that the performance of the member or the device was deteriorated.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、前記物理的処
理法は各種プラントの配管などの内部に処理設備を取り
付けるインラインタイプであり、これらの装置を取付る
時の費用や維持に多大の出費がかかり、また、その処理
効果にも多くは期待できないことが多かった。However, the above-mentioned physical treatment method is an in-line type in which treatment equipment is installed inside piping or the like of various plants, and a great expense is required for installation and maintenance of these equipments. In many cases, the treatment effect cannot be expected much.
【０００５】そこで、本発明の課題は、簡単な方法で、
かつ低コストで微粒子を製造する方法と装置を提供する
ことである。Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a simple method,
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for producing fine particles at low cost.
【０００６】また、水、水溶液または水懸濁液に接する
部材または当該液を収納する貯留装置において、長い使
用期間の間に前記部材または装置の壁面などに付着した
スケールなどを取り除くためには、定期的に当該部材を
取り出し、または装置の運転を中止して、スケール、目
詰まりなどの除去作業をする必要があり、当該部材の取
り出し、または装置の運転中止により時間的ロスだけで
なく、目的とする作業中止に伴う各種のロスが発生し、
さらに清掃作業のためのコストなどが必要であった。Further, in a member that comes into contact with water, an aqueous solution, or a water suspension or a storage device that stores the liquid, in order to remove scale or the like attached to the wall surface of the member or the device during a long use period, It is necessary to periodically remove the member or stop the operation of the device to remove scales, clogging, etc.The removal of the member or the stop of the device causes not only time loss but also the purpose Causes various losses due to the suspension of work,
In addition, costs for cleaning work were required.
【０００７】本発明の課題は、簡単な方法で、かつ低コ
ストでスケールを除去する方法と装置を提供することで
ある。It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and an apparatus for removing scale in a simple manner and at low cost.
【０００８】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の上記微粒子製造
のための課題は次の構成によって解決される。 （１）水溶液または水懸濁液の流路系に設けたコイルに
２０Ｈｚ〜１ＭＨｚの周波数を時間の経過と共に変化さ
せた方形波の交流電流を流して、渦電流と磁場を形成さ
せて、水溶液または水懸濁液中の微粒子生成用原料から
微粒子を生成させる微粒子の製造方法。 （２）コイルに２０Ｈｚ〜１ＭＨｚの帯域で周波数が時
間的に変化する方形波の交流電流を流し、コイル内の電
流により誘起される電磁界により予め水を処理し、当該
処理済みの水を微粒子生成用原料または当該微粒子生成
用原料を含む水溶液または水懸濁液に加えて微粒子を生
成させる微粒子の製造方法。The object of the present invention for producing fine particles is solved by the following constitution. (1) A square wave alternating current having a frequency of 20 Hz to 1 MHz changed with time is passed through a coil provided in a flow path system of an aqueous solution or a water suspension to form an eddy current and a magnetic field. Alternatively, a method for producing fine particles by generating fine particles from a raw material for generating fine particles in an aqueous suspension. (2) A square wave alternating current whose frequency changes with time in a band of 20 Hz to 1 MHz is applied to the coil, water is previously treated by an electromagnetic field induced by the current in the coil, and the treated water is finely divided into fine particles. A method for producing fine particles in which fine particles are generated in addition to a raw material for production or an aqueous solution or aqueous suspension containing the raw material for producing fine particles.
【０００９】（３）水、微粒子生成用原料を含む水溶液
または水懸濁液を流す流路と、２０Ｈｚ〜１ＭＨｚの帯
域で周波数が時間的に変化する方形波の交流電流を流す
前記流路に巻き付けられたコイルと、該コイル内に前記
電流を流すための制御系統を備えた電源装置とを備えた
微粒子の製造装置。本発明のスケール除去のための課題
は次の構成により解決される。 （４）コイルに２０Ｈｚ〜１ＭＨｚの帯域で周波数が時
間的に変化する方形波の交流電流を流し、コイル内の電
流により誘起される電磁界により予め水を処理し、当該
処理済みの水をスケール生成用原料を含む水溶液または
水懸濁液と混合し、当該混合液から析出して前記液に接
する部材または当該液を収納する貯留装置の壁面にスケ
ールが付着することを防止または前記壁面に付着したた
スケールを剥離するスケール除去方法。 （５）水を流す流路と、２０Ｈｚ〜１ＭＨｚの帯域で周
波数が時間的に変化する方形波の交流電流を流す前記流
路に巻き付けられたコイルと、当該コイル内に前記電流
を流すための制御系統を備えた電源装置と、前記流路を
出た電磁界処理水をスケール形成用原料または当該原料
を含む液に接する部材または当該液を収納する貯留装置
へ供給する装置とを備えたスケール除去装置。(3) A flow path for flowing an aqueous solution or an aqueous suspension containing water and a raw material for producing fine particles, and a flow path for flowing a square wave alternating current whose frequency changes with time in a band of 20 Hz to 1 MHz. An apparatus for producing fine particles, comprising: a wound coil; and a power supply device having a control system for flowing the current through the coil. The object of the present invention for removing scale is solved by the following configuration. (4) A square wave alternating current whose frequency changes with time in a band of 20 Hz to 1 MHz is applied to the coil, water is previously treated by an electromagnetic field induced by the current in the coil, and the treated water is scaled. It is mixed with an aqueous solution or aqueous suspension containing a raw material for production, and scale is prevented from adhering to the wall surface of a member that is separated from the liquid mixture and is in contact with the liquid or a storage device that stores the liquid, or adheres to the wall surface. A scale removing method for peeling a dripping scale. (5) A flow path for flowing water, a coil wound around the flow path for passing a square wave alternating current whose frequency changes with time in a band of 20 Hz to 1 MHz, and a flow path for flowing the current in the coil. A scale including a power supply device having a control system and a device for supplying the electromagnetic field treated water flowing out of the flow passage to a raw material for forming a scale or a member in contact with a liquid containing the raw material or a storage device for storing the liquid. Removal device.
【００１０】本発明で言う微粒子とは球形、方形に限ら
ず、その径が、例えば５０μｍ以下の結晶を含む粒子を
言う。また、微粒子状にしたスケールを配管などから流
下しやすくするためには、２０μｍ以下の粒径の結晶を
含む粒子とすることが望ましい。[0010] The fine particles referred to in the present invention are not limited to spherical and square, but include particles containing crystals having a diameter of, for example, 50 µm or less. In addition, in order to make it easier for the finely divided scale to flow down from a pipe or the like, it is preferable to use particles containing crystals having a particle size of 20 μm or less.
【００１１】具体的には、例えば図１のラボテスト用の
装置に示すように液体移送配管１に設けたコイル２に２
０〜１ＭＨｚの帯域で、周波数を時間的に変化させた方
形波の交流電流を流す。前記周波数帯域は電離したイオ
ンの追従性が高い５００〜５０００Ｈｚとすること望ま
しい。More specifically, for example, as shown in the laboratory test apparatus of FIG.
In a band of 0 to 1 MHz, an alternating current of a square wave whose frequency is temporally changed flows. The frequency band is desirably 500 to 5000 Hz, which has a high follow-up property of ionized ions.
【００１２】電源装置３からは上記コイル２に２０〜１
ＭＨｚの間の帯域で、例えば５００、５，０００及び
２，５００Ｈｚなどの周波数で、それぞれ２ｍ秒間、
０．２ｍ秒間、０．４ｍ秒の間、印加する。電流値は液
体移送配管１の配管径、その他の因子により０．０５〜
１０Ａの間の特定の電流を流す。電圧は商用電源の１０
０または２００Ｖが一般的ある。The power supply 3 sends 20 to 1 to the coil 2.
MHz, for example, at frequencies such as 500, 5,000 and 2,500 Hz for 2 ms each,
Apply for 0.2 ms and 0.4 ms. The current value is 0.05 to 0.05 depending on the pipe diameter of the liquid transfer pipe 1 and other factors.
Pass a specific current between 10A. The voltage is 10
0 or 200V is common.
【００１３】また、図１に示す液体移送配管（金属管、
ガラス管、樹脂管など）１内部には図２に示すような渦
電流と磁場が形成される。図２（ａ）に示す時間の経過
と共に高周波から低周波にわたる広範囲の周波数に変化
させた方形の交流電流を配管１内部の上水（水道水）、
水溶液または水懸濁液などに与える。この配管１内の渦
電流の波形モデルを図２（ｂ）に示し、該渦電流により
形成される磁場モデルを図２（ｃ）に示す。Further, a liquid transfer pipe (metal pipe,
An eddy current and a magnetic field as shown in FIG. With the passage of time shown in FIG. 2 (a), a rectangular AC current changed to a wide frequency range from a high frequency to a low frequency is supplied to tap water (tap water) inside the pipe 1.
Give to aqueous solutions or suspensions. FIG. 2B shows a waveform model of the eddy current in the pipe 1, and FIG. 2C shows a magnetic field model formed by the eddy current.
【００１４】本発明の方形の交流電流は、高周波から低
周波にわたる広範囲にランダムに周波数を時間の経過と
共に変化させることが特徴の一つであるが、微粒子の種
類によりその値は異なり、電流値０．１〜１０Ａの範囲
で行う。One of the characteristics of the rectangular alternating current of the present invention is that the frequency is changed with time over a wide range from high frequency to low frequency, and the value varies depending on the type of fine particles. Perform in the range of 0.1 to 10A.
【００１５】本発明によるコイルに２０〜１ＭＨｚの帯
域で、周波数を時間的に変化させた方形波交流電流が水
中（上水、水溶液または水懸濁液）に与える電子エネル
ギー及び磁場により、図３に示すように、水中の塩類の
イオン化を促す。図３では縦軸を導電率比として表して
いるが初期値と比べ増加している。In the coil according to the present invention, in a band of 20 to 1 MHz, a square wave alternating current of which frequency is changed with time changes the electron energy and magnetic field applied to water (tap water, aqueous solution or water suspension). As shown in (1), it promotes ionization of salts in water. In FIG. 3, the vertical axis is represented as the conductivity ratio, but it is larger than the initial value.
【００１６】曲線ａは前記方形波電流の印加を続けると
導電率が増加しており、これは水中塩類がイオン化して
いるか、または溶解性塩類のそのイオン強度を増加して
いるためと考えられる。また前記方形波電流の印加を解
除すると、曲線ｂに示すように導電率が低下している。
曲線ｃは水中に方形波電流の印加をしていない場合の導
電率比に比べて低下している領域があるが、これは、こ
の間に前記水中の塩類のイオン化物質が結晶化して微粒
子となるものと考えられる。The curve a shows that the conductivity increases when the application of the square-wave current is continued, probably because the salts in water are ionized or the ionic strength of the soluble salts is increased. . When the application of the square wave current is released, the conductivity decreases as shown by the curve b.
In the curve c, there is a region where the conductivity ratio is lower than that in the case where the square wave current is not applied to the water. During this period, the ionized substance of the salts in the water crystallizes into fine particles. It is considered something.
【００１７】このように、水中の塩類のイオン強度の増
加及び局部的なイオン濃縮部の形成によって飽和条件及
びその他イオン結合が満たされる場合、結晶という形で
水に対して不溶解性物質を生成するものと考えられる。As described above, when the saturation conditions and other ionic bonds are satisfied by increasing the ionic strength of salts in water and forming a local ion-concentrating portion, a water-insoluble substance is formed in the form of crystals in the form of crystals. It is thought to be.
【００１８】非常にイオン結合性の強い条件で結晶化粒
子は表面電荷的に中性となり、球体状の小粒子の結晶を
形成する。結晶化粒子の表面電荷の偏りが大きい程、結
晶体の大きさは小さく、集合性も弱い。図４に本発明の
処理をしない場合（図４（ａ）、（ｂ））と処理をした
場合（図４（ｃ）、（ｄ））の水中の塩類のイオン化の
過程とその結合による結晶化の過程のモデルをそれぞれ
示す。Under extremely strong ionic bonding conditions, the crystallized particles become neutral in terms of surface charge, and form spherical small particle crystals. The larger the bias of the surface charge of the crystallized particles, the smaller the size of the crystal and the weaker the aggregation. FIG. 4 shows the process of ionization of salts in water in the case where the treatment of the present invention is not carried out (FIGS. 4A and 4B) and in the case where the treatment is carried out (FIGS. The models of the conversion process are shown below.
【００１９】液体移送配管１に巻き付けたコイル２を流
れる電流は方形波であって、電流の方向が毎秒数百から
数千の割合いで瞬時に変化するため、磁界の方向も瞬時
に変化し、その結果、液体移送配管１内に大きな電磁界
力が生じて配管１内を流れる液中の正負イオン溶質に強
く働きかける。このように、大きな電磁界力を受けた正
負イオン溶質は、液体中に存在する金属微粒子を核とし
て積極的に結晶化される。この液体中での積極的な結晶
化により、液体移送配管１の壁面内でのスケールの生成
が回避される。The current flowing through the coil 2 wound around the liquid transfer pipe 1 is a square wave, and the direction of the current changes instantaneously at a rate of hundreds to thousands per second, so that the direction of the magnetic field also changes instantaneously. As a result, a large electromagnetic field force is generated in the liquid transfer pipe 1, and strongly acts on positive and negative ion solutes in the liquid flowing in the pipe 1. As described above, the positive and negative ion solutes subjected to the large electromagnetic field force are positively crystallized with the metal fine particles existing in the liquid as nuclei. Due to the active crystallization in the liquid, the generation of scale in the wall surface of the liquid transfer pipe 1 is avoided.
【００２０】ところで、結晶を構成する正負のイオン溶
質や金属微粒子や結晶分子等は、一般に固有の振動数を
有する。この固有振動数は、液体の粘度・圧力・温度・
濃度等の影響により変化する。By the way, positive and negative ionic solutes, fine metal particles, crystal molecules, and the like constituting a crystal generally have a unique frequency. This natural frequency is determined by the viscosity, pressure, temperature,
It changes due to the influence of concentration and the like.
【００２１】そこで、上記方形波電流の周波数を所定の
帯域で変調（時間の経過と共に周波数を変える）させる
と、上記固有振動数と一致する周波数のところで共振が
生じる。共振を受けた結晶は、その強い微震動パワーに
より小粒子になる。このように、周波数変調を行うこと
により、流体の流速や粘度・圧力・温度・濃度等の影響
に左右されることなく、安定した小粒子の結晶を得るこ
とができる。また、結晶の粒子径は、電流の強さや流す
時間等を変えることによりコントロールすることが可能
である。If the frequency of the square wave current is modulated in a predetermined band (the frequency is changed with the passage of time), resonance occurs at a frequency that matches the natural frequency. A crystal that has undergone resonance becomes small particles due to its strong microtremor power. In this way, by performing frequency modulation, stable small-particle crystals can be obtained without being affected by the influence of the flow velocity, viscosity, pressure, temperature, concentration, and the like of the fluid. Further, the particle size of the crystal can be controlled by changing the intensity of the current, the flowing time, and the like.
【００２２】次に本発明による微粒子（球体小粒子結
晶）の製造方法の実例について述べる。 （方法１）液体移送配管に巻設したコイルに２０〜１Ｍ
Ｈｚの帯域で、周波数を時間的に変化させた方形波電流
を流す。Next, an example of the method for producing fine particles (small sphere crystals) according to the present invention will be described. (Method 1) A coil wound around a liquid transfer pipe is 20 to 1M
In the Hz band, a square wave current whose frequency is changed over time is passed.
【００２３】このときの微粒子の生成条件は．陽イオ
ン、陰イオン濃度及び溶解度積、生成粒子数〜結晶子表
面積、液のｐＨ、温度などに影響され、また電磁界処理
条件は、液の流速、電流値、処理回数などにより異な
る。The conditions for forming the fine particles at this time are as follows. The concentration of the cations and anions and the solubility product, the number of formed particles to the crystallite surface area, the pH of the liquid, the temperature, and the like are affected.
【００２４】水（上水、水溶液または水懸濁液）の液体
移送配管１内の液体に与えられるエネルギーは磁界を通
過する液体の流速に比例する。The energy given to the liquid in the liquid transfer pipe 1 of water (tap water, aqueous solution or water suspension) is proportional to the flow velocity of the liquid passing through the magnetic field.
【００２５】水中内での水及び塩類のイオンの分極効果
は管壁に形成される境膜の厚さに依存する。水（上水、
水溶液または水懸濁液）が液体移送配管１内を低速で流
れると、前記境膜が厚くなり、イオンの移動が阻害さ
れ、高速過ぎると前記境膜が破壊され、イオンの分極性
が失われるしたがって液体移送配管１内の乱流条件（高
流速時）では微粒子生成効果が低下する。The polarization effect of ions of water and salts in water depends on the thickness of the film formed on the tube wall. Water (tap water,
When an aqueous solution or an aqueous suspension flows through the liquid transfer pipe 1 at a low speed, the film becomes thick and the movement of ions is hindered. If the speed is too high, the film is destroyed and the polarizability of the ions is lost. Therefore, under the turbulent flow conditions (at high flow velocity) in the liquid transfer pipe 1, the effect of generating fine particles is reduced.
【００２６】したがって、微粒子生成率は渦電流（出力
電流）に依存するが、水（上水、水溶液または水懸濁
液）の液体移送配管１内の流速は０．３〜１０ｍ／秒と
することが望ましい。Therefore, the particle generation rate depends on the eddy current (output current), but the flow rate of water (tap water, aqueous solution or water suspension) in the liquid transfer pipe 1 is set to 0.3 to 10 m / sec. It is desirable.
【００２７】電磁界処理回数とは、渦電流（出力電流）
が印加される領域に水（（上水、水溶液または水懸濁
液））を通す回数のことであるが、処理回数を上げるこ
とにより生成粒子の微粒子（球体小粒子、または結晶な
ど）化が促進される。したがって、前記処理回数は多い
ほど良いが、求める微粒子化の程度とコストとの兼ね合
いからそれぞれ適切な処理回数が求められる。The number of times of electromagnetic field processing means eddy current (output current)
Is the number of times water ((tap water, aqueous solution or water suspension)) is passed through the area to which is applied. By increasing the number of treatments, fine particles (small spheres, crystals, etc.) Promoted. Therefore, the larger the number of times of the processing, the better, but an appropriate number of times of the processing is determined in consideration of the degree of the required fineness and the cost.
【００２８】（方法２）２０〜１ＭＨｚの帯域で、周波
数を時間的に変化させた方形波の交流電流を液体流路
（液体移送配管）に巻設したコイルに流しながら、当該
液体移送配管を通過させて得た電磁界処理済みの上水
（処理水）に微粒子生成用の原料と混合して微粒子を製
造する。(Method 2) In a band of 20 to 1 MHz, an alternating current of a square wave whose frequency is temporally changed is passed through a coil wound around a liquid flow path (liquid transfer pipe), and the liquid transfer pipe is connected to the coil. Fine particles are produced by mixing the raw water (processed water) having been subjected to electromagnetic field treatment obtained through the passage with a raw material for generating fine particles.
【００２９】上水（水道水）に予め与えた渦電流と磁場
の効果は、上水に対して次のような影響を与えているも
のと考えられる。The effects of the eddy current and the magnetic field previously applied to the tap water (tap water) are considered to have the following effects on the tap water.
【００３０】すなわち、磁気エネルギーによる水分子及
び微粒子（結晶粒子）への影響として、水分子への分極
効果を与え、Ｈ−Ｏ−Ｈ結合の成す角度が１０４°２
７’より大きくなり、双極子マーメントが大きくなる。
このため、水の表面張力が下がり、水の透過性が増す
（固体、気体に対する水の親和性が増加する）。That is, as the effect of magnetic energy on water molecules and fine particles (crystal particles), a polarization effect on water molecules is given, and the angle formed by the H—O—H bond is 104 ° 2.
7 'and the dipole merger becomes larger.
For this reason, the surface tension of water decreases and the permeability of water increases (the affinity of water for solids and gases increases).
【００３１】また、水分子が次の反応式に従ってイオン
化されて被処理用の微粒子生成原料である物質から得ら
れる陽イオン成分の水和力が増大し、電解質の溶解量が
増し、導電率が増加する。この導電率の増加で、粒子が
生成し、スケールの場合はそれが微粒子化して管壁から
分離する。Further, the water molecules are ionized according to the following reaction formula, the hydration power of the cation component obtained from the substance which is the raw material for producing fine particles to be treated increases, the amount of dissolved electrolyte increases, and the conductivity increases. To increase. This increase in conductivity produces particles that, in the case of scale, break down and separate from the tube wall.
【００３２】また、本発明の電磁界を印加する方法で、
粒子表面の電位（ゼータ電位）が下がることにより粒子
相互の反発性が大きくなるだけでなく、当該粒子とその
他の物質（気体、液体、固体）との境界部分での反発性
も増大する。そのため水（上水、水溶液、水懸濁液）に
接する部材、または水の貯留装置の界面、例えば貯留液
面と装置壁面の接触部分での微粒子の集積が無くなり、
この界面部分でのスケール付着の防止、スケールの除去
が行われる。In the method for applying an electromagnetic field according to the present invention,
As the potential (zeta potential) on the particle surface decreases, not only repulsion between particles increases, but also repulsion at a boundary portion between the particle and another substance (gas, liquid, solid) increases. Therefore, there is no accumulation of fine particles at a member in contact with water (tap water, aqueous solution, water suspension), or at an interface of a water storage device, for example, at a contact portion between a stored liquid surface and a device wall.
Prevention of scale adhesion at this interface portion and removal of scale are performed.
【００３３】なお、後述するようにＦｅ系スケール試料
を用いて、電解処理のみを行ったが、一部粒子の分散性
は認められるが、界面付近は逆に集合性を示したのに対
して、本発明の処理は、粒子の分散性及び界面付近での
反発性が見られる点で異なっていることが分かる。As will be described later, only electrolytic treatment was carried out using a Fe-based scale sample. However, although dispersibility of some particles was observed, conversely, the vicinity of the interface showed aggregation. It can be seen that the treatment of the present invention is different in that the dispersibility of the particles and the resilience near the interface are observed.
【００３４】また、固体と液体と気体のそれぞれのいず
れか２つの相の界面付近における微粒子の反発力に加え
て、得られた微粒子が球形になることにより、例えば装
置壁面に形成されやすいスケール成分（固体が主成分）
が付着され難くなり、また付着しているスケールは剥離
しやすくなるものと考えられる。In addition to the repulsive force of the fine particles near the interface between any two phases of solid, liquid, and gas, the resulting fine particles are spherical, so that, for example, a scale component easily formed on the wall surface of the apparatus. (Main component is solid)
It is thought that the adhered scale becomes difficult to adhere, and the adhered scale is easily peeled off.
【００３５】本発明の微粒子（球体小粒子、結晶などを
含む）製造技術はスケール付着防止と付着スケールの除
去技術に適用することができる。The technique for producing fine particles (including small spherical particles, crystals, etc.) of the present invention can be applied to techniques for preventing scale adhesion and removing attached scale.
【００３６】酸化鉄などの金属酸化物、水酸化物、炭酸
塩、硫酸塩、リン酸塩、塩化物、硫化物など、またはカ
ルシウム、マグネシウム、ケイ素、マンガン、アルミニ
ウム、ナトリウム、亜鉛などの化合物に代表される無機
化合物からなるスケールが管壁、各種装置壁面に付着す
ることを防止し、前記壁面に付着したスケールの除去す
ることに効果がある。Metal oxides such as iron oxides, hydroxides, carbonates, sulfates, phosphates, chlorides, sulfides and the like, or compounds such as calcium, magnesium, silicon, manganese, aluminum, sodium and zinc It is effective in preventing a scale made of a representative inorganic compound from adhering to a tube wall or a wall surface of various devices and removing the scale adhered to the wall surface.
【００３７】また、上記スケールとして前記無機化合物
のスケールにさらに付着性を有する物質を含むスケール
も、本発明の処理で共に除去される。Further, as the above-mentioned scale, a scale containing a substance having an adhesive property to the scale of the inorganic compound is also removed by the treatment of the present invention.
【００３８】水中（上水、水溶液または水懸濁液）に含
まれるカルシウム成分やマグネシウム成分、ケイ素成分
などの無機化合物またはこれらのイオン成分が流体移送
用の鉄製などの金属製などの配管、各種用途に用いられ
る上水、水溶液または水懸濁液を貯留する金属製などの
装置の壁面に析出するスケール、または流体移送用配
管、上水、水溶液または水懸濁液の金属製などの貯留装
置の壁面から溶出する酸化鉄などを成分とするスケール
の発生防止及び一旦析出した前記スケールの除去に効果
がある。An inorganic compound such as a calcium component, a magnesium component, or a silicon component contained in water (tap water, an aqueous solution or an aqueous suspension) or an ionic component of these compounds is used to transfer fluid such as iron or other metal piping for fluid transfer. Scales deposited on the walls of metal or other devices that store water, aqueous solutions, or water suspensions used for applications, or fluid transfer piping, storage devices such as water, aqueous solutions, or water suspensions made of metal This is effective in preventing the generation of scales containing iron oxide and the like eluted from the wall surface of the steel and removing the scale once deposited.
【００３９】これは本発明の処理により、前記無機化合
物の微粒子（球体小粒子結晶など）の生成が促進され、
微粒子であるために粒子の分散性が高まり、前記管壁な
どへの付着を防止することができるものと考えられる。This is because the treatment of the present invention promotes the generation of fine particles (such as small spherical crystal particles) of the inorganic compound,
It is considered that since the particles are fine particles, the dispersibility of the particles increases, and the particles can be prevented from adhering to the tube wall or the like.
【００４０】また、一旦生成したスケールが剥離しやす
くなるためであると考えられる。一旦管壁などに付着し
たスケールの除去は、水分子の分極化によりスケール成
分中の陽イオン成分の水和力が増し、電解質の溶解量が
増加するためであると考えられる。一度、イオンとして
溶解した電解質イオンは、スケールの凹凸表面の凹部に
入り込み、局部的に、そのイオン濃度が高まり、再結合
して粒径の小さい球形の結晶を生じやすくなるものと考
えられる。It is also considered that the scale once formed is likely to peel off. It is considered that the scale once attached to the tube wall or the like is removed because the hydration power of the cation component in the scale component increases due to the polarization of the water molecule, and the amount of dissolved electrolyte increases. It is considered that the electrolyte ions once dissolved as ions enter the concave portions of the uneven surface of the scale, locally increase the ion concentration, and easily recombine to form spherical crystals having a small particle diameter.
【００４１】なお、一般的に水は上記電磁界力を一定時
間（約４日間）記憶する能力を有するので、上記コイル
２（図１）を通過した液体移送配管１の部分においても
小粒子の結晶化が行われる。従って、コイル２は配管１
の上流側に設置すると効果的である。Since water generally has the ability to memorize the above-mentioned electromagnetic force for a certain period of time (about 4 days), even in the portion of the liquid transfer pipe 1 passing through the coil 2 (FIG. 1), small particles Crystallization takes place. Therefore, the coil 2 is connected to the pipe 1
It is effective to install it upstream of.
【００４２】本発明の方法により、次のような利点があ
る。 １）各種装置の上水、水溶液または水懸濁液などの移送
用配管または上水、水溶液または水懸濁液などの貯留タ
ンクを含むラインを止めずに、スケールの発生防止及び
スケールの除去が行える。 ２）前記移送用配管ではコイルを巻くことができるパイ
プ径４〜２０００ｍｍ程度のあらゆる材質の配管に適用
可能であり、または前記液貯留タンクにコイルを巻くこ
とができる径を有する部分があれば、コイルを巻いて、
本発明の方形波の交流電流を流すことができるが、その
ような構成を備えていない貯留装置では予め本発明の電
磁界を印加した上水（水道水）を用いることで、スケー
ルの発生防止及びスケールの除去が行える。The method of the present invention has the following advantages. 1) Prevention of scale generation and scale removal without stopping lines for transporting various equipment such as water supply, aqueous solution or water suspension, or lines containing storage tanks for water, aqueous solution or water suspension. I can do it. 2) The transfer pipe can be applied to pipes of any material having a pipe diameter of about 4 to 2000 mm that can be wound with a coil, or if the liquid storage tank has a part with a diameter that can be wound with a coil, Wrap the coil,
Although the square-wave alternating current of the present invention can flow, a storage device without such a configuration can prevent scale from being generated by using tap water (tap water) to which the electromagnetic field of the present invention has been applied in advance. And scale can be removed.
【００４３】３）さらに、本発明の方形電流を流す方法
は、当該方法を適用する装置の稼働中に行えるので液体
移送用配管が熱交換器または冷却塔等である場合にはそ
の熱移動効率の低下を防止できる。 ４）したがって、液体移送用配管または液体貯留タンク
の清掃等のメンテナンス費用が低減でき、また、メンテ
ナンスのための停止期間を低減することができる。3) Further, the method of flowing a square current according to the present invention can be performed during the operation of the apparatus to which the method is applied. Therefore, when the liquid transfer pipe is a heat exchanger or a cooling tower, the heat transfer efficiency is improved. Can be prevented from decreasing. 4) Therefore, maintenance costs such as cleaning of the liquid transfer pipe or the liquid storage tank can be reduced, and the downtime for maintenance can be reduced.
【００４４】本発明の処理により、例えば、球体小粒子
化した結晶は、結晶体としての成長性を失い低流速部に
ヘドロ状として堆積する。粒子径の小さい程、次のスト
ークス式も明らかなように、より低速条件で排出可能で
あることより、水洗浄程度での排出で充分である。 Ｖｔ＝｛（ρp−ρ）Ｄp 2ｇ｝／１８μ Ｖｔ：沈降速度 ρ：液体の速度 ρp：固体の密度 Ｄp：粒径 μ：液体の粘度By the treatment of the present invention, for example, a crystal that has been made into a small spherical particle loses its growth ability as a crystal and accumulates as a sludge in a low flow velocity part. As is clear from the following Stokes equation, the smaller the particle size, the more the discharge can be carried out under a lower speed condition, and thus the more the water is discharged, the better the discharge is. Vt = {(ρ p -ρ) D p 2 g} / 18μ Vt: sedimentation velocity [rho: velocity of the liquid [rho p: density of the solid D p: particle diameter mu: viscosity of the liquid
【００４５】このように、本発明の電磁界処理方法を用
いることで、あらゆる産業または民生の分野において、
水溶液または水懸濁液から、配管内壁面などにスケール
が析出することを防止でき、また一旦析出したスケール
の除去が可能となる。As described above, by using the electromagnetic field processing method of the present invention, in any industrial or consumer field,
The scale can be prevented from depositing on the inner wall surface of the pipe from the aqueous solution or the aqueous suspension, and the scale once deposited can be removed.
【００４６】[0046]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施の形態につい
て図面を参照しながら説明する。図１にはラボテスト用
の装置を示し、被処理液体を流す直径２５ｍｍ、長さ３
００ｍｍの塩化ビニール樹脂製の液体移送配管１はその
周囲にコイル２が巻き付けられている。電源装置３から
は上記コイル２に、５００Ｈｚ〜５０００Ｈｚの帯域で
例えば５００、５０００及び２５００Ｈｚをそれぞれ２
ｍＳ、０．２ｍＳ、０．４ｍＳの間、印加する。以下の
実施例におけるコイル２に流す電流値は被処理液体を流
す配管１の径、その他の因子により０．０５〜１０Ａの
間の特定の電流を流した。電圧は商用電源の１００また
は２００Ｖが一般的である。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an apparatus for a lab test, in which a liquid to be treated flows 25 mm in diameter and 3 mm in length.
A coil 2 is wound around a liquid transfer pipe 1 made of 00 mm vinyl chloride resin. For example, 500, 5000, and 2500 Hz are respectively supplied from the power supply device 3 to the coil 2 in a band of 500 Hz to 5000 Hz.
The voltage is applied for mS, 0.2 mS and 0.4 mS. In the following examples, a specific current of 0.05 to 10 A was applied to the coil 2 depending on the diameter of the pipe 1 through which the liquid to be treated flows and other factors. The voltage is generally 100 or 200 V of a commercial power supply.
【００４７】次に各産業分野における実施例について説
明する。 実施例１ 鹿島北共同火力発電所における硫酸製造ラインにおける
硫酸ナトリウム回収用の１５０ｍｍ径の配管（ステンレ
ススチールＳＵＳ３１６Ｌ）にコイルを巻き付けて、Ｎ
ａ2ＳＯ4の微粒子の製造を行った。Next, embodiments in each industrial field will be described. Example 1 A coil was wound around a 150 mm diameter pipe (stainless steel SUS316L) for recovering sodium sulfate in a sulfuric acid production line at the Kashima North Joint Thermal Power Station.
a 2 SO 4 fine particles were produced.
【００４８】ここで、Ｎａ2ＳＯ4水はＮａ2ＳＯ4を５．
５重量％含有し、その温度は６０℃であり、前記配管内
を１０ｍ3／ｈの流速で循環流を形成しており、前記配
管に巻き付けたコイルに０．０１〜１．０Ａの電流を５
００〜５０００Ｈｚの範囲で周波数を時間と経過と共に
ランダムに変化させて流した。したがって、配管内のＮ
ａ2ＳＯ4水には、繰り返し本発明の電磁界処理がなされ
ている。Here, the Na 2 SO 4 water is prepared by converting Na 2 SO 4 to 5.
5 wt%, the temperature is 60 ° C., a circulating flow is formed in the pipe at a flow rate of 10 m 3 / h, and a current of 0.01 to 1.0 A is applied to the coil wound around the pipe. 5
The frequency was changed in the range of 00 to 5000 Hz at random over time and flowed. Therefore, N
The electromagnetic field treatment of the present invention is repeatedly performed on a 2 SO 4 water.
【００４９】その結果、得られたＮａ2ＳＯ4微粒子の微
粒子の顕微鏡写真（１００倍：１目盛１５μｍ）を図５
に示すが、直径約１００μｍ程度の粒子の中に所々小径
粒子が見られる。FIG. 5 is a micrograph (100 ×, 15 μm) of the resulting fine particles of Na 2 SO 4 .
As shown in the figure, small particles are found in some parts of particles having a diameter of about 100 μm.
【００５０】また、得られたＮａ2ＳＯ4微粒子の粒径と
電流値との関係を図６に示すが、０．５〜０．６Ａ程度
の電流値で粒径が約７５μｍのＮａ2ＳＯ4微粒子が得ら
れた。これ以上電流値を上げても、前記濃度のＮａ2Ｓ
Ｏ4水からは粒径約７５μｍより小さいＮａ2ＳＯ4を得
ることはできなかった。[0050] Also, the relationship between the particle diameter and the current value of the Na 2 SO 4 particles obtained is shown in FIG. 6, the particle diameter at a current value of about 0.5~0.6A of about 75 [mu] m Na 2 SO Four fine particles were obtained. Even if the current value is further increased, the concentration of Na 2 S
Na 2 SO 4 smaller than about 75 μm in particle size could not be obtained from O 4 water.
【００５１】また、こうして微粒子のＮａ2ＳＯ4が得ら
れるため、硫酸ナトリウム回収用配管にはＮａ2ＳＯ4を
含むスケールの付着が生じなかった。また配管に付着し
ていたスケールが剥離した。Since fine particles of Na 2 SO 4 were thus obtained, the scale containing Na 2 SO 4 did not adhere to the sodium sulfate recovery pipe. In addition, the scale attached to the pipe was peeled off.
【００５２】実施例２ 終末下水処理場の下水余剰汚泥を脱水機で処理する前の
配管内の約８８ｗｔ％有機分を含む汚泥に３７ｗｔ％の
ＦｅＣｌ3と１０ｗｔ％Ｃａ（ＯＨ）2を加えて、得られ
たｐＨ６．５〜７．５、１４〜１６℃の懸濁液（ＳＳ成
分（懸濁浮遊物質）濃度９，０００〜１０，０００ｐｐ
ｍ）を流す汚泥配管に本発明のコイルを１１回巻き付
け、下記の条件で処理して得られた微粒子の性状と汚泥
配管のスケールの付着状況を調べた。 配管径：１５０ｍｍ、 流量：６０ｍ3／ｈ 流速：０．９４ｍ／ｓ 電流値：０．１〜０．４Ａ（最小粒径製造時） 試験期間：約６ケ月Example 2 37% by weight of FeCl 3 and 10% by weight of Ca (OH) 2 were added to sludge containing about 88% by weight of organic matter in a pipe before treating the excess sewage sludge in a terminal sewage treatment plant with a dehydrator. The resulting suspension having a pH of 6.5 to 7.5 and a temperature of 14 to 16 ° C. (SS component (suspension suspended solid) concentration of 9,000 to 10,000 pp)
The coil of the present invention was wound 11 times around the sludge pipe through which m) flows, and the properties of the fine particles obtained by treatment under the following conditions and the state of adhesion of the scale to the sludge pipe were examined. Pipe diameter: 150 mm, Flow rate: 60 m 3 / h Flow rate: 0.94 m / s Current value: 0.1 to 0.4 A (at the time of manufacturing the minimum particle size) Test period: about 6 months
【００５３】得られたＮａ2ＳＯ4微粒子の粒径と電流値
との関係を図７に示すが、０．１４〜０．３２Ａ程度の
電流値で約３５μｍの粒径汚泥粒子が１０μｍ程度にな
った。これ以上電流値を上げても、前記濃度の汚泥水か
らは粒径約１０μｍより小さい汚泥粒子を得ることはで
きなかった。実機では０．２２Ａの電流値で処理を行っ
た。FIG. 7 shows the relationship between the particle size of the obtained Na 2 SO 4 fine particles and the current value. At a current value of about 0.14 to 0.32 A, sludge particles having a particle size of about 35 μm were reduced to about 10 μm. became. Even if the current value was further increased, sludge particles having a particle size of less than about 10 μm could not be obtained from the sludge water having the above concentration. In the actual machine, the processing was performed with a current value of 0.22 A.
【００５４】また、こうして微粒子の汚泥粒子が得られ
るため、配管にはスケールの付着が生じなかった。これ
を顕微鏡写真（１目盛が１５μｍ）で示すと、図８
（ａ）に示すとおりであり、本発明の処理をしない対照
装置の配管内のスケールの顕微鏡写真（図８（ｂ））に
比較して粒径が小さくなっていることが判明した。Further, since fine sludge particles were obtained in this way, no scale adhered to the piping. FIG. 8 shows this in a micrograph (a scale is 15 μm).
As shown in (a), it was found that the particle size was smaller than the microscopic photograph (FIG. 8 (b)) of the scale in the pipe of the control device not treated with the present invention.
【００５５】また、配管に既に硬化した状態で付着して
いたスケールが軟化して、その除去作業が従来に比して
た容易になった。Further, the scale which had already adhered to the pipe in a hardened state was softened, and the work of removing the scale became easier than before.
【００５６】実施例３ ごみ焼却炉の炉壁の外部に設ける炉壁冷却用のウオータ
ジャケットの冷却水の循環配管にコイルを巻き付け、本
発明の処理を行った。Example 3 A coil was wound around a cooling water circulation pipe of a water jacket for cooling the furnace wall provided outside the furnace wall of the refuse incinerator, and the treatment of the present invention was performed.
【００５７】冷却水の性状と、処理条件は次のとおりで
ある。 冷却水 ｐＨ：７〜７．３、 温度：４５℃ 主成分（ＳｉＯ2）濃度：８０ｐｐｍ、ＳＳ濃度：１２ｐｐｍ 処理条件 処理回数：３回／ｈ、 配管（亜鉛メッキ鋼管（ＳＧＰ））径：２５ｍｍ 流量：３．０ｍ3／ｈ、 流速：１．７ｍ／ｓ 電流値：０．０１〜１．０ＡThe properties of the cooling water and the processing conditions are as follows. Cooling water pH: 7 to 7.3, Temperature: 45 ° C. Main component (SiO 2 ) concentration: 80 ppm, SS concentration: 12 ppm Processing conditions Processing frequency: 3 times / h, Pipe (galvanized steel pipe (SGP)) diameter: 25 mm Flow rate: 3.0 m 3 / h, Flow rate: 1.7 m / s Current value: 0.01 to 1.0 A
【００５８】得られたＳｉＯ2微粒子の粒径と電流値と
の関係を図９に示すが、０．６０〜０．９５Ａ程度の電
流値で本発明の処理をしていない未処理の約２００〜３
００μｍの粒径のＳｉＯ2微粒子が２０〜１０μｍ程度
の粒子になった。これ以上電流値を上げても、前記濃度
の汚泥水からは粒径約１０μｍより小さい汚泥粒子を得
ることはできなかった。実機では０．７６Ａの電流値で
処理を行った。FIG. 9 shows the relationship between the particle size of the obtained SiO 2 fine particles and the current value. The current value is about 0.60 to 0.95 A, and the untreated about 200 ~ 3
The SiO 2 fine particles having a particle diameter of 00 μm turned into particles of about 20 to 10 μm. Even if the current value was further increased, sludge particles having a particle size of less than about 10 μm could not be obtained from the sludge water having the above concentration. In the actual machine, the processing was performed with a current value of 0.76 A.
【００５９】また、こうしてＳｉＯ2微粒子が得られる
ため、配管にはスケールの付着が生じなかった。これを
顕微鏡写真（１目盛が１５μｍ）で示すと、図１０
（ａ）に示すとおりであり、本発明の処理をしない対照
装置の配管内のスケールの顕微鏡写真（図１０（ｂ））
に比較して粒径が小さくなっていることが判明した。
本発明の処理をしていない冷却水中の単斜結晶のＳｉＯ
2は本発明の処理により消滅し、粒径が小さくなってい
る。Since fine particles of SiO 2 were obtained in this way, no scale adhered to the piping. FIG. 10 shows a micrograph (a scale is 15 μm) of FIG.
As shown in (a), a micrograph of the scale in the pipe of the control device not treated with the present invention (FIG. 10 (b))
It was found that the particle size was smaller than that of.
Monoclinic SiO in cooling water not treated according to the invention
No. 2 disappeared by the treatment of the present invention, and the particle size became small.
【００６０】実施例４ 成分不明の温泉水（武雄温泉で採取）を図１に示す装置
を用いて、前記ラボテスト方法に準じて実験を行った。Example 4 An experiment was conducted on hot spring water of unknown composition (taken at Takeo hot spring) using the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 in accordance with the lab test method.
【００６１】得られた微粒子の顕微鏡写真（１目盛が
７．５μｍ）を示すと、図１１（ａ）に示すとおりであ
り、本発明の処理をしない温泉水含有粒子の顕微鏡写真
（図１１（ｂ））の針状結晶が本発明の処理により一つ
一つが分離した微粒子になっていることが良く分かる。FIG. 11 (a) shows a micrograph of the obtained fine particles (1 scale is 7.5 μm), and a micrograph of the hot spring water-containing particles not treated in the present invention (FIG. 11 ( It can be clearly seen that the needle-like crystals of b)) are fine particles separated one by one by the treatment of the present invention.
【００６２】実施例５ 製鉄所の鉄精錬時の排ガスの流路に設けられる集塵機の
洗浄水を図１に示す装置を用いて、前記ラボテスト方法
に準じて実験を行った。集塵機の洗浄水（集塵水）の性
状と、処理条件は次のとおりである。 集塵水 ｐＨ：７．９、 温度：２３℃ 主成分（ＳｉＯ2＋Ｃａ成分、Ｆｅ粉など）濃度： Ｃａ：７６ｐｐｍ、Ｆｅ：９.１ｐｐｍ、ＳｉＯ2：９３ｐｐｍ ＳＳ濃度：１４ｐｐｍ、 導電率：１１００μＳ/ｃｍ 処理条件 処理回数：１回 配管（塩化ビニル樹脂（ＶＰ）管）径：２５ｍｍ 流量：１．１ｍ3／ｈ、 流速：０．６ｍ／ｓ 電流値：０．０１〜１．０ＡExample 5 Using a device shown in FIG. 1, an experiment was conducted on washing water of a dust collector provided in a flow path of exhaust gas during iron refining in an ironworks according to the lab test method. The properties of the cleaning water (dust collection water) of the dust collector and the treatment conditions are as follows. Dust collection water pH: 7.9, temperature: 23 ° C. Main component (SiO 2 + Ca component, Fe powder, etc.) concentration: Ca: 76 ppm, Fe: 9.1 ppm, SiO 2 : 93 ppm SS concentration: 14 ppm, conductivity: 1100 μS / cm Treatment conditions Number of treatments: 1 time Pipe (vinyl chloride resin (VP) tube) diameter: 25 mm Flow rate: 1.1 m 3 / h, Flow rate: 0.6 m / s Current value: 0.01 to 1.0 A
【００６３】得られた微粒子の粒径と電流値との関係を
図１２に示すが、０．６０〜０．８Ａ程度の電流値で本
発明の処理をしていない未処理の約１０μｍの粒径の微
粒子が１μｍ以下の粒子になった。これ以上電流値を上
げても、粒径の小さい粒子を得ることはできなかった。FIG. 12 shows the relationship between the particle size of the obtained fine particles and the current value. The unprocessed particles of about 10 μm having a current value of about 0.60 to 0.8 A and not being treated according to the present invention are shown in FIG. Fine particles having a diameter of 1 μm or less were obtained. Even if the current value was further increased, particles with a small particle size could not be obtained.
【００６４】得られた微粒子の顕微鏡写真（１目盛が３
μｍ）を示すと、図１３（ａ）に示すとおりであり、本
発明の処理をしない集塵水含有粒子の顕微鏡写真（図１
３（ｂ））の粒子本発明の処理により一つ一つが分離し
た微粒子になっていることが良く分かる。A micrograph of the obtained fine particles (1 scale is 3
μm) is as shown in FIG. 13 (a), and is a photomicrograph of the particles containing collected water not treated in the present invention (FIG. 1).
3 (b)) Particles It can be clearly seen that the particles of the present invention are separated into fine particles by the treatment of the present invention.
【００６５】実施例６ 火力発電所のボイラ復水器の冷却水を図１に示す装置を
用いて、前記ラボテスト方法に準じて実験を行った。ボ
イラ復水器の冷却水の性状と、処理条件は次のとおりで
ある。Example 6 An experiment was conducted according to the lab test method using the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 for the cooling water of the boiler condenser of a thermal power plant. The properties of the cooling water of the boiler condenser and the treatment conditions are as follows.
【００６６】 冷却水 ｐＨ：８．１、 温度：２１℃ 主成分濃度（Ｃｌ-17300ppm、ＳＯ4 2-2700ppm、全硬度5500ppm）、 導電率：３２５００μS/ｃｍ 処理条件 処理回数：１回 配管（ＶＰ管）径：２５ｍｍ 流量：１．１ｍ3／ｈ、 流速：０．６ｍ／ｓ 電流値：０．０１〜１．０Ａ[0066] Cooling water pH: 8.1, temperature: 21 ° C. main component concentration (Cl - 17300ppm, SO 4 2- 2700ppm, total hardness 5500 ppm), Conductivity: 32500μS / cm processing conditions processing times: once pipe (VP Tube) diameter: 25 mm flow rate: 1.1 m 3 / h, flow rate: 0.6 m / s current value: 0.01 to 1.0 A
【００６７】得られた微粒子の粒径と電流値との関係を
図１４に示すが、０．３〜０．８Ａ程度の電流値で本発
明の処理をしていない未処理の約１００μｍの粒径のＮ
ａＣｌを主成分とする微粒子が３０μｍ以下の粒子にな
った。これ以上電流値を上げても、粒径の小さい粒子を
得ることはできなかった。FIG. 14 shows the relationship between the particle size of the obtained fine particles and the current value. The untreated particles of about 100 μm which have not been treated according to the present invention at a current value of about 0.3 to 0.8 A are shown in FIG. Diameter N
The fine particles mainly composed of aCl became particles having a size of 30 μm or less. Even if the current value was further increased, particles with a small particle size could not be obtained.
【００６８】０．７６Ａと０．０３６Ａで処理して得ら
れた微粒子の顕微鏡写真（１目盛が１５μｍ）を示す
と、それぞれ図１５（ａ）と図１５（ｂ）に示すとおり
であり、本発明の処理をしない冷却水含有粒子の顕微鏡
写真（図１６）の約１００μｍの粒径のＮａＣｌに比較
して微粒子になっていることが良く分かる。Microscopic photographs (15 μm on one scale) of the fine particles obtained by treatment with 0.76 A and 0.036 A are as shown in FIGS. 15 (a) and 15 (b), respectively. It can be clearly seen that the microparticles of the cooling water-containing particles not subjected to the treatment of the present invention are fine particles as compared with NaCl having a particle size of about 100 μm (FIG. 16).
【００６９】また、実機テストを行ったが、ラボテスト
と同様の結果が得られ、復水器の冷却水配管に既に硬化
した状態で付着していたスケールが軟化して、その除去
作業が従来に比してた容易になった。Also, the actual machine test was performed, and the same result as the lab test was obtained. The scale which had already adhered to the cooling water pipe of the condenser in a hardened state was softened. Compared with easier.
【００７０】実施例７ 火力発電所のボイラ排ガス中の硫黄酸化物を脱硫処理装
置で石灰石スラリーに吸収させて得られる石膏を含む水
懸濁液から固体を分離した後の上澄み液配管を図１に示
す装置を用いて、前記ラボテスト方法に準じて実験を行
った。Example 7 A supernatant liquid pipe after separating solids from a gypsum-containing aqueous suspension obtained by absorbing sulfur oxides in boiler exhaust gas of a thermal power plant into a limestone slurry by a desulfurization treatment apparatus is shown in FIG. An experiment was performed according to the above-mentioned laboratory test method using an apparatus shown in FIG.
【００７１】上澄み液の性状と、処理条件は次のとおり
である。 上澄み液 ｐＨ：３．２、 温度：２４℃ 主成分濃度（ＣａＳＯ4） 導電率：５８００μS/ｃｍ ＳＳ：５５０００ｐｐｍ 処理条件 処理回数：１回 配管（ＶＰ管）径：２５ｍｍ 流量：１．１ｍ3／ｈ、 流速：０．６ｍ／ｓ 電流値：０．０１〜１．０ＡThe properties of the supernatant and the processing conditions are as follows. Supernatant pH: 3.2, Temperature: 24 ° C. Main component concentration (CaSO 4 ) Conductivity: 5800 μS / cm SS: 55000 ppm Treatment conditions Number of treatments: 1 time Piping (VP tube) diameter: 25 mm Flow rate: 1.1 m 3 / h, Flow rate: 0.6 m / s Current value: 0.01 to 1.0 A
【００７２】得られた微粒子の粒径と電流値との関係を
図１７に示すが、０．４〜０．８Ａ程度の電流値で本発
明の処理をしていない未処理の約４００μｍの粒径の微
粒子が１０μｍ以下の粒子になった。これ以上電流値を
上げても、粒径の小さい粒子を得ることはできなかっ
た。FIG. 17 shows the relationship between the particle size of the obtained fine particles and the current value. The untreated particles having a current value of about 0.4 to 0.8 A and having not been treated according to the present invention are about 400 μm. Fine particles having a diameter of 10 μm or less were obtained. Even if the current value was further increased, particles with a small particle size could not be obtained.
【００７３】０．６０Ａで処理して得られた微粒子の顕
微鏡写真（１目盛が７．５μｍ）を示すと、図１８
（ａ）に示すとおりであり、本発明の処理をしないクレ
ー上澄み液中の粒子の顕微鏡写真（図１８（ｂ））の約
４００μｍの粒径に比較して分散した微粒子になってい
ることが良く分かる。FIG. 18 shows a micrograph (7.5 μm on one scale) of the fine particles obtained by treatment at 0.60 A.
As shown in (a), the fine particles dispersed in the clay supernatant liquid not subjected to the treatment of the present invention were compared with the particle diameter of about 400 μm in the micrograph (FIG. 18B) of the particles. I understand well.
【００７４】図１９には出力０．２２Ａで前記上澄み液
を１回と２回の処理をした場合の微粒子の顕微鏡写真を
示す。図１９（ａ）に示すとおり２回パスは図１９
（ｂ）に示す１回パスより微粒子化が進んでいることが
良く分かる。FIG. 19 shows micrographs of the fine particles when the supernatant was treated once and twice with an output of 0.22 A. As shown in FIG. 19 (a), the two-pass
It can be clearly seen that the atomization has progressed from the single pass shown in FIG.
【００７５】実施例８ 実施例７の火力発電所のボイラ排ガスの脱硫処理で得ら
れる配管に付着した石膏スケール（３９４ｇ）を板状に
分離し、図２０に示すように、当該板状石膏スケールに
本発明の次の処理条件の電磁界処理を施した常温（２２
〜２５℃）の水道水を循環させながら、連続的に当てて
石膏スケールの状態を観察した。 処理条件 処理回数（循環回数）：１２回／ｈ 配管（ＶＰ管）径：１０ｍｍ 循環流量：４リットル／分、 流速：０．８５ｍ／ｓ 電流値：０．６ＡExample 8 Gypsum scale (394 g) adhering to piping obtained by desulfurization of boiler exhaust gas from a thermal power plant according to Example 7 was separated into plates, and as shown in FIG. Was subjected to electromagnetic field processing under the following processing conditions of the present invention at room temperature (22
(２５25 ° C.) while circulating tap water, and continuously applied the gypsum scale to observe the state. Treatment conditions Number of treatments (number of circulations): 12 times / h Pipe (VP tube) diameter: 10 mm Circulation flow rate: 4 L / min, Flow rate: 0.85 m / s Current value: 0.6 A
【００７６】図２０に示すポリタンク１１中には２０リ
ットルの水道水１２が保有されている。これに前記した
ようにポンプ１３により直径１０ｍｍの配管（ＶＰ）１
４に常温の水を４リットル／分で循環させながら、電源
装置１５から方形波電流を配管１４に巻き付けたコイル
１６に印加する。20 liters of tap water 12 is held in a plastic tank 11 shown in FIG. As described above, a pipe (VP) 1 having a diameter of 10 mm
A square wave current is applied from a power supply device 15 to a coil 16 wound around a pipe 14 while circulating normal temperature water at 4 liters / minute through 4.
【００７７】その結果、石膏スケール１７の減量は図２
１に示すように３７ｇ（１１日間）で除去できることが
明らかになった。また、本発明の処理をしないと逆に石
膏スケール１７が増量した。As a result, the weight loss of the gypsum scale 17 is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 1, it was found that the removal was possible in 37 g (11 days). If the treatment of the present invention was not performed, the amount of the gypsum scale 17 increased.
【００７８】これは、本発明の処理中に水道水中に溶解
したスケール成分が再析出したためと推定される。It is presumed that the scale component dissolved in the tap water during the treatment of the present invention was reprecipitated.
【００７９】図２２には得られた微粒子の顕微鏡写真
（１目盛が１５μｍ）を示すが、微粒子になっているこ
とが良く分かる。FIG. 22 shows a microphotograph (15 μm on one scale) of the obtained fine particles. It can be clearly understood that the fine particles are fine.
【００８０】また、前記板状石膏スケールの０、５
ｇ、１．０ｇ、２．０ｇ、３．０ｇ、４．０
ｇ、５．０ｇに次の処理条件 処理回数：１回のみ、 配管（ＶＰ管）径：２５ｍｍ 流速：０．６ｍ／ｓ、 電流値：０．６Ａ で電磁界処理を施した常温（２２〜２５℃）の５００ミ
リリットルの水道水を加えて、得られる石膏微粒子のサ
イズを測定した。その結果を図２３に示すが、本発明の
微粒子の製造方法では所定の濃度以下で初めて微粒子が
得られることが判明した。Further, 0, 5,
g, 1.0 g, 2.0 g, 3.0 g, 4.0
g, 5.0 g The following processing conditions: Number of treatments: only once, Pipe (VP tube) diameter: 25 mm, Flow velocity: 0.6 m / s, Current value: 0.6 A. (25 ° C.) 500 ml of tap water was added, and the size of the obtained gypsum fine particles was measured. The results are shown in FIG. 23, and it has been found that fine particles can be obtained only at a predetermined concentration or less in the method for producing fine particles of the present invention.
【００８１】また、前記板状石膏スケールの０、５ｇに
次の処理条件 処理回数：１回のみ、 配管（ＶＰ管）径：２５ｍｍ 流速：０．６ｍ／ｓ 電流：０．０１〜１．０Ａ で電磁界処理を施した常温の５００ミリリットルの水道
水を加えて、印加する電流値を変化させた時に得られる
石膏微粒子のサイズを測定した。その結果を図２４に示
すが、電流値は０．５〜１．０Ａ程度が微粒子製造には
適当であることが分かる。Further, the following processing conditions were applied to 0 and 5 g of the plate-like gypsum scale. The number of times of processing: only once, the pipe (VP pipe) diameter: 25 mm, the flow rate: 0.6 m / s, the current: 0.01 to 1.0 A The size of the gypsum fine particles obtained when adding 500 ml of tap water at room temperature subjected to the electromagnetic field treatment and changing the applied current value was measured. The results are shown in FIG. 24, and it is understood that a current value of about 0.5 to 1.0 A is suitable for producing fine particles.
【００８２】実施例９ 転炉の排ガスの流路に設けられる集塵機の洗浄水（Ｆｅ
スラッジを含む）を図１に示す装置を用いて、前記ラボ
テスト方法に準じて実験を行った。Example 9 The cleaning water (Fe) of the dust collector provided in the exhaust gas flow path of the converter was used.
An experiment was conducted using the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 according to the lab test method.
【００８３】集塵機の洗浄水（集塵水）の性状と、処理
条件は次のとおりである。 集塵水 ｐＨ：７．２５、 温度：２２℃ 主成分：Ｆｅ粉 ＳＳ濃度：１５０００ｐｐｍ、 導電率：２５３μＳ/ｃｍ 処理条件 処理回数：１回 配管（塩化ビニル樹脂（ＶＰ）管）径：２５ｍｍ 流量：１．１ｍ3／ｈ、 流速：０．０５〜０．６ｍ／ｓ 電流値：０．０１〜１．０ＡThe properties of the cleaning water (dust collection water) of the dust collector and the processing conditions are as follows. Dust collection water pH: 7.25, Temperature: 22 ° C Main component: Fe powder SS concentration: 15000 ppm, Conductivity: 253 μS / cm Processing conditions: Number of treatments: once Pipe (vinyl chloride (VP) pipe) diameter: 25 mm Flow rate : 1.1 m 3 / h, Flow rate: 0.05 to 0.6 m / s Current value: 0.01 to 1.0 A
【００８４】ＳＳ濃度を１５０００、７５００、５００
０、２５００ｐｐｍに変化させるために、水道水を加
え、濃度調整し、前記処理条件で電磁界処理を施した。
得られた微粒子の粒径とＳＳ濃度との関係を図２５に示
すが、ＳＳ濃度は２５００ｐｐｍ程度に希釈することで
初めて微粒子が得られることが判明した。図２６に得ら
れた微粒子の顕微鏡写真（１目盛が７．５μｍ）は図２
６（ａ）に示すとおりであり、本発明の処理をしない集
塵水含有粒子の顕微鏡写真（図２６（ｂ））の粒子に比
べ微粒子になっていることが良く分かる。The SS concentration was 15,000, 7500, 500
To change the concentration to 0, 2500 ppm, tap water was added, the concentration was adjusted, and electromagnetic field treatment was performed under the above treatment conditions.
FIG. 25 shows the relationship between the particle size of the obtained fine particles and the SS concentration. It was found that the fine particles were obtained only by diluting the SS concentration to about 2500 ppm. FIG. 26 is a photomicrograph (7.5 μm on one scale) of the obtained fine particles in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 6 (a), it can be clearly seen that the dust-containing water-containing particles not subjected to the treatment of the present invention are finer than the particles in the micrograph (FIG. 26 (b)).
【００８５】また、粒径と電流値との関係を図２７に示
すが、０．２〜１．０Ａ程度の電流値で本発明の処理を
していない未処理の約５０μｍの粒径の微粒子が１．０
μｍ程度の粒子になった。FIG. 27 shows the relationship between the particle size and the current value. The untreated fine particles having a current value of about 0.2 to 1.0 A and having a particle size of about 50 μm which have not been treated according to the present invention. Is 1.0
The particles became about μm.
【００８６】流速を変化させたときの粒径を見ると図２
８に示すように、流速は０．４ｍ／ｓ以上にしないと微
粒子が得られないことが判明した。FIG. 2 shows the particle diameter when the flow velocity is changed.
As shown in FIG. 8, it was found that fine particles could not be obtained unless the flow rate was 0.4 m / s or more.
【００８７】また、本発明の電磁界処理の効果の残留性
（持続性）について調べた結果を示す。洗浄水（集塵
水）の性状と、処理条件は次のとおりである。 集塵水 ｐＨ：７．２５、 温度：２２℃ 主成分：Ｆｅ粉 ＳＳ濃度：２５００ｐｐｍ、 導電率：２５３μＳ/ｃｍ 処理条件 処理回数：１回 配管（塩化ビニル樹脂（ＶＰ）管）径：２５ｍｍ 流量：１．１ｍ3／ｈ、 流速：０．６ｍ／ｓ 電流値：０．４０ＡFurther, the results of examining the persistence (persistence) of the effect of the electromagnetic field treatment of the present invention are shown. The properties of the washing water (dust collection water) and the treatment conditions are as follows. Dust collection water pH: 7.25, Temperature: 22 ° C Main component: Fe powder SS concentration: 2500 ppm, Conductivity: 253 μS / cm Processing conditions Number of treatments: 1 time Pipe (vinyl chloride resin (VP) pipe) diameter: 25 mm Flow rate : 1.1 m 3 / h, Flow rate: 0.6 m / s Current value: 0.40 A
【００８８】図２９には、微粒子がフロック化した時の
粒径の時間的変化を示しているが、本発明の処理をして
いない粒径５０μｍのＳＳはそのままの粒径を保つが、
本発明の処理をした粒径が１０μｍのものは分散性を有
していたが、処理後の日数が増えると共にフロック径が
大きくなる傾向を示した。FIG. 29 shows the change over time of the particle size when the fine particles are flocculated. The SS having a particle size of 50 μm which has not been treated according to the present invention maintains the particle size as it is.
The particles having a particle diameter of 10 μm treated according to the present invention had dispersibility, but tended to increase the floc diameter as the number of days after the treatment increased.
【００８９】これは、前記ＳＳ成分が配管にスケールと
して付着していた場合には、本発明の処理の後に微粒子
となり配管壁面から剥離して分散状態にあるものが、フ
ロックとして沈降分離して配管内から除去し易くなるこ
とを示している。This is because when the SS component adheres to the pipe as a scale, it becomes fine particles after the treatment of the present invention and is separated from the pipe wall in a dispersed state. It indicates that it is easy to remove from inside.
【００９０】また、図３０（ａ）には本発明の電磁界処
理を施した洗浄水（集塵水）内の界面（装置壁面部の洗
浄水面付近、すなわち、気体、液体、固体の境界部付
近）近傍には微粒子濃度が希釈されていることが、図３
０（ｂ）の本発明の電磁界処理を施していない洗浄水
（集塵水）内の前記界面近傍の粒子の分散を示す写真と
比較して分かる。これは本発明の電磁界処理により微粒
子が固体境界部、気体の境界部で反発性が増加したこと
によるものと考えられる。FIG. 30 (a) shows the interface in the cleaning water (dust collection water) subjected to the electromagnetic field treatment of the present invention (near the cleaning water surface on the wall surface of the apparatus, ie, the boundary between gas, liquid and solid). 3) that the concentration of fine particles is diluted in the vicinity.
0 (b) can be seen in comparison with a photograph showing the dispersion of particles near the interface in cleaning water (dust collection water) not subjected to the electromagnetic field treatment of the present invention. This is presumably because the electromagnetic field treatment of the present invention increased the resilience of the fine particles at the solid boundary and the gas boundary.
【００９１】実施例９の作用を確認するために次の比較
例１の実験を行った。 比較例１ 実施例９で得られたＦｅ系のスケール試料５００ｍｌを
用いて、次の様な電界処理を実施した。In order to confirm the operation of Example 9, the following experiment of Comparative Example 1 was conducted. Comparative Example 1 Using 500 ml of the Fe-based scale sample obtained in Example 9, the following electric field treatment was performed.
【００９２】図３２に示すように、陰極と陽極間に電圧
１８Ｖ、ＤＣ電流０．７６Ａを用いて５分間、電気分解
を行い、還元雰囲気部分の液を採取して顕微鏡写真で観
察すると、図３３に示すように粒子は一部分散性を示す
が、界面付近の粒子が凝集（集合）性を示すことが分か
った。したがって、本発明の電磁界処理と電解処理とは
異なる作用が働いているものと考えられる。As shown in FIG. 32, electrolysis was carried out for 5 minutes using a voltage of 18 V and a DC current of 0.76 A between the cathode and the anode, and the liquid in the reducing atmosphere was collected and observed with a micrograph. As shown in FIG. 33, the particles partially showed dispersibility, but the particles near the interface showed aggregation (aggregation). Therefore, it is considered that the electromagnetic field treatment and the electrolytic treatment of the present invention work differently.
【００９３】実施例１０ シリカ製造業におけるシリカ母液循環水の配管内に付着
して形成されるシリカスケール０．５ｇに予め本発明の
電磁界処理を行った水道水（２２〜２５℃）５００ｍｌ
を加えて（１０００ｐｐｍ）、図１に示すラボテストを
行い、シリカスケールの微粒子化処理を行った。 Example 10 500 ml of tap water (22 to 25 ° C.) which had been subjected to the electromagnetic field treatment of the present invention in advance to 0.5 g of silica scale formed by adhering to a pipe of circulating water of a silica mother liquor in the silica manufacturing industry.
Was added (1000 ppm), the lab test shown in FIG. 1 was performed, and silica fine particle treatment was performed.
【００９４】得られたＳｉＯ2微粒子の粒径と電流値と
の関係を図３１に示すが、０．４〜０．９０Ａ程度の電
流値で本発明の処理をしていない未処理の約１００μｍ
の粒径のＳｉＯ2粒子が１０μｍ程度の粒子になった。FIG. 31 shows the relationship between the particle size of the obtained SiO 2 fine particles and the current value. The current value is about 0.4 to 0.90 A and the untreated about 100 μm
SiO 2 particles having a particle size of about 10 μm.
【００９５】[0095]
【発明の効果】本発明によれば、微粒子の製造ができ、
同時にその微粒子生成用の原料が壁面に付着している場
合は、それからの剥離が容易になる。According to the present invention, fine particles can be produced,
At the same time, if the raw material for generating the fine particles is attached to the wall surface, it is easy to peel off the raw material.
【００９６】また本発明の処理を行うことで、壁面への
スケール付着が防止できるので、パイプ等の設備の寿命
が延びるだけでなく、スケール除去等のメンテナンスが
不要あるいは低減できて、コストを大幅に低減すること
ができる。Further, by performing the treatment of the present invention, it is possible to prevent the scale from adhering to the wall surface, so that not only the life of the facilities such as pipes is prolonged, but also the maintenance such as removal of the scale can be eliminated or reduced, and the cost is greatly reduced. Can be reduced.
【図１】 本発明のラボテスト用の装置を示す図であ
る。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an apparatus for a laboratory test of the present invention.
【図２】 本発明の電界と磁界のモデルを示す図であ
る。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a model of an electric field and a magnetic field according to the present invention.
【図３】 本発明の電磁界を印加した場合の液の導電率
比と時間との関係を示す図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the conductivity ratio of a liquid and time when an electromagnetic field of the present invention is applied.
【図４】 本発明の電磁界を印加した液からの結晶化粒
子の結合モデルを示す図である。FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a coupling model of crystallized particles from a liquid to which an electromagnetic field according to the present invention is applied.
【図５】 本発明の実施例１の処理で得られた微粒子の
顕微鏡写真（図面の代用）である。FIG. 5 is a micrograph (substituting for a drawing) of the fine particles obtained by the treatment in Example 1 of the present invention.
【図６】 本発明の実施例１の処理で得られた微粒子の
粒径と電流値の関係を示す図である。FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between the particle size of the fine particles obtained by the treatment of Example 1 of the present invention and the current value.
【図７】 本発明の実施例２の処理で得られた微粒子の
粒径と電流値の関係を示す図である。FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the relationship between the particle size of fine particles and the current value obtained by the treatment of Example 2 of the present invention.
【図８】 本発明の実施例２の処理済みと未処理の微粒
子の顕微鏡写真（図面の代用）である。FIG. 8 is a micrograph (substitute for a drawing) of treated and untreated fine particles of Example 2 of the present invention.
【図９】 本発明の実施例３の処理で得られた微粒子の
粒径と電流値の関係を示す図である。FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the relationship between the particle size of the fine particles obtained by the treatment of Example 3 of the present invention and the current value.
【図１０】 本発明の実施例３の処理済みと未処理の微
粒子の顕微鏡写真（図面の代用）である。FIG. 10 is a micrograph (substitute for a drawing) of treated and untreated fine particles of Example 3 of the present invention.
【図１２】 本発明の実施例５の処理で得られた微粒子
の粒径と電流値の関係を示す図である。FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the relationship between the particle size of fine particles and the current value obtained by the treatment of Example 5 of the present invention.
【図１３】 本発明の実施例５の処理済みと未処理の微
粒子の顕微鏡写真（図面の代用）である。FIG. 13 is micrographs (substitute for drawings) of treated and untreated fine particles of Example 5 of the present invention.
【図１４】 本発明の実施例６の処理で得られた微粒子
の粒径と電流値の関係を示す図である。FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the relationship between the particle size of the fine particles obtained by the treatment of Example 6 of the present invention and the current value.
【図１５】 本発明の実施例６の処理で得られた微粒子
の顕微鏡写真（図面の代用）である。FIG. 15 is a micrograph (substituting for a drawing) of fine particles obtained by the treatment in Example 6 of the present invention.
【図１６】 本発明の実施例６の未処理の微粒子の顕微
鏡写真（図面の代用）である。FIG. 16 is a micrograph (substituting for a drawing) of untreated fine particles of Example 6 of the present invention.
【図１７】 本発明の実施例７の処理で得られた微粒子
の粒径と電流値の関係を示す図である。FIG. 17 is a diagram showing the relationship between the particle size of the fine particles obtained by the treatment of Example 7 of the present invention and the current value.
【図１８】 本発明の実施例７の処理済みと未処理の微
粒子の顕微鏡写真（図面の代用）である。FIG. 18 is a micrograph (substitute for a drawing) of treated and untreated fine particles of Example 7 of the present invention.
【図１９】 本発明の実施例７の処理回数が１回と２回
とで得られた微粒子の顕微鏡写真（図面の代用）であ
る。FIG. 19 is a micrograph (substitute for a drawing) of fine particles obtained in Example 7 of the present invention when the number of treatments is one and two.
【図２０】 本発明の実施例８の予め電磁界処理した水
を用いて微粒子を製造する（スケールを除去する）装置
を示す図である。FIG. 20 is a view showing an apparatus for producing fine particles (removing scale) using water which has been subjected to electromagnetic field treatment in advance according to Example 8 of the present invention.
【図２１】 本発明の実施例８の予め電磁界処理した水
を用いて微粒子を製造する（スケールを除去する）場合
の粒径と処理日数の関係を示す図である。FIG. 21 is a diagram showing the relationship between the particle size and the number of treatment days in the case of producing fine particles (removing scale) using water previously subjected to an electromagnetic field treatment in Example 8 of the present invention.
【図２２】 本発明の実施例８の処理で得られた微粒子
の顕微鏡写真（図面の代用）である。FIG. 22 is a micrograph (substituting for a drawing) of fine particles obtained by the treatment in Example 8 of the present invention.
【図２３】 本発明の実施例８の予め電磁界処理した水
を用いてスケールを処理する際のスケール濃度と処理さ
れた後の粒径との関係を示す図である。FIG. 23 is a diagram showing the relationship between the scale concentration and the particle size after the treatment when treating the scale using water subjected to electromagnetic field treatment in advance in Example 8 of the present invention.
【図２４】 本発明の実施例８の処理で得られた微粒子
の粒径と電流値の関係を示す図である。FIG. 24 is a diagram showing the relationship between the particle size of the fine particles obtained by the treatment of Example 8 of the present invention and the current value.
【図２５】 本発明の実施例９の微粒子の粒径とＳＳ濃
度の関係を示す図である。FIG. 25 is a diagram showing the relationship between the particle size of fine particles and SS concentration in Example 9 of the present invention.
【図２６】 本発明の実施例９の処理済みと未処理の微
粒子の顕微鏡写真（図面の代用）である。FIG. 26 is a micrograph (substitute for a drawing) of treated and untreated fine particles of Example 9 of the present invention.
【図２７】 本発明の実施例９の処理で得られて微粒子
の粒径と電流値の関係を示す図である。FIG. 27 is a diagram showing the relationship between the particle size of fine particles and the current value obtained by the processing of Example 9 of the present invention.
【図２８】 本発明の実施例９の処理で得られた微粒子
の粒径と流速との関係を示す図である。FIG. 28 is a view showing the relationship between the particle diameter of fine particles obtained by the treatment in Example 9 of the present invention and the flow velocity.
【図２９】 本発明の実施例９で処理した後の微粒子の
フロック化の傾向を未処理の微粒子と比較して示す図で
ある。FIG. 29 is a diagram showing the tendency of fine particles to floc after treatment in Example 9 of the present invention, in comparison with untreated fine particles.
【図２６】 本発明の実施例９の処理済みと未処理の微
粒子の顕微鏡写真（図面の代用）である。FIG. 26 is a micrograph (substitute for a drawing) of treated and untreated fine particles of Example 9 of the present invention.
【図３１】 本発明の実施例１０の処理で得られて微粒
子の粒径と電流値の関係を示す図である。FIG. 31 is a diagram showing the relationship between the particle size of fine particles and the current value obtained by the treatment in Example 10 of the present invention.
【図３２】 Ｆｅスケールを含む液を電気分解処理する
装置の図である。FIG. 32 is a diagram of an apparatus for electrolyzing a liquid containing Fe scale.
【図３３】 Ｆｅスケールを含む液を電気分解処理で得
られる微粒子の顕微鏡写真（図面の代用）である。FIG. 33 is a micrograph (substitute for a drawing) of fine particles obtained by subjecting a solution containing Fe scale to electrolysis.
１ 液体流路配管 ２ コイル ３ 電源装置 １１ ポリタンク １２ 水道
水 １３ ポンプ １４ 配管 １５ 電源装置 １６ コイ
ル １７ 石膏スケールDESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Liquid flow pipe 2 Coil 3 Power supply 11 Poly tank 12 Tap water 13 Pump 14 Piping 15 Power supply 16 Coil 17 Gypsum scale
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【手続補正書】[Procedure amendment]
【提出日】平成１０年１２月２日[Submission date] December 2, 1998
【手続補正１】[Procedure amendment 1]
【補正対象書類名】明細書[Document name to be amended] Statement
【補正対象項目名】図面の簡単な説明[Correction target item name] Brief description of drawings
【補正方法】変更[Correction method] Change
【補正内容】[Correction contents]
【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]
【図１】 本発明のラボテスト用の装置を示す図であ
る。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an apparatus for a laboratory test of the present invention.
【図２】 本発明の電界と磁界のモデルを示す図であ
る。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a model of an electric field and a magnetic field according to the present invention.
【図３】 本発明の電磁界を印加した場合の液の導電率
比と時間との関係を示す図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the conductivity ratio of a liquid and time when an electromagnetic field of the present invention is applied.
【図４】 本発明の電磁界を印加した液からの結晶化粒
子の結合モデルを示す図である。FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a coupling model of crystallized particles from a liquid to which an electromagnetic field according to the present invention is applied.
【図５】 本発明の実施例１の処理で得られた微粒子の
顕微鏡写真（図面の代用）である。FIG. 5 is a micrograph (substituting for a drawing) of the fine particles obtained by the treatment in Example 1 of the present invention.
【図６】 本発明の実施例１の処理で得られた微粒子の
粒径と電流値の関係を示す図である。FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between the particle size of the fine particles obtained by the treatment of Example 1 of the present invention and the current value.
【図７】 本発明の実施例２の処理で得られた微粒子の
粒径と電流値の関係を示す図である。FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the relationship between the particle size of fine particles and the current value obtained by the treatment of Example 2 of the present invention.
【図８】 本発明の実施例２の処理済みと未処理の微粒
子の顕微鏡写真（図面の代用）である。FIG. 8 is a micrograph (substitute for a drawing) of treated and untreated fine particles of Example 2 of the present invention.
【図９】 本発明の実施例３の処理で得られた微粒子の
粒径と電流値の関係を示す図である。FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the relationship between the particle size of the fine particles obtained by the treatment of Example 3 of the present invention and the current value.
【図１０】 本発明の実施例３の処理済みと未処理の微
粒子の顕微鏡写真（図面の代用）である。FIG. 10 is a micrograph (substitute for a drawing) of treated and untreated fine particles of Example 3 of the present invention.
【図１１】 本発明の実施例４の処理済みと未処理の微
粒子の顕微鏡写真（図面の代用）である。FIG. 11 is a micrograph (substitute for a drawing) of treated and untreated fine particles of Example 4 of the present invention.
【図１２】 本発明の実施例５の処理で得られた微粒子
の粒径と電流値の関係を示す図である。FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the relationship between the particle size of fine particles and the current value obtained by the treatment of Example 5 of the present invention.
【図１３】 本発明の実施例５の処理済みと未処理の微
粒子の顕微鏡写真（図面の代用）である。FIG. 13 is micrographs (substitute for drawings) of treated and untreated fine particles of Example 5 of the present invention.
【図１４】 本発明の実施例６の処理で得られた微粒子
の粒径と電流値の関係を示す図である。FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the relationship between the particle size of the fine particles obtained by the treatment of Example 6 of the present invention and the current value.
【図１５】 本発明の実施例６の処理で得られた微粒子
の顕微鏡写真（図面の代用）である。FIG. 15 is a micrograph (substituting for a drawing) of fine particles obtained by the treatment in Example 6 of the present invention.
【図１６】 本発明の実施例６の未処理の微粒子の顕微
鏡写真（図面の代用）である。FIG. 16 is a micrograph (substituting for a drawing) of untreated fine particles of Example 6 of the present invention.
【図１７】 本発明の実施例７の処理で得られた微粒子
の粒径と電流値の関係を示す図である。FIG. 17 is a diagram showing the relationship between the particle size of the fine particles obtained by the treatment of Example 7 of the present invention and the current value.
【図１８】 本発明の実施例７の処理済みと未処理の微
粒子の顕微鏡写真（図面の代用）である。FIG. 18 is a micrograph (substitute for a drawing) of treated and untreated fine particles of Example 7 of the present invention.
【図１９】 本発明の実施例７の処理回数が１回と２回
とで得られた微粒子の顕微鏡写真（図面の代用）であ
る。FIG. 19 is a micrograph (substitute for a drawing) of fine particles obtained in Example 7 of the present invention when the number of treatments is one and two.
【図２０】 本発明の実施例８の予め電磁界処理した水
を用いて微粒子を製造する（スケールを除去する）装置
を示す図である。FIG. 20 is a view showing an apparatus for producing fine particles (removing scale) using water which has been subjected to electromagnetic field treatment in advance according to Example 8 of the present invention.
【図２１】 本発明の実施例８の予め電磁界処理した水
を用いて微粒子を製造する（スケールを除去する）場合
の粒径と処理日数の関係を示す図である。FIG. 21 is a diagram showing the relationship between the particle size and the number of treatment days in the case of producing fine particles (removing scale) using water previously subjected to an electromagnetic field treatment in Example 8 of the present invention.
【図２２】 本発明の実施例８の処理で得られた微粒子
の顕微鏡写真（図面の代用）である。FIG. 22 is a micrograph (substituting for a drawing) of fine particles obtained by the treatment in Example 8 of the present invention.
【図２３】 本発明の実施例８の予め電磁界処理した水
を用いてスケールを処理する際のスケール濃度と処理さ
れた後の粒径との関係を示す図である。FIG. 23 is a diagram showing the relationship between the scale concentration and the particle size after the treatment when treating the scale using water subjected to electromagnetic field treatment in advance in Example 8 of the present invention.
【図２４】 本発明の実施例８の処理で得られた微粒子
の粒径と電流値の関係を示す図である。FIG. 24 is a diagram showing the relationship between the particle size of the fine particles obtained by the treatment of Example 8 of the present invention and the current value.
【図２５】 本発明の実施例９の微粒子の粒径とＳＳ濃
度の関係を示す図である。FIG. 25 is a diagram showing the relationship between the particle size of fine particles and SS concentration in Example 9 of the present invention.
【図２６】 本発明の実施例９の処理済みと未処理の微
粒子の顕微鏡写真（図面の代用）である。FIG. 26 is a micrograph (substitute for a drawing) of treated and untreated fine particles of Example 9 of the present invention.
【図２７】 本発明の実施例９の処理で得られて微粒子
の粒径と電流値の関係を示す図である。FIG. 27 is a diagram showing the relationship between the particle size of fine particles and the current value obtained by the processing of Example 9 of the present invention.
【図２８】 本発明の実施例９の処理で得られた微粒子
の粒径と流速との関係を示す図である。FIG. 28 is a view showing the relationship between the particle diameter of fine particles obtained by the treatment in Example 9 of the present invention and the flow velocity.
【図２９】 本発明の実施例９で処理した後の微粒子の
フロック化の傾向を未処理の微粒子と比較して示す図で
ある。FIG. 29 is a diagram showing the tendency of fine particles to floc after treatment in Example 9 of the present invention, in comparison with untreated fine particles.
【図３０】 本発明の実施例９の処理済みと未処理の微
粒子の顕微鏡写真（図面の代用）である。FIG. 30 is micrographs (substitute for drawings) of treated and untreated fine particles of Example 9 of the present invention.
【図３１】 本発明の実施例１０の処理で得られて微粒
子の粒径と電流値の関係を示す図である。FIG. 31 is a diagram showing the relationship between the particle size of fine particles and the current value obtained by the treatment in Example 10 of the present invention.
【図３２】 Ｆｅスケールを含む液を電気分解処理する
装置の図である。FIG. 32 is a diagram of an apparatus for electrolyzing a liquid containing Fe scale.
【図３３】 Ｆｅスケールを含む液を電気分解処理で得
られる微粒子の顕微鏡写真（図面の代用）である。FIG. 33 is a micrograph (substitute for a drawing) of fine particles obtained by subjecting a solution containing Fe scale to electrolysis.
【符号の説明】 １ 液体流路配管 ２ コイル ３ 電源装置 １１ ポリタンク １２ 水道
水 １３ ポンプ １４ 配管 １５ 電源装置 １６ コイ
ル １７ 石膏スケール[Description of Signs] 1 Liquid flow pipe 2 Coil 3 Power supply 11 Poly tank 12 Tap water 13 Pump 14 Piping 15 Power supply 16 Coil 17 Gypsum scale
Claims (5)
波数が時間的に変化する方形波の交流電流を流し、コイ
ルに流れる電流により誘起される電磁界により水溶液ま
たは水懸濁液中の微粒子生成用原料から微粒子を生成さ
せることを特徴とする微粒子の製造方法。1. A method for generating fine particles in an aqueous solution or aqueous suspension by applying an alternating current of a square wave whose frequency changes with time in a band of 20 Hz to 1 MHz to a coil and by an electromagnetic field induced by the current flowing through the coil. A method for producing fine particles, comprising generating fine particles from a raw material.
波数が時間的に変化する方形波の交流電流を流し、コイ
ル内の電流により誘起される電磁界により予め水を処理
し、当該処理済みの水を微粒子生成用原料または当該微
粒子生成用原料を含む水溶液または水懸濁液に加えて微
粒子を生成させることを特徴とする微粒子の製造方法。2. An AC current of a square wave whose frequency changes with time in a band of 20 Hz to 1 MHz is passed through a coil, and water is previously treated by an electromagnetic field induced by a current in the coil. A method for producing fine particles, which comprises adding fine particles to a raw material for generating fine particles or an aqueous solution or aqueous suspension containing the raw material for generating fine particles to generate fine particles.
は水懸濁液を流す流路と、 ２０Ｈｚ〜１ＭＨｚの帯域で周波数が時間的に変化する
方形波の交流電流を流す前記流路に巻き付けられたコイ
ルと、 当該コイル内に前記電流を流すための制御系統を備えた
電源装置とを備えたことを特徴とする微粒子の製造装
置。3. A flow path for flowing an aqueous solution or water suspension containing water, a raw material for producing fine particles, and a flow path for flowing an alternating current of a square wave whose frequency changes with time in a band of 20 Hz to 1 MHz. And a power supply device having a control system for flowing the current through the coil.
波数が時間的に変化する方形波の交流電流を流し、コイ
ル内の電流により誘起される電磁界により予め水を処理
し、当該処理済みの水をスケール生成用原料を含む水溶
液または水懸濁液に混合し、当該混合液から析出して前
記液に接する部材または当該液を収納する貯留装置の壁
面にスケールが付着することを防止または前記壁面に付
着したスケールを剥離することを特徴とするスケール除
去方法。4. An AC current of a square wave whose frequency changes with time in a band of 20 Hz to 1 MHz is passed through the coil, and water is previously treated by an electromagnetic field induced by a current in the coil. Is mixed with an aqueous solution or an aqueous suspension containing a raw material for scale generation, and scale is prevented from adhering to a wall surface of a member that is deposited from the mixed liquid and is in contact with the liquid or a storage device that stores the liquid or the wall surface. A scale removing method, comprising removing scale attached to a surface.
帯域で周波数が時間的に変化する方形波の交流電流を流
す前記流路に巻き付けられたコイルと、 当該コイル内に前記電流を流すための制御系統を備えた
電源装置と、 前記流路を出た電磁界処理水をスケール形成用原料また
は当該原料を含む液に接する部材または当該液を収納す
る貯留装置へ供給する装置とを備えたことを特徴とする
スケール除去装置。5. A flow path through which water flows, a coil wound around a flow path through which a square-wave alternating current whose frequency changes with time in a band of 20 Hz to 1 MHz flows, and the current flows through the coil. A power supply device having a control system for supplying the electromagnetically treated water flowing out of the flow passage to a raw material for scale formation or a member in contact with a liquid containing the raw material or a storage device for storing the liquid. A scale removing device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22862498A JPH11151437A (en) | 1997-07-29 | 1998-07-29 | Production of fine particulates and device therefore |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP21699097 | 1997-07-29 | ||
| JP9-216990 | 1997-07-29 | ||
| JP22862498A JPH11151437A (en) | 1997-07-29 | 1998-07-29 | Production of fine particulates and device therefore |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH11151437A true JPH11151437A (en) | 1999-06-08 |
Family
ID=26521751
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22862498A Pending JPH11151437A (en) | 1997-07-29 | 1998-07-29 | Production of fine particulates and device therefore |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH11151437A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7384560B2 (en) | 2002-02-26 | 2008-06-10 | K.U. Leuven Research & Development | Method for reducing the size of metallic compound particles |
| US7666307B2 (en) | 2003-08-26 | 2010-02-23 | K.U. Leuven Research & Development | Particle size reduction of bioactive compounds |
| WO2012090426A1 (en) * | 2010-12-27 | 2012-07-05 | コニカミノルタオプト株式会社 | Method of manufacturing a glass substrate for a hard disk |
| JP2013070019A (en) * | 2011-09-23 | 2013-04-18 | Asml Netherlands Bv | Radiation source |
| JP2013198836A (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2013-10-03 | Ihi Corp | Flue gas desulfurizer, and method for feeding desulfurization absorbent liquid to the desulfurizer |
-
1998
- 1998-07-29 JP JP22862498A patent/JPH11151437A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7384560B2 (en) | 2002-02-26 | 2008-06-10 | K.U. Leuven Research & Development | Method for reducing the size of metallic compound particles |
| US7666307B2 (en) | 2003-08-26 | 2010-02-23 | K.U. Leuven Research & Development | Particle size reduction of bioactive compounds |
| WO2012090426A1 (en) * | 2010-12-27 | 2012-07-05 | コニカミノルタオプト株式会社 | Method of manufacturing a glass substrate for a hard disk |
| JP2013070019A (en) * | 2011-09-23 | 2013-04-18 | Asml Netherlands Bv | Radiation source |
| JP2013198836A (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2013-10-03 | Ihi Corp | Flue gas desulfurizer, and method for feeding desulfurization absorbent liquid to the desulfurizer |
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