JPH11107391A - Ventilation structure and system of building - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide the ventilation structure and system of a building which can always carry out ventilation having excellent balance inside the building and improve habitability and durability of the building and moreover has an excellent sound insulating ability. SOLUTION: The indoor ventilation structure of a building is composed of a vent layer 2b provided along an outer wall 2a inside the outer wall 2a; an air intake 3 from the outdoor which is located in the lower part of the outer wall 2a and communicates with the vent layer 2b; an air inlet 4 which is located on the upper side of the vent layer 2b and communicates with a dwelling space 5a; a suction port 6 to communicate with an attic space 5b formed in the dwelling space 5a; and a fan 8 which is arranged in the attic space 5b and forcedly draws-in an air. The indoor ventilation structure is moreover equipped with an exhaust duct 7 connected to the fan 8 and an exhaust port 9 formed on the side of an outer wall 2a of the exhaust duct 7.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a ventilation structure of a building and a ventilation system in the ventilation structure of the building, and more particularly to a ventilation structure of a building which is suitable for a building in an area having a large temperature difference between outdoor and indoor areas such as a cold region. And a ventilation system in a ventilation structure of the building.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in order to ventilate or ventilate a building, a plurality of vents communicating with the outdoors are provided on a wall of the building.
The ventilation in the building is performed by taking in the outdoor air or exhausting the air in the living room from the vent.

However, according to the above-mentioned ventilation method, the flow of air is greatly influenced by the temperature difference between the outdoor and the living room, and the outdoor conditions such as the wind speed and the wind direction. There was a problem that it was difficult to do.
In addition, if the doors of the rooms are closed, there is a problem that the flow of air in the building stays and the air does not circulate between the rooms, so that the ventilation in each room is not evenly performed.

[0004] If the ventilation is not performed in a well-balanced manner in the building, the air stays, resulting in a high humidity, which causes mold and the like. In addition, there is a problem that dew condensation occurs due to stagnation of air, and the dew condensation causes a part of the building to decay and stains and stains on walls and ceilings.

[0005] Further, in winter or cold regions, outdoor cold air flows directly into the living room from the vents, which lowers the heating efficiency, and the vents communicate directly with the outside. There is a disadvantage that external noise enters the room.

In order to solve the above problems, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No.
In Japanese Patent No. 338078, as shown in FIG. 6, a ventilation layer 101 is formed in a wall, and an indoor duct 102 communicating with a room 107 and an outdoor duct 103 communicating with outside air are provided in the ventilation layer. There is disclosed a configuration in which a vertical duct 106 communicating with a cabin back 105 via an exhaust port 104 is provided to perform ventilation.

In the prior art, since the indoor duct 102 does not directly communicate with the outside but communicates with the ventilation layer 101, it is possible to prevent the outside air from flowing directly into the room.
And it is possible to improve the sound insulation, but does not have a configuration that allows the air to flow smoothly in the building or a configuration that provides stable ventilation without being affected by outdoor conditions,
Well-balanced ventilation cannot always be provided throughout the building.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a well-balanced ventilation in a building at all times, and to improve the livability and the durability of the building. It is an object of the present invention to provide a ventilation structure and a ventilation system for a building which are improved and have good sound insulation.

[0009]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, in the indoor ventilation structure for a building, a ventilation layer provided along the outer wall inside the outer wall, and the ventilation layer below the outer wall. An air intake opening communicating with the outside, an air supply opening located above the ventilation layer and communicating with the living space, an intake opening communicating with the back of a hut formed in the living space, and an air inlet disposed on the back of the hut. It is provided with a fan provided for forcibly drawing in air, an exhaust duct connected to the fan, and an exhaust port formed on the outer wall side of the exhaust duct.

Preferably, the living space is partitioned into a plurality of sections, and a slit is formed in a lower portion of each partitioned space to form an air flow passage.

The ventilation structure is configured as described above, and ventilation in a building having this ventilation structure is performed by the following ventilation system. That is, the ventilation system according to claim 3 includes a ventilation layer provided along the outer wall inside the outer wall, an outdoor air intake communicating with the ventilation layer below the outer wall, and an upper side of the ventilation layer. An air supply port that is located and communicates with the living space, an intake port that communicates with the back of a hut formed in the living space, a fan that is disposed behind the hut and forcibly draws air, and is connected to the fan; An exhaust duct,
An exhaust port formed on the outer wall side of the exhaust duct, wherein the ventilation system is a ventilation system for a building, wherein a fan for forcibly taking in the air in the living space operates to draw in the air behind the cabin. At the same time, air in the living space is sucked from the suction port, and the sucked air passes through an exhaust duct connected to the fan, and is exhausted outside through an exhaust port formed in the exhaust duct. At the same time, outside air is taken in from the outdoor air intake communicating with the ventilation layer below the ventilation layer provided along the outer wall inside the outer wall, and the external air passes through the ventilation layer and is above the ventilation layer. An air supply port located on the side and communicating with the living space is taken into the living space to perform ventilation in the building.

In the ventilation system, it is preferable that the living space is partitioned into a plurality of sections, and a slit is formed below each of the partitioned spaces to form an air flow passage.

As described above, according to the ventilation structure and the ventilation system of the present invention, the air is caused to flow by using the fan. Irrespective of the situation, it is possible to provide stable ventilation all day. And because it has a structure where the air flow path is secured so that the intake of outside air into the living space, the distribution of air in the living space, and the discharge of air are performed in a well-balanced manner, the air flows through the living space. The air flows smoothly and the air circulates sufficiently, and the stagnation of the air is eliminated, so that mold and dew condensation generated by the stagnation of the air can be prevented, and the livability and the durability of the building can be improved.

[0014] A fan is provided behind the cabin,
Since it does not face the living space, noise generated by the fan can be prevented. Further, since the air flows through the back of the hut, it is possible to arbitrarily provide an inlet, and the air can be exhausted by providing an inlet in each living room.

The outside air taken in from the air supply port is:
Because it flows into the living room through the ventilation layer, for example, even if there is a large temperature difference between the outside air temperature and the room temperature in winter, the outside air is warmed by passing through the ventilation layer and the temperature when taken into the living room The difference is small and ventilation can be performed without impairing the heating efficiency. In addition, since the air inlet and air outlet are not in direct communication with the outdoors,
High sound insulation can be maintained.

[0016]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The indoor ventilation structure of the present invention
Inside a, a ventilation layer 2b provided along the outer wall 2a is provided. In addition, an air inlet 3 from the outside communicating with the ventilation layer 2b is formed in a lower portion of the outer wall 2a,
An air supply port 4 communicating with the living space 5a is formed above the ventilation layer 2b.

The living space 5a is formed with a suction port 6 communicating with the back of the hut 5b. A fan 8 for forcibly drawing in the air in the living space 5a is provided in the back of the hut 5b. An exhaust duct 7 is connected to the fan 8, and an exhaust port 9 is formed on the outer wall 2 a side of the exhaust duct 7.

Further, the living space 5a is divided into a plurality of partitions, and a slit 1 is provided at the lower part of each partitioned space.
1a is formed, and an air flow passage is formed by the slit 11a.

The ventilation system in the above ventilation structure is as follows. That is, the fan 8 that forcibly draws the air in the living space 5a is operated to suck the air in the cabin back 5b, and the air in the living space 5a is sucked through the inlet 6. An exhaust duct 7 is connected to the fan 8, and the air sucked into the fan 8 passes through the exhaust duct 7 and is exhausted outside through an exhaust port 9 formed on the outer wall 2 a side of the exhaust duct 7. .

As described above, air flows through the living space 5a, so that outside air is taken in from the air intake 3 located below the ventilation layer 2b, and the outside air passes through the ventilation layer 2b and passes through the ventilation layer 2b. Is taken into the living space 5a from the air supply port 4 located on the upper side. At this time, the living space 5a is partitioned into a plurality of sections, and a slit 11a is formed in a lower part of each partitioned space, and air flows through the slit 11a. In this way, air circulates and ventilation is performed.

[0021]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The members, arrangements, and the like described below do not limit the present invention, and can be variously modified within the scope of the present invention.

1 to 5 show an embodiment according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a building having a ventilation structure of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of a building having a ventilation structure of the present invention. ,
3 is an enlarged sectional view of an outer wall, FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of an air supply port,
FIG. 5 is an enlarged plan view of the air supply port.

The building 1 according to the present invention comprises a Western room, an LDK,
It has a living space 5a composed of a washroom and the like, and a cabin back 5b. The living space 5a and the cabin back 5b are separated from the outside by the wall 2.

The present invention relates to a ventilation structure in the above-mentioned building 1. As shown in FIG. 1, the ventilation structure is a ventilation layer 2b provided inside the outer wall 2a along the outer wall 2a.
And an air inlet 3 from the outside communicating with the ventilation layer 2b below the outer wall 2a, an air supply port 4 located above the ventilation layer 2b and communicating with the living space 5a, and a living space 5a. A suction port 6 communicating with the cabin back 5b, and a fan 8 for forcing air in the living space 5a disposed on the cabin back 5b
And an exhaust duct 7 connected to the fan 8 and an exhaust port 9 formed on the outer wall side of the exhaust duct 7.

As shown in FIG. 3, the wall portion 2 includes an outer wall 2a facing the outside, a ventilation layer 2b formed at regular intervals along the outer wall 2a inside the outer wall 2a, and an inner wall inside the ventilation layer 2b. And a heat insulating layer 2c located there. The heat insulating layer 2c includes a heat insulating material 2f made of glass wool, a windproof layer 2d formed on the outer wall 2a side of the heat insulating material, and an interior material 2e stretched on the living room side. Windbreak layer 2
d is for preventing infiltration of cold airflow or rainwater into the heat insulating layer 2c, and uses a sheet material having high moisture permeability, a siding board or plywood having high surface rigidity, or the like.

As shown in FIG. 1, the ventilation layer 2b has an air intake 3 formed at a lower portion thereof, and communicates with the outside. As will be described later, outside air flows in from the air inlet 3 by the flow of air in the building.

Further, an air supply port 4 is provided above the ventilation layer 2b. As shown in FIG. 4, the air supply port 4 is formed by forming a cylindrical hole 4c in the heat insulating layer of the wall, and a resin cover 4a is fixed to the cylindrical hole 4c at four places by screws 4f. The air volume adjusting mechanism 4b is provided. A knob 4d is provided at the center of the air volume adjusting mechanism 4b. By pulling the knob 4d toward the living space 5a, the air volume adjusting mechanism 4b and the hole 4c are provided.
4g can be widened. Also knob 4
By pushing d toward the outer wall 2a, the gap 4g between the air volume adjusting mechanism 4b and the hole 4c can be narrowed. As described above, by increasing or decreasing the gap 4g between the air volume adjusting mechanism 4b and the hole 4c, the amount of outside air entering the living space 5a can be adjusted.

The air volume adjusting mechanism 4b is not limited to the above-mentioned configuration, and may employ another configuration such as a configuration in which a lid-shaped member is attached to the hole 4c and the air volume is adjusted by opening and closing the lid-shaped member. Can be.

A filter 4e is attached to the hole 4c. The filter 4e is configured to remove dust and dirt contained in the outside air and to take clean air into the living space 5a. As shown in FIG. 2, in this example, the air supply ports 4 are provided at three places in the living space 5a. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the air supply ports 4 may be changed depending on the structure of the building 1, the arrangement of the living room, and the like. Adjust the location of 4.

The ceiling 10 in the living space 5a is provided with a suction port 6. This inlet 6 is located behind the hut 5 of the building 1.
b. A fan 8 is provided on the back 5b of the cabin. The fan 8 is a device for forcibly drawing in air.

An exhaust duct 7 is connected to the fan 8. The end of the exhaust duct on the outer wall 2a side passes through the heat insulating layer 2c and the outer wall 2a of the wall 2 and communicates with the outside through the exhaust port 9. Note that a cell hood 9 is provided at the exhaust port 9.
a is attached. The cell hood 9a prevents outside water from being blown into the exhaust duct 7, which prevents rainwater or the like from entering the cabin back 5b and prevents exhaust from the exhaust duct 7.

Further, the living space 5a is partitioned by a partition 11 into a plurality of living rooms. In the partition 11, a slit 11a is formed below. The slits 11a are provided so that outside air taken in from the air supply port 4 as an air flow passage can be distributed to each room.
For example, it is formed on the door of the partition 11.

In this embodiment, the slit 11a is formed below the door so that the door is separated from the floor 12 by a predetermined distance.
It is also possible to provide a ventilation window below the door without separating from the door 2, and to allow the air to flow through this ventilation window. Alternatively, the ventilation window may be formed on a wall or the like that partitions the living space 5a.
For example, a configuration may be adopted in which a slidable shutter is attached to the ventilation window, a mechanism for adjusting the air volume by changing the size of the ventilation window is attached, and the amount of air flowing through the ventilation window is adjusted.

Next, a ventilation system in the building 1 provided with the ventilation structure of the present invention will be described. As shown by arrows in FIGS. 1 and 2, the flow of air in the building 1 is such that the outside air taken in from the air supply port 4 flows between the living rooms, passes through the back of the cabin and the duct, and is discharged from the exhaust port. It is configured to be.

That is, the ventilation system in the building having the ventilation structure of the present invention is as follows. First, the fan 8 forcibly taking in the air in the living space 5a operates.
By the operation of the fan 8, the air in the cabin back 5 b is sucked and the air in the living space 5 a is sucked through the inlet 6. When the air in the living space 5a is sucked in this way, an air flow occurs in the living space 5a.

On the other hand, at the lower part of the outer wall 2a, outside air flows in from the outside by the air flow in the living space 5a from the air inlet 3 communicating with the ventilation layer 2b provided along the outer wall. The outside air flowing from the air intake 3 passes through the ventilation layer 2b and is taken into the living space 5a from the air supply port 4. At this time, the outside air passes through the ventilation layer 2b so that the temperature difference between the outside air temperature and the room temperature is reduced.

The living space 5a is divided into a plurality of partitions, and a slit 1 is provided at the lower part of each partitioned space.
1a is formed. Air flows through the slit 11a as an air flow passage. In this manner, the air flows from the room having the air supply port 4 to another room. The air in the living space 5a is sucked in from the inlet 6 by the operation of the fan 8, and
b, the air is sucked into the fan 8 disposed on the back of the hut 5b, and is discharged from the exhaust port 9 to the outside through the duct 7 connected to the fan 8. In this way, the air circulates in the building 1 and ventilation is performed.

[0038]

As described above, according to the ventilation structure and the ventilation system of the present invention, since the air is caused to flow by using the fan, the temperature difference between the outside and the living room, the wind speed and the wind direction, etc. It is possible to provide stable ventilation throughout the day without being affected by external conditions. And because it has a structure where the air flow path is secured so that the intake of outside air into the living space, the distribution of air in the living space, and the discharge of air are performed in a well-balanced manner, the air flows through the living space. The air flows smoothly and circulates sufficiently, so that the generation of mold and the like can be prevented without the air remaining.
Further, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of dew condensation due to the accumulation of air, the decay of the building due to the dew condensation, and the generation of stains and stains on walls and ceilings.

Further, a fan is provided behind the hut,
Since it does not face the living space, noise generated by the fan can be prevented. Further, since the air flows through the back of the hut, it is possible to arbitrarily provide an inlet, and the air can be exhausted by providing an inlet in each living room.

Further, since the outside air flows into the room after passing through the ventilation layer, the temperature difference between the room temperature and the outside air can be reduced, and the heating efficiency in winter can be prevented from lowering, and dew condensation due to the temperature difference can be prevented. it can. In addition, since the air supply port does not directly face the outside, it is possible to obtain a configuration excellent in sound insulation without causing outside noise to directly enter the living space.

Further, since the slit is provided in the lower part of the partitioned space, air circulation in the living space is ensured, so that it is not necessary to half open the doors of each living room, so that privacy can be secured. There are advantages too.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a building having a ventilation structure for a building according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of a building having a building ventilation structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of an outer wall in a ventilation structure for a building according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of an air supply port according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged plan view of an air supply port according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Building 2 Wall part 2a Outer wall 2b Ventilation layer 2c Heat insulation layer 2d Windproof layer 2e Interior material 2f Heat insulation material 3 Air intake 4 Air supply port 4a Cover 4b Air volume adjustment mechanism 4c Hole 4d Knob 4e Filter 4f Screw 4g Gap 5a Living space 5b Back of the hut 6 Inlet 7 Exhaust duct 8 Fan 9 Exhaust 10 Ceiling 11 Partition 11a Slit 12 Floor

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A ventilation layer provided inside the outer wall along the outer wall, an air intake from the outside communicating with the ventilation layer below the outer wall, and a living space located above the ventilation layer. An air supply port that communicates with a, a suction port that communicates with the back of a hut formed in the living space, a fan that is disposed behind the hut and forcibly draws air, and an exhaust duct that is connected to the fan. A ventilation structure for a building, comprising: an exhaust port formed on an outer wall side of the exhaust duct. 2. The living space is partitioned into a plurality of spaces, and a slit is formed in a lower portion of each of the partitioned spaces to form an air flow passage.
Ventilation structure of the building described. 3. A ventilation layer provided inside the outer wall along the outer wall, an outdoor air intake communicating with the ventilation layer below the outer wall, and a living space located above the ventilation layer. An air supply port that communicates with a, a suction port that communicates with the back of a hut formed in the living space, a fan that is disposed behind the hut and forcibly draws air, and an exhaust duct that is connected to the fan. An exhaust port formed on an outer wall side of the exhaust duct, wherein the ventilation system is a ventilation system for a building, wherein a fan for forcibly taking in the air in the living space operates to draw air from behind the hut. At the same time, air in the living space is sucked from the suction port, and the sucked air passes through an exhaust duct connected to the fan, and is exhausted outside through an exhaust port formed in the exhaust duct. With the outer wall Outside air is taken in from the outdoor air intake communicating with the ventilation layer at a lower portion of the ventilation layer provided along the outer wall on the inner side, and the outside air passes through the ventilation layer and is located above the ventilation layer to be inhabited. A ventilation system, wherein ventilation is performed in a building by being taken into the living space from an air supply port communicating with the space. 4. The living space is partitioned into a plurality of spaces, and a slit is formed in a lower portion of each of the partitioned spaces to form an air flow passage.
The described ventilation system.