JPH11128213A - X-ray diagnosis equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable to eliminate peripheral image and complexity of mechanical structure under a top plate and to execute high speed X-ray image picking-up all at once. SOLUTION: This X-ray diagnosis equipment detects an X-ray fluoroscopy image of a subject M not by an image intensifier but by a flat panel X-ray sensor 3 and is composed to switch a visual fields of the X-ray sensor 3 to another corresponding to an image picking-up mode. The peripheral image distortion and complexity of the mechanical structure can be eliminated by adopting the small and light flat panel X-ray sensor 3 without image distortion and, further, the number of X-ray detecting elements to be read out can be reduced and the frame scanning speed can be increased to execute high speed X-ray image picking-up by switching a visual field to smaller one.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention reads an X-ray detection signal from a two-dimensional array type X-ray sensor for detecting an X-ray fluoroscopic image of a subject (patient) generated by X-ray irradiation, and detects X-rays. The present invention relates to an X-ray diagnostic apparatus that displays an X-ray image of a subject based on a signal, and relates to a technology that enables a field size of a two-dimensional array type X-ray sensor to be switched.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the case of a conventional X-ray diagnostic apparatus, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5, an X-ray tube 52 for irradiating an X-ray to a subject (patient) M mounted on a top 51 and an X-ray fluoroscopic image detection opposed to each other with the top 51 interposed therebetween. An image intensifier 53, a monitor 54 for displaying an X-ray image, and the like are provided, and the subject M detected by the image intensifier 53 as the subject M is irradiated with X-rays from the X-ray tube 52. The X-ray fluoroscopic image of the image intensifier 5
3, after being imaged by a TV camera (not shown) installed at the subsequent stage, undergoing AD conversion, image processing, and the like, and finally projected and displayed as an X-ray image on the screen of the monitor 54. Has become. An X-ray image obtained by the X-ray diagnostic apparatus is provided to a doctor, and the doctor can make an accurate diagnosis based on the X-ray image. Therefore, it can be said that the X-ray diagnostic apparatus is a very useful apparatus. it can.

[0003]

However, in the case of the conventional X-ray diagnostic apparatus using the image intensifier, there are problems that the peripheral image distortion is large and the mechanical structure below the top plate is complicated. is there. That is, when an X-ray fluoroscopic image is detected using the image intensifier 53, all the bars are straight, for example, as shown in FIG. 10A due to peripheral image distortion caused by the structure of the image intensifier. When the grid 55 running vertically and horizontally is used as an object, as shown in FIG. 10B, a beam around the grid 55 becomes a bent X-ray image, and the shape of the object cannot be correctly captured. Is invited. Since the situation of the peripheral image distortion in the image intensifier 53 is complicated, it is also difficult to obtain an X-ray image with no peripheral image distortion by correction by image processing.

Further, an image intensifier 53
Is a heavy vacuum tube with a large volume, which is difficult to handle, and the accompanying equipment of the image intensifier becomes considerable. As a result, the mechanical structure on the lower side of the top plate to which the image intensifier 53 is attached is inevitably complicated. This leads to inconveniences such as large design restrictions.

[0005] It is only necessary to be able to change to an X-ray sensor of a type that can eliminate the distortion of the peripheral image of the image intensifier and the complication of the mechanical structure. X-ray sensors are not readily available. Recently, there is a high necessity for X-ray imaging with movement of the subject such as cardiac imaging and angiography, and it is an exaggeration to say that high-speed X-ray imaging suitable for this is indispensable as a useful device. Absent. Further, if the subject can avoid unnecessary exposure to X-rays during X-ray imaging, the usefulness of the apparatus will be further enhanced.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides an X-ray diagnostic apparatus capable of eliminating peripheral image distortion and complication of a mechanical structure below a top plate and performing high-speed X-ray imaging. In addition to the above, a second object is to provide an X-ray diagnostic apparatus capable of avoiding unnecessary exposure to X-rays.

[0007]

In order to achieve the first object, an X-ray diagnostic apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention comprises:
(A) an X-ray tube for irradiating an X-ray to a subject placed on a top plate; and (b) a large number of X-ray detection elements which are arranged opposite to the X-ray tube with the top plate interposed therebetween. Are arranged vertically and horizontally, a flat panel type X-ray sensor for X-ray fluoroscopic image detection of a two-dimensional array, (c) an imaging mode designating means for designating an imaging mode, and (d) designated imaging by an imaging mode designating means Read area setting means for setting a signal read area in the flat panel X-ray sensor according to the mode; and (e) constant scanning for each X-ray detecting element in the read area set by the read area setting means. Read-out scanning means for reading out and scanning an X-ray detection signal according to speed; and (f) an image table for displaying an X-ray image of the subject based on the X-ray detection signal read from the flat panel X-ray sensor And a means.

Further, in order to achieve the above-mentioned second problem,
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the X-ray diagnostic apparatus according to the first aspect, a collapsible collimator provided in front of the X-ray tube and capable of adjusting the degree of opening, and an X-ray irradiation area by the X-ray tube are flat. Collimator driving means for controlling the degree of opening of the collimator in conjunction with the setting of the read area so as to automatically correspond to the signal read area of the panel type X-ray sensor is provided.

Next, various operations of the flat panel X-ray sensor for detecting an X-ray fluoroscopic image at the time of X-ray imaging by the X-ray diagnostic apparatus of the present invention will be described. In the case of X-ray imaging by the X-ray diagnostic apparatus of the present invention, an X-ray fluoroscopic image of the subject is formed by a two-dimensional array type flat panel X-ray sensor with X-ray irradiation on the subject on the tabletop. At the same time as the detection, the reading scan of the X-ray detection signal is executed for each X-ray detection element of the flat panel X-ray sensor by the read-scanning means. The image display means displays an X-ray image based on the X-ray detection signal read from the flat panel X-ray sensor.

In the case of a two-dimensional array type flat panel X-ray sensor, unlike an image intensifier, the proportional relationship between the dimension on the X-ray fluoroscopic image and the dimension on the subject is maintained over the entire surface. Therefore, peripheral image distortion does not occur, and in addition, since the X-ray sensor is a light and thin panel, the mechanical structure below the top plate is not complicated.

On the other hand, in the case of the X-ray diagnostic apparatus of the present invention, 2
The visual field size of the X-ray sensor of the dimensional array system is determined by the signal readout area in the flat panel X-ray sensor. Only the X-ray detection elements inside the readout area where the X-ray detection signal is read out detect the X-ray fluoroscopic image, and the X-ray detection elements outside the readout area where the X-ray detection signal is not read out detect the X-ray fluoroscopic image. This is because it is not performed. The size of the visual field size is proportional to the read area, and the maximum visual field size is obtained when the area of the read area from which signals are read out from all the X-ray detection elements of the flat panel X-ray sensor is maximized.

On the other hand, the reading area of the flat panel X-ray sensor which determines the size of the field of view of the X-ray sensor is set according to the imaging mode specified by the imaging mode specifying means. Specific imaging modes include an imaging mode directly corresponding to the field size, an imaging mode corresponding to the frame scanning speed (inversely proportional to the time required to read the entire readout area), and an imaging mode for the subject. There are corresponding shooting modes. That is, the reading area setting means automatically sets the signal reading area in the flat panel X-ray sensor, that is, the visual field size, as the imaging mode is designated by the operator.

Further, in the case of the X-ray diagnostic apparatus of the present invention,
Since the reading scanning by the reading scanning means is performed at a constant scanning speed, the frame scanning speed (the number of frames per unit time) is increased by the decrease in the number of X-ray detection elements for reading as the field of view size is reduced. Then, the X-ray imaging speeds up. High-speed imaging is useful for X-ray imaging of a moving subject such as cardiac imaging or angiography. However, in the X-ray diagnostic apparatus of the present invention, it is necessary to specify an imaging mode with a small readout area and reduce the field size. High-speed X-ray imaging can be performed. The flat panel X-ray sensor can eliminate the peripheral image distortion and the complication of the mechanical structure under the top plate, but the readout time from the X-ray detection element is shorter than when an image intensifier is used. Although it is long and difficult to perform high-speed X-ray imaging, the apparatus is not suitable for imaging when the subject is moving. However, with the X-ray diagnostic apparatus of the present invention, high-speed X-ray imaging can be performed by switching the field of view size. .

Further, as in the X-ray diagnostic apparatus of the second aspect,
The degree of opening of the collimator is controlled by the collimator driving means in conjunction with the setting of the signal readout area, and the X-ray irradiation area (X-ray irradiation field) by the X-ray tube automatically becomes the readout area of the flat panel X-ray sensor. In the case of the configuration corresponding to the above, the X-ray is always irradiated only to the imaging part in the subject, and there is no possibility that the non-imaging part is exposed to the X-ray,
Unnecessary X-ray exposure can be reliably avoided.

[0015]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating the overall configuration of an X-ray diagnostic apparatus according to an embodiment. FIG. 2 is a plan view illustrating an arrangement of X-ray detection elements in a flat panel X-ray sensor (hereinafter abbreviated as “X-ray sensor” as appropriate). FIGS. 3 and 3 are perspective views showing a schematic configuration of the X-ray sensor, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a layer structure of the X-ray sensor, FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a read area in the X-ray sensor, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a circuit configuration of FIG.

As shown in FIG. 1, the X-ray diagnostic apparatus of the embodiment irradiates a top plate 1 on which a subject M is mounted and an X-ray to the subject M mounted on the top plate 1. In addition to an X-ray tube 2 and a flat panel type X-ray sensor 3 for detecting a X-ray fluoroscopic image of a two-dimensional array type, which is disposed to face the top plate 1, an X-ray fluoroscopic image detected by the X-ray sensor 3 (Image display means) 4 and the like for displaying X-rays. The X-ray fluoroscope image of the subject M is detected by the X-ray sensor 3 with the X-ray irradiation from the X-ray tube 2, and the X-ray sensor 3 After the X-ray detection signal is read, it is configured to be finally displayed as an X-ray image on the screen of the monitor 4 through AD conversion and image processing. In addition, the X-ray diagnostic apparatus according to the embodiment also includes a cassette-type rapid photography mechanism (not shown) that captures an X-ray image of the subject M on a film. It is a device having a device configuration. Hereinafter, each part of the embodiment device will be described more specifically.

The top board 1 is configured to be moved up and down as well as back and forth and left and right under the control of the drive control unit 5 while the subject M is placed thereon. This drive control unit 5
Controls the movement of the top 1 based on a command signal sent from the photographing control unit 8 in accordance with an operation input from the keyboard 6 or the mouse 7. Further, the X-ray tube 2
The flat panel X-ray sensor 3 having a rectangular planar shape is also moved in conjunction with the control of the drive control unit 5 while maintaining the opposed arrangement state, or the X-ray tube 2 In order to change the distance (distance) between the X-ray sensor 3 and the flat panel type X-ray sensor 3, it can be moved up and down. X-ray tube 2 and X-ray sensor 3
Is also controlled based on a command signal sent from the photographing control unit 8.

On the other hand, the X-ray tube 2 is configured to irradiate X-rays according to set imaging conditions under the control of an irradiation control unit 9 including a high voltage generator and the like. The irradiation control unit 9 controls the operation of the X-ray tube 2 based on a command signal transmitted from the imaging control unit 8 in accordance with an operation input from the keyboard 6 and the mouse 7. Further, an openable collimator 10 capable of adjusting the degree of opening is provided in front of the X-ray tube 2, and a collimator driving unit 11 for adjusting the degree of opening of the collimator 10 is provided. When the degree of opening of the collimator 10 is changed by the collimator driving unit 11, the X-ray irradiation area (X-ray irradiation field) of the X-ray tube 2 changes. As the degree of opening of the collimator 10 increases, the X-ray irradiation area of the X-ray tube 2 increases.

On the other hand, the flat panel type X-ray sensor 3
A sensor configured to detect an X-ray fluoroscopic image of the subject M generated by X-ray irradiation by the X-ray tube 2, convert the X-ray fluoroscopic image into an electric signal as an X-ray detection signal, and output the signal. As shown in FIG. This is a so-called two-dimensional array type sensor in which many X-ray detection elements XD are arranged vertically and horizontally. The arrangement of the X-ray detection elements XD in the flat panel X-ray sensor 3 of the embodiment is a square matrix of 1024 in the horizontal (X) direction and 1024 in the vertical (Y) direction. The flat panel X-ray sensor 3 having a rectangular planar shape can provide a square detection surface suitable for imaging a large part such as the chest and abdomen, unlike an image intensifier in which the detection surface is limited to a circular shape. In that respect, it is also a useful X-ray sensor.

As shown in FIG. 3, the flat panel type X-ray sensor 3 detects an X-ray conversion layer 12 for converting incident X-rays into electric charges or light, and detects electric charges or light generated in the X-ray conversion layer 12. The device has a laminated structure with a detection array layer 13 in which elements are arranged vertically and horizontally in a matrix. The plane dimension of the X-ray conversion layer 12 of the flat panel X-ray sensor 3 is, for example, about 30 cm in length and width.

The flat panel type X-ray sensor 3 includes:
The direct conversion type sensor shown in FIG.
There is an indirect conversion type sensor shown in FIG. In the case of the former direct conversion type, the X-ray conversion layer 12 is composed of a selenium layer or a CdZnTe layer that directly converts incident X-rays into charges, and faces the surface electrode 15 as a charge detection element 14 on the surface of the detection array layer 13. Each of the charge detection elements 14 and a part of the X-ray conversion layer 12 thereon form one X-ray. The detection element XD is formed. In the latter case of the indirect conversion type, the X-ray conversion layer 12 is composed of a scintillator layer for converting incident X-rays into light, and light is detected by a photodiode group formed as a light detection element 16 on the surface of the detection array layer 13. Is performed to transmit an X-ray detection signal, and one X-ray detection element XD is formed by each light detection element 16 and a part of the X-ray conversion layer 12 thereon.

In the flat panel X-ray sensor 3, as shown in FIG. 6, each X-ray detection element XD,
.., XD read wiring 1 running vertically and horizontally via TFT (Thin Film Transister) 17
8 and 19, and the readout wirings 18,
Reference numeral 19 denotes an X (horizontal) read driving unit 20 or Y
The (vertical) read wiring 1 is connected to the read drive unit 21 and is connected to the read wiring 1 from the X read drive unit 20 or the Y read drive unit 21.
.., XD are applied to the TFTs 17 and 18 as the scanning signals for reading are applied to the pixels 8 and 19.
The signal is read as an X-ray detection signal through read wiring 19, and further through each preamplifier 22 and multiplexer 23. That is, the reading of the X-ray detection signal from the flat panel type X-ray sensor 3 has substantially the same configuration as that of an ordinary video detector such as a TV camera.

In the case of the X-ray sensor 3 of the embodiment, the two read-out driving units 20, 21, the preamplifier 22, and the multiplexer 23 are installed on the periphery of the surface of the detection array layer 13 and have an integrated configuration. Then, the X-ray detection signal extracted from the X-ray sensor 3 is digitized by the AD converter 24, and then the X-ray detection element of the X-ray sensor 3
An image signal is stored in a frame memory type image memory 25 having an XY matrix configuration corresponding to the Y matrix configuration. The image signal stored in the image memory 25 is taken out by the image processing unit 26 in a timely manner, subjected to signal processing such as filtering as necessary, sent to the monitor 4 and projected on the screen as an X-ray image. Is displayed.

The storage unit 27 is a disk-type storage device, and is used for loading necessary execution programs and recording X-ray images. In the case of the example apparatus,
The drive control unit 5, the photographing control unit 8, the irradiation control unit 9, the collimator drive unit 11, and the image processing unit 26 are mainly configured by a computer (CPU) and its execution program.

Further, in the X-ray diagnostic apparatus of the embodiment, the point that the visual field size in the X-ray sensor 3 is automatically switched according to the imaging mode is a remarkable feature in the configuration. Hereinafter, this feature will be specifically described. In the apparatus of the embodiment, three shooting modes A to C that directly indicate the size of the field of view as shooting modes can be designated by the keyboard (shooting mode designating means) 6 or the mouse 7 (shooting mode designating means). Have been. In this case, the visual field size (equivalent to 12 inches) specified by the imaging mode A> the visual field size specified by the imaging mode B (9
(Equivalent to inches)> field-of-view size (equivalent to 6 inches) according to the designation of shooting mode C.

On the other hand, the visual field size of the X-ray sensor 3 and the signal readout area of the X-ray sensor 3 correspond one to one, and as shown in FIG. , The read area Sa is 1024 ×
This is the largest rectangular area in which X-ray detection signals are read from all 1024 X-ray detection elements XD. In the case of the photographing mode B in which the visual field size is intermediate, the read area Sb
Is an intermediate rectangular area in which X-ray detection signals are read out from 768 × 768 (approximately の of the read area Sa) X-ray detection elements XD near the center. In the case of the photographing mode C in which the visual field size is minimized, the number of readout areas Sc is 512 × 512 near the center (1/1 of the readout area Sa).
4) is the minimum rectangular area from which X-ray detection signals are read from the X-ray detection elements XD.

The setting of the read areas Sa to Sc is performed based on the addresses 0 to 1023 assigned to the respective X-ray detection elements XD along the arrangement of the X-ray sensors 3 in the X and Y directions. Address data necessary for setting the read areas Sa to Sc is stored in a read area data memory (read area setting means) 28, and the address data is extracted in accordance with a designated photographing mode, and a read scan signal generating unit is provided. 29. In the read area data memory 28,
The X-direction address of the X-ray detection element at the left end of each of the areas Sa to Sc is the start address in the X direction, the X-direction address of the X-ray detection element at the right end of the areas Sa to Sc is the end address in the X direction, and the areas Sa to Sc The Y direction address of the X-ray detecting element at the upper end of the area is a start address in the Y direction, and the Y direction address of the X-ray detecting element at the lower end of each of the areas Sa to Sc is Y.
The direction end addresses are stored in advance in association with the corresponding shooting modes A to C.

Further, the X-ray diagnostic apparatus of the embodiment has read-out scanning means for reading out an X-ray detection signal from the X-ray detection element XD of the X-ray sensor 3, and this read-out scanning means is provided with a read area data memory. A scanning signal generating section 29 for generating scanning signals for sequentially designating the respective X-ray detecting elements DX in the reading area set in accordance with the address data at a constant speed one by one, and a scanning signal generating section 29 X and Y for reading an X-ray detection signal from an X-ray detection element DX designated by a scanning signal from
The read drive units 20 and 21 are mainly configured. The scanning signal includes an X-ray scanning signal designating an address in the X direction and Y scanning.
An X-ray detection element which designates an address in the direction is designated as an X-ray detection element at the position of the address in the X direction and the address in the Y direction indicated by both scanning signals.

As shown in FIG. 7, the read-out scanning signal generator 29 inputs a start address in the X direction and a clock pulse of a fixed period, sets a preset count value by the start address in the X direction, and sets a clock pulse. Is input, an X address counter 31 whose count value increases by one, an end address in the X direction and a count value of the X address counter 31 are input, and the count value of the X address counter 31 reaches the end address in the X direction. Then, an X comparator 32 that outputs one pulse, a start address in the Y direction and a pulse of the X comparator 32 are input, a preset count value is set by the start address in the Y direction, and one pulse of the X comparator 32 is output. A Y address counter 33 whose count value increases by one when it enters An end address in the Y direction and a count value of the Y address counter 33 are input, and a Y comparator 34 that outputs one pulse when the count value of the Y address counter 31 reaches a value obtained by adding 1 to the end address in the Y direction. Have.

Then, X of the read-out scanning signal generator 29
The count value of the address counter 31 is sent to the X read drive unit 20 as an X scan signal, the count value of the Y address counter 33 is sent to the Y read drive unit 21 as a Y scan signal, and the pulse of the X comparator 32 is one line. The pulse of the Y comparator 34 is sent as a scanning end signal to a required portion such as the image processing unit 26 as a one-frame scanning end signal. Further, the pulses of the X and Y comparators 32 and 34 are input to the preset terminal of the X address counter 31 via the OR element 35,
The pulse of the Y comparator 34 is input to the preset terminal of the address counter 31. When the pulses of the X and Y comparators 32 and 34, which are the scanning end signals, are inputted to the preset terminals of the X and Y address counters 31 and 33, the count values of both counters 31 and 33 become the start address values which are the preset count values. Return to Thereafter, if there is no scan stop command, the readout scan signal generator 29
Repeats the generation of the X and Y scanning signals.

Therefore, the X, Y read drive unit 20,
Numeral 21 starts reading from the X-ray detecting element DX at the upper left end of the set read-out area and performs reading scanning up to the X-ray detecting element DX at the upper right end according to the X and Y scanning signals, and performs X-ray detecting element DX at the upper right end. Is completed, the one-line scanning is completed, and the process immediately proceeds to the reading scanning of the line one stage lower (one more than the start address in the Y direction).
Thereafter, similarly, when reading of the X-ray detection element DX at the lower right end is completed, scanning of one frame is completed. When one frame scanning is completed, if there is no scanning stop command, the above reading scan is repeated many times according to the X and Y scanning signals sent again.

In the above read scan, the designation of each X-ray detection element DX is performed at a constant speed, so that the time required for one frame scan is proportional to the size of the area, that is, the number of X-ray detection elements. . Assuming that the number of scanning frames per second (frame rate: FPS) of the maximum read area Sa is 15 frames, in the case of the intermediate read area Sb, the number of X-ray detection elements is about 1/2 of the read area Sa. Therefore, the frame rate is doubled to 30 frames, and in the case of the minimum read area Sc, the number of X-ray detection elements is about 1/4 of the read area Sa, and the frame rate is quadrupled to 60 frames. Therefore, in the case of the X-ray diagnostic apparatus of the embodiment, the imaging speed is increased as the field size of the X-ray sensor 3 is reduced.

Further, in the X-ray diagnostic apparatus of the embodiment, the degree of opening of the collimator is controlled in conjunction with the setting of the read area, and the X-ray irradiation area of the X-ray tube and the signal read area of the flat panel type X-ray sensor. Is automatically adjusted so as to correspond. That is, when the imaging modes A to C are designated, the address data is also sent from the area data memory 28 to the collimator driving unit 11. The collimator driving unit 11 calculates the difference between the start address and the end address in the X direction and the difference between the start address and the end address in the Y direction, and determines the degree of opening of the X-ray irradiation area of the collimator 10 in the X direction and the X-ray irradiation area. Is set to an opening degree proportional to the obtained value.

Next, the operation of the X-ray diagnostic apparatus of the embodiment having the above configuration when X-ray imaging is performed will be described.
This will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. In the case of imaging by the embodiment apparatus, the subject M is placed on the top 1 and then the top 1 is moved to the imaging position together with the subject M.

Step S1: The operator operates the keyboard 6
Alternatively, the photographing modes A to C are designated using the mouse 7. It is assumed that the photographing mode C has been designated.

Step S2: Simultaneously with the designation of the photographing mode C, the X-direction start address and end address and the Y-direction start address and end address of the read area Sc are read from the read area data memory 28 as address data. Are sent to both the collimator driving unit 11 and the readout scanning signal generation unit 29.

Step S3: The collimator driving unit 11 sets X
The difference between the start address and end address in the direction (51
2) According to the difference (512) between the start address and the end address in the Y direction, the degree of opening of the collimator 10 in the X and Y directions is adjusted so as to match the read area Sc.
Set 0.

Step S4: At the same time, the scanning signal generator 2
At 9, the count values of the X and Y address counters 31 and 33 are preset to the start addresses, respectively.

Steps S5 and S6: When the start of photographing is instructed, X-ray irradiation is performed, and at the same time, the counts of the X and Y address counters 31 and 33 are started. A signal is sent to the X and Y readout driving units 20 and 21. X, Y read drive unit 2
0 and 21 perform read scanning in accordance with the X and Y scanning signals, and sequentially read X-ray detection signals from the X-ray detection elements XD of the read area Sc set in the X-ray sensor 3,
It is sent from the AD converter 24 to the image memory 25 as an image signal. The image signal in the image memory 25 is further subjected to signal processing as needed by the image processing unit 26 and sent to the monitor 4. An X-ray image is projected on the screen of the monitor 4 at a high speed of 60 frame rates per second.

Steps S7 and S8: When there is an instruction to stop imaging, X-ray irradiation and scanning for reading out X-ray detection signals are stopped, and X-ray imaging ends.

In each of the X-ray diagnostic apparatuses according to the above-described embodiments, the two-dimensional array type flat type in which the proportional relationship between the dimension on the X-ray fluoroscopic image and the dimension on the subject is maintained over the entire surface. Since a panel type X-ray sensor is used,
It is possible to eliminate peripheral image distortion and eliminate complication of a mechanical structure below the top plate. If the size of the visual field is reduced, high-speed X-ray imaging is possible, and unnecessary X-ray exposure can be reliably avoided by automatically adjusting the X-ray irradiation area in conjunction with the setting of the readout area. . Therefore, the X-ray diagnostic apparatus of the embodiment is an extremely useful apparatus.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, but may be modified as follows. (1) In the apparatus of the embodiment, the imaging modes A to C directly correspond to the size of the visual field. However, by designating the imaging mode corresponding to the frame rate or the imaging mode corresponding to the imaging region,
A configuration in which a read area is specified may be used. In the case of the shooting mode corresponding to the frame rate, the readout area is set narrower as the frame rate is higher. In the case of the imaging mode corresponding to the imaging region, a wide readout area is set for the abdomen and chest, and a narrow readout area is set for the head.

(2) Although the readout area is square in the embodiment, the shape of the readout area is not limited to a specific shape. For example, a rectangular read area may be set. For example, in the case of an angiographic imaging of the foot, it is effective to set the rectangular readout area so that the longitudinal direction of the foot matches the longitudinal direction of the readout area.

(3) In the apparatus of the embodiment, the X-ray sensor 3 is a square panel. However, the X-ray sensor 3 is not limited to a square panel, and may be, for example, a rectangular panel.

(4) Although the apparatus of the present embodiment has a cassette-type rapid photography mechanism for projecting an X-ray image on a film, the apparatus without the rapid photography mechanism may be modified. No.

[0046]

According to the X-ray diagnostic apparatus of the present invention, the sensor for detecting the X-ray fluoroscopic image of the subject is a flat panel type X-ray sensor of a two-dimensional array system, Since the proportional relationship between the dimensions on the image and the dimensions on the subject is maintained over the entire surface, peripheral image distortion does not occur in the X-ray image, and since it is a plate-shaped small and lightweight sensor, The complication of the mechanical structure under the top plate is also eliminated. Further, in addition to the above, since the configuration is such that the field scanning size can be switched and the frame scanning speed increases with the reduction of the field size, high-speed X-ray imaging suitable for imaging when the subject is moving can be performed.

According to the X-ray diagnostic apparatus of the second aspect,
The degree of opening of the collimator is automatically controlled in conjunction with the setting of the signal readout area, and it is configured to always correspond to the X-ray irradiation area of the X-ray tube and the readout area of the X-ray sensor. Irradiation is performed only on the imaging region of the subject, and there is no possibility that the non-imaging region is exposed to X-rays. Therefore, unnecessary X-ray exposure can be reliably avoided during X-ray imaging.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an overall configuration of an X-ray diagnostic apparatus according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing an arrangement of X-ray detection elements in a flat panel X-ray sensor.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a flat panel X-ray sensor.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a layer structure of a flat panel X-ray sensor.

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a read area of the flat panel X-ray sensor.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating a circuit configuration of a flat panel X-ray sensor.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a read-out scanning signal generation unit of the device according to the embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating a flow of an apparatus operation performed by the apparatus according to the embodiment when photographing is performed.

FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a conventional X-ray diagnostic apparatus.

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating a distortion state of a peripheral portion of an X-ray fluoroscopic image of a conventional apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Top plate 2 ... X-ray tube 3 ... Flat panel type X-ray sensor 4 ... Monitor 6 ... Keyboard 7 ... Mouse 10 ... Collimator 11 ... Collimator drive unit 20 ... X read drive unit 21 ... Y read drive unit 28 ... Read area Data memory 29: readout scanning signal generator M: subject Sa to Sc: readout area XD: X-ray detection element

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An X-ray tube for irradiating an X-ray to a subject mounted on a top plate, and (b) a plurality of X-ray tubes arranged opposite to the X-ray tube with the top plate interposed therebetween. A flat panel X-ray sensor for X-ray fluoroscopic image detection of a two-dimensional array system in which X-ray detection elements are arranged vertically and horizontally, (c) an imaging mode designating means for designating an imaging mode, and (d) an imaging mode Readout area setting means for setting a signal readout area in the flat panel X-ray sensor in accordance with a designated imaging mode designated by the designation means; and (e) each X-ray detection element in the readout area set by the readout area setting means And (f) displaying an X-ray image of the subject based on the X-ray detection signal read from the flat panel X-ray sensor. X-ray diagnostic apparatus characterized by comprising an image display means for. 2. The X-ray diagnostic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an open / close collimator provided in front of the X-ray tube and capable of adjusting an opening degree, and an X-ray irradiation area of the X-ray tube being a flat panel type. An X-ray diagnostic apparatus comprising: a collimator driving unit that controls a degree of opening of a collimator in conjunction with setting of a read area so as to automatically correspond to a signal read area of the X-ray sensor.