JPH11147190A - Method and control device for laser welding - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a laser welding method and laser welding control device with which a welding wire feeding speed is automatically set by operating a laser parameter. SOLUTION: Laser welding is performed under machining conditions automatically set for various kinds of welding, as a material sending speed and a wire feeding speed are operated with a control device 1 for laser beam welding and a material sending device 17 and a wire feeder 15 is controlled with the control device 1, when a pulse shape, groove shape and kind of a wire are decided by a workman and they are inputted into the control device 1 for laser beam welding.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a laser welding method and a laser welding control device, and more particularly to a laser welding method and a laser welding control device corresponding to various processing conditions.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In conventional laser welding, a laser output, a processing point feed speed, a welding wire feed speed, and the like are individually set.

[0003]

However, in such a conventional technique, when the laser output is changed, it is actually necessary to change other parameters, but this is required as know-how of each company or worker. Therefore, there is a problem that the quality of laser welding is influenced by the ability of an operator.

[0004] In particular, there is a problem that incorrect setting of the welding wire feed speed causes a defective wire embossing and a jamming of the wire.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to pay attention to the above-mentioned prior art, and a laser welding method and a laser welding control apparatus capable of automatically setting a welding wire feed speed by operating laser parameters. Is to provide.

[0006]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a laser welding method comprising the steps of: supplying a laser beam emitted from a laser oscillator based on a pulse signal from a wire feeder; In a laser welding method for performing welding on a workpiece moved and positioned by a material feeder using a welding wire to be formed, when parameters such as the pulse shape of the pulse signal, the shape of the welding joint, and the type of welding wire are input, The welding control device calculates the material feed speed and the wire feed speed based on the parameters, controls the material feed device at the material feed speed obtained by the calculation, and controls the material feed device at the wire feed speed obtained by the calculation. Controlling the wire feeding device.

Therefore, if the operator determines the pulse shape, the joint shape, and the wire type and inputs them to the laser welding control device, the laser welding control device calculates and calculates the material feed speed and the wire feed speed. Since the material feeding device and the wire feeding device are controlled, laser welding is performed by automatically setting various processing conditions for welding.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a laser welding control apparatus which moves by a material feeder using a welding wire supplied from a wire feeder by a laser beam oscillated from a laser oscillator based on a pulse signal. A laser welding control device for performing control to perform welding on a workpiece to be positioned; input means for inputting parameters such as a pulse shape of the pulse signal, a shape of a welding joint, and a type of a welding wire; and a material based on the parameters. A calculation unit for calculating the feed speed and the wire feed speed; and a command for the material feed speed obtained by the calculation unit to the material feed device and a command for the wire feed speed obtained by the calculation unit to the wire feed device. And a command unit for performing the command.

Therefore, when the operator inputs the pulse shape, the joint shape, and the wire type from the input means of the control device for laser welding, the calculation unit calculates the material feed speed and the wire feed speed based on the input parameters. Ask
The command unit instructs the obtained material feed speed to the material feeder and the obtained wire feed speed to the wire feeder to automatically set various welding processing conditions and perform laser welding.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a laser welding control device 1 and a laser processing machine 3 according to the present invention. In addition,
Since the main body of the laser beam machine 3 is well known in the related art, detailed description and illustration are omitted.

In the laser processing machine 3, a laser oscillator 7 for oscillating a laser beam LB is connected to a laser processing head 5 for performing laser processing, and a laser beam is emitted from a nozzle 9 provided at the tip of the laser processing head 5. The work W is irradiated with LB.

A wire feed guide 11 is provided in the vicinity of the nozzle 9. A welding wire 13 used for welding is supplied from a wire feeder 15 to the nozzle 9.
Is guided downward.

On the other hand, the workpiece W to be welded is a material feeder 1
7 and is positioned relative to the laser processing head 5. Thereafter, the laser processing head 5 moves in the vertical direction and is provided at the tip of the laser processing head 5 to perform welding while maintaining a predetermined interval between the nozzle 9 and the work W.

In the laser welding control device 1, an input means 21 such as a keyboard for inputting various parameters and the like is input to a CPU 19 as a central processing unit.
Output means 23 such as a CRT for displaying various data and the like is connected.

The CPU 19 has a memory 2 for storing input parameters, a joint coefficient J described later, and the like.
5, an operation unit 27 for performing various operations described later, the laser oscillator 7, the wire feeder 15, and the material feeder 1 described above.
A command unit 29 for sending a command to 7 or the like is provided.

Next, with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3, the processing in the above-described welding control device 1 will be described.

In FIG. 2, Pp indicates peak power, Pw indicates pulse width, T indicates pulse period, and E indicates pulse energy. Pp and Pw are input from the input means 21 and stored in the memory 25. Here, as is clear from FIG. 2, the laser average output W is as follows: W = E * 1 / T (1) The joint coefficient is indicated by J, 1.0 for a flat joint, 0.7 for a square joint, and 1.5 for a fillet joint. The joint coefficient J is also stored in the memory 25. The nozzle height is indicated by H.

In laser welding, parameters such as the pulse period T and the pulse energy E need to be determined, and the calculation unit 27 determines them as follows.

[0020] First, to determine the pulse energy E to pull the peak power P _P and the pulse width P _W from the memory 25. E = W * T. Here, assuming that the nozzle shape, the shield gas flow rate, and the shield gas type are fixed and the joint coefficient is J and the nozzle height is H, the shield limit output W _S is: W _S = J * (A · H + B) 2) given by However, 5 ≦ H ≦ 10. A and B are determined empirically from actual examples, in particular, by the type and shape of the nozzle. For example, A = −6 and B = 200 are provided.

From the above equations (1) and (2), E / T
= W _{S next, T = E / W S ......} (3) is required. In general, in laser pulse welding, it is desirable that ν * T / (60 * df) ≒ 0.3 to 0.4 (4) be satisfied. Here, ν indicates the welding speed (mm / min), and df indicates the laser spot diameter.

In the equation (4), since the df is determined by the optical diameter, it can be obtained by the following equation: ν ≒ 0.3 to 0.4 * 60 * df / T (5)

When T is obtained from equation (3), the wire speed νw can be obtained from the following equation: ν _W = m√ (E / ε) / T (mm / sec) (6) Here, m is a wire melting coefficient, and ε is a required energy value. Depending on the type of the welding wire 13, m and ε can use values as shown in FIG. 3, for example.

Therefore, when the characteristics of the wire feeder 15 are calculated, the required motor control voltage can be obtained by the following equation. That is, V ≒ (ν _W * 60−L) / C (7) For example, if L30 and C = 269.23, V ≒ (νw
* 60-30) /269.23.
Here, L indicates the minimum feed speed, and C indicates the linearity between the voltage and the feed speed.

From the above results, the operator can determine the pulse shape,
When the joint shape and the wire type are determined and input to the laser welding controller 1, the laser welding controller 1 calculates and calculates the material feed speed and the wire feed speed, and the material feed device 17 and the wire feed device 15 are calculated. , Laser processing can be performed by automatically setting various processing conditions for welding. In addition, processing of the same quality can be performed for an output change during processing.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but can be embodied in other modes by making appropriate changes.

[0027]

As described above, in the laser welding method according to the first aspect of the present invention, if the operator determines the pulse shape, the joint shape, and the wire type and inputs them to the laser welding control device, the laser welding is performed. Since the controller for the operation calculates and calculates the material feeding speed and the wire feeding speed and controls the material feeding device and the wire feeding device, laser welding can be performed by automatically setting various processing conditions for welding. In addition, processing of the same quality can be performed for an output change during processing.

In the laser welding control device according to the second aspect of the present invention, when the operator inputs the pulse shape, the joint shape, and the wire type from the input means of the laser welding control device, the operation is performed based on the input parameters. The unit calculates and calculates the material feed speed and the wire feed speed, and the command unit instructs the obtained material feed speed to the material feed device and instructs the obtained wire feed speed to the wire feed device. Laser welding can be performed by automatically setting processing conditions for welding.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a laser welding control device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing a pulse signal for controlling a laser oscillator.

FIG. 3 is a table showing an example of a wire welding coefficient, required energy, and the like according to a type of a wire.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Control device for laser welding 7 Laser oscillator 13 Welding wire 15 Wire feeding device 17 Material feeding device 21 Input means 27 Operation unit 29 Command unit W Work LB Laser beam

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A laser beam, which is welded to a workpiece moved and positioned by a material feeder using a welding wire supplied from a wire feeder using a laser beam oscillated from a laser oscillator based on a pulse signal. In the method, when parameters such as the pulse shape of the pulse signal, the shape of the weld joint, and the type of the welding wire are input, the control device for laser welding calculates the material feed speed and the wire feed speed based on the parameters, and While controlling the material feeding device with the obtained material feeding speed,
A laser welding method, wherein the wire feeder is controlled at a wire feed speed obtained by calculation. 2. A control for performing welding on a workpiece moved and positioned by a material feeder by using a welding wire supplied from a wire feeder using a laser beam oscillated from a laser oscillator based on a pulse signal. Input means for inputting parameters such as the pulse shape of the pulse signal, the shape of the welding joint, and the type of welding wire, and a calculation unit for calculating a material feed speed and a wire feed speed based on the parameters. And a command unit for instructing the material feeding device obtained by the calculating unit to the material feeding device and for instructing the wire feeding device obtained by the calculating unit to the wire feeding speed. Characteristic laser welding control device.