JPH11108498A - Upright multi-plate type regenerator with assembled burner - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To simplify a structure and make an entire small-sized device by a method wherein a chamber defining a radiation heat transferring section is formed in continuous with an opening for forming a combustion chamber formed at a lower part of a plate member and a discharged gas passage in continuous with a convection heat transferring section is formed in continuous with an opening for forming a discharged gas flow passage formed at the upper part of the plate member. SOLUTION: An opening for forming a combustion chamber formed at a plate member forming each of heat exchanger elements 30, 31 and 32 is formed continuously to form a combustion chamber 41 and inn addition an opening forming a discharged gas passage is continuous to form a discharged gas passage 42. Then, a space 43 inside each of the heat exchanger elements 30, 31 and 32 is applied as a space where combustion gas flows, and a space 44 between each of the heat exchanger elements 30, 31 and 32 is applied as a space where the absorbing liquid 52 passes. Then, combustion gas is flowed from a region in the space 43 enclosing the discharged gas passage 42 at a portion where the discharged gas passage 42 communicates the space 43 inside each of the heat exchanger elements 30, 31 and 32 into the discharged gas passage 42, flows n a direction of the discharged gas pipe 55 and then discharged out to the surrounding atmosphere through the discharging gas pipe 55.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vertical multi-plate regenerator with a built-in burner used in a direct-fire absorption refrigerator or the like, and particularly to a simplified combustion chamber, a convection heat transfer section and a casing. The present invention also relates to a burner-incorporated vertical multi-plate regenerator with a view to facilitating manufacture, miniaturizing the entire apparatus, and improving heat transfer efficiency.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A regenerator used in a conventional direct-fired absorption refrigerator or direct-fired absorption chiller / heater is, for example, shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 1, inside a body 02 of a multitubular regenerator 01,
A furnace tube 013 is installed over the entire length or substantially the entire length of the body 02, and a number of smoke tubes 07 are suspended between left and right header plates 04 constituting left and right side walls of the body 02. The left and right smoke chambers 09a and 09b, the exit smoke chamber 09c
And the like, and the combustion gas flows through the absorption liquid 08 contained in the fuselage 02 repeatedly through a smoke pipe, and the absorption gas
Heating 08, the combustion gas whose temperature has dropped
The refrigerant vapor is exhausted into the atmosphere from an exhaust port 010 formed in the nozzle, and the generated refrigerant vapor is sent from a supply port 012 to a condenser. At least an end of the furnace tube 013 on the side where the combustion chamber 06 is formed is fixed and supported by a header plate 04. Reference numeral 03 denotes an outer cylinder portion of the body 02, 011 is a burner, and 015 is a concentrated absorbent outlet.

[0003]

In the conventional multi-tube regenerator 01, the furnace tube 013 is formed separately from the left and right header plates 04, and is fixed by one or both of the left and right header plates 04. , Is to be supported. For this reason, the number of work processes and the number of parts have been increased. Further, a furnace tube having a combustion chamber 06
013 is provided over the entire length or substantially the entire length of the body 02, and the smoke tube groups 07, 07 ... are suspended between the left and right header plates 04, so that the entire apparatus becomes large and the structure is complicated.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a vertical multi-plate regenerator with a built-in burner which solves the above-mentioned problems. A heat exchanger element in which a multi-plate heat exchanger having a transmission unit and a convection heat transmission unit is housed in an absorbing liquid tank, and the multi-plate heat exchanger is formed by stacking two plate-like bodies on each other. In a burner-incorporated vertical multi-plate regenerator configured by stacking a plurality of vertical plates, a chamber that defines the radiant heat transfer section is formed in each lower portion of a plurality of the plate-like bodies. An exhaust gas passage formed by connecting the combustion chamber forming openings and being connected to the convective heat transfer section is formed by connecting the exhaust gas passage forming openings formed in the upper portions of the plurality of plate-like bodies, The space inside each heat exchanger element is The space between the heat exchanger elements is a passage through which the absorbing liquid passes, and a burner is provided in a chamber that defines the radiant heat transfer unit. It is.

[0005] Since the invention described in claim 1 is configured as described above, a special member such as a furnace tube is required in order to form a chamber defining a radiant heat transfer portion serving as a combustion chamber. In addition, without using a large number of smoke tubes and smoke chambers, the heat exchanger elements are formed by a pair of plate-like bodies having an opening for forming a combustion chamber and an opening for forming an exhaust gas passage formed in a lower and upper portion thereof. The multi-plate heat exchanger can be easily configured simply by connecting together, and the working process is shortened, and the manufacture of the multi-plate heat exchanger is facilitated. As a result, it becomes easy to manufacture a burner-integrated vertical multi-plate regenerator to which the multi-plate heat exchanger is applied. Further, the structure is simplified, and the entire device is downsized.

Further, all the radiant heat radiated from the combustion chamber is absorbed by the absorbing liquid through the surrounding wall of the plate-shaped body, so that the heat transfer efficiency is improved.

Further, by configuring the invention according to claim 1 as described in claim 2, one of the two plate-like bodies formed symmetrically with respect to the vertical center line is formed. One heat exchanger element can be easily formed simply by reversing the front and the back of the plate-shaped body, and the manufacture of a vertical multi-plate regenerator with a built-in burner becomes extremely easy.

[0008] According to the third aspect of the present invention, it is possible to easily form the absorbing liquid tank, and to form the absorbing liquid tank by using a multi-plate heat exchanger. Installation of the exchanger in the absorbent tank,
The fixing work is simplified.

Further, since a member for mounting and fixing the multi-plate heat exchanger in the absorbing liquid tank is not required, the internal structure of the vertical multi-plate regenerator with a built-in burner is simplified, and this is reduced in size. Can be

Further, the exhaust pipe connected to the exhaust gas passage includes an outermost plate-like member forming an outermost heat exchanger element constituting the multi-plate heat exchanger, and an absorption liquid tank side symmetric with the outermost plate-like member. Since it is attached only at one point of the assembly with the plate-like body constituting the wall surface and does not penetrate the other wall surface, no excessive stress is applied to the base thereof, and Accidents such as breakage of the heat exchanger and leakage of the heat exchange medium do not occur, and the reliability and durability of the vertical multi-plate regenerator with a built-in burner are improved.

Further, the invention described in claim 4 is:
Each of two plate-like members each having a combustion chamber, a convection heat transfer part, and a gas-liquid separation chamber, and formed in a shallow dish-like shape having an enclosing wall which is slightly opened toward the opening on the periphery and is provided upright. A burner configured by vertically stacking a plurality of heat exchanger elements formed by overlapping each other with the surrounding wall on the same side and placing a plate-shaped lid on both outermost heat exchanger elements. In the built-in vertical multi-plate regenerator, the combustion chamber is formed by connecting combustion chamber forming openings formed in each lower portion of the plurality of plate-like bodies, and is connected to the convection heat transfer unit. An exhaust gas passage is formed by connecting an exhaust gas passage forming opening formed at each upper portion of the plurality of plate-like bodies, and the gas-liquid separation chamber is formed at each upper end of the plurality of plate-like bodies. It is formed by connecting the formed gas-liquid separation chamber forming openings,
A space inside each heat exchanger element is a passage through which the combustion gas passes, a space between the heat exchanger elements is a passage through which the absorbent passes, and a burner is provided in the combustion chamber. This is a vertical multi-plate regenerator with a built-in burner.

Since the invention described in claim 4 is configured as described above, no special member such as a furnace tube is required for forming the combustion chamber, and a large number of smoke tubes and smoke chambers are formed. The opening for forming the combustion chamber, the opening for forming the exhaust gas passage, and the opening for forming the gas-liquid separation chamber are formed by a pair of plate-like bodies formed at the lower upper portion or the upper end portion without requiring a separate absorbing liquid tank. By simply stacking a plurality of heat exchanger elements vertically in the same position, placing the plate covers on both outermost heat exchanger elements and connecting them, the burner built-in type vertical multi-plate regeneration is easy. The container can be configured, the working process is shortened, and its manufacture is easy. Further, the structure is simplified, and the entire device is downsized.

Further, all the radiant heat radiated from the combustion chamber is absorbed by the absorbing liquid through the surrounding wall of the plate-shaped body, so that the heat transfer efficiency is improved.

Further, since the exhaust pipe connected to the exhaust gas passage does not penetrate the wall surface of the absorbing liquid tank, no excessive stress is applied to the base of the exhaust pipe. As a result, accidents such as leakage of the heat exchange medium do not occur, and the reliability and durability of the burner-incorporated vertical multi-plate regenerator are improved.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS First, an embodiment (Embodiment 1) of the invention described in claims 1 and 2 of the present application shown in FIGS. 1 to 9 will be described. FIG. 1 shows one surface A (hereinafter, referred to as A surface) of a plate-like body 1 which is a basic component of a multi-plate heat exchanger applied to a vertical multi-plate regenerator with a built-in burner according to the first embodiment. 2 to FIG. 4 are respectively a II-II line and a III-III line in FIG.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV.

The plate-like body 1 is formed by pressing an elongated rectangular aluminum material plate. In FIGS. 1 and 2, the exhaust gas passage forming openings 4 and the combustion chamber forming openings formed at both upper and lower ends are shown. With reference to the flat substrate portion 2 sandwiched by the openings 3, the exhaust gas passage forming openings 4 and the combustion chamber forming openings 3 are formed at the same height on the A surface side,
Further, the periphery of the exhaust gas passage forming opening 4 and the substrate portion 2
A plurality of protrusions 5 are formed at the same height as the openings 3 and 4 at appropriate intervals over the entire surface of the device.

At the peripheral edges of the opening 4 for forming the exhaust gas passage and the opening 3 for forming the combustion chamber, annular and rectangular strip-shaped flat portions 4a, 3a having the same height as these are provided, which are sufficient for the brazing described later. It is formed with a small width.

On the surface B of the plate 1 opposite to the surface A, the protrusions 5 are sewn over the periphery of the exhaust gas passage forming opening 4 and the entire surface of the substrate portion 2. Of the plate-like body 1 is formed so as to protrude into a rectangular band at the same height as the protrusions 6.

The two plate-like bodies 1 formed in this manner are brazed at the abutting portions of the opposing peripheral portions 7 and the abutting portions of the projections 6 with the B side facing each other. And a heat exchanger element 30 as illustrated in FIGS.
Is formed.

FIGS. 5 and 6 show plates 10, 20 used for the outermost heat exchanger elements of the multi-plate heat exchanger to define a combustion chamber. These plate-like bodies 10, 20
The difference from the plate-shaped body 1 is that, in the plate-shaped body 10, the combustion chamber forming opening 3 of the plate-shaped body 1 is not formed, and instead, the projections 5 and the projections 6 are formed in the same manner as described above. And
Further, the exhaust gas passage forming opening 4 is not formed,
Only the point of the flat convex surface 11 including the flat portion 4a is provided.
The only difference is that a burner insertion opening 21 is formed instead of. Note that the periphery of the burner insertion opening 21 is also
A strip-shaped flat portion 21a having the same height as 21 is formed.

Then, the plate 1 and the plate 10, and the plate 1 and the plate 20 are combined.
The heat exchanger elements 31 and 32 shown in FIG. 8 are formed by the same method as the case where 30 is formed.

The heat exchanger element 3 thus formed
0, 31, 32, a plurality of heat exchanger elements 30 and outermost heat exchanger elements 31, 32 are superimposed, flat portions 4a of the peripheral edge of the exhaust gas passage forming opening 4 facing each other, abutting portions of the same, The multi-plate heat exchanger 40 shown in FIG. 8 is formed by brazing and connecting the abutting portions of the flat portions 3a and the protruding portions 5 at the periphery of the opening 3 for forming the combustion chamber.

In the multi-plate heat exchanger 40, the combustion chamber forming openings 3 formed in the plate-like body 1 forming the heat exchanger elements 30, 31, 32 are connected to form a combustion chamber 41. Also, the exhaust gas passage forming opening 4 is connected to the
Are formed. And each heat exchanger element 30, 31, 32
Is a space through which the combustion gas passes, and a space 44 between each of the heat exchanger elements 30, 31, and 32 is an absorbing liquid to be described later.
There are 52 passing spaces.

The exhaust gas passages 42 are formed by connecting the exhaust gas passage forming openings 4 of the respective plate-like members 1.
In the exhaust gas passage 42, at a portion where the exhaust gas passage 42 communicates with the space 43 inside each of the heat exchanger elements 30, 31, 32, the combustion gas from the region in the space 43 surrounding the exhaust gas passage 42 Flows into the exhaust pipe 55 described later, and is discharged through the exhaust pipe 55 to the atmosphere.

Next, as shown in FIG. 8, the multi-plate heat exchanger 40 formed as described above is
The burner insertion opening 21 of the plate-shaped body 20 forming the outermost heat exchanger element 32 and the burner insertion opening 53 of the absorbent tank 51 are accommodated in the inside 51 and fixed by fixing means (not shown). Are connected in a liquid-tight manner, and the gas burner 54 is inserted into the combustion chamber 41 through these ports and fixed.

The exhaust gas passage forming opening 4 of the plate 20
An exhaust pipe 55 penetrating the absorbing liquid tank 51 in a liquid-tight manner is connected and connected in a liquid-tight manner via an auxiliary tool (not shown). Thus, the burner-incorporated multi-plate regenerator 50 is formed. Reference numeral 56 denotes an opening for supplying the absorbing liquid (dilute solution) 52 and discharge of the refrigerant vapor, and 57 denotes a bottom wall 51 of the absorbing liquid tank 51.
e (liquid solution)
Discharge pipe.

The heat exchanger elements 30, 31, 32, the multi-plate heat exchanger 40, and the burner-incorporated multi-plate regenerator 50 formed as described above are actually as follows. And assembled. That is, first, in each combination of the plate-like bodies 1, the plate-like body 1 and the plate-like body 10, and the plate-like body 1 and the plate-like body 20, the B-face side of each plate-like body constituting the combination faces each other. Then, the opposing peripheral portions 7 and the projections 6 are brought into contact with each other to temporarily assemble the heat exchanger elements 30, 31, and 32.

Next, these temporarily assembled heat exchanger elements 30, 31 and 32 are overlapped to form a flat portion 4a at the periphery of the opening 4 for forming the exhaust gas passage and the opening 3 for forming the combustion chamber.
The peripheral flat portions 3a and the projections 5 are brought into contact with each other to temporarily assemble the multi-plate heat exchanger 40.

Next, as shown in FIG. 9, the front wall 51a and the rear wall 51, which are the components of the absorbing liquid tank 51, are viewed from the front and rear sides of the multi-plate heat exchanger 40 temporarily assembled as described above.
b, and these are temporarily assembled to the multi-plate heat exchanger 40.

To temporarily assemble the front wall 51a with the multi-plate heat exchanger 40, the burner insertion opening 53 formed in the front wall 51a and the plate-like body
The burner insertion opening 21 is brought into contact with the front wall 51.
This is performed by bringing the base end of the exhaust pipe 55 penetrating through a into contact with the exhaust gas passage forming opening 4 of the plate-like body 20 via a connection aid. In order to temporarily assemble the rear wall 51b into the multi-plate heat exchanger 40, the multi-plate heat exchanger 40 is connected via a connecting member (not shown).
And leaving them at appropriate intervals.

Next, the temporary assembly thus obtained
A U-shaped tank component 51g integrally formed with a left side wall 51c, a right side wall 51d, and a bottom wall 51e of the absorbing liquid tank 51 is applied to the front wall 51f of the temporary assembly 51f.
a, the left and right end surfaces and the lower end surface of the rear wall 51b are brought into contact with the front and rear inner wall surfaces of the left side wall 51c, the right side wall 51d, and the bottom wall 51e of the U-shaped tank component 51g, and these are temporarily provisionally integrated. Assemble. Note that an absorbing liquid discharge pipe 57 is attached to the bottom wall 51e by temporary assembly.

Next, the ceiling wall 51e is placed over the temporary assembly of the temporary assembly 51f and the U-shaped tank constituent member 51g, and the inner peripheral surfaces of the four peripheral edges are covered by the front wall 51a, the rear wall 51b, and the rear wall 51b of the temporary assembly. The upper side surfaces of the left side wall 51c and the right side wall 51d are brought into contact with each other and are temporarily assembled together. In this way, a temporary assembly of the main body portion excluding the burner 41 of the burner-integrated vertical multi-plate regenerator 50 is formed.

Finally, the temporary assembly of the main body portion of the vertical multi-plate regenerator 50 with a built-in burner thus obtained is immersed in a brazing bath, and the temporarily assembled heat exchanger elements 30 and 31 are obtained. , 32,
The temporarily assembled multi-plate heat exchanger 40, and the constituent members of the temporarily assembled multi-plate heat exchanger 40 and the absorbent tank 51 (the front wall 51a,
All the contact portions in the temporary assembly with the rear wall 51b, the U-shaped tank constituent member 51g, and the ceiling wall 51e) are simultaneously brazed and joined at once.

In this way, the main body of the burner-incorporated vertical multiple disc regenerator 50 in which all the contact portions are firmly joined is formed. And the burner built-in type vertical multi-plate regenerator
The gas burner 54 is inserted into the combustion chamber 41 of the main body of the 50 through the burner insertion opening 53 and the burner insertion opening 21 and is fixed, whereby the burner-incorporated vertical multi-plate regenerator 50 is completed.

Since the vertical multi-plate regenerator 50 with a built-in burner according to the first embodiment is configured as described above, it operates as follows and has the following effects. Fill the absorption liquid tank 51 with the absorption liquid (dilute solution) 52 that has absorbed the refrigerant,
When the burner 54 is ignited, the plates 1, 1 facing the combustion chamber 41
The heat transfer walls 0 and 20 receive strong radiant heat from the combustion flame,
This is transmitted to the absorbent 52 in contact with the heat transfer wall surface, and the absorbent 52
Heat 52.

The combustion gas exiting the combustion chamber 41 rises in the space 43 in each of the heat exchanger elements 30, 31, and 32, and during this time, the space 44 between the heat exchanger elements 30, 31, and 32 The absorption liquid 52 filled in the inside and the absorption liquid 52 contained in the absorption liquid tank 51 surrounding the multi-plate heat exchanger 40 are heated.

As described above, the absorption liquid 52 is effectively heated by being heated by the radiant heat and the convection heat, and the refrigerant liquid absorbed therein is evaporated and separated. And supplied to an absorber (not shown) through a discharge pipe 57.

The separated refrigerant vapor exits through the opening 56 and is supplied to a condenser (not shown). On the other hand,
The combustion gas that has risen in the space 43 in each of the heat exchanger elements 30, 31, and 32 flows in the exhaust gas passage 42 toward the exhaust pipe 55, and is discharged from the exhaust pipe 55 to the atmosphere.

In the first embodiment, no special member such as a furnace tube is required for forming the combustion chamber 41, and a large number of smoke tubes and smoke chambers are not required. A plate-like body 1 having an exhaust gas passage forming opening 4 formed below and above it, a plate-like body 10 in which these are not formed, a burner insertion opening
Each heat exchanger element 3 is formed by using a plate-like body 20 in which an upper portion 21 and an opening 4 for forming an exhaust gas passage are formed.
The multi-plate heat exchanger 40 can be easily configured only by overlapping and connecting the 0, 31, and 32, and the working process is shortened, and the manufacture of the multi-plate heat exchanger 40 is facilitated. As a result, it becomes easy to manufacture the burner-incorporated vertical multi-plate regenerator 50 to which the multi-plate heat exchanger 40 is applied. Further, the structure is simplified, and the entire device is downsized.

Further, the surface B side of the combination of the two plate members made of the plate members 1, 10, and 20 formed symmetrically with respect to the vertical center line is faced to each other. The heat exchanger elements 30, 31, and 32 can be easily formed only by overlapping the peripheral portions, and the production of the multi-plate heat exchanger 40 and the production of the burner-integrated vertical multi-plate regenerator 50 are further improved. It will be easier.

Further, all the radiant heat radiated from the combustion chamber 41 is absorbed by the absorbing liquid through the wall surfaces of the plates 1, 10, and 20 surrounding the periphery, so that the heat transfer efficiency is improved.

Next, claim 3 of the present application shown in FIG.
An embodiment (Embodiment 2) of the described invention will be described. In the second embodiment, the outermost heat exchanger elements 31 and 32 on the side wall surface of the absorbent tank 51 of the burner-incorporated vertical multi-plate regenerator 50 and constituting the multi-plate heat exchanger 40 are used. The rear wall 51b and the front wall 51a, which are the side walls facing each other, are the outermost plate-like bodies 10, 20 forming the outermost heat exchanger elements 31, 32.
The same plate-like bodies 10 and 20 as above are turned upside down. The inverted plate-like members 10, 20 and the outermost plate-like members 10, 20 are plane-symmetric at their mounting positions.

Further, these plane-symmetric plate-like members 10, 10
The closing discs 11 and the projections 5 are just facing each other, are in contact with each other and are brazed.
The flat portions 4a of the peripheral edge of the exhaust gas passage forming opening 4 of the plate-like bodies 20, 20 having the plane symmetry, the flat portions 21a of the peripheral edge of the burner insertion opening 21 and the projections 5 are also at positions just facing each other. Are brazed in contact with each other. The space between the two plate-like bodies 10, 10 formed in this way
45, a space 46 between the two plate-like bodies 20, 20 is a space through which the absorbing liquid 52 passes, like the space 44.

The exhaust pipe 55 is connected to a flat portion 4a of the peripheral edge of the exhaust gas passage forming opening 4 of the plate-like members 20, 20 at a portion where the flat portions 4a are brought into contact with each other and brazed through an auxiliary tool (not shown). And they are brazed and attached together. Other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

Since the second embodiment is configured as described above, the side wall surfaces (the front wall 51a, the rear wall 51
b) As the member, the same plate-shaped member as the outermost plate-shaped members 10, 20 forming the outermost heat exchanger elements 31, 32 constituting the multi-plate heat exchanger 40 can be used. Therefore, the absorbent tank 51 can be easily formed by using these plate-like bodies 10 and 20 which are manufactured in large quantities to form the multi-plate heat exchanger 40.

The plate-like members 10 and 20 for forming the side wall surface of the absorbing liquid tank 51 are the outermost plate-like members of the multi-plate heat exchanger 40.
With the multi-plate heat exchanger 40 attached to the plates 10, 20, the plate-like bodies 10, 20 for forming the side wall surface of the absorbent tank 51 are finished.
If the front wall 51a and the rear wall 51b are joined to a portion serving as a mounting frame for the plate-like bodies 10 and 20, the front wall 51a and the rear wall 51b are completed, and at the same time, the multi-plate heat exchanger 40 The absorbent tank
It can be installed and fixed in the 51, the absorbent tank 51
And the work of mounting and fixing the multi-plate heat exchanger 40 in the absorbing liquid tank 51 is simplified.

Since there is no member for mounting and fixing the multi-plate heat exchanger 40 in the absorbent tank 51, the internal structure of the burner-integrated vertical multi-plate regenerator 50 is simplified. This can be downsized.

Further, the exhaust pipe 55 is brazed integrally with the flat portions 4a of the peripheral edges of the exhaust gas passage forming openings 4 of the plate-like bodies 20, 20 where the flat portions 4a are brought into contact with each other and brazed. Since there is no other part that penetrates the wall surface, no excessive stress is applied to the base compared to the first embodiment. Accordingly, an accident such as breakage of the portion and leakage of the heat exchange medium caused by the breakage does not occur, and the reliability and durability of the burner-incorporated vertical multi-plate regenerator 50 are improved.

Next, one embodiment (third embodiment) of the invention described in claim 4 of the present application shown in FIGS. 11 to 20 will be described. FIG. 11 is a plan view of one surface A of one plate-like body which is a basic component of a heat exchanger element applied to the burner-incorporated vertical multi-plate regenerator according to the third embodiment. Is a longitudinal sectional view taken along line XII-XII in FIG. 11, FIG. 13 is a plan view of one surface A of the other plate-like body, and FIG. 14 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along line XIV-XIV in FIG. FIG. 15 is a plan view of one outermost plate-like body forming one outermost heat exchanger element, and is a view similar to FIG. 11, and FIG. FIG. 17 is a plan view of the other outermost plate-like member forming the heat exchanger element, similar to FIG. 13, and FIG. 17 is a plan view of one plate-like lid, similar to FIG. FIG. 18 is a plan view of the other plate-shaped lid, viewed from the same direction as FIG.
Is a longitudinal sectional view of an intermediate heat exchanger element formed by using two of the respective plate-like bodies of FIGS. 11 and 13, and FIG. 20 is a plurality of intermediate heat exchanger elements; It is a vertical cross-sectional view of a burner-incorporated vertical multi-plate regenerator configured by overlapping and connecting two plate-shaped lids with a device element.

As shown in FIG. 20, the third embodiment
The vertical multi-plate regenerator 150 with a built-in burner includes a plurality of intermediate heat exchanger elements 120 and both outermost heat exchanger elements 130 and 14.
0 and the plate-like lid 10 from both sides of the overlap.
0 and 110 are overlapped and covered to form a tank-like container with an external appearance, and an internal space of the tank-like container has an absorbing liquid storage space 163, a combustion chamber 151, and a convection heat transfer section (combustion gas passage) to be described later. 162), a gas-liquid separation chamber 161 is formed.

An absorption liquid (dilute solution) supply pipe 158 is attached to one plate-like lid 100 through an absorption liquid (dilute solution) supply pipe mounting opening 101, and an exhaust pipe attachment opening 104 is provided. The exhaust pipe 155 is attached to the opening, and the absorbing liquid (concentrated solution)
A discharge pipe 157 is attached (see FIGS. 17 and 20). The absorption liquid (dilute solution) supply pipe 158 is connected to the gas-liquid separation chamber 161.
It is arranged to extend inside.

The other plate-like lid 110 has a refrigerant vapor discharge duct 156 in the refrigerant vapor discharge duct mounting opening 119.
Gas burner through the burner insertion opening 111.
154 is inserted and attached into a combustion chamber 151 described later (see FIGS. 18 and 20).

As shown in FIG. 19, the intermediate heat exchanger element 120 has one of the plate-like members 60 (FIGS. 11 and 12), which are basic constituent members and have a shallow dish shape in longitudinal section. The other plate-like body 70 (FIGS. 13 and 14) is overlapped with the other plate-like body 70 in one of the plate-like bodies 60 in the posture of these figures, and the contact portions are joined. It is formed by doing.

One of the outermost heat exchanger elements 130 is composed of one outermost plate-like body 80 (FIG. 15) having a shallow dish-like shape in longitudinal section.
The other plate-shaped member 70, which is a basic component of the intermediate heat exchanger element 120, is overlapped with the other plate-shaped member 70 in one outermost plate-shaped member 80. It is formed by joining comrades.

The other outermost heat exchanger element 140 is composed of one plate-like body 60 which is a basic component of the intermediate heat exchanger element 120 and the other outermost plate having a shallow plate-like longitudinal section. Shape 90
(FIG. 16) is formed by putting the other outermost plate-shaped body 90 in one plate-shaped body 60 and overlapping them, and joining the contact portions together.

Therefore, the vertical multi-plate regenerator 150 with a built-in burner according to the third embodiment is composed of plate-like lids 100, 110 on both sides.
The main body portion is composed of a total of six types of plate-like materials, that is, both plate-like members 60 and 70, which are basic constituent members of the intermediate heat exchanger element 120, and both outermost plate-like members 80 and 90. Have been.

These plate-like members are formed by pressing an elongated rectangular aluminum material plate, similarly to the plate-like body 1 in the first embodiment. Thereby, these plural types of plate-like members can be formed relatively easily.

Any of the plate members (plate members 60, 70, 80, 90,
The plate-like lids 100 and 110) also have a vertically elongated rectangular shape in a plan view formed in a shape slightly deformed at a lower portion thereof, and the periphery of each plate-like material to be described later is formed on the periphery thereof. Enclosures 67, 77, 87, 97, 107, 117 at angles slightly open outward from perpendicular to parts 62, 72, 82, 92, 102, 112
Is erected. By these enclosures, each plate-like material,
It has a shallow dish shape. In addition, the said angle is common about each surrounding wall.

The vertical lengths and widths of the plate members 60, 70, 80, and 90 in plan view are determined when the heat exchanger elements 120, 130, and 140 are formed by overlapping each other as described above. The dimensions are such that the surrounding walls 67, 77, 87, 97 just overlap without any gap.

The vertical lengths and the horizontal widths of the plate-like lids 100 and 110 in plan view are determined by superposing and covering the outermost heat exchanger elements 130 and 140 as described above.
Thus, when a tank-like structure having a plurality of heat exchanger elements 120, 130, 140 superposed on each other is finished, the surrounding walls 107, 117 of these plate-like lids 100, 110 are
At a portion forward of the vicinity of the upright corner portion, the size is set so as to overlap with the surrounding walls 87 and 97 of the outermost plate-like members 80 and 90 without any gaps.

Next, the plate-shaped members 60, 70, 80, 90, and the plate-shaped lid 10
Details of the structure of the other parts of 0 and 110 will be described separately. The plate-like body 60, together with the plate-like body 70, constitutes a basic component of the intermediate heat exchanger element 120.
In FIG. 12 and on the bottom surface excluding the surrounding wall 67,
An opening 69 for forming a gas-liquid separation chamber, an opening 64 for forming an exhaust gas passage, a plurality of protrusions 65 and 66, an opening 63 for forming a combustion chamber, and an opening 68 for forming an absorbing liquid (concentrated solution) passage are formed from above to below in the figure. With reference to the substrate portion 62 that is not subjected to processing, it is formed so as to be described later on the surface A on the side where the surrounding wall 67 is formed or on the surface B on the opposite side.

With reference to the substrate portion 62, an opening 69 for forming a gas-liquid separation chamber at the uppermost end and an opening 68 for forming an absorbing liquid (concentrated solution) passage at the lowermost end are provided on the A side. The protrusion is formed. The opening 69 for forming a gas-liquid separation chamber has a rectangular shape that is long in the width direction of the plate-like body 60, and an elongated strip-shaped flat portion is formed around the rectangular shape.
69a is formed, and the left, right, upper and outer peripheral edges of the flat portion 69a are directly connected to the upright corner of the surrounding wall 67.

The lower side of the flat portion 69a has a height above the liquid surface when the burner-integrated vertical multi-plate regenerator 150 is completed and the absorbing liquid 152 is stored therein. Is set to Thereby, a heat transfer area can be gained and sufficient heat exchange between the combustion gas and the absorbing liquid can be achieved (see FIG. 20).

The opening 68 for forming the absorbent (concentrated solution) passage is provided between the heat exchanger elements 120, 130, 140 and between the heat exchanger elements 130, 140 and the plate-like lids 100, 110 on both sides. This is for communicating the absorbing solution contained in the lower end portion of the regenerator 150 and forming a passage for guiding the concentrated solution toward the absorbing solution (concentrated solution) discharge pipe 157. A circular shape is formed at the lower end of the 60. And
A flat portion 68a is formed on the periphery of the opening 68 in an annular shape so as to surround the flat portion 68a.

At a slightly lower central portion of the opening 69 for forming a gas-liquid separation chamber, an opening 64 for forming an exhaust gas passage is formed in a circular shape at the same height on the surface B in the direction opposite to the direction in which the opening 69 protrudes. At the periphery of the opening 64, a flat portion 64a is formed in an annular shape surrounding the flat portion.

Slightly above the opening 68 for forming an absorbent (concentrated solution) passage, an opening 63 for forming a combustion chamber is formed at the same height on the side B in the direction opposite to the direction in which the opening 68 protrudes. At the periphery of the opening 63, a flat portion 63a is formed in a band shape surrounding the flat portion 63a. The width of the rectangle of the opening 63 is slightly shorter than the width of the rectangle of the opening 69 at the uppermost end, and the vertical length thereof is slightly longer than the vertical length of the rectangle of the opening 69 at the uppermost end. It is formed in a shape approaching.

Further, a plurality of projections 66 are provided on the substrate portion 62 between the opening 69 for forming the gas-liquid separation chamber and the opening 63 for forming the combustion chamber, except for the periphery of the opening 64 for forming the exhaust gas passage. On the side, a plurality of protrusions 65 are alternately and regularly formed on the side B side at appropriate intervals. These projections 66, 65
Are formed in the same size, and their height is the same as the height of the opening 69 for forming the gas-liquid separation chamber, the opening 63 for forming the combustion chamber, and the like.

The openings 69 for forming the gas-liquid separation chamber,
The opening 64 for forming an exhaust gas passage, the opening 63 for forming a combustion chamber, the opening 68 for forming an absorbing liquid (concentrated solution) passage, and the plurality of protrusions 65 and 66 have the same shape or arrangement as the vertical center line of the plate-shaped body 60. Are formed in the above-described manner so as to be symmetrical with respect to the center.

The structure of the bottom surface of the plate-like body 70 includes an opening 69 for forming a gas-liquid separation chamber, an opening 64 for forming an exhaust gas passage, an opening 63 for forming a combustion chamber, an opening 68 for forming an absorbing liquid (concentrated solution) passage, and a plurality of openings. Protrusion
The direction of each protrusion formation of 65, 66 is based on the substrate 72,
There is no particular difference except that the direction of each of the projections on the plate-shaped body 60 is completely reversed.

As described above, the plate 80 is overlapped with the plate 70 to form one outermost heat exchanger element 130. The structure of the bottom portion is basically the same as the plate-shaped body 60, but the combustion chamber forming opening 63 is not formed, the opening portion is closed, and the same height as the flat portion 63a, The only difference is that it is a flat portion 81 including this.

The plate-like body 90 is overlapped with the plate-like body 60 to form the other outermost heat exchanger element 140 as described above. The structure of the bottom portion is basically the same as the plate-like body 70, but the exhaust gas passage forming opening 64 is not formed,
The only difference is that the opening is closed and the flat portion 91 includes the flat portion 64a at the same height as the flat portion 64a.

One of the plate-like lids 100 is formed on a flat substrate portion 102 on the entire bottom surface thereof, and the absorption liquid (dilute solution) supply pipe mounting opening 101 is formed above the substrate portion 102. ,
Also, at a slightly lower portion, an opening for attaching the exhaust pipe is provided.
104 is further provided at the lower end thereof with the absorbing solution (concentrated solution).
Each of the discharge pipe mounting openings 108 is stamped and formed.

The other plate-like lid 110 is formed on a flat substrate portion 112 on the entire bottom surface thereof, and the plate-like members 60, 70, 80, 90 are formed at the upper end of the substrate portion 112. The refrigerant vapor discharge duct mounting opening 119 is formed in the same size as the gas-liquid separation chamber forming opening 69 to be formed, and the lower part thereof is formed in a plate-like body 60, 70, 90 with a vertical length. Combustion chamber opening
The burner insertion openings 111, which are shorter than the vertical length of 63 and into which the gas burners 154 can be inserted, are formed by punching.

The intermediate heat exchanger element 120, as described above,
It is formed by placing the plate-shaped members 70 in the plate-shaped members 60 and overlapping them, and joining the contact portions together. In this case, the flat portions 69a protrudingly formed on the side A of the plate-shaped members 60 are formed. , The projection 66, the flat portion 68a, and the flat portion protrudingly formed on the B surface side of the plate-shaped body 70.
69a, the projection 66, and the flat portion 68a are in contact with each other,
These contact portions are formed by joining them by brazing (see FIG. 19).

Both outermost heat exchanger elements 130, 140
As described above, the plate-shaped body 70 is put in the plate-shaped body 80 and overlapped, or the plate-shaped body 90 is put in the plate-shaped body 60 and overlapped, and the respective contact portions are joined together. The specific mode is exactly the same as when the intermediate heat exchanger element 120 is formed.

In each of the heat exchanger elements 120, 130, 140, flat portions 64 a, projections 65, flat portions 63 protruding outward on both sides.
a is in contact with a similar flat portion 64a, projection 65, or flat portion 63a in any of the adjacent heat exchanger elements 120, 130, 140, and the corresponding contact portions are joined by brazing, so that heat exchange is performed. An assembly of instrument elements 120, 130, 140 is formed.

At the same time, these heat exchanger elements 120, 130,
Combustion chamber 151 is formed in each of plate-shaped members 60, 70, and 90, and combustion chamber 151 is formed in each of plate-shaped members 60, 70, and 80. The passage forming openings 64 are connected, and the exhaust gas passage 159 is formed by the plate-like bodies 60, 70,
The absorption liquid (concentrated solution) passage forming opening 68 protrudingly formed in each of 80 and 90 is connected, and the absorption liquid (concentrated solution) passage 160 is formed.
Similarly, the gas-liquid separation chamber forming opening 69 protrudingly formed on each of the plate-like bodies 60, 70, 80, and 90 is connected to form a gas-liquid separation chamber 161.
Each is formed.

The internal space of each of the heat exchanger elements 120, 130, 140 is defined as a combustion gas passage 162 connected to the combustion chamber 151, and the heat exchanger elements 120, 130, 140 are located between the heat exchanger elements 120, 130, 140.
Each space 163 between 130 and the plate-shaped lid 100 and between the heat exchanger element 140 and the plate-shaped lid 110 is a storage chamber for absorbing liquid, and the storage chamber for these absorbing liquids is as described above. As described above, they are communicated with each other via the absorption liquid (concentrated solution) passage 160.
Then, through a heat transfer wall defining the combustion gas passage 162,
Convective heat transfer is performed between the combustion gas and the absorbent.

The gas burners 154 are inserted into the combustion chamber 151 from the burner insertion openings 111 formed in the plate-like lid 110, and the combustion chamber formation openings formed in the respective plate-like bodies 60, 70, 90.
It is mounted on the lower side of 63.

The third embodiment operates in the same manner as the first and second embodiments, and the refrigerant vapor separated in the gas-liquid separation chamber 161 passes through the refrigerant vapor discharge duct 156 to the next condenser ( The absorption liquid supplied to the absorber (not shown) and separated into the concentrated solution by separating the refrigerant vapor is supplied to the next absorber (not shown) through the absorption liquid discharge pipe 157.

The combustion gas ascends through the combustion gas passage 162 and conducts convective heat transfer with the absorbing liquid, collides with the ceiling wall, and is then concentrated in the exhaust gas passage 159 slightly below the central portion. Proceeding to the left, it is discharged into the atmosphere through the exhaust pipe 155.

Since the third embodiment is constructed as described above, a special member such as a furnace tube is not required to form the combustion chamber 151, and a large number of smoke tubes, smoke chambers, and separate Plate bodies 60, 70 in which an opening 63 for forming a combustion chamber, an opening 64 for forming an exhaust gas passage, an opening 69 for forming a gas-liquid separation chamber, and the like are formed at the lower upper portion or the upper end thereof without the need for an absorbing liquid tank. Heat exchanger elements 120, 130, 14 formed by any pair of 80, 90
0, and a plate-shaped lid 100
, 110 can be easily formed by simply superposing and connecting them, and the main body of the vertical multi-plate regenerator 150 with a built-in burner can be easily constructed. Further, the structure is simplified, and the entire device is downsized.

Further, all the radiant heat radiated from the combustion chamber 151 is absorbed by the absorbing liquid through the surrounding plate-like body wall surface, so that the heat transfer efficiency is improved.

Further, since the exhaust pipe 155 connected to the exhaust gas passage 159 does not penetrate the wall surface of the absorbing liquid tank, no excessive stress is applied to the base thereof, and therefore, the exhaust pipe 155 is not connected to the exhaust pipe 155. Thus, an accident such as leakage of the heat exchange medium due to breakage of the heat exchanger does not occur, and the reliability and durability of the vertical multi-plate regenerator 150 with a built-in burner are improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a basic structural member of a multi-plate heat exchanger applied to a vertical multi-plate regenerator with a built-in burner according to one embodiment (Embodiment 1) of the invention described in claims 1 and 2 of the present application. It is a top view of one surface A of the plate-shaped object which is.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of an outermost plate-like body forming one outermost heat exchanger element of the multi-plate heat exchanger in the embodiment of FIG. 1, and is a view similar to FIG. 1; .

FIG. 6 is a plan view of the outermost plate-like body forming the other outermost heat exchanger element of the multi-plate heat exchanger in the embodiment of FIG. 1, and is a view similar to FIG. 1; .

FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of an intermediate heat exchanger element formed by using two of the plate-like bodies of FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view of the vertical multi-plate regenerator with a built-in burner in the embodiment of FIG. 1, and the cutting position of the plate of the multi-plate heat exchanger is taken along the line VIII-VIII in FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view in the case of a line.

FIG. 9 is an exploded view of a vertical multi-plate regenerator with a built-in burner in the embodiment of FIG. 1;

FIG. 10 is a vertical sectional view of a burner-incorporated vertical multi-plate regenerator according to an embodiment (Embodiment 2) of the invention described in claim 3 of the present application, and is a view similar to FIG.

FIG. 11 is one plate which is a basic component of a heat exchanger element applied to a vertical multi-plate regenerator with a built-in burner according to an embodiment (third embodiment) of the invention described in claim 4 of the present application. It is a top view of one surface A of the shape.

FIG. 12 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along line XII-XII of FIG.

FIG. 13 is a plan view of one surface A of the other plate-like body.

FIG. 14 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along line XIV-XIV of FIG.

15 is a plan view of one outermost plate-like body forming one outermost heat exchanger element in the embodiment of FIG. 11, and is a view similar to FIG. 11;

FIG. 16 is a plan view of the other outermost plate-like body forming the other outermost heat exchanger element in the embodiment of FIG. 11, and is a view similar to FIG. 13;

17 is a plan view of one plate-like lid in the embodiment of FIG. 11, viewed from the same direction as FIG. 1;

FIG. 18 is a plan view of the other plate-like lid in the embodiment of FIG. 11, viewed from the same direction as FIG. 1;

FIG. 19 is a longitudinal sectional view of an intermediate heat exchanger element formed by using two of the plate bodies of FIGS. 11 and 13 in the embodiment of FIG. 11;

FIG. 20 is a longitudinal sectional view of a vertical multi-plate regenerator incorporating a burner in the embodiment of FIG. 11;

FIG. 21 is a diagram showing a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Plate-like body, 2 ... Substrate part, 3 ... Opening for forming a combustion chamber, 4 ...
Openings for forming exhaust gas passages, 5, 6 ... projections, 7 ... peripheral parts, 10
... plate-like body, 11 ... flat convex surface, 20 ... plate-like body, 21 ... burner insertion opening, 30, 31, 32 ... heat exchanger element, 40 ... multi-plate heat exchanger, 41 ... combustion chamber, 42 ... exhaust gas Passageway, 43: Space (combustion gas passage), 44, 45, 46: Space (absorbent liquid passage), 50: Vertical multi-plate regenerator with built-in burner, 51: Absorbent liquid tank, 52: Absorbent liquid, 53 ... Burner insertion port, 54… Gas burner, 55… Exhaust pipe,
56 ... opening, 57 ... absorbent (concentrated solution) discharge pipe, 60 ... plate, 62 ... substrate, 63 ... combustion chamber forming opening, 64 ... exhaust gas passage forming opening, 65, 66 ... projection, 67 ... enclosure wall, 68 ... opening for forming an absorbing liquid (concentrated solution) passage, 69 ... opening for forming a gas-liquid separation chamber, 70 ... plate-like body, 72 ... substrate part, 77 ... enclosure wall, 80 ... plate-like body,
81 ... flat part, 82 ... substrate part, 87 ... surrounding wall, 90 ... plate-like body, 91 ...
Flat part, 92: substrate part, 97: surrounding wall, 100: plate-like lid, 101
... Absolute liquid (dilute solution) supply pipe mounting opening, 102 ... Substrate unit, 104 ... Exhaust pipe mounting opening, 107 ... Enclosure wall, 108 ... Absorbent liquid (concentrated solution) discharge pipe mounting opening, 110 ... Plate shaped lid ,
111 ... burner insertion opening, 112 ... board part, 117 ... wall, 1
19… Aperture for mounting refrigerant vapor discharge duct, 120, 130, 1
40 ... heat exchanger element, 150 ... vertical multi-plate regenerator with built-in burner, 151 ... combustion chamber, 152 ... absorbent, 154 ... gas burner, 155 ... exhaust pipe, 156 ... refrigerant vapor discharge duct, 157 ...
Absorbing liquid (concentrated solution) discharge pipe, 158 ... Absorbing liquid (dilute solution) supply pipe, 159 ... Exhaust gas passage, 160 ... Absorbing liquid (concentrated solution) passage,
161: gas-liquid separation chamber, 162: combustion gas passage, 163: space (absorbent liquid storage chamber).

Continuing from the front page (72) Inventor Tsutomu Wada 3-25-3 Yoyogi, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo Toyo Radiator Co., Ltd. (72) Toshimitsu Takaishi 1-4-1 Chuo, Wako-shi, Saitama Japan Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Inside the research laboratory (72) Inventor Manabu Kagawa 1-4-1 Chuo, Wako-shi, Saitama

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A multi-plate heat exchanger having a radiant heat transfer section and a convection heat transfer section is accommodated in an absorbent tank, and the multi-plate heat exchanger is formed by stacking two plate-like bodies on each other. In a burner-incorporated vertical multi-plate regenerator configured by stacking a plurality of heat exchanger elements vertically, a chamber that defines the radiant heat transfer section has a plurality of plates each. An exhaust gas passage formed by connecting a combustion chamber forming opening formed in a lower portion is connected to the convection heat transfer portion, and an exhaust gas passage forming opening formed in each upper portion of the plurality of plate-like bodies is formed. The space inside each heat exchanger element is defined as a passage through which the combustion gas passes, and the space between the heat exchanger elements is defined as a passage through which the absorbing liquid passes, and defines the radiant heat transfer section. Built-in burner characterized by a burner provided in the room Vertical 置多 plate type regenerator. 2. An opening for forming a combustion chamber formed in a lower portion of the plate-shaped member and an opening for forming an exhaust gas passage formed in an upper portion of the plate-shaped member are both formed so as to protrude on the same surface side of the plate-shaped member. At the same time, a plurality of projections are formed on both sides of the plate-like body except for the openings, and a plurality of protrusions are formed on the sides of the plate-like body where the openings are formed. The projections are formed at the same height as the two openings, and at the same height as the projection formed on the opposite side of the plate-shaped body from the side where the two openings are formed, the peripheral edge of the plate-shaped body is formed. The combustion chamber forming opening, the exhaust gas passage forming opening, the plurality of protrusions formed on both sides of the plate-like body and the peripheral edge portion are all formed of the plate-like body. Formed or arranged symmetrically with respect to the vertical center line, forming the multi-plate heat exchanger Each of the heat exchanger elements except the outer heat exchanger element has the two plate-shaped bodies facing each other, the protruding peripheral portions facing each other, and the opposing peripheral portions and the peripheral edge portions are opposed to each other. The burner-integrated vertical multi-plate regenerator according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of opposing projections protrudingly formed on the same side as the above are abutted and joined. 3. The side wall surface of the absorbing liquid tank, which is the side wall surface facing the outermost heat exchanger element constituting the multi-plate heat exchanger, is provided with the outermost heat exchanger element. 3. The burner set according to claim 1, further comprising a plate-like body which is symmetrical with the outermost plate-like body to be formed, and wherein opposing contact portions of the two plate-like bodies are joined to each other. Built-in vertical multi-plate regenerator. 4. A shallow plate-like body having a combustion chamber, a convection heat transfer section, and a gas-liquid separation chamber, and having a surrounding wall which is slightly opened toward an opening on a peripheral edge and is provided upright. A plurality of heat exchanger elements formed by overlapping each other with the surrounding walls on the same side and overlapping each other in the same posture in a vertical position, and a plate-like lid is placed on both outermost heat exchanger elements. The burner-incorporated vertical multi-plate regenerator configured as described above, wherein the combustion chamber is formed by connecting a plurality of combustion chamber forming openings formed in lower portions of the plate-like bodies, and the convection is formed. An exhaust gas passage connected to the heat transfer unit is formed by connecting an exhaust gas passage forming opening formed in each upper part of the plurality of plate-like bodies, and the gas-liquid separation chamber includes a plurality of the plate-like bodies. Formed by connecting the gas-liquid separation chamber forming openings formed at each upper end of the A burner provided in the combustion chamber, wherein a space inside the heat exchanger element is a passage through which the combustion gas passes, a space between the heat exchanger elements is a passage through which the absorbent passes, and a burner is provided in the combustion chamber. Built-in vertical multi-plate regenerator.