JPH11129161A - Torque wrench device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To eliminate a need for exchange of a jaw corresponding to the diameter of a tool joint, improve work efficiency, provide accurate fastening torque, and remarkably reduce the occurrence of abration loss for the screw part of a tool joint. SOLUTION: Gates 3 and 3' rotated for opening and closing and upper and lower crank bodies 1 and 2 to support gate hooks 4 and 4', and each gate is provided with cylinders 5 and 5' for a single clamp and each clamp body is provided with a plurality of cylinders 5 and 5' for a clamp. The upper and lower cylinders are radially disposed at equal internals on the same horizontal plane and operated such that a push and pull external forces are simultaneously exerted toward the center of the circumference. Cylinders 11 and 12 for a twist are connected between a lower clamp body and a support mechanism, and the cylinder 11 and 12 are operated such that a rotation force in forward and reverse directions along the circumference is exerted on the upper clamp body 1.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a torque wrench, that is, a tool joint (screw joint) for an underground drilling pipe and a screw fastener for a drill collar or the like, mainly in drilling work for oil, hot springs, wells, and the like. And those used to perform the loosening safely and reliably.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in the above-mentioned excavation work, when a torque is applied by clamping an excavation pipe, a tool joint is clamped using a large pipe wrench, and one end of the pipe wrench is pulled with a winch or the like via a wire. The method of giving a torque is taken. However, in this work, horizontal force will be applied to the drill pipe, giving a bending moment to the drill pipe, causing useless reaction force, insufficient torque force, or excessive force, It was dangerous because the pipe wrench was damaged and the wire was cut.

[0003] Further, the applied torque is not constant, and the tool joint may come off the ground, which may result in a large time and cost loss in recovering the removed pipe, resulting in lack of reliability. .

Here, another conventional example will be described with reference to FIG. This conventional device has an upper body 51 and a lower body 52, and each of the bodies 51, 52 has a gate 5.
3, a gate clamp 54, a cylinder 55 for clamping the tool joint 58, a jaw 57a mounted on the tip of the cylinder 55, and a jaw 57b mounted inside the gate 53. The upper body 51 and the lower body 52 are composed of two hydraulic cylinders 56,
They are connected at 56.

When the tool joint 58 is screwed and connected by the above-described device, the gate 53 is opened, the tool joint 58 is inserted into each of the upper and lower bodies 51 and 52, the gate 53 is closed and locked by the gate clamp 54, The cylinder 55 is pressurized to bring the jaws 57a, 57b into close contact with the outer surface of the tool joint 58, and tightening torque is applied to the bodies 51, 52 by the hydraulic cylinders 56, 56. When the pipe is unscrewed, the hydraulic cylinders 56, 5
The direction of the torque according to 6 is given in reverse.

[0006]

However, in the apparatus shown in FIG. 5, it is necessary to exchange the jaws 57a and 57b according to the diameter of the tool joint.

[0007] Even at the same site, the diameter of the tool joint used may vary, and it takes time and effort to replace the jaws. Further, it is difficult to keep and manage a plurality of types of jaws at all times, and when the jaws are lost, the work is often stopped.

Further, in this apparatus, since the tool joint is clamped from two opposing directions, the cross section of the tool joint is deformed. In particular, when fastening the tool joint, screwing is performed while deforming the cross section, causing local screw wear.When the clamping force is released, the tool joint cross section returns to a perfect circle due to elasticity, and the tightening torque is reduced. In short, there was a possibility that the tool joint would be detached.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to eliminate the necessity of exchanging jaws or the like corresponding to tool joints having different diameters, thereby improving work efficiency. In addition, an accurate tightening torque can be given, and the wear of the screw portion of the tool joint is drastically reduced.

[0010]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a torque wrench device according to the present invention has a pair of gates for rotating and opening and closing, and upper and lower clamp bodies for supporting a gate hook. The clamp body has a plurality of clamp cylinders, and these clamp cylinders are radially disposed at substantially equal intervals on the circumference of the same horizontal plane, and each of the upper and lower clamp cylinders The group is operated to simultaneously apply an external force of pushing or pulling toward the center of the circumference, the lower clamp body is attached to a support mechanism, and two right and left twists are provided between the upper clamp body and the support mechanism. And the two left and right twist cylinders are connected to the upper clamp body in a direction opposite to one direction along the circumference. It is characterized by being operated to provide a rotational force. According to the above configuration, after opening the gate, passing the tool joint of the pipe between the clamp bodies, closing the gate, fixing the gate with the gate hook, and pressing the clamp cylinder, the tool joint becomes the outer periphery of the clamp. It is clamped at the above equally spaced positions. Pressing the twist cylinder in one direction tightens the tool joint, and pressing the twist cylinder in the opposite direction unscrews the tool joint.

[0011]

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a side view of a torque wrench according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of an upper clamp unit showing a state before operation of a twist cylinder, and FIG. 3 is an upper clamp showing a state after operation of the twist cylinder. FIG. 4 is a plan view of the lower clamp unit.

2 and 3, a indicates the maximum diameter of a tool joint (pipe joint) to be clamped (tightened) and tightened or loosened, and b indicates the minimum diameter.

[0013] The pipe tightening portion includes an upper clamp body 1,
An upper clamp unit including a gate 3, a gate hook 4, and a plurality of fluid cylinders (hereinafter, typically referred to as hydraulic cylinders) 5, a lower clamp body 2, and a gate 3
′, A gate hook 4 ′, and a lower clamp unit composed of a plurality of hydraulic cylinders 5 ′.

The upper clamp body 1 is placed on the lower clamp body 2 and is provided with a guide means, for example, the lower clamp body 2.
The protrusion 2P on the semicircle provided on the upper surface of the upper clamp body and the groove (not shown) on the semicircle provided on the lower surface of the upper clamp body 1 are slidably fitted with a slight gap. , Are rotatably guided along one circumference.

The lower clamp body 2 is fastened by bolts or the like to a hanging hardware 15 which is a structure for hanging the entire apparatus.

The upper and lower clamp units are provided with gates 3, 3 'having hydraulic cylinders 5, 5' therein, respectively.
The gate hooks 4, 4 ′ rotatably connected to the clamp body by 7 ′ and having the handle 4 a are connected to the pins 8, 8.
'And are rotatably connected to the clamp bodies 1 and 2. As shown in FIG. 4, the gates 3, 3 'and the gate hooks 4, 4' are such that the projections 3a of the gates 3, 3 'are caught in the groove portions 4b of the gate hooks 4, 4'.
The hydraulic cylinders 5 and 5 'accommodated therein receive a reaction force against the pushing.

The clamp bodies 1 and 2 are provided with a plurality of hydraulic cylinders 5 and 5 'in the same horizontal plane as the upper and lower hydraulic cylinders 5 and 5' provided on the gates 3 and 3 '. Although not shown, jaws that can be replaced during wear are provided at the tips of the rods 6, 6 'of the hydraulic cylinders 5, 5'. When the gates 3, 3 'are closed and fixed by the gate hooks 4, 4', the hydraulic cylinders 5, 5 'of each clamp body direct the rods 6, 6' toward the center of each circumference. Are arranged radially and at equal intervals on the circumference.

The upper clamp body 1 is twisted (rotated)
The twist hydraulic cylinders 11 and 12 are rotatably connected to the hydraulic cylinders 11 and 12 by pins 9 and 10, and the other ends of the twist hydraulic cylinders 11 and 12 are rotatably connected to the hanging hardware 15 using a spherical bearing or the like.

These hydraulic cylinder groups 5, 5 '; 11,
Numeral 12 receives supply of hydraulic pressure from a hydraulic pressure generator (not shown) via the switching operation valve 14.

The entire apparatus is suspended from a tower or the like, and attempts to tighten or release (unscrew) screws.
The upper and lower positions are adjusted by well-known means (not shown) so that the connection surface of the pipe is at an intermediate height between the upper clamp unit and the lower clamp unit, and then the gates 3 and 3 'as shown by dotted lines in FIG. The gate hooks 4, 4 'are attached to the pipes (a, b) while being opened by manual operation. At this time, all the hydraulic cylinders 5, 5 'have their rods 6, 6' retracted.

Next, the gates 3, 3 'and the gate hooks 4, 4' are manually tightened as shown by the solid lines in FIGS. Next, the rods 6, 6 'of the hydraulic cylinders 5, 5' of the upper and lower clamp units advance, and the pipes (a, b)
Tighten. Further, the twist cylinders 11 and 12 are operated to tighten or release the screws of the pipe.
When the tightening or releasing operation is completed, the rods 6, 6 'of the hydraulic cylinders 5, 5' are retracted to release the fastening of the pipe, and the gates 3, 3 'and the gate hooks 4, 4' are released. Remove the entire device. Actually, the pipe thread is tapered, and during the screw tightening or releasing work, the pipe is quickly turned by a mechanism (not shown), but this is not related to the essence of the present invention. Is omitted.

The effects of the two-point support and the three-point support in the above-described pipe clamp will be compared and studied. When the same clamping force is applied, assuming that the pressing force of the hydraulic cylinder at the two-point support is Pa and the pressing force of the three-point support is Pb, the force required at one support point is Pb = (2/3) Pa the deformation amount of the hydraulic cylinder contact portion of the tool joint is W, the hydraulic cylinders pushing force P, if the distance between the押点and押点and L, W is proportional to PL ^3. La with two-point support
And Lb at the time of three-point support have a relationship of La ≒ 3 / 2Lb, so Wa of two-point support and Wb of three-point support
Wb = (2/3) ³ Pb = (2/3) ³ · 2/3 Wa = (2/3) ⁴ ≒ 0.20 Wa

Therefore, when the same clamping force is applied, if three-point support is used, the amount of deformation is one-fifth that of two-point support, local wear of the screw portion is prevented, and an accurate tightening torque is applied. Can be.

In this embodiment, the number of hydraulic cylinders provided in each clamp body is two, but the number may be further increased.

Further, the pipe turning mechanism, the vertical position adjusting device for suspending the entire device, and the hydraulic device for these are mounted, but these are not related to the essence of the present invention. I omitted it.

Although the hydraulic pressure is used as the applied external force, it may be hydraulic or pneumatic. The gates 3, 3 'and the gate hooks 4, 4' are operated manually, and the gate hook is of a spring return type, but may be of an actuator type such as hydraulic. The upper clamp unit is actually supported by a roller with a spring, but the description is omitted. A description of other accessories such as a grease lubrication device is omitted.

[0027]

The torque wrench according to the present invention is constructed and operates as described above. Therefore, first, even if the diameter of the tool joint changes, the jaw need not be replaced. Secondly, a sufficient tightening torque can be obtained, and no excessive torque is required for unscrewing the pipe, and therefore, the tool joint screw is less worn and has a longer life. Third, since there is no possibility that the tool joint may be detached, the work is safe and the labor is light.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a torque wrench device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of an upper clamp unit of the same device, showing a state before a twist cylinder operates.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the upper clamp unit of the same device, showing a state after the operation of the twist cylinder.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of a lower clamp unit.

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the structure and operation of a conventional torque wrench.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1, 3, 4, 5 Upper clamp unit 2, 3 ', 4', 5 'Lower clamp unit 1 Upper clamp body 2 Lower clamp body 3, 3' Gate 4, 4 'Gate hook 5, 5' Clamp cylinder ( Hydraulic cylinder) 6,6 'Rod 11,12 Twist cylinder

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Each of the gates has a pair of rotating gates and upper and lower clamp bodies for supporting a gate hook, the gate has one clamping cylinder, and the clamping body has a plurality of clamping cylinders. These clamping cylinders are arranged radially at substantially equal intervals on the circumference of the same horizontal plane, and the upper and lower clamping cylinder groups simultaneously apply an external force of pushing or pulling toward the center of the circumference. The lower clamp body is attached to a support mechanism, and two left and right twist cylinders are connected between the upper clamp body and the support mechanism. The two right and left twist cylinders are connected to the upper clamp body. The torque wrench device is operated so as to apply a rotational force in a direction opposite to the one direction along the circumference.