JPH11138476A - Robot controlling device - Google Patents

Robot controlling device

Info

Publication number
JPH11138476A
JPH11138476A JP31177797A JP31177797A JPH11138476A JP H11138476 A JPH11138476 A JP H11138476A JP 31177797 A JP31177797 A JP 31177797A JP 31177797 A JP31177797 A JP 31177797A JP H11138476 A JPH11138476 A JP H11138476A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
target point
point
target
command
robot
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
JP31177797A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Nobuhito Mori
宣仁 森
Norihiko Kawashima
伯彦 川島
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Meidensha Corp
Meidensha Electric Manufacturing Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Meidensha Corp
Meidensha Electric Manufacturing Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Meidensha Corp, Meidensha Electric Manufacturing Co Ltd filed Critical Meidensha Corp
Priority to JP31177797A priority Critical patent/JPH11138476A/en
Publication of JPH11138476A publication Critical patent/JPH11138476A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To sequentially vary a target point and secure smooth copying operation in a robot which can copy the movement of a work according to the taught position, by determining reaching the taught target point when it is not actually passed, in the case that a certain condition is effected. SOLUTION: Execution of an interpolation computation processing part 2 of a robot controller is performed as follows: it is determined whether a target point is got or not by a step completion determination part S4, and when the answer is YES, reaching the target point is notified to a command reading part S1 in order to read the next target position. The command reading part S1 reads the next command. A command analyzing part S2 analyzes the command, and renew the target position. A trajectory calculation part S3 performs interpolation computation in respect to the target position, and calculates the trajectory. When a certain condition is effected, passing of a teaching point is determined even in the case that the point is not actually passed, in respect to the determination of reaching the target point by the step completion determination part S4.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【0001】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、ロボットの制御装
置に関する。詳しくは、ワークに倣って動作することの
できるロボットにおいて、教示された目標点を通過した
かどうかを判断することができるものである。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a control device for a robot. Specifically, in a robot capable of following a workpiece, it is possible to determine whether or not the robot has passed a taught target point.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】現在のロボットの多くは、ティーチング
プレイバック方式で、教示された点を通るように制御さ
れている。ところが、ワークに倣って動作することので
きるロボットでは、必ずしも教示点を通過するとは限ら
ない。むしろ教示点を通過しないことの方が多い。例え
ば、図8に示すように教示点A,B,Cがあり、ワーク
に倣ってロボットを動作すると、図中に破線で示したよ
うに倣った軌道上に教示点A,B,Cはない。
2. Description of the Related Art Many current robots are controlled to pass through a point taught by a teaching playback method. However, a robot that can follow a workpiece does not always pass through a teaching point. Rather, they often do not pass through the teaching point. For example, as shown in FIG. 8, there are teaching points A, B, and C, and when the robot is operated following the workpiece, there are no teaching points A, B, and C on the trajectory following the dashed line in the figure. .

【0003】[0003]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、ロボットコン
トローラは、動作軌道を生成するための補間演算処理で
は、目標点をBからCへ変更しなければならない。この
とき目標点の変更をいつ行うかが問題になる。本発明
は、実際には教示点を通過しないときでも、ある一定の
条件を満足したときには、教示点を通過したとみなす手
段を提供することを目的とする。
However, the robot controller must change the target point from B to C in the interpolation calculation processing for generating the motion trajectory. At this time, it becomes a problem when the target point is changed. An object of the present invention is to provide a means for determining that a teaching point has been passed when a certain condition is satisfied, even when the teaching point is not actually passed.

【0004】[0004]

【課題を解決するための手段】斯かる目的を達成する本
発明の構成は、教示された位置に従って、ワークに倣っ
て動作することができるロボットにおいて、ある一定条
件を満足したときには、教示された目標位置を通過しな
くても目標点に到達したと判断することを特徴とする。
According to a configuration of the present invention to achieve the above object, a robot capable of following a workpiece in accordance with a taught position when a certain condition is satisfied is satisfied. It is characterized in that it is determined that the vehicle has reached the target point without passing through the target position.

【0005】[0005]

【発明の実施の形態】本発明の実施の態様に係るロボッ
トコントローラ処理フローを図7に示す。同図に示すよ
うに、ロボットコントローラは、ロボットプログラム
1、補間演算処理部2、サーボ演算部3及びサーボドラ
イバ4よりなる。補間演算処理部は、命令読み込み部S
1、命令解析部S2、軌道計算部S3、ステップ終了判
定部S4からなる。
FIG. 7 shows a processing flow of a robot controller according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the robot controller includes a robot program 1, an interpolation operation processing unit 2, a servo operation unit 3, and a servo driver 4. The interpolation calculation processing unit includes an instruction reading unit S
1. It comprises a command analysis unit S2, a trajectory calculation unit S3, and a step end determination unit S4.

【0006】ステップ終了判定部S4は、目標点に到達
したかどうかを判定する処理である。ステップ終了判定
部S4では、ステップ終了と判定したら次の目標位置を
読み込むために、命令読み込み処理部S1に対して目標
点に到達したことを知らせる。
[0006] The step end determination unit S4 is a process for determining whether or not the target point has been reached. When the step end determination unit S4 determines that the step has ended, the instruction read processing unit S1 is notified of the arrival at the target point in order to read the next target position.

【0007】命令読み込み部S1は、ステップの終了を
うけて次の命令を読み込む。命令解析処理S2は、この
命令を解析し、目標位置を更新する。軌道計算部S3で
は目標位置に対して補間演算を行い、軌道計算する。以
下に、ステップ終了判定部S4における、目標点に到達
したかどうかの判定方法を挙げる。
The instruction reading unit S1 reads the next instruction after the end of the step. The command analysis processing S2 analyzes this command and updates the target position. The trajectory calculation unit S3 performs an interpolation operation on the target position to calculate the trajectory. Hereinafter, a method of determining whether or not the target point has been reached by the step end determination unit S4 will be described.

【0008】(1)目標点までの距離を計算する方法 現在位置P(n)から目標点Oまでの距離をl(n)と
するとき、l(n)が閾値lthよりも小さくなったとき
に、目標点に達したと判定する。距離はl(n)は下式
(1)で計算される。 l(n)={(x0−xn2+(y0−yn2+(z0−zn21/2 …(1) 但し、P(n)=(xn,yn,zn),O=(x0
0,z0)である。これは、図1に示すように、目標点
を中心として半径lthの球内に入ったかどうかを判定し
ている。
(1) Method for Calculating the Distance to the Target Point When the distance from the current position P (n) to the target point O is l (n), l (n) is smaller than the threshold l th . Sometimes, it is determined that the target point has been reached. The distance l (n) is calculated by the following equation (1). l (n) = {(x 0 −x n ) 2 + (y 0 −y n ) 2 + (z 0 −z n ) 2 } 1/2 (1) where P (n) = (x n , Y n , z n ), O = (x 0 ,
y 0 , z 0 ). That is, as shown in FIG. 1, it is determined whether or not the vehicle has entered a sphere having a radius l th around the target point.

【0009】(2)距離関数の極小を計算する方法 現在位置から目標点までの距離をl(n)とし、前回位
置の目標点までの距離をl(n−1)とする。目標点ま
での距離はl(n)は下式(2)で計算される。 l(n)={(x0−xn2+(y0−yn2+(z0−zn21/2 …(2) 但し、P(n)=(xn,yn,zn),O=(x0
0,z0)である。 通常、目標点に近づいている場合
はl(n)<l(n−1)となる。そこで、目標点まで
の距離l(n)の変化を監視し、l(n)≦l(n−
1)の状態からl(n)>l(n−1)となったとき目
標点を通過したと判定する。つまり、図2に示すよう
に、距離関数l(n)が極小になったところを目標点と
判断する。
(2) Method of calculating the minimum of the distance function Let the distance from the current position to the target point be l (n) and the distance from the previous position to the target point be l (n-1). The distance l (n) to the target point is calculated by the following equation (2). l (n) = {(x 0 −x n ) 2 + (y 0 −y n ) 2 + (z 0 −z n ) 2 } 1/2 (2) where P (n) = (x n , Y n , z n ), O = (x 0 ,
y 0 , z 0 ). Normally, when approaching the target point, l (n) <l (n-1). Therefore, a change in the distance l (n) to the target point is monitored, and l (n) ≦ l (n−
When l (n)> l (n-1) from the state of 1), it is determined that the vehicle has passed the target point. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the point where the distance function l (n) becomes minimum is determined as the target point.

【0010】(3)進行方向ベクトルと、目標点へのベク
トルとの関係により求める方法 現在位置P(n)、前回位置P(n−1)とするとき、
進行方向ベクトルを[P(n)−P(n−1)]で定義
する。また目標点をOとする。現在位置から目標点への
ベクトルは[O−P(n)]である。これら2つのベク
トルのなす角度が閾値θthを越えたら目標点に到達した
と判定する。即ち、図3に示すように、進行方向ベクト
ルと目標点とのベクトルのなす角度が90度近い値なら
ば目標点に達したと考えることができる。閾値θthは9
0度あたりの値を設定する。二つのベクトルのなす角θ
を、下式(3)で計算し、θ>θthのときに目標点に到
達したものと判定するのである。 θ=arccos[(a・d+b・e+c・f)/{(a−d)2+(b−e)2+( c−f)21/2 ] …(3) 但し、[P(n)−P(n−1)]=(a,b,c)、
[O−P(n)]=(d,e,f)である。また、l
(n)を求める際に移動平均を採用すると、誤差の影響
を小さくでき安定した判定が可能になる。動作速度v
[mm/sec]、補間周期TH[sec]、サンプリ
ングに必要な移動距離L[mm]としたとき、サンプリ
ング回数N[回]は、N=L/v・THとなる。そこ
で、距離の移動平均l(n)’は、下式(4)で求めら
れる。 l(n)’=Σl(i)/N …(4) 但し、総和は、i=n−N+1からi=nまで行う。
(3) Method of obtaining from the relationship between the traveling direction vector and the vector to the target point When the current position is P (n) and the previous position is P (n-1),
The traveling direction vector is defined as [P (n) -P (n-1)]. The target point is set to O. The vector from the current position to the target point is [OP (n)]. If the angle between these two vectors exceeds the threshold value θth , it is determined that the target point has been reached. That is, as shown in FIG. 3, if the angle formed by the vector between the traveling direction vector and the target point is close to 90 degrees, it can be considered that the target point has been reached. The threshold θ th is 9
Set a value around 0 degrees. Angle θ between two vectors
Is calculated by the following equation (3), and it is determined that the target point has been reached when θ> θth . θ = arccos [(ad + be + cef) / {(ad) 2 + (be) 2 + (cf) 2 } 1/2 ] (3) where [P (n ) -P (n-1)] = (a, b, c),
[OP (n)] = (d, e, f). Also, l
If a moving average is adopted in obtaining (n), the influence of an error can be reduced and stable determination can be made. Operating speed v
[Mm / sec], interpolation period T H [sec], when the moving distance L [mm] required for sampling, the sampling number N [times] becomes N = L / v · T H . Therefore, the moving average l (n) ′ of the distance is obtained by the following equation (4). l (n) ′ = Σl (i) / N (4) where the summation is performed from i = n−N + 1 to i = n.

【0011】(4)仮想目標点を設定する方法 現在位置P(n),前回位置P(n−1)とするとき、
進行方向ベクトルを[P(n)−P(n−1)]で定義
する。図4のように進行方向直線上に目標点から下ろし
た垂線の足を、仮想目標点VOとする。この仮想目標点
VOを通過したら目標点に達したものとする。進行方向
ベクトルは、補間演算の度に変わるので仮想目標点も補
間演算毎に計算し直す。
(4) Method of Setting Virtual Target Point When the current position P (n) and the previous position P (n-1) are set,
The traveling direction vector is defined as [P (n) -P (n-1)]. As shown in FIG. 4, a leg of a perpendicular line lowered from the target point on the straight line in the traveling direction is defined as a virtual target point VO. It is assumed that the vehicle has reached the target point when passing through the virtual target point VO. Since the traveling direction vector changes each time the interpolation operation is performed, the virtual target point is calculated again for each interpolation operation.

【0012】(5)目標平面の通過を計算する方法 図5に示すように教示点Aから教示点Bへのベクトルを
ABとし、点Bでの姿勢ベクトルをABとする。PAB
Bとの外積をNとする。N=PAB×ABである。NとA
Bとを含む平面を目標平面とし、この平面を通過したら
目標点に到達したものとする。
(5) Method of Calculating Passing Through Target Plane As shown in FIG. 5, a vector from teaching point A to teaching point B is P AB, and a posture vector at point B is A B. Let N be the cross product of P AB and A B. N = a P AB × A B. N and A
It is assumed that a plane including B is a target plane, and that the target point has been reached after passing through this plane.

【0013】(6)目標平面の通過を計算する方法 図6に示すように教示点Aから教示点Bへのベクトルを
ABとし、点Bでの姿勢ベクトルをABとする。PAB
Bとの外積をNとする。N=PAB×ABである。M=N
×PABなるベクトルMを求め、MとNとを含む平面を目
標平面とし、この平面を通過したら目標点に到達したも
のとする。
(6) Method of Calculating Passage Through Target Plane As shown in FIG. 6, a vector from teaching point A to teaching point B is P AB, and a posture vector at point B is A B. Let N be the cross product of P AB and A B. N = a P AB × A B. M = N
A vector M of × P AB is obtained, a plane including M and N is set as a target plane, and it is assumed that a target point has been reached after passing through this plane.

【0014】(7) (1)と(2)のANDで判定 現在位置P(n)から目標点Oまでの距離をl(n)
が、閾値lthよりも小さく、且つ、距離関数l(n)の
変化が減少から増加に転じたときに目標点に到達したも
のと判定する。
(7) Judgment by AND of (1) and (2) The distance from the current position P (n) to the target point O is l (n)
Is smaller than the threshold l th and it is determined that the target point has been reached when the change in the distance function l (n) has changed from decreasing to increasing.

【0015】(8) (2)と(3)のANDで判定 進行方向ベクトルと目標点へのベクトルのなす角が閾値
θthよりも大きいときで、しかも、現在位置P(n)か
ら目標点Oまでの距離l(n)の変化が減少から増加に
転じたときに目標点に到達したものと判定する。
(8) Judgment by AND of (2) and (3) When the angle formed by the traveling direction vector and the vector to the target point is larger than the threshold value θth , and the current position P (n) It is determined that the target point has been reached when the change in the distance l (n) to O changes from decreasing to increasing.

【0016】(9) (1)と(3)のANDで判定 目標点までの距離l(n)がLthより小さく、しかも、
進行方向ベクトルと、目標点へのベクトルとのなす角が
θthより大きいとき、目標位置へ到達したと見なす。
[0016] (9) (1) and (3) the distance l to the determination target point by the AND of (n) is smaller than L th, moreover,
The traveling direction vector, when the angle between the vector to the target point is theta th larger, and has reached the target position considered.

【0017】(10) (1)と(2)と(3)のANDで判定 目標点までの距離l(n)がlthより小さく、進行方向
ベクトルと、目標点へのベクトルとのなす角がθthより
大きく、しかも目標点までの距離l(n)が極小となっ
たときに、目標点に到達したものとする。
(10) Judgment by AND of (1), (2) and (3) The distance l (n) to the target point is smaller than l th , and the angle between the traveling direction vector and the vector to the target point Is larger than θ th and the distance l (n) to the target point is minimized, it is assumed that the target point has been reached.

【0018】[0018]

【発明の効果】以上、実施例に基づいて具体的に説明し
たように、本発明では、ワークに倣うことのできるロボ
ットにおいて、ある条件を満たしたときには、実際に教
示点を通過しないときにも、教示点を通過したものと判
定することができるので、動作軌道を生成するための補
間演算処理において、目標点を順次変更することがで
き、倣いの動作を円滑に行うことができる。
As described above in detail with reference to the embodiments, according to the present invention, in a robot that can follow a workpiece, when a certain condition is satisfied, even when the robot does not actually pass through a teaching point. Since it is possible to determine that the target point has passed, the target point can be sequentially changed in the interpolation calculation processing for generating the motion trajectory, and the copying operation can be performed smoothly.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図1】本発明の実施の態様において、現在位置と目標
点との関係を示す説明図である。
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between a current position and a target point in an embodiment of the present invention.

【図2】本発明の実施の態様において、現在位置から目
標点までの距離関数を示す説明図である。
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a distance function from a current position to a target point in the embodiment of the present invention.

【図3】本発明の実施の態様において、進行方向ベクト
ルと目標点へのベクトルとの関係を示す説明図である。
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between a traveling direction vector and a vector to a target point in the embodiment of the present invention.

【図4】本発明の実施の態様において、仮想目標点を示
す説明図である。
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing virtual target points in the embodiment of the present invention.

【図5】本発明の実施の態様において、目標平面を示す
説明図である。
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a target plane in the embodiment of the present invention.

【図6】本発明の実施の態様において、目標平面を示す
説明図である。
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a target plane in the embodiment of the present invention.

【図7】本発明の実施の態様に係るロボットコントロー
ラの処理フローである。
FIG. 7 is a processing flow of the robot controller according to the embodiment of the present invention.

【図8】従来技術に係る教示点と倣った軌跡との関係を
示す説明図である。
FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between a teaching point and a trajectory following a conventional technique.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

1 ロボットプログラム 2 補間演算処理部 3 サーボ演算部 4 サーボドライバ Reference Signs List 1 robot program 2 interpolation calculation processing unit 3 servo calculation unit 4 servo driver

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 教示された位置に従って、ワークに倣っ
て動作することができるロボットにおいて、ある一定条
件を満足したときには、教示された目標位置を通過しな
くても目標点に到達したと判断することを特徴とするロ
ボットの制御装置。
1. A robot capable of following a workpiece in accordance with a taught position, wherein when a certain condition is satisfied, it is determined that the robot has reached a target point without passing through a taught target position. A control device for a robot, comprising:
JP31177797A 1997-11-13 1997-11-13 Robot controlling device Withdrawn JPH11138476A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP31177797A JPH11138476A (en) 1997-11-13 1997-11-13 Robot controlling device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP31177797A JPH11138476A (en) 1997-11-13 1997-11-13 Robot controlling device

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH11138476A true JPH11138476A (en) 1999-05-25

Family

ID=18021353

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP31177797A Withdrawn JPH11138476A (en) 1997-11-13 1997-11-13 Robot controlling device

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH11138476A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012096307A (en) * 2010-10-29 2012-05-24 Yaskawa Electric Corp Robot control apparatus, robot control method, and robot system
WO2022176248A1 (en) * 2021-02-19 2022-08-25 オムロン株式会社 Control system, control method, and control device

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012096307A (en) * 2010-10-29 2012-05-24 Yaskawa Electric Corp Robot control apparatus, robot control method, and robot system
CN102566570A (en) * 2010-10-29 2012-07-11 株式会社安川电机 Robot control apparatus, robot control method, and robot system
EP2447015A3 (en) * 2010-10-29 2013-05-01 Kabushiki Kaisha Yaskawa Denki Robot control apparatus, robot control method, and robot system
WO2022176248A1 (en) * 2021-02-19 2022-08-25 オムロン株式会社 Control system, control method, and control device

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